Din en 10252

D EUTSCHE NORM May 1997
Magnetic materials
Methods of measurement of magnetic properties of magnetic {
steel sheet and strip at medium frequencies
English version of DIN EN 10252 EN 10252
ICS 29.030; 77.140.50
Descriptors : Steel, magnetic steel, testing.
Magnetische Werkstoffe – Verfahren zur Messung der magnetischen Eigenschaften von Elektroblech und -band bei
mittleren Frequenzen
European Standard EN 10252 : 1997 has the status of a DIN Standard.
A comma is used as the decimal marker.
National foreword
This standard has been prepared by ECISS/TC 24.
The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Deutsche Elektrotechnische Kommission im DIN und
VDE (German Electrotechnical Commission of DIN and VDE), Technical Committee Verfahren zur Bestimmung der
Eigenschaften magnetischer Werkstoffe.
This standard is based on IEC 404-10.
National Annex NA
Standard referred to
(and not included in Normative references)
IEC 404-10 Magnetic materials – Part 10: Methods of measurement of magnetic properties of magnetic steel sheet and
strip at medium frequencies
Normen-Download-Beuth-Eurotranciatura SPA-ID.FIB4VNUHSSD9C1OEDNIQBP3W.2-2019-01-28 17:41:37
EN comprises 23 pages.
© No part of this standard may be reproduced without the prior permission of Ref. No. DIN EN 10252 : 1997-05
DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V., Berlin. English price group 08 Sales No. 1108
Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin, has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen). 01.98
EN 10252
January 1997
ICS 29.040.10; 77.140.50
Descriptors : Steel, magnetic steel, testing.
English version
Magnetic materials
Methods of measurement of magnetic properties of magnetic steel
sheet and strip at medium frequencies
Matériaux magnétiques – Méthodes de Magnetische Werkstoffe – Verfahren zur

mesure des propriétés magnétiques à Messung der magnetischen Eigenschaf-
fréquences moyennes des tôles et feuil- ten von Elektroblech und -band bei
lards magnétiques en acier mittleren Frequenzen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1995-05-13.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard
without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be
obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
The European Standards exist in three official versions (English, French, German). A version
in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into
its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway,
Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom.
|
European Committee for Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation
Europäisches Komitee für Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels
© 1997. CEN – All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means Ref. No. EN 10252 : 1997 E
reserved worldwide for CEN national members.
Page 2
EN 10252 : 1997
Contents Page
Foreword 2
1 Scope 3
2 Normative references 3
3 Accuracy and reproducibility 3
4 General conditions for a.c. measurements made with the 25 em Epstein frame 4
5 Determination of specific total loss by the wattmeter method 9
6 Determination of magnetic field strength, excitation current and specific apparent

power 14
Annexes 23
A (informative) Epstein frame for use at medium frequencies 23
Foreword
This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ECISS/TC 24 "Electrical
steel and strip qualitiees - Qualities, dimensions, tolerances and specific tests", the secretariat
of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard is technically in accordance with IEC 404-10, with some editorial
amendments.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication
of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 1997, and conflicting national
standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 1997.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations

of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium,
Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Page 3
EN 10252 : 1997
1 Scope
This European Standard is applicable to electrical steel sheet and strip for the construction
of magnetic circuits for use in the frequency range 400 Hz to 10 000 Hz.
This European Standard specifies the following methods for the measurement of magnetic
properties of electrical steel sheet and strip:
- a.c. measurements made with the 25 em Epstein frame;
- determination of specific total losses by the wattmeter method;
- determination of magnetic field strength excitation and currenCand specific apparent

power.
NOTE. The informative annex A gives the calculation method for the supplementary
loss arising from the use of the Epstein frame at medium frequencies.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and
the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or
revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when
incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the
publication referred to applies.
IEC 50 (221) International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (lEV), Chapter 221: Magnetism

