CAUSE AND SOLUTION (Final)

20 cấu trúc Band 8+ cho dạng PROBLEMS & SOLUTIONS - IELTS Writing Task 2
Introductions
1. A matter of great concern today is ...: Một vấn đề rất đáng quan tâm hiện nay là ...
E.g. A matter of great concern today is the increasing pollution in urban areas.
2. This problem has led to ..., necessitating immediate solutions: Vấn đề này đã dẫn đến ..., đòi hỏi các
giải pháp ngay lập tức.
E.g. This problem has led to severe health issues, necessitating immediate solutions.
3. The focus of this essay is to shed light on ... and propose possible solutions: Trọng tâm của bài viết này
là làm sáng tỏ ... và đề xuất các giải pháp có thể.
E.g. The focus of this essay is to shed light on the causes of urban pollution and propose possible
solutions.
4. In the following paragraphs, I will illustrate ...: Trong các đoạn văn sau, tôi sẽ minh họa ...
E.g. In the following paragraphs, I will illustrate these problems in detail and suggest ways to address
them.
Body
1. One of the significant problems is ...: Một trong những vấn đề quan trọng là ...
E.g. One of the significant problems is the excessive emission of greenhouse gases.
2. This issue is particularly severe because ...: Vấn đề này đặc biệt nghiêm trọng vì ...
E.g. This issue is particularly severe because it directly contributes to global warming.
3. An effective countermeasure could be ...: Một biện pháp đối phó hiệu quả có thể là ...
E.g. An effective countermeasure could be the implementation of stricter environmental regulations.
4. This solution has the potential to ...: Giải pháp này có tiềm năng để ...
E.g. This solution has the potential to drastically reduce harmful emissions.
5. Another problem often encountered is ...: Một vấn đề thường gặp khác là ...
E.g. Another problem often encountered is the improper disposal of waste.
6. The gravity of this problem lies in ...: Mức độ nghiêm trọng của vấn đề này nằm ở ...
E.g. The gravity of this problem lies in the harmful impact it has on local wildlife.
7. A possible solution to this problem is ...: Một giải pháp khả thi cho vấn đề này là ...
E.g. A possible solution to this problem is the promotion of recycling and composting programs.
8. This course of action can be effective because ...: Hành động này có thể hiệu quả vì ...
E.g. This course of action can be effective because it reduces the volume of waste that ends up in
landfills.
9.one of the major issues related to this/ associated with this is that S+V
Eg. One of the major issues related to this is that people are more likely to suffer from heart diseases.
= One of the major issues related to this is that people run a higher risk of contracting cardiovascular
diseases
10. Another serious/ worrying/alarming problem is that S+V
Eg. Another serious problem is that people with a sedentary lifestyles tend to feel more anxious
= Another serious problem is that people leading a sedentary lifestyles tend to experience higher levels of
anxiety
11. one solution to this problem is for SB to V
Eg. One solution to this problem is for government to invest in maintaining current sports centers and
building new ones.
= One solution to this problem is for government to allocate more funds to the maintenance of existing
fitness facilities as well as the construction of new ones.
12. another possible/ feasible/ viable solution to this problem would be for SB to V
Eg. Another viable solution to this problem would be for people to do physical activities more regularly
= Another viable solution to this problem would be for individuals to engage in physical activites on a
more regular basis
Conclusion
1. To sum up, it's clear that ...: Để tổng kết, rõ ràng là ...
E.g. To sum up, it's clear that urban pollution is a multi-faceted problem requiring various solutions.
2. Although each problem presents its unique challenges, the solutions provided ...: Mặc dù mỗi vấn đề
đều đặt ra những thách thức riêng biệt, nhưng các giải pháp đã đưa ra …
E.g. Although each problem presents its unique challenges, the solutions provided can pave the way for a
cleaner urban environment.

1
3. Ultimately, the effectiveness of these solutions lies in ...: Cuối cùng, hiệu quả của các giải pháp này
nằm ở ...
E.g. Ultimately, the effectiveness of these solutions lies in their implementation and public participation.
4. It is hoped that with sustained efforts, ...: Hy vọng rằng với những nỗ lực không ngừng, ...
E.g. It is hoped that with sustained efforts, a significant reduction in urban pollution can be achieved.

