NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE

GRADE 12 REVISION TEST: MAY 2024

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES P1
CONTENT: ANIMAL NUTRITION
TERMINOLOGY TEST

MARKS : 45

TIME : 45 minutes

This question paper consists of 7 pages.

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INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1. Answer ALL the questions in the ANSWER BOOK.

2. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this
question paper.

3. Write neatly and legibly.

QUESTION 1

1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.
Choose the correct answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question
numbers (1.1.1 to 1.1.20) in the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 1.1.21 A.

1.1.1 ONE of the following is NOT a fat-soluble vitamin:

A Vitamin A
B Vitamin C
C Vitamin D
D Vitamin E

1.1.2 The main function of fats in animal nutrition:

A Energy storage
B Muscle contraction
C Nerve conduction
D Oxygen transportation

1.1.3 … is a basic unit of proteins.

A Monosaccharide
B Fatty acid
C Nucleotide
D Amino acid

1.1.4 This enzyme breaks down proteins in the stomach of animals:

A Trypsin
B Lactase
C Pepsin
D Amylase

1.1.5 The formula for calculating the monthly fodder requirement for
livestock:

A Annual fodder requirement multiplied by 15

B Weekly fodder requirement multiplied by 12
C Annual fodder requirement multiplied by 4
D Daily fodder requirement multiplied by 30

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1.1.6 The statements below are correct with regard to functions of saliva in
ruminant farm animals:

(i) Binds masticated feed into bolus

(ii) Converts small amounts of fat into glycerol
(iii) Contains sodium which acts as a buffer against acidity
(iv) Reduces the risk of bloat through its foam-suppressing effect

Choose the Correct combination:

A (i), (iii) and (iv)

B (ii), (iii) and (iv)
C (i), (ii) and (iv)
D (i), (ii) and (iii)

1.1.7 The Pearson square method is used for:

A Determining the value of a Pearson correlation coefficient

B Calculating livestock feed rations
C Estimating livestock body weight
D Measuring pasture productivity

1.1.8 The following are reasons for supplementing nutrients in livestock,

EXCEPT:

A To prevent nutrient deficiencies

B To improve animal health and performance
C To increase forage intake
D To optimise reproduction and growth

1.1.9 The highly recommended method of providing vitamin supplements to

livestock:

A Including vitamins in the feed ration

B Mixing vitamins in water supply
C Administering oral vitamin drenches
D Offering vitamin leaks or blocks

1.1.10 This explains the concept of Nutritive Ratio in animal nutrition:

A The ratio of specific nutrients in a feed

B The ratio of energy to protein in a feed
C The ratio of vitamins to minerals in a feed
D The ratio of dry matter to water in a feed

1.1.11 The protein content in a feed is usually expressed as:

A Litres (ℓ)
B Grams (g)
C Megajoules (MJ)
D Percentage (%)

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1.1.12 Factors to be considered when developing a good fodder flow plan:

(i) Nutritional requirements of different livestock species

(ii) Seasonal variations in feed availability
(iii) Risk of soil erosion and water pollution
(iv) Availability of quality feed ingredients

Choose the CORRECT combination:

A (i), (iii) and (iv)

B (ii), (iii) and (iv)
C (i), (ii) and (iv)
D (i), (ii) and (iii)

1.1.13 The Nutritive Ratio (NR) is calculated by:

A Dividing the energy content by the protein content

B Dividing the protein content by the energy content
C Adding the energy content to the protein content
D Subtracting the energy content from the protein content

1.1.14 The energy released from combustion of a feed sample is measured

using a:

A Spectrophotometer
B Scale
C Calorimeter
D Microscope

1.1.15 The net energy value of a feed refers to:

A The total energy content without accounting for digestibility

B The energy available for maintenance and production after
accounting for digestibility
C The energy lost during feed processing
D The energy lost during digestion

1.1.16 This term is used to measure the quality of proteins:

A Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER)