3 Accuracy and reproducibility
The final accuracy of the test apparatus is a complex function dependent on the measuring
instruments and other features of the measuring environment and equipment components;
therefore, it is not always possible to state the absolute accuracy which can be attained.
Moreover, experience in the use of a given method indicates the reproducibility which can
be expected. Whenever the drafting Technical Committee has agreed upon reproducibility
values, these have been given in this standard.
Page 4
EN 10252 : 1997
4 General conditions for a.c. measurements made with the 25 em Epstein frame
4.1 Scope
This clause specifies the general conditions for the determination of a.c. magnetic properties
of electrical steel sheet and strip by means of the 25 em Epstein frame.
The use of the 25 em Epstein frame is applicable to flat strip specimens obtained from
electrical sheets and strips of any quality. The magnetic properties are determined for a
sinusoidal induced voltage.
The measurements are made at an ambient temperature of 23 oc ± 5 oc on test specimens

which have first been demagnetized.
4.2 Principle of the 25 em Epstein frame method
The 25 em Epstein frame, which comprises a primary winding, a secondary winding and the
specimen to be tested as a core, forms an unloaded transformer whose properties are
measured by the methods described in the following clauses.
At the higher end of the frequency range a specially constructed Epstein frame (see annex
A) may be required in which the interwinding capacitances are low and the material of the
winding formers supporting the solenoids has a low dielectric loss.
A separate measuring system (for example a commercially available universal bridge capable
of measuring resistance, capacitance and inductance) is required to determine the
interwinding capacitance of the Epstein frame
4.3 Test specimens
The magnetic circuit shall be made up of a core constructed with the strips to be tested,
assembled in a square having double-lapped joints (see figure 1) to form four branches of
equal length and equal cross-sectional area.
Page 5
EN 10252 : 1997
Figure 1. Double-lapped joints
The strips shall be sampled in accordance with the product standard. They shall be cut by
a method which will produce clean burr-free edges. They shall have the following
dimensions:
-width b = 30 mm ± 0,2 mm;

- length l such that 280 mm ~ l ~ 500 mm, the strips being of the same length
within a tolerance of ± 0,5 mm.
For specimens of length greater than 305 mm, care shall be taken to avoid bending the strips
during the test.
When the strips are cut parallel or normal to the direction of rolling, the edge of the parent
sheet shall be taken as the reference direction.
The following tolerances shall be allowed for the angle between the direction of rolling and
that of cutting:
± 1 o for grain-oriented steel sheet;

± 5o for non-oriented steel sheet;
Only flat strips shall be used. Measurements shall be made without additional insulation.
The number of strips forming a test specimen shall be not less than twelve and shall be a
multiple of four. A force of 1 N ± 0,1 N shall be applied to each corner, normal to the
plane of the overlapping strips.
Page 6
EN 10252 : 1997
4.4 25 em Epstein frame
The 25 em Epstein frame (hereafter referred to as the "Epstein frame") shall consist of four
solenoids which are practically identical into which the test specimen strips are introduced
in such a manner that a closed magnetic circuit is formed (see figure 2).
280mm
220 +6 mm
190 min.
--- ---
t t
I I
lm=0,94m ./
H I
I I
I I
I I
+t- - ----- +
Figure 2: 25 em Epstein frame
If measurements are to be made under the conditions specified in 4.5, a mutual inductor shall
be provided for air flux compensation.
The winding formers supporting the solenoids shall be made of hard insulating material of
low dielectric loss, such as polystyrene, and have a rectangular cross-section and an inner
width of 32 mm. A height of about 5 mm will be sufficient and is recommended.
Page 7
EN 10252 : 1997
The solenoids shall be mounted on a non-conducting and non-magnetic base plate in a square
arrangement. Each side of the inner square formed by the test specimen strips shall have a
length of 220 ~~ mm (figure 2).
In order to avoid undue wear of the winding formers and especially of their inner surfaces,
winding formers of larger cross-section can be used into which replaceable liners of
appropriate dimensions may be inserted.
Each solenoid comprises two windings:
- a primary winding (magnetizing winding):
- a secondary winding (voltage winding).
The windings on each solenoid shall be evenly distributed over a length of at least 190 mm,
with each solenoid carrying one-fourth of the total number of turns. The individual primary
windings of the four solenoids shall be connected in series, and the secondary individual
windings shall be connected in a similar fashion.
At high frequencies, the loss due to the capacitance between the primary and secondary
windings and also the self-capacitance of the secondary winding could be significant. The
windings shall be spaced to minimize this loss.
The capacitance between the windings and the self-capacitance of the secondary winding shall
be measured. If necessary, a correction shall be applied for the loss introduced.
The number of turns of the primary and secondary windings shall be chosen to suit the
particular conditions of the power supply, instrumentation and measuring frequency.
A total of 200 turns for each of the primary and secondary windings is recommended and
is commonly used for tests in the frequency range 400Hz to 10 000 Hz.
The impedance of the windings shall be sufficiently small to avoid waveform distortion and
minimize internal voltage drops.
The effective length lm of the magnetic path in this test equipment is conventionally taken as
0,94 m. This value shall be used.
Page 8
EN 10252 : 1997
Consequently, the effective mass, i.e. the magnetically active mass of the test specimen, is
given by the equation:
(1)
where:
ma = effective mass of test specimen, in kilogrammes

