Topic: Grammatical: Present simple and continuous tenses

Name of the student: Benjamim Inácio Hologo Student Code: 71240472

Tutor Name: MsC. Chitulo Joao André

Introduce

The Present Simple and the Present Continuous are two verb tenses in English that describe non-
present actions, but they are used in different situations to express different types of actions or
states.

Objective Geral

 Describer present simple and continuous tenses

Objectives Specifics

 Give an example of present simple an continuous

 Talk about the importance of present simple and continuous tenses
 Talk about adverbs of frequency and auxiliary verbs “Do, Be and Have”

Methodology
To carry out this work with the theme present simple and continuous tenses, qualitative method
was used and the review of manuals, scientific works by various authors who discuss the study in
question and search for information on the Internet.

1
Present simple

Basic Use:

Describe habitual or routine actions: I eat breakfast every morning. (I eat breakfast every
morning.)
Expressing universal truths: The sun rises in the east. (The sun rises in the east.)
Indicate feelings and emotional states: She loves reading books. (She loves to read books.)

Education:

For most verbs, the Present Simple is formed by adding "-s" or "-es" to the base form of
the third-person singular verb (he/she/it): eat -> eats, go -> goes.
In the negative and interrogative form, the auxiliary verb "do" (in the present simple) is used,
followed by the main verb in the infinitive without "to": I do not (don't) eat meat. (I don't eat
meat.)

Adverbs of Frequency:

Adverbs such as "always," "usually," "often," "sometimes," "rarely," and "never" are often
used with the present simple tense to indicate the frequency of actions: She always arrives early.
(She always arrives early.)

Examples:

Positive: She speaks Spanish fluently. (She speaks fluent Spanish.)

Negative: They do not (don't) like spicy food. (They don't like spicy food.)
Question: Do you play the guitar? (Do you play the guitar?)
The Simple Present is a fundamental part of English grammar and is used in a variety of
situations to describe regular events, permanent states, and general truths.

Positive Form:

She is Italian. (She's Italian.)

They are Brazilian. (They are Brazilian.)
2
He speaks Spanish. (He speaks Spanish.)

Negative Form:

She is not French. (She's not French.)

They are not Japanese. (They're not Japanese.)
He does not speak German. (He doesn't speak German.)

Question Form:
Is she Russian? (Is she Russian?)
Are they Chinese? (Are they Chinese?)
Does he speak English? (Does he speak English?

Present continuous

Basic Usage:
Describing actions happening right now: She is reading a book. (She's reading a book.)
Describing actions happening around the time of speaking: They are studying for their exams.
(They're studying for their exams.)
Describing temporary actions or situations: He is working in London this week. (He's working in
London this week.)
Describing future arrangements: They are meeting at the restaurant tomorrow. (They'll meet at
the restaurant tomorrow.)
Formation:
The Present Continuous is formed with the present tense of the verb "to be" (am, is, are)
followed by the present participle (verb + -ing): I am working. (I'm working.)
For negative sentences and questions, use the appropriate form of "to be" followed by "not" (for
negatives) or the subject (for questions) before the present participle: She is not (isn't) watching
TV. (She's not watching TV.) Are you listening to music? (Are you listening to music?)

Duration and Temporary Nature:

The Present Continuous often implies an action that is ongoing or temporary: They are
staying with us for a few days. (They're staying with us for a few days.)

3
It contrasts with the Present Simple, which typically describes habitual or permanent actions: She
works as a teacher. (She works as a teacher.)

Examples:
Positive: They are playing football in the park. (They're playing soccer in the park.)
Negative: She is not (isn't) talking on the phone right now. (She's not talking on the phone right
now.)
Question: Are you listening to me? (Can you hear me?)

The Present Continuous tense is used to convey actions that are happening at or around the time
of speaking, providing a sense of immediacy or ongoing activity in the present moment.

Positive Form:
She is learning French. (She's learning French.)
They are visiting Spain. (They're visiting Spain.)
He is working in Brazil. (He's working in Brazil.)
Negative Form:
She is not studying German. (She's not studying German.)
They are not traveling to Italy. (They're not traveling to Italy.)
He is not living in Japan. (He's not living in Japan.)

Question Form:
Is she speaking Portuguese? (Is she talking Portuguese?)
Are they eating Japanese food? (Are they eating Japanese food?)
Is he staying in China? (Is he staying in China?)

Present Simple with Adverbs of Frequency:

She always eats breakfast. (She always eats breakfast.)
They usually go to the gym in the evening. (They typically go to the gym in the evenings.)
I often read books on weekends. (I often read books on the weekends.)
He sometimes forgets his keys. (Sometimes he forgets his keys.)
She rarely watches TV. (She rarely watches TV.)
4
 They never arrive late. (They're never late.)

Present Continuous with Adverbs of Frequency:

She is always studying. (She's always studying.)
They are usually playing soccer on Saturdays. (They are normally playing soccer on Saturdays.)
I am often talking to my friends online. (I'm often chatting with my friends online.)
He is sometimes working late. (Sometimes he's working late.)
She is rarely traveling. (She's rarely traveling.)
They are never arguing. (They're never arguing.)

5
Final considerations

The Present Simple and the Present Continuous are two verb tenses in English that describe non-
present actions, but they are used in different situations to express different types of actions or
states.