Sample 1. Writing Task 2 ngày 21/10/2023

Many students find it harder to study when they are at university or college than when they were at
school. Why is this? What can be done to solve the problem?
The transition from school to university presents a formidable challenge for many students. This essay
will explain why this is the case and then suggest several measures to overcome these difficulties.

This shift in academic rigour can be attributed to several key factors. Chief among these is that university
courses are characterized by a greater depth of knowledge and a faster pace of learning compared to
school. This demands a higher level of critical thinking, independent research, and analytical skills, all of
which freshmen may severely lack. Another contributing factor is the newfound independence that comes
with university life. Unlike school, where there is often a structured timetable and close monitoring by
teachers and parents, university students are expected to manage their own time, which can be a daunting
task for those unaccustomed to this level of autonomy.

To address this issue, higher education institutions can adopt a range of strategies. One such approach is
the implementation of comprehensive orientation programs designed to equip incoming students with
essential study competencies, effective time management strategies, and awareness of available campus
resources. Additionally, by creating smaller tutorial groups within larger classes, these institutes could
provide students with a more conducive environment for asking questions and seeking clarification.
Moreover, universities should promote a culture of open communication between professors and students,
encouraging them to seek help when needed.

In conclusion, the transition from high schools to tertiary education poses a significant academic
challenge for students due to the differences in terms of curricula and greater independence required. By
initiating specialized orientation programs, cultivating smaller learning communities, and advocating
open channels of communication, universities can help students overcome these challenges and thrive in
their academic pursuits.

(282 words)
Vocabulary
critical thinking, independent research, and analytical skills
/ˈkrɪtɪkᵊl ˈθɪŋkɪŋ, ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt rɪˈsɜːʧ, ænd ˌænəˈlɪtɪkᵊl skɪlz/
(noun). tư duy phản biện, nghiên cứu độc lập và kỹ năng phân tích
Students who excel in their studies often demonstrate strong critical thinking, independent research, and
analytical skills.
newfound independence that comes with university life
/ˈnjuːfaʊnd ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəns ðæt kʌmz wɪð ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəti laɪf/
(noun). sự độc lập mới xuất hiện trong cuộc sống đại học
Many students find the newfound independence that comes with university life both liberating and
challenging.
a structured timetable/ə ˈstrʌkʧəd ˈtaɪmˌteɪbᵊl/(noun). một thời gian biểu chặt chẽ
Having a structured timetable can help students manage their time effectively and stay organized.
a daunting task/ə ˈdɔːntɪŋ tɑːsk/(noun). một nhiệm vụ khó khăn
Writing a 100-page thesis can be a daunting task, but with dedication, it can be accomplished.
unaccustomed to/ˌʌnəˈkʌstəmd tuː/(adj). không quen với
She was unaccustomed to the fast-paced city life after growing up in a rural area.
higher education institutions/ˈhaɪər ˌɛʤʊˈkeɪʃᵊn ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃᵊnz/
(noun). các cơ sở giáo dục đại học
There are various higher education institutions, including universities and colleges, that offer diverse
academic programs.
adopt a range of strategies/əˈdɒpt ə reɪnʤ ɒv ˈstrætɪʤiz/
(verb). áp dụng một loạt các chiến lược
2
To succeed in challenging courses, students often need to adopt a range of strategies, from time
management to effective study techniques.
the implementation of comprehensive orientation programs
/ði ˌɪmplɪmɛnˈteɪʃᵊn ɒv ˌkɒmprɪˈhɛnsɪv ˌɔːriənˈteɪʃᵊn ˈprəʊɡræmz/
(noun). thực hiện các chương trình định hướng toàn diện
The university believes that the implementation of comprehensive orientation programs is essential for
helping new students adjust to campus life.
essential study competency/ɪˈsɛnʃᵊl ˈstʌdi ˈkɒmpɪtᵊnsi/(noun). các kỹ năng học tập cơ bản
Effective note-taking is an essential study competency that every student should develop.
seek clarification/ˈsiːk ˌklærɪfɪˈkeɪʃᵊn/(verb). tìm kiếm sự giải thích rõ ràng
If you don't understand a concept, don't hesitate to seek clarification from your teacher or professor.a
culture of open communication
/ə ˈkʌlʧər ɒv ˈəʊpᵊn kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃᵊn/
(noun). văn hóa giao tiếp cởi mở
Fostering a culture of open communication can improve collaboration and understanding among team
members.
tertiary education/ˈtɜːʃəri ˌɛʤʊˈkeɪʃᵊn/(noun). giáo dục đại học
Many students aspire to pursue tertiary education as it opens up opportunities for higher-level careers.
pose a significant academic challenge/ˈpəʊz ə sɪɡˈnɪfɪkᵊnt ˌækəˈdɛmɪk ˈʧælɪnʤ/
(verb). đặt ra một thách thức học tập đáng kể
The advanced mathematics course is known to pose a significant academic challenge for students.
cultivate smaller learning communities/ˈkʌltɪveɪt ˈsmɔːlə ˈlɜːnɪŋ kəˈmjuːnətiz/
(verb). nuôi dưỡng các cộng đồng học tập nhỏ hơn
Some universities aim to cultivate smaller learning communities within their larger campuses to enhance
student engagement.
advocate open channels of communication/ˈædvəkeɪt ˈəʊpᵊn ˈʧænᵊlz ɒv kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃᵊn/
(verb). ủng hộ các kênh giao tiếp mở
The organization advocates open channels of communication between management and employees to
address concerns effectively.
thrive in their academic pursuits/θraɪv ɪn ðeər ˌækəˈdɛmɪk pəˈsjuːts/(verb). phát triển trong việc theo
đuổi học tập của họ
With determination and hard work, students can thrive in their academic pursuits and achieve their
educational goals.

