EXPERIMENT NO.

5
Aim: Use of hydraulic press in removal and fitting of bearing, bushes and
cylinder liner.
Hydraulic press: Hydraulic press is the practical application of Pascal’s law. It is a device
which is used to lift very heavy weight by the application of much smaller force.

Hydraulic Press
Hydraulic press consists of two cylinders of different diameters connected by a pipe near their
bottom. The cylinder of larger diameter contains a ram while cylinder of smaller diameter contains a
plunger.
When a small force F is applied on the plunger in the downward direction, a pressure is produced on
the liquid in contact with plunger. This pressure is transmitted equally in all the directions and acts on the
ram in the upward direction which will lift the heavier load placed on the ram.
Let F =Force applied on the plunger,
W =Weight to be lifted on the ram,
A =Area of cross-section of ram,
 a =Area of cross-section of plunger,
p =Intensity of pressure produced by applied force F.

Now p=F/a
According to Pascal’s law, the above intensity of pressure will be equally transmitted in all the
directions.

჻ Intensity of pressure at the ram = F/a

Also Intensity of pressure at the ram = W/A

჻ F/a = W/A

or W=F/a×A
1. Mechanical Advantage of Hydraulic Press: Mechanical advantage of hydraulic press may be
defined as the weight lifted on the ram to the force applied on the plunger.
M.A. = W/F
2. Leverage of Hydraulic Press: If a lever is used to apply force on the plunger, then a force F’
smaller than F can lift the weight W.
 Leverage of Hydraulic Press
The ratio L/l is called the leverage of hydraulic press. Taking moments about O, we get
F’×L = F×l
or F = F’×L/l
Putting the value of F in equation (і), we get
W = F’×L/l × A/a