Lesson 5: Managing Files

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 Objectives covered

o 103.3 Performing basic file management (weight: 4)

o 104.6 Create and change hard and symbolic links (weight: 2)
o 104.5 Manage file permissions and ownership (weight: 3)
o 104.7 Find system files and place files in correct location (w:2)

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 Create and change
hard and symbolic links

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 Hardlink vs Softlink

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 Creating Hardlink

ln file link

Notes:

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 Creating Softlink

ln –s file link

Notes:

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 Link usages

Version links

Backup

Command substitutions

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 Manage file permissions
and ownership

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 Basic file permissions

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 Change owner and group

chown [option] new_owner file

chgrp [option] new_group file

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 Change owner and group – Symbolic mode

chown mode file

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 Change owner and group – Octal mode

chown mode file

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 Default permission

umask

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 Special access mode

SUID (Set user id), SGID (set group id), Sticky bit

Permission Changing in Symbolic mode Changing in Octal mode

SUID chmod u+s file_name chmod 4750 file_name
SGID chmod g+s file_name chmod 2750 file_name
Sticky bit chmod o+t file_name chmod 1750 file_name
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 Find system files and place
files in correct location

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 Locating files

which vs whereis
which whereis
Search path $PATH Linux standard paths; $PATH;
$MANPATH
File type Executable files Executable files
Source files
Manual files

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 Locating files

locate [option] pattern

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 Locating files

find [path] [option] pattern

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 Question...!

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