Sample 2. The increase in the production of consumer goods results in damage to the natural
environment. What are the causes of this? What can be done to solve this problem?
Many people have recently taken notice that environmental erosion has been coupled with the
proliferation in the production of consumer products. I believe a large number of the environmental issues
today are the direct effect of overpopulation, hence the requirement for government intervention in the
form of sex education.

A factor behind the increased consumption of consumer products is a booming global population. As a
population grows, more natural resources are needed towards housing and infrastructure projects; this
leads to environmental degradation as forests are chopped down and fossil fuel burnt in order to cater to
the needs of extra people. The country of Vietnam, for example, has experienced a population boom in
recent years, which could be said to have contributed significantly to its major cities of Hanoi and Saigon
being ranked two of the most polluted in the world.

Thus, some argue that we must push for government intervention in education to improve sex education
and decrease birth rates. Teaching children on how to prevent unwanted pregnancies through the use of
contraception or birth control will not only help to improve the environment, but can also make the lives
of would-be parents more comfortable as well. These benefits to the population are why countries such as
India and China have launched massive campaigns to curb their population growth primarily, aimed at
educating their young citizens to be more responsible.

In conclusion, it is our responsibility to curb the emission of greenhouse gases and the depletion of our
natural resources, and we must pressure multinationals and governments into accepting this responsibility
of preventing the overpopulation that have made the issue ever more pressing.
3
(275 words)
📚 Vocabulary
Environmental erosion/ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəl ɪˈroʊʒən/(noun). Sự xói mòn của môi trường
Environmental erosion is taking place at an alarming rate.
To be coupled with/tu bi ˈkʌpəld wɪð/(verb). Xảy ra cùng với
Overproduction, coupled with falling sales, has led to huge losses for the company.
Proliferation in the production of consumer products
/ˌproʊlɪfəˈreɪʃən ɪn ðə prəˈdʌkʃən ʌv kənˈsumər ˈprɑdəkts/
(noun). Sự tăng nhanh của sản lượng hàng hóa tiêu dùng
Environmental erosion has been coupled with the proliferation in the production of consumer products.
Direct effect of overpopulation/dəˈrɛkt ɪˈfɛkt ʌv ˌoʊvərˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən/(noun). Hậu quả trực tiếp của
tình trạng quá tải dân số
A large number of the environmental issues today are the direct effect of overpopulation.
Government intervention in the form of sex education/ˈgʌvərmənt ˌɪntərˈvɛnʧən ɪn ðə fɔrm ʌv sɛks
ˌɛʤəˈkeɪʃən/
(noun). Sự can thiệp của nhà nước bằng chương trình giáo dục giới tính
Government intervention in the form of sex education would play an important role in addressing these
issues.
Booming global population/ˈbuː.mɪŋ ˈgloʊbəl ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən/
(noun). Dân số thế giới đang tăng nhanh
A factor behind the increased consumption of consumer products is a booming global population.
Housing and infrastructure projects/ˈhaʊzɪŋ ænd ˌɪnfrəˈstrʌkʧər ˈprɑʤɛkts/
(noun). Các dự án nhà ở và cơ sở hạ tầng
As a population grows, more natural resources are needed towards housing and infrastructure projects
Lead to environmental degradation
/lid tu ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəl ˌdɛgrəˈdeɪʃən/(verb). Dẫn tới sự xuống cấp của môi trường
Environmental degradation occured as forests are chopped down and fossil fuel burnt.
Cater to the needs of extra people/ˈkeɪtər tu ðə nidz ʌv ˈɛkstrə ˈpipəl/