m = mass of test specimen, in kilogrammes
[m = conventional effective magnetic path length, in metres
l = length of a test specimen strip, in metres
4.5 Air flux compensation
A correction for air flux shall be made for field strengths greater than or equal to 1000 Aim.
For low frequencies (less than or equal to 1000 Hz) a mutual inductor may be used to
compensate for the air flux.
The mutual inductance of the compensator shall be adjusted to be the same as that of the
windings of the empty Epstein frame. Thus when the windings are properly connected, the
voltage induced in the secondary winding of the mutual inductor by the primary current
compensates for the voltage induced in the secondary winding of the empty Epstein frame
by the flux attributed to the primary current.
4.6 Power supply
The source shall be of low internal impedance and shall be highly stable in terms of voltage
and frequency. During the measurement, the variation of voltage and the variation of
frequency shall not exceed ± 0,2 % of the specified value. The form factor of the secondary
induced voltage shall be maintained within ± 1 % of 1.111 (this can be achieved by various
means, e.g. electronic feedback amplifiers).
The form factor of the secondary voltage is the quotient of the r.m.s. value and the average
rectified value. The former is measured by an r.m.s. volmeter, such as a moving iron
instrument and the latter by an average type voltmeter, such as a rectifier-type instrument.
NOTE. When a negative feedback amplifier is used for the supply it may be
necessary to observe the waveform of the secondary induced voltage on an
oscilloscope to ensure that the waveform of the fundamental frequency is being
produced.
Page 9
EN 10252 : 1997
V1 measures average rectified voltage
V2 measures r.m.s. voltage
Mc mutual inductor
E Epstein frame
Page 10
EN 10252 : 1997
5.3 Apparatus
5.3.1 Voltage measurement
5.3.1.1 Average type voltmeter
The average value of the secondary rectified voltage of the Epstein frame shall be measured
with an average type voltmeter of accuracy 0,5 % or better (e.g. a rectifier type digital
voltmeter).
NOTE. Instruments of this type are usually graduated m average rectified value
multiplied by 1, 111.
The load on the secondary circuit of the network shall be as small as possible. Consequently,
the internal resistance of the average type voltmeter shall be at least 1000 fJ/V.
5.3.1.2 R.M.S voltmeter
A voltmeter of accuracy 0,5 % or better shall be used, e.g. a r.m.s. sensing digital
voltmeter.
5.3.2 Current measurement
The primary current may be measured by either:
- a class 1 ammeter or better of low impedance; or
- measuring the voltage drop across a non-inductive precision resistor connected in

series with the primary winding. The combined uncertainties of the resistor and the
voltmeter shall not exceed 1 %.
The ammeter and the precision resistor, respectively, shall be short-circuited when the
secondary voltage is adjusted and the losses are measured.
5.3.3 Frequency measurement
A frequency meter of accuracy 0. 2 % or better shall be used.
5.3.4 Power measurement
The power shall be measured by a wattmeter of accuracy 0, 5 % or better at the frequency,

power factor, and crest factor to be used. Readings in the first quarter of the scale shall be
avoided as far as possible.
Page 11
EN 10252 : 1997
The resistance of the voltage circuit of the wattmeter shall be greater than or equal to 100
fl/V for all ranges. If necessary the losses in the secondary circuit shall be subtracted from
the indicated loss value.
Moreover, the ohmic resistance of the voltage circuit shall be at least 5000 times the
reactance, unless the wattmeter is compensated for the latter, to avoid corrections of phase
angle.
5.4 Measuring procedure
5.4.1 Preparation for measurement
The test specimen shall be weighted and its mass determined within ± 0, 1 %. After
weighing, the strips shall be loaded into the solenoids of the Epstein frame with double-
lapped joints at the comers. In the case of strips which are cut half in the direction of rolling
and half normal to that direction, care shall be taken that all the strips cut in the direction
of rolling are placed in the two other opposite arms. The joints shall form a minimum gap
between the strips. The strips shall be positioned so as to conform to the requirements of 4.4.
The number of strips shall be the same in each solenoid.
Before measurement, the test specimen shall be demagnetized by a decreasing alternating

