REGIONAL MOCK MARCH 2024 • Poor transport facilities retarded supplies to the Allied Powers

0560 paper 1 in the battlefield.

1 C 11 C 21` C 31 A 41 D • The Germans enjoyed the support of some natives like the
2 C 12 B 22 A 32 B 42 A Ewondo under Charles Atangana.
3 A 13 C 23 B 33 C 43 B • Before the outbreak of the war in Cameroon, the Germans
4 D 14 A 24 D 34 D 44 C eliminated many chiefs whom they felt could collaborate with
5 B 15 D 25 A 35 A 45 D the Allied Powers like Rudolf Douala Manga Bell of Douala.
6 A 16 B 26 C 36 B 46 A • Britain and France had underestimated the strength of the
7 B 17 C 27 B 37 D 47 C Germans when the war started (Asses others ).(2+1+2 marks)
8 C 18 B 28 A 38 C 48 D d). (i) 1/5
9 A 19 C 29 A 39 B 49 A (ii) Britain intended even to give the whole of Cameroon
10 C 20 D 30 B 40 C 50 B to France
O560 paper 2 GCE OL MARK GUIDES SECTION A • Britain was only interested in the German portion of
CAMEROON SINCE 1850 Cameroon with the best German investments.
Question 1A * • The British needed a small portion of Cameroon to tidy the
a) (i) Belgium eastern frontiers of Nigeria.
(ii) • She believed that taking a large portion of Cameroon would
• To weaken the Germans war effort in Europe. give her administrative challenges as she intended to rule
• To capture the port of Douala and its powerful transmission Cameroon as part of Nigeria.
station. • British interest was more in German East Africa and not in
• To prevent the Germans from making use of both material Cameroon,
and human resources of Cameroon against the Allied powers. • Picot of France was given a blank cheque by Lancelot
• To capture Cameroon and make use of its rich resources to Oliphant during the partition of Cameroon.
support reconstruction. (iii) Lord Alfred Milner and Henry Simon (1+1+2) marks
• The British wanted to show her naval strength or superiority e) (i) League of Nations.
to defeat and humiliate Germany. (ii)
• To capture Cameroon and increase their bargaining powers in • It led to inter-ethnic conflicts such as the Bakossi -Bamileke
the post war settlement. conflict of 1966.
• The British wanted to capture Cameroon to tidy her eastern • Led to the rise of Cameroon nationalism.
frontiers with Nigeria. • It placed people in areas they did not like such as the Bamum
• The British also wanted to build an empire from the coast of and Duala.
Cameroon to Nigeria. • The partition of Cameroon gave the country the bilingual
• The French wanted to regain part of French Equatorial Africa status it enjoys today.
• Germany invaded Belgium thereby violating the neutrality of • It caused the division of ethnic groups like the Bakossi, Mbo
Belgium. and Bangwa.
• France wanted to revenge the loss of Alsace-Lorraine • It helped to delay the granting of independence to Cameroon
• France also wanted to punish Germany for the heavy by the various colonial masters.
indemnity suffered from the Germans at the end of the • It led to the Ibo domination of British Southern Cameroons
Franco-Prussian war of 1870 - 1871.(1+2)marks (Asses others).(1+3) marks
b) (i) West African Expeditionary Force/Joint Expeditionary Question 1B*
force a) (i) 1960
(ii) General Charles Macpherson Dobell (accept Dobell) (ii) Prime Minister of French Cameroon.
(iii) -It was the naval base of the Germans in Cameroon. (iii)
-It had a powerful transmission station to monitor • The abolition of multiparty politics and the formation of one
the Allied activities in the Atlantic Ocean. national party called C.N.U under Ahidjo.
-It was the economic capital of German Cameroon. • Ahidjo was a dictator as he did not give room for any
-Douala was the main entrance to German opposition.
Cameroon. • Ahidjo's domestic achievements especially in the social and
-The town had the biggest military base of the economic sectors
Germans in Cameroon. (1+1+2) marks • Ahidjo in his foreign policy projected Cameroon's image in
c) (i) Mora/1916 the continental and international scene.
(ii) Karl Ebermaier • Ahidjo had extra-ordinary leadership qualities as he was firm,
(iii)The Germans had blocked the channels leading to charismatic, shrewd, tactful and astute.
the Douala port and with the help of their transmission • Most Cameroonians had become too use to Ahidjo either out
stations; they were able to destroy many Allied vessels. of fear or reverence.
• The Germans had a better knowledge of the terrain than the • Ahidjo by 1975 had become the symbol of unity, progress,
Allied Powers. stability and prosperity in Cameroon.
• The Germans from the start of the war were better organized • He combined both the post of President of the Republic and
than the Allied Powers. the Chairman of the C.N.U party (Asses others).
• The physical environment was very rough for the Allied (1+1+2)marks
Powers to penetrate quickly. b) (i) Paul Biya
• The Allied Powers found it very difficult to quickly adapt to (ii) Prime Minister of the United Republic of Cameroon (Accept
the strange climatic conditions. Prime Minister/P.M)
• The thick Equatorial forest also obstructed quick Allied (iii)
victory. • After having worked with Paul Biya for many years, Ahidjo
• The European Allied troops found it difficult to quickly adapt had confidence in him.
to the tropical diseases. • The rich academic profile of Biya convinced Ahidjo that he
would be a good administrator.
• Following the amended constitution in 1979, Biya became the
rightful heir to succeed Ahidjo.
• Paul Biya had shown a lot of serenity and discipline in
carrying out his work.
