UNIT 4

TRANSFORMER

Tapesh Sarsodia
Faculty, E & I Dept.
IET DAVV, Indore
INDEX
⚫ 1.Introduction
⚫ 2.Construction
⚫ 3.Working principle
⚫ 4.Types of Transformer
⚫ 5.Ideal Transformer
⚫ 6.EMF Equation Transformer
⚫ 7.Transformation ratio
⚫ 8.Numericals
Introduction:-

⚫A transformer is an electrical
device which transfers AC
electrical Power from one circuit
to another circuits without
change in frequency but voltage
levels may changed
Working Principle:-

⚫ When AC current from primary side flows

through core, an EMF will induced and
transfer it to secondary winding through
induction effect via magnetic core.

⚫ It Works on the principle of Faraday’s

second law of electromagnetic induction
or Mutual Induction.
⚫ Construction:-

⚫ Four Important
Constructional
Features of
transformer are:
⚫ Magnetic Circuit
⚫ Electric Circuit
⚫ Dielectric Circuit
⚫ Tank and Accessories
Classification of Transformer:-

• 1) Based on Core arrangement

• Core Type
• Shell type

• 2) Based on Voltage Transformation

• Step Up
• Step Down

• 3) Based on Service provided

• Distribution Transformer
• Power Transformer
⚫ Ideal Transformer:-

⚫ A transformer is said to be ideal if it satisfies following

properties:-

⚫ It has no losses.
⚫ Its winding have zero resistance.
⚫ Leakage flux is zero. ie, 100% flux produced by primary links with
the secondary.
⚫ Permeability of core is so high that negligible current is required
to establish the flux in it.
◦ For an ideal transformer, the primary applied voltage is same
as the primary induced emf as there are no voltage drop.
◦ Similarly, The secondary induced emf is also same as the
terminal voltage across the load.
Phasor Diagram Of ideal
Transformer
⚫ Transformation Ratio:-

⚫ N1/ N2 = V1/V2 = I2/I1= E1/E2 = K

Transformer ON DC SUPPLY
Simplified Equivalent Circuit
H.W.