IFS Function

Summary
The Excel IFS function can run multiple tests and return a value corresponding to the first TRUE
result. Use the IFS function to evaluate multiple conditions without multiple nested IF
statements. IFS allows shorter, easier to read formulas.

Purpose
Test multiple conditions, return first true

Return value
Value corresponding with first TRUE result

Arguments
• test1 - First logical test.
• value1 - Result when test1 is TRUE.
• test2, value2 - [optional] Second test/value pair.

Syntax
=IFS(test1, value1, [test2, value2], ...)

Usage notes
The IFs function evaluates multiple expressions and returns a result that corresponds to the first
TRUE result. You can use the IFS function when you want a self-contained formula to test
multiple conditions at the same time without nesting multiple IF statements. Formulas based on
IFS are shorter and easier to read and write.

Conditions are provided to the IFS function as test/value pairs, and IFS can handle up to 127
conditions. Each test represents a logical test that returns TRUE or FALSE, and the value that
follows will be returned when the test returns TRUE. In the event that more than one condition
returns TRUE, the value corresponding to the first TRUE result is returned. For this reason, it is
important to consider the order in which conditions appear.
Structure

An IFS formula with 3 tests can be visualized like this:

=IFS(
test1,value1 // pair 1
test2,value2 // pair 2
test3,value3 // pair 3
)

A value is returned by IFS only when the previous test returns TRUE, and the first test to return
TRUE "wins". For better readability, you can add line breaks to an IFS formula as shown above.

Note: the IFS function does not provide an argument for a default value. See Example #3 below
for a workaround.

Example #1 - grades, lowest to highest

In the example shown below, the IFS function is used to assign a grade based on a score. The
formula in E5, copied down, is:

=IFS(C5<60,"F",C5<70,"D",C5<80,"C",C5<90,"B",C5>=90,"A")

Notice the conditions are entered "in order" to test lower scores first. The grade associated with
the first test to return TRUE is returned.

Example #2 - rating, highest to lowest

In a simple rating system, a score of 3 or greater is "Good", a score between 2 and 3 is

"Average", and anything below 2 is "Poor". To assign these values with IFS, three conditions
are used:

=IFS(A1>=3,"Good",A1>=2,"Average",A1<2,"Poor")

Notice in this case conditions are arranged to test higher values first.

Example #3 - default value

The IFS function does not have a built-in default value to use when all conditions are FALSE.
However, to provide a default value, you can enter TRUE as a final test, followed by a value to
use as a default.

In the example below, a status code of 100 is "OK", a code of 200 is "Warning", and a code of
300 is "Error". Any other code value is invalid, so TRUE is provided as the final test, and
"Invalid" is provided as a "default" value.

=IFS(A1=100,"OK",A1=200,"Warning",A1=300,"Error",TRUE,"Invalid")
When the value in A1 is 100, 200, or 300, IFS will return the messages shown above. When A1
contains any other value (including when A1 is empty) IFS will return "Invalid". Without this
final condition, IFS will return #N/A when a code is not recognized.