B Essential Amino Acid Score (EAAS)
C Protein Digestibility-Correlated Amino Acid Score (PDCAAS)
D Biological Value (BV)

1.1.17 A protein source with the highest biological value:

A Soy protein
B Wheat protein
C Pea protein
D Egg protein

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1.1.18 ONE of the following is a roughage feed:

A Lucerne
B Corn seeds
C Soybean meal
D Fish meal

1.1.19 An animal feed rich in calcium and phosphorus:

A Sunflower meal
B Pea protein concentrate
C Carcass and bone meal
D Palm kernel meal

1.1.20 The following are functions of the alimentary canal of farm animals,
EXCEPT:

A Mechanical digestion
B Regulation of body temperature
C Absorption of nutrients
D Chemical digestion
(20 x 1) (20)

1.2 Indicate whether each of the descriptions in COLUMN B applies to A ONLY,

B ONLY, BOTH A AND B or NONE of the items in COLUMN A. Write A only,
B only, both A and B or none next to the question number (1.2.1 to 1.2.5) in
the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 1.2.6 B only.

COLUMN A COLUMN B
A: Gizzard Used in fowls for mechanical digestion and
1.2.1
B: Cecum mixing of feed
A: Carbohydrates Needed for blood clotting and transmission
1.2.2
B: Water of nerve impulses
A: Proteins Needed for insulation and protection of
1.2.3
B: Fats vital organs such as heart
A: Liver Used as storage organ/s for fat-soluble
1.2.4
B: Kidneys vitamins
A: High fibre content Lead/s to the decrease in the digestibility
1.2.5 (5)
B: Low protein content of feeds by livestock (5 x 1)

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1.3 Give ONE word/term for each of the following descriptions. Write only the
word/term next to the question numbers (1.3.1 to 1.3.15) in the ANSWER
BOOK.
1.3.1 The process through which feed is broken down into small, soluble
molecules that can be absorbed by cells for energy, growth and
maintenance
1.3.2 The taking in of feed by an animal through the mouth for subsequent
digestion
1.3.3 A circular muscle located at the junction between the oesophagus
and the stomach that controls the movement of feed
1.3.4 The coordinated muscular contractions that propel food through the
digestive system for effective digestion and absorption of nutrients
1.3.5 Digestive secretions such as hydrochloric acid, produced by the cells
lining the stomach which facilitate the digestion of feed

1.3.6 A muscular tube that connects the throat/pharynx to the stomach for
the passage of feed and fluids

1.3.7 A fluid produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder used in the
digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine

1.3.8 The shortest segment of the small intestine used in receiving partially
digested feed for further breakdown and absorption of nutrients

1.3.9 The movement of water across a permeable membrane from an area

of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration

1.3.10 The softening and weakening of the bones in livestock caused by the
deficiency of vitamin D and calcium

1.3.11 The process of converting raw feed ingredients into granules by

compressing them under high pressure through a pellet mill

1.3.12 A measure of the amount of energy absorbed by an animal, after

consuming a particular feed

1.3.13 Animal feed supplements that have a higher nutrient content and are
typically lower in fibre, and higher in energy and protein

1.3.14 A cheaper and high nitrogen-content compound used as a

concentrated source of non-protein-nitrogen in animal feeds

1.3.15 Medications administered to animals to induce a state of calmness and

sedation to reduce stress and aggressive behaviour (15 x 1) (15)

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1.4 Change the underlined word(s) in each of the following statements to make
them TRUE. Write only the answer next to the question numbers (1.4.1 to
1.4.5) in the ANSWER BOOK.

1.4.1 Remastication allows ruminant farm animals to regurgitate and re-chew

partially digested plant material.

1.4.2 The gizzard in ruminants is responsible for mechanical digestion of

feed.

1.4.3 To calculate the daily fodder requirements of livestock, the farmer must
multiply the number of animals by the average available fodder.

1.4.4 The Pearson square method is commonly used in livestock breeding.

1.4.5 The biological value of egg protein is 75.

(5 x 1) (5)
GRAND TOTAL 45

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