magnetic field.
5.4.2 Source setting
The source shall be adjusted so that the average rectified value of the secondary voltage is:
(2)
where
[V;l = average value of secondary rectified voltage, in volts;
f = frequency in hertz;
Ri = combined equivalent resistance of the secondary windings of Epstein
frame and mutual inductor, in ohms;
Rt - series resistance of the secondary windings of Epstein frame and
mutual indicator, in ohms.
N2 - number of turns of the secondary winding;
A - cross-section of test specimen, in square metres;
j = peak value of magnetic polarization, in teslas.
Page 12
EN 10252 : 1997
The cross-section A is obtained by the equation
A -m- (3)
4lpm
where:
m = mass of test specimen, in kilogrammes;

l length of a test specimen strip, in metres;
Pm - density of the test material, in kilogrammes per cubic metre.
5.4.3 Measurements
The ammeter in the primary circuit shall be observed to ensure that the current circuit of the
wattmeter is not overloaded. Then the ammeter shall be short-circuited and the secondary
voltage readjusted. After checking the waveform of the secondary voltage in compliance with
4. 6, the wattmeter shall be read.
NOTE. To avoid undue heating of the test specimen and to facilitate reproducibility,
measurements should be made as quickly as possible after energizing the Epstein
frame. The specimen should be allowed to cool between readings.
5.5 Determination of specific total loss
The power Pm measured by the wattmeter includes the power consumed by the instruments
in the secondary circuit, which to a first approximation is equal to (1, Ill ID;] )2/Ri since
the secondary voltage is essentially sinusoidal.
Thus, the total loss Pc of the test specimen shall be calculated from the equation:
(4)
where:
= calculated total loss of test specimen, in watts;
power measured by the wattmeter, in watts;

Page 13
EN 10252 : 1997
N, = number of turns of the primary winding;
N = number of turns of the secondary winding;
Ri = combined equivalent resistance of the instruments in the secondary

circuit, in ohms;
~ = average value of secondary rectified voltage, in volts.
The specific total loss Ps shall be obtained by dividing Pc by the effective mass of the test
specimen, see 4.4.
(5)
where:
= specific total loss of test specimen, in watts per kilogramme (corrected

if necessary) for flux waveform distortion according to 4.6.
m = mass of test specimen, in kilogrammes;
ma = effective mass of test specimen, in kilogrammes;
l = length of a test specimen, in metres;
/m = conventional effective magnetic path length, in metres Urn= 0,94 m).

5.6 Reproducibility
The reproducibility of the results obtained from this method is characterized by a relative
standard deviation in the range between 2 % and 5 %, the value of this standard deviation
depending on the frequency and the magnetic polarization which are used.
Page 14
EN 10252 : 1997
V
Epstein frame
measures rectified voltage

Page 15
EN 10252 : 1997
6.2.3 Peak value of magnetic field strength
The peak value of magnetic field strength shall be derived from the peak value 11 of the
primary current measured by one of the following methods:
Method A
The peak value 11 shall be determined by measuring the voltage drop across a known
precision resistor R" using a peak voltmeter as shown in figure 5.
Figure 5. Circuit for measuring peak value of magnetic field strength using a peak
voltmeter
Page 16
EN 10252 : 1997
E
V
Epstein frame
mutual inductor
measures rectified voltage
Page 17
EN 10252 : 1997
6.3.2 Cu"ent measurement
The r.m.s. value of the primary current shall be measured either by means of an r.m.s.
ammeter of low impedance of class 0,5 or better, or by using a precision resistor and r.m.s.
electronic voltmeter.
6.3.3 Peak cu"ent measurement
The measurement of the peak voltage across resistor R" according to method A shall be
achieved either by means of an electronic voltmeter of high sensitivity indicating the peak
value, or by means of a calibrated oscilloscope . The full-scale error of the device used shall
be ± 3 % or better.
6.3.4 Resistor R..

Method A requires a precision non-inductive resistor of a value known to within ± 0,5 %.
The resistance value to be chosen depends upon the sensitivity of the peak voltmeter. It shall
not exceed 1 0 when using an Epstein frame with N 1 = 200 turns in order to minimize
distortion of the induced voltage waveform .
6.3.5 Mutual inductor M
The mutual inductor of the circuit shown in figure 6 shall be calibrated and its value M
known to within ± 0,5 %; the primary impedance of this inductor shall be as low as
possible. To minimise errors, the secondary impedance of the inductor shall be low compared
to that of the measuring instrument connected to it.
During calibration and use of the inductor, care shall be taken that measurements will not
be affected by the leakage flux of the Epstein frame or other apparatus.
6.4 Measuring procedure

6.4.1 Preparation for measurement
The same as for the determination of specific total loss described in 5.4.1.
6.4.2 Measurement
In practice, single values or groups of values of magnetic polarization (}) and magnetic field
strength ( H or fi ) are determined.

