ARTICULATORY PHONETICS

Articulatory phonetics is concerned with describing how the speech sounds are produced
I.e., articulated by the upper respiratory tract.

What is the upper respiratory tract?

It includes: the nose, the pharynx, the larynx and the mouth.

It should be noted that the production of any speech sound involves the movement of an air
stream. Most speech sounds are produced by pushing air from the lungs out of the body
through the mouth or sometimes through the nose.

All the sounds of English are produced by a pulmonic egressive airstream mechanism:

1-Because lung air is used, these sounds are called pulmonic sounds.
2-Because the air stream is pushed out, rather than sucked in, the sounds are called
egressive sounds.

Speech sounds fall into 2 categories: CONSONANTS and VOWELS.

A) Description of consonants:
When describing consonants, it is necessary to give information about 3 aspects of their
articulation:
1- Is the consonant voiced or voiceless?
2- Where is the consonant produced? (Place of articulation)
3- How is the sound produced? (Manner of articulation)