• Ahidjo's health was not encouraging to enable him complete
his term of office.
• Ahidjo had no intention to resign from power but from office
and preferred Paul Biya whom he regarded as a stooge to
replace him.
• Paul Biya's Christian and southern background.
• Paul Biya was a very skillful technocrat, with no political
following of his own, no base of support.
• Ahidjo's sudden resignation in November 1982 gave Biya the
opportunity to succeed him.
• Ahidjo was excessively tired of ruling the
country.(1+1+2)marks
c) (i) Solomon Tandeng Muna (accept S.T Muna/Muna)
(ii) 1988/Fonka Shang Lawrence
(iii)
• Ahidjo had been in active politics for more than 35 years felt
tired and needed rest.
• He wanted to boost his prestige especially abroad as a
democrat.
• Ahidjo felt, he had groomed a good successor, Paul Biya.
• Ahidjo had already issued decrees protecting his family and
assuring himself privileges.
• Ahidjo had already given compensation to his close friends
and relatives.
• Several French doctors had advised Ahidjo that he was ill and
in need of rest.
• Ahidjo did not wish to quit power under bloody
circumstances.
• Ahidjo's resignation was to an extent influenced by his poor
relations with the new socialist President of France, François
Mitterrand.
• Ahidjo decided to resign because he was satisfied with his
socio- economic achievements.
• He thought that he had the possibility to still exercise political
control over Cameroon as chairman of
the CNU even while on retirement. (Asses others).
(1+2+2)marks
d) (i) Cameroon National Union (accept C.N.U).
(ii) 1966
(iii) is
• Biya was seen as a liberal.
• Biya's speeches were very promising during the 7province
meet the people’s tour.
• Biya came to power constitutionally and not through a coup
d'état.
• Biya spoke the English language, a thing Ahidjo had never
done.
• Biya's accession to power was also saluted because it marked
the shift of power from the North to the South.
• Biya's youthfulness (he was 49) also attracted the young and
new breed of politicians.
• Ahidjo's dismissal of 4 of his previous friends from the CNU
to support Biya (Asses others). (1+1+2)marks
e)
• After Ahidjo’s resignation as president of the United
Republic in November 1982, he refused to resign as the
chairman of the CNU.
• Within a very short time, Biya conducted several cabinet
reshuffles.
• The failure of Ahidjo to unseat Biya using party machinery.
• Many supporters of Ahidjo were arrested, after the August
1983 plot to physically eliminate Biya.
• Biya's decision to break the northern administrative unit into
3 provinces
• In March 1984, Biya commuted the death sentence of Ahidjo,
Salatou and Oumarou implicated in the August 1983 plot
against the president which encouraged the enemies to strike
harder.
• Biya's policy of rigour and moralization affected many
supporters of Ahidjo.
• The North-South and the Muslim-Christian division of the
country
• The coup plotters accused Biya of playing freely with the
constitution to his favour.
• Biya's decision to transfer units of the Republican Guard
staffed mostly by northerners to return to
units all over the country (Asses others). (3marks)
Q2.a) Economic reasons for the European scramble for
Cameroon b). Terms of the Germano-Duala
Treaty c) Weaknesses or criticism of the Germano-Duala
Treaty. 7/6/7 marks
Q3. a) Reasons why Andre Marie Mbida became Prime
Minister in 1957 b) Reasons for the collapse of
Mbida’s government c) Effects or impact of the collapse of
Mbida’s government 7/7/6 marks
Q4. a) Reasons for the rise of Paul Biya as the president of the
United Republic of Cameroon in 1982 b)
Causes of the rift between Biya and Ahidjo c) Steps taken by
Ahidjo to remove Biya from
power. 6/7/7marks
SECTION B
AFRICA SINCE 1870 (excluding Cameroon)
Q5. a) Reasons why European powers were reluctant to
colonize Africa before 1879.b) Resolutions of the
Berlin Conference c) Achievements and failures of the
Berlin Conference 5/5/5/5 marks
Q6. a) Reasons for and effects or results of the Mau Mau
movement in Kenya from 1952-1960 b) How the
Mau Mau Revolt contributed to the granting of
independence to Kenya. 7/7/6 marks
Q7.a) Aims or reasons why the OAU was created b)
Achievements of the OAU c) Reasons why the OAU
was transformed to the African Union in 2002 d) How the
African Union is an improvement of the OAU
5/5/5/5 marks
SECTION C
WORLD DIPLOMACY SINCE 1870
Q8.a) Reasons which led to the industrialization of Europe from
1870-1914 b) The role of industrialization to cause the First
World War c) Terms of the Versailles Treaty 7/6/7 marks
Q9.a) Reasons and the effects of the Cold War b) Evidence to
show the relaxation of East West tension and reasons for the
relaxation of tension from 1953 to 1969 5/5/5/5 marks
Q10.a) Objectives or reasons why the UNO was formed b) How
the UNO was structured to achieve it’s
aims c) The achievements of the UNO since creation 7/6/7
mks
NB:
1. Use relevant textbooks to produce a mark guides for the essay
questions to ease your makings
2. Teachers making the REGIONAL Mock for 0560 are advised
to award 1 mark for good introductions, definitions and
meaning of abbreviations where necessary.
3. Teachers making the Regional Mock for 0560 should note the
shortcomings or weaknesses of candidates which should be
corrected during well-planned Mock Revision Exercises.
4. Heads of departments (HODs) should coordinate the marking
of the Regional Mock examinations scripts making use of
experienced teachers and GCE examiners (if available )