Page 18
EN 10252 : 1997
If the magnetic field strength is specified and magnetic polarization is to be determined, the
primary current shall be set to give the relevant magnetic field strength (see below). Then
the secondary voltage of the Epstein frame shall be read on the average type voltmeter (see
5.4.2).
Alternatively, if the magnetic polarization is specified and magnetic field strength is to be

determined, the secondary voltage shall be set to its specified value as described in 5.4.2.
For the determination of H , the r.m.s. value of the primary current shall be read on the
ammeter.
For the determination of H, according to method A, the peak value of the voltage drop across
resistor Rn shall be read on the peak voltmeter.
According to method B, the average rectified voltage at the secondary winding of the mutual
inductor shall be read on the average type voltmeter.
6.5 Determination of characteristics
6.5.1 Determination of J
The peak value of the magnetic polarization is given by the equation:
(6)
To obtain fD;I the voltmeter reading shall be corrected by the factor:

where:
j = peak value of the magnetic polarization, in teslas;
f = frequency, in hertz;
Page 19
EN 10252 : 1997
Nz = number of turns of the secondary winding of the Epstein frame;
A = cross-section of test specimen, in square metres;
Rv - voltmeter internal resistance, in ohms;
Rt = series resistance of the secondary winding of the Epstein frame and

mutual inductor, in ohms;
~ = average rectified value of the electromotive force induced in the

secondary windings of the Epstein frame and the air flux compensator,
in volts.
6.5.2 Determination of H
The r.m.s. value of magnetic field strength shall be calculated from the r.m.s. value of
primary current indicated by the ammeter according to the circuit of figure 4.
(7)
where:
H = r.m.s. value of magnetic field strength, in amperes per metre:
N, = number of turns of the primary winding of the Epstein frame;

/m = conventional effective magnetic path length, in metres Urn = 0,94 m);
l, = r.m.s. value of primary current in amperes.

Page 20
EN 10252 : 1997
After several groups of corresponding values of J and H have been determined, a
magnetization curve of J against H can be drawn.
6.5.3 Determination of fi
If measuring method A has been used, the peak value of magnetic field strength shall be
calculated from the reading OR of the peak voltmeter:
il= (8)
where:
ii = peak value of magnetic field strength, in amperes per metre;
resistance value of the precision resistor in figure 5 in ohms:
peak voltage drop across Rn , in volts.
In the case of measuring method B, H shall be calculated from the reading Om of the average
rectifier type voltmeter (but see note to 6.2.3) in conjunction with the mutual inductor M:
(9)
where:
M = mutual inductance in the circuit given in figure 6, in henries;
Rm = resistance of the secondary windings of M, in ohms;
Rv = internal resistance of the average type voltmeter, in ohms;
~ = average rectified value of the secondary induced voltage, of M, m

volts.
Page 21
EN 10252 : 1997
After several groups of corresponding values of 1 and fi have been determined, a

magnetization curve J against fi can be drawn.
NOTE. The amplitude permeability may be conventionally expressed as:
+ 1
6.5.4 Determination of the specific apparent power Ss
The apparent power is given by:
(10)
NOTE. The relation U2 = 1, 111 . [V;I is valid only for sinusoidal voltages.
Where:
s = apparent power, in voltamperes;
= r.m.s. value of secondary voltage of the Epstein frame, in volts.
Division of this quantity by the effective mass rna, in accordance with equation (1), gives the
specific apparent power:
11.1,111.fV;l.4lN1
ss s = (11)
rna ml,/'12
where:
ss = specific apparent power, in voltampers per kilogramme;
l = length of a test specimen strip, in metres;
m = total mass of test specimen, in kilogrammes;

Page 22
EN 10252 : 1997
ma = effective mass of test specimen, in kilogrammes;
~ = average rectified value of secondary induced voltage, in volts;
Nt = total number of turns of Epstein primary winding;
N2 = total number of turns of Epstein secondary winding;
fm = conventional effective magnetic path length, in metres (lm = 0,94 m);