(verb). Phục vụ cho nhu cầu của lượng người tăng thêm
More natural resources are exploited to cater to the needs of extra people.
Decrease birth rates/ˈdiˌkris bɜrθ reɪts/(verb). Giảm tỷ lệ sinh sản
We must push for government intervention in education to improve sex education and decrease birth
rates.
Prevent unwanted pregnancies/prɪˈvɛnt ənˈwɔntɪd ˈprɛgnənsiz/(verb). Ngăn việc có thai ngoài ý muốn
It's crucial for highschools to teach children how to prevent unwated pregnancies.
Contraception or birth control/ˌkɑntrəˈsɛpʃən ɔr bɜrθ kənˈtroʊl/(noun). Phương pháp phòng tránh thai
In terms of contraception of birth control, using condoms is the most common practice.
Launch massive campaigns/lɔnʧ ˈmæsɪv kæmˈpeɪnz/(verb). Triển khai các chiến dịch diện rộng
My city has just launched a massive campaign seeking to control the influence of Covid-19.
Curb their population growth/kɜrb ðɛr ˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃən groʊθ/(verb). Kiểm soát sự tăng trưởng dân số
India and China have launched massive campaigns to curb their population growth.
Emission of greenhouse gases/ɪˈmɪʃən ʌv ˈgrinˌhaʊs ˈgæsɪz/(noun). Khí thải nhà kính
It is our responsibility to curb the emission of greenhouse gases.
Depletion of our natural resources/dɪˈpliʃən ʌv ˈaʊər ˈnæʧərəl ˈrisɔrsɪz/(noun). Sự cạn kiệt của tài nguyên
thiên nhiên
Our planet is predicted to face the depletion of natural resources in the next couple of decades.
Sample 3. Nowadays, not enough students choose science subjects in university in many countries.
What are the reasons for this problem? What are the effects on society?
The declining number of university students opting for science subjects is a growing concern in many
countries worldwide. Two main reasons for this problem are the perception of science as a difficult
subject and the lack of career prospects. This trend has significant implications for society, including a
shortage of skilled professionals in technology and limited economic growth.

One of the primary reasons students are not choosing science subjects in university is the perception that
science is complex. This perception is compounded by the fact that science subjects often require much
independent study, which can be daunting for students who prefer a more structured learning
environment. Another factor contributing to the decline in science students is the need for more career
4
prospects. In most developing countries, graduates often struggle to find suitable job opportunities, such
as researchers or astronomers, as the main focus of those countries is still the economy. This lack of
career prospects can deter students from choosing science subjects and opting for other less intimidating
majors.

The decline in science students has significant implications for society. First, there may be a need for
more skilled professionals in science and technology, as fewer students are graduating in these areas. This
could hinder innovation and progress, leading to a lack of new ideas and advancements. This could have
severe consequences in areas such as healthcare, where technological advancements are critical to
providing better treatments. Second, this limited innovation in science and technology could hamper
economic growth, as innovation and technological progress are essential drivers of economic
development. The lack of technical skills in the workforce could lead to poorer quality products and
services, decreasing demand and profitability.

In conclusion, the stereotype of science as a complicated subject and the lack of employment
opportunities are the two fundamental causes of dropping science students. This trend has substantial
societal ramifications, including a scarcity of competent technology experts and hindered economic
development.

