Research Paper

Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION 6 - WESTERN VISAYAS
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ANTIQUE
COL. RUPERTO ABELLON NATIONAL SCHOOL
Guisijan, Laua-an, 5705 Antique
Approval Sheet
This research paper titled, “Effectiveness of Powdered Gumamela
Hibiscus rosa leaf, Coconut Cocos nucifera Oil, and Candle as an
Alternative Floor Wax” submitted by KIRSHIE CEILO L. LABANON, RYAN
JOHN S. ARGUELLES, EDJHON CHRIS R. DUBRIA, TIFFANY MARIE S.
DUBRIA, JONALY I. MOOS, JOHN MICHAEL SANTOS, JOHN CARLO J.
ZAMORA, KRISHA FAYE O. ZAMORA, in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the subject PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2 is hereby approved.
SHANNON L. NIETES
Adviser
LODULF D. NIETES
Chairman
ROSTERBEN J. ARDENIO REYNOLD P. DUBRIA

Member Member
Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject Practical
Research 2 (Quantitative Research).
VENUS DIVINIA F. NIETES

OIC – Office of the Principal II
Labanon, K.C., Arguelles, R.J., Dubria, E.C., Dubria,T.M., Moos, J., Santos, J.M.,
Zamora, J.C., Zamora, K.F., 2023-2024
Acknowledgment
We deeply appreciate and extend our gratitude to all individuals and
organizations whose contributions have led to the successful completion of our
experimental research project. Without their support, guidance, and collaboration,
this study would not have been achievable.
Foremost, we express our profound thanks to our esteemed faculty
advisor, Shannon L. Nietes, for their invaluable guidance, expertise, and
unwavering support throughout the research process. Their dedication, insightful
feedback, and encouragement have profoundly shaped our project and ensured
its success.
We are thankful to the administration and faculty of Col. Ruperto Abellon
National School for providing us with essential resources, laboratory facilities, and
access to research materials. Their commitment to fostering a culture of research
and academic excellence has been pivotal to our endeavors.
Our sincere appreciation goes to our classmates and friends who
supported us throughout this research journey. Their encouragement,
discussions, and exchange of ideas have been crucial in refining our approach
and strengthening our findings.
Lastly, we express our gratitude to our families for their unwavering
support, understanding, and encouragement throughout this research endeavor.
Their love, patience, and belief in our capabilities have been a constant
motivation. To our parents, we extend our deepest appreciation for being our
pillars of strength, our sounding boards, and unwavering sources of
encouragement. This achievement would not have been