II = r.m.s. value of primary current, in amperes.
6.6 Reproducibility
The reproducibility of the results obtained from this method depends essentially upon the
error of the instruments used for the measurement, and upon careful attention to the physical
details of the test equipment. When using instruments of class 0,5, the reproducibility of the
method is characterized by a relative standard deviation ofthe order of 3 %.
Page 23
EN 10252 : 1997
Annexes
Annex A (informative)
Epstein frame for use at medium frequencies
At medium frequencies, the energy loss arising from the dielectric loss of the material used
for the winding formers and from the interwinding capacitance of the Epstein frame becomes
significant.
The dielectric loss can be reduced to a negligible proportion by selecting a material of low
permitivity. Polystyrene is such a material and may easily be cut and cemented to provide
the required formers, terminal posts and baseplate of the Epstein frame.
Since measurements at medium frequencies are usually restricted to low loss material
operating at comparatively low magnetic polarization it is possible to reduce the number of
turns and diameter of wire of the windings. In addition, by making the primary and secondary
a spaced bifilar single layer winding, with equal spaces between the primary and secondary
turns, the interwinding capacitance can be reduced to a minimum.
For an Epstein frame constructed in accordance with 4.4 and the above recommendations,
the interwinding capacitance for 200 turns of 0,125 mm diameter wire in both the primary
and secondary windings has been found to be approximately 300 pF and the resistance of
each winding approximately 3,5 fl.
The additional loss introduced by this capacitance is given by:
flP = 1,11 (12)

where:
flP additional loss, in watts;
1 + 2rr.JCRi
= combined equivalent resistance of the instruments in ohms;
c = interwinding capacitance, in farads.
At low magnetic polarizations this quantity will probably be negligible, but if it reaches
significant proportions then it should be deducted from the loss Pc calculated according to the
equation in 5. 5.

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D EUTSCHE NORM May 1997

Descriptors : Steel, magnetic steel, testing.

European Standard EN 10252 : 1997 has the status of a DIN Standard.

A comma is used as the decimal marker.

ICS 29.040.10; 77.140.50

Descriptors : Steel, magnetic steel, testing.

Matériaux magnétiques – Méthodes de Magnetische Werkstoffe – Verfahren zur

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1995-05-13.

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels

3 Accuracy and reproducibility 3

5 Determination of specific total loss by the wattmeter method 9

6 Determination of magnetic field strength, excitation current and specific apparent

A (informative) Epstein frame for use at medium frequencies 23

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations

- a.c. measurements made with the 25 em Epstein frame;

- determination of specific total losses by the wattmeter method;

- determination of magnetic field strength excitation and currenCand specific apparent

IEC 50 (221) International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (lEV), Chapter 221: Magnetism

3 Accuracy and reproducibility

The measurements are made at an ambient temperature of 23 oc ± 5 oc on test specimens

4.2 Principle of the 25 em Epstein frame method

4.3 Test specimens

Figure 1. Double-lapped joints

-width b = 30 mm ± 0,2 mm;

± 1 o for grain-oriented steel sheet;

± 5o for non-oriented steel sheet;

4.4 25 em Epstein frame

Figure 2: 25 em Epstein frame

Each solenoid comprises two windings:

- a primary winding (magnetizing winding):

- a secondary winding (voltage winding).

minimize internal voltage drops.

ma = effective mass of test specimen, in kilogrammes

4.5 Air flux compensation

4.6 Power supply

V1 measures average rectified voltage

V2 measures r.m.s. voltage

5.3.1 Voltage measurement

5.3.1.1 Average type voltmeter

5.3.1.2 R.M.S voltmeter

5.3.2 Current measurement

The primary current may be measured by either:

- a class 1 ammeter or better of low impedance; or

- measuring the voltage drop across a non-inductive precision resistor connected in

5.3.3 Frequency measurement

A frequency meter of accuracy 0. 2 % or better shall be used.

5.3.4 Power measurement

The power shall be measured by a wattmeter of accuracy 0, 5 % or better at the frequency,

5.4 Measuring procedure

5.4.1 Preparation for measurement

Before measurement, the test specimen shall be demagnetized by a decreasing alternating

5.4.2 Source setting

[V;l = average value of secondary rectified voltage, in volts;

The cross-section A is obtained by the equation

m = mass of test specimen, in kilogrammes;

5.5 Determination of specific total loss

= calculated total loss of test specimen, in watts;

power measured by the wattmeter, in watts;

N, = number of turns of the primary winding;

N = number of turns of the secondary winding;

Ri = combined equivalent resistance of the instruments in the secondary

~ = average value of secondary rectified voltage, in volts.

= specific total loss of test specimen, in watts per kilogramme (corrected