(320 words)
Vocabulary
perception/pəˈsɛpʃᵊn/(noun). sự nhận thức
Your perception of the situation may differ from mine.
career prospect/kəˈrɪə ˈprɒspɛkt/(noun). triển vọng nghề nghiệp
The job market for healthcare professionals is growing rapidly, making it an excellent career prospect.
implication/ˌɪmplɪˈkeɪʃᵊn/(noun). ý nghĩa
The implication of your decision could have serious consequences.
compound/ˈkɒmpaʊnd/verb). trở nên phức tạp
The problems were compounded by severe food shortages.
daunting/ˈdɔːntɪŋ/(adj). nhàm chán
She has the daunting task of cooking for 20 people every day.
a structured learning environment/ə ˈstrʌkʧəd ˈlɜːnɪŋ ɪnˈvaɪərənmənt/
(noun). một môi trường học tập có quy trình giảng dạy được soạn sẵn
Many students thrive in a structured learning environment with clear expectations and guidelines.
deter/dɪˈtɜː/(verb). ngăn chặn
The warning signs are intended to deter people from swimming in the dangerous waters.
intimidating majors/ɪnˈtɪmɪdeɪtɪŋ ˈmeɪʤəz./
(noun). những chuyên ngành đáng sợ
Some students find engineering and science intimidating majors.
hinder/ˈhaɪndə/(verb). cản trở
The bad weather could hinder our travel plans.
hamper/ˈhæmpə/(verb). cản trở
The broken elevator will hamper our ability to move heavy items.
essential drivers/ɪˈsɛnʃəl ˈdraɪvəz/
(noun). những động lực cần thiết
Innovation and creativity are essential drivers of economic growth.
stereotype/ˈstɛrɪətaɪp/(noun). định kiến
There's always been a stereotype about successful businessmen.
competent technology experts/ˈkɒmpɪtənt tɛkˈnɒləʤi ˈɛkspɜːts/
(noun). những chuyên gia công nghệ có năng lực
The company hired a team of competent technology experts to improve its digital infrastructure.
Sample 4. In many countries, people throw away a lot of food from restaurants and shops. Why do
you think people waste food in this way? What can be done to reduce the amount of food thrown
away?
Much edible food is lost or wasted in many nations. While several factors contribute to this issue, it is still
manageable with some creative problem-solving.

5
The leading causes of food waste are inadequate planning on the side of consumers and excessive food
preparation in the service industry. Occasionally, individuals must thoroughly anticipate when and how it
will be consumed to purchase large quantities of food. As a result of their busy job and appointment
schedules, individuals often adjust their meal preparation plans or neglect to utilize food on time.
Secondly, most restaurants, hotels, and the food service business tend to create excess food. While the
intention is commendable, particularly in anticipation of many customers and to avoid running out of
available food, over-preparation often causes food waste if all the food is unsold.

There are some viable options available to remedy this situation. In order to reduce food waste, it is
essential to maintain a balance between food supply and demand. Risk management systems using AI
predictions should be used in hotels, restaurants, and the food service industry to identify the optimal
amount of food to prepare. The second strategy should emphasize creating technologies and production
systems that enhance storage, harvesting, processing, and distribution. Redistribution may be the principal
strategy for providing or allocating more food to regions with a need and reducing the food supply in
regions with an overabundance.

In conclusion, food waste is increasing due to insufficient planning on the part of customers and
unnecessary food preparation in the service industry. Nevertheless, the issue is solvable with the use of
modern technology.

(267 words)
edible food/ˈɛdəbəl fud/(noun). thực phẩm ăn được
Much edible food is wasted in many nations.
problem-solving/ˈprɑbləm-ˈsɑlvɪŋ/(noun). tỉm kiếm giải pháp
He advertises himself as a guy who can develop problem-solving skills and strategies.
excess/ˈɛkˌsɛs/(adj). thặng dư, dư thừa
Excess food is stored as fat.
commendable/kəˈmɛndəbəl/(adj). đáng khen ngợi
She showed commendable loyalty to the family firm.
remedy/ˈrɛmədi/(verb). khắc phục
Nobody wants to remedy relationship problems.
a balance between food supply and demand/ə ˈbæləns bɪˈtwin fud səˈplaɪ ænd dɪˈmænd/
(noun). sự cân bằng giữa cung và cầu thực phẩm
It is essential to maintain a balance between food supply and demand.
redistribution/ˌridɪstrəˈbjuʃən/(noun). phân phối lại
Redistribution may be the principal strategy for providing or allocating more food to regions with a need.
overabundance/ˈoʊvərəˈbʌndəns/(noun). sự dư thừa
Reducing the food supply in regions with an overabundance is advised to reduce food waste.
Sample 5. People aim to achieve a balance between their work and lives. But few people achieve it.
What are the causes of problems? How to overcome it?
The rapid speed of advancement in human lives has led us to the dilemma of maintaining the equilibrium
between working and living. This essay would delve into the reason why many people encounter the
failure of balancing those aforementioned aspects and propose certain solutions to deal with the problem.

