Prejudice

Prepared by:
Ms. Edielyn D. Gonzalvo
 This lesson will answer the
Overview following questions:
01 What is the nature and
power of prejudice?
 01 02
Prejudice stereotype
A preconceived negative A belief about the personal
judgment of a group and its attributes of a group of people.
individual members. Stereotypes are sometimes
03 overgeneralized, inaccurate,
discrimination and resistant to new information
(and sometimes accurate).
Unjustified negative behavior

04 toward a group or its members.

06
racism sexism
(1) An individual’s prejudicial (1) An individual’s prejudicial
attitudes and discriminatory attitudes and discriminatory
behavior toward people of a behavior toward people of a
given race, or (2) institutional given sex, or (2) institutional
practices (even if not motivated practices (even if not motivated
by prejudice) that subordinate by prejudice) that subordinate
people of a given race. people of a given sex.
02 What are the social
sources of prejudice?
Social Inequalities:
Unequal Status and Prejudice
Unequal status breeds prejudice.

social dominance orientation.

A motivation to have one’s group
dominate other social groups.
Socialization
Prejudice springs from our
acquired values and attitudes.
Socialization
ethnocentric
Believing in the superiority of one’s
own ethnic and cultural group and
having a corresponding disdain for
all other groups.

authoritarian personality
A personality that is disposed to
favor obedience to authority and
intolerance of outgroups and those
lower in status.
 “We have just enough
religion to make us hate, but
not enough to make us love
one another.”

—Jonathan Swift,
Thoughts on Various
Subjects, 1706
Institutional Supports
Social institutions may bolster
prejudice through overt policies
such as segregation, or by
passively reinforcing the status
quo.
 What are the

03 motivational sources
of prejudice?
Frustration and Aggression:
The Scapegoat Theory
scapegoating
Or “displaced aggression”.
When the cause of our frustration is
intimidating or unknown, we often
redirect our hostility towards other.

realistic group conflict theory

The theory that prejudice arises
from competition between groups
for scarce resources.
Social Identity Theory:
Feeling Superior to Others
social identity
The “we” aspect of our self-concept; the part of our answer to “Who am I?” that comes
from our group memberships.

social identity theory

We categorize, identify and compare others.

ingroup
“Us”—a group of people who share a sense of belonging, a feeling of common identity.

outgroup
“Them”—a group that people perceive as distinctively different from or apart from their
ingroup.
Social Identity Theory:
Feeling Superior to Others
ingroup bias
The tendency to favor one’s own
group.
Motivation to Avoid Prejudice
Motivations not only lead people to
be prejudiced but also to avoid
prejudice.

If we are motivated, to avoid

prejudice, it can lead us to modify
our thoughts and actions.
 What are the

04 cognitive sources of
prejudice?
Categorization:
Classifying People into Groups
Stereotyping is a by-product of our
thinking.

Clustering people into categories

exaggerates the uniformity within a
group and the differences between
groups.
Categorization:
Classifying People into Groups
outgroup homogeneity effect
Perception of outgroup members
as more similar to one another than
are ingroup members. Thus “they
are alike; we are diverse.

own-race bias
The tendency for people to more
accurately recognize faces of their
own race. (Also called the cross-
race effect or other race effect.)
Distinctiveness:
Perceiving People Who Stand Out
A distinctive individual, such as a
lone minority person, has a
compelling quality that makes us
aware of differences that would
otherwise go unnoticed.

The occurrence of two distinctive

events helps create an illusory
correlation between people and
behavior.
Attribution: Is It a Just World?
group-serving bias
Explaining away outgroup
members’ positive behaviors; also
attributing negative behaviors to
their dispositions (while excusing
such behavior by one’s own group)
Attribution: Is It a Just World?
just-world phenomenon
The tendency of people to believe
that the world is just and that
people therefore get what they
deserve and deserve what they get.
 What are the

05 consequences of
prejudice?
What are the consequences of
prejudice?
● Stereotypes tend to continue and resist change.
They also create their own realities through self-
fulfilling prophecies.

● Prejudice can also undermine people’s performance

through stereotype threat, by making people
worried that others will view them stereotypically.

● Stereotypes can predispose how we perceive

people and interpret events
Monday!
● Asynchronous mode.
● Lecture about Aggression
will be uploaded

● Quiz about:
○ Prejudice
○ Aggression
Thank you!
Prepared by:
Ms. Edielyn D. Gonzalvo

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