The unattainable goals of stabilizing work and life can be attributed to financial and social pressure as
well as household responsibilities that one has to fulfill. Chief among these is that people are working in a
goal-oriented way to make ends meet which imposes tremendous strain that they have to suffer. This can
be explained by the fear of being heavily in debt or not having a decent life in the future once they stop
working. Also, social recognition has created a burden that most individuals have to shoulder. Working
arduously and continuously to climb to a higher position on the career ladder has been the ultimate goal
of employees due to their obsession with acknowledgment from society. Concerning the second reason, a
myriad of domestic duties such as taking care of children and parents has led to the insufficient amount of
time allocated for individuals themselves. The shortage of time for relaxation and recharging energy has
contributed to the impossibility of balancing work and life for most people.

Fortunately, the efficient working approach and the sharing of household responsibilities can be applied
to address those problems. With regard to the former, people should modify their working style, from
laboriously to efficiently and productively by means of multitasking. For example, waiting time in
6
commuting by public transport can be used to check emails, plan personal schedules or revise reports.
Turning to the second idea, family members are encouraged to share household chores with each other to
lighten the burden that one has to carry. In this way, everyone would have more time to cater to their
favorite pastimes such as watching a movie or journaling after working hours.

In conclusion, people cannot achieve the goal of balancing working and living due to the pressure of
maintaining a stable financial state as well as projecting a positive image to meet the requirements of
society. However, the modification in working styles and the division of household work could be
plausible to solve the problem.

(382 words)
Vocabulary
dilemma/dɪˈlɛmə/
(noun). tình trạng khó xử, thế tiến thoái lưỡng nan
The President is clearly in a dilemma about how to tackle the crisis.
the equilibrium between working and living/ði ˌiːkwɪˈlɪbrɪəm bɪˈtwiːn ˈwɜːkɪŋ ænd ˈlɪvɪŋ/
(noun). sự cân bằng giữa làm việc và sống
The rapid speed of advancement in human lives has led us to the dilemma of maintaining the equilibrium
between working and living.
goal-oriented/gəʊl-ˈɔːriəntɪd/(adj). mục tiêu định hướng
He is goal-oriented and driven by results.
to impose tremendous strain/tuː ɪmˈpəʊz trɪˈmɛndəs streɪn/
(verb). áp đặt nhiều căng thẳng
Chief among these is that people are working in a goal-oriented way to make end meets which imposes
tremendous strain that they have to suffer.
social recognition/ˈsəʊʃəl ˌrɛkəgˈnɪʃən/
(noun). công nhận xã hội
Social recognition, or peer-to-peer recognition, is the act of employees empowering and acknowledging
one another for great work.
the career ladder/ðə kəˈrɪə ˈlædə/
(noun). các bậc thang nghề nghiệp
If someone has a good work ethic, they should move up the career ladder.
obsession with acknowledgment from society/əbˈsɛʃən wɪð əkˈnɒlɪʤmənt frɒm səˈsaɪəti/
(noun). ám ảnh về sự thừa nhận từ xã hội
Working arduously and continuously to climb to a higher position on the career ladder has been the
ultimate goal of employees due to their obsession with acknowledgment from society.
to recharge energy/tuː riːˈʧɑːʤ ˈɛnəʤi/(verb). nạp năng lượng
In order to start a good day in Águilas, there is nothing better than a good breakfast to recharge energy
and begin a day full of flavour and vitality.
multitasking/ˌmʌltɪˈtɑːskɪŋ/noun). đa nhiệm
Women are traditionally supposed to be good at multitasking.
to share household chores/tuː ʃeə ˈhaʊshəʊld ʧɔːz/(verb). chia sẻ công việc gia đình
It’s important for you and your partner to evenly share household chores to maintain fairness in the
relationship.
to lighten the burden/tuː ˈlaɪtn ðə ˈbɜːdn/(verb). giảm nhẹ gánh nặng
Family members are encouraged to share household chores with each other to lighten the burden that one
has to carry.
Sample 6. Major cities in the world are growing fast, as well as their problems. What are the problems
that young people living in those cities are facing? Suggest some solutions.
Increased industrialization has led to the proliferation of young people moving from the countryside to
cities. However, the growth of cities has created many social problems. In this essay, I will highlight
some of these problems as well as ways to combat them.

The increasing rates of suicide and homelessness could be the main problems of social rapid
development. It is true that higher rates of suicide have gone hand in hand with the rise of cities. This is
because of the extreme amount of stress originating in harsh competition in working environments that
exists within cities. Another common issue with cities is homelessness. The more people move to the
cities, the more unaffordable prices of houses in the central area become. This leads to a high
7
concentration of homeless within cities such as London or New York. Also, as automation increases
within cities, it is likely that there will be a higher rate of unemployment. Hence, the problem of
homelessness will likely persist.

Possible solutions to solving these problems may include the provision of access to more mental health
services and the relocation of industrial zones to the suburbs. Chief among these is that more funds should
be allocated to the healthcare system or passing legislation that would make it mandatory for companies
and schools to provide assistance to those with psychological problems. Regarding the latter solutions,
urgent actions should be taken to move major industries to the outskirts, which consequently prevents
people from migrating to cities and hence lower the homelessness rate in metropolises.

In conclusion, there have been many problems that have been associated with the rise of cities, such as
higher suicide rates and homelessness. Nonetheless, there are steps that can be taken to help remedy these
issues.
(292 words)
Vocabulary
increased industrialization/ɪnˈkriːst ɪnˌdʌstrɪəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/
(noun). tăng cường công nghiệp hóa
Increased industrialization cannot be encouraged without considering the account of climate change and
its consequences.
proliferation/prəʊˌlɪfəˈreɪʃən/(noun). sự tăng nhanh, phát triển vượt bậc
The proliferation of social media platforms has meant people can be constantly in touch in a variety of
ways.
increasing rates of suicide/ɪnˈkriːsɪŋ reɪts ɒv ˈsjʊɪsaɪd/(noun). tỷ lệ tự tử ngày càng tăng
Increasing rates of suicide mortality in Japan were triggered by the economic crisis of the late 1990s.
extreme amount of stress/ɪksˈtriːm əˈmaʊnt ɒv strɛs/
(noun). mức độ căng thẳng tột độ
An extreme amount of stress can have health consequences, affecting the immune, cardiovascular and
neuroendocrine and central nervous systems.
harsh competition in working environments/hɑːʃ ˌkɒmpɪˈtɪʃən ɪn ˈwɜːkɪŋ ɪnˈvaɪərənmənts/
(noun). cạnh tranh khắc nghiệt trong môi trường làm việc
High rates of suicide are caused by an extreme amount of stress originating in harsh competition in
working environments.
unaffordable/ˌʌnəˈfɔːdəbl/
(adj). không đủ khả năng chi trả
Health insurance is now unaffordable for many people.
a high concentration of homeless/ə haɪ ˌkɒnsənˈtreɪʃən ɒv ˈhəʊmlɪs/
(noun). tập trung đông người vô gia cư
A high concentration of homeless individuals is living in dirty environments with little resources for
personal hygiene.
mental health services/ˈmɛntl hɛlθ ˈsɜːvɪsɪz/(noun). dịch vụ sức khỏe tinh thần
The lack of mental health services is particularly acute in remote provinces.
relocation of industrial zones/ˌriːləʊˈkeɪʃən ɒv ɪnˈdʌstrɪəl zəʊnz/(noun). di dời các khu công nghiệp
Projects on the relocation of industrial zones should motivate and support economic entities.
to allocate/tuː ˈæləʊkeɪt/(verb). phân bổ
We need to determine the best way to allocate our resources.
psychological problem/ˌsaɪkəˈlɒʤɪkəl ˈprɒbləm/(noun). vấn đề tâm lý
The current research found that having more than a secondary level of education had two times more to
develop the psychological problem as compared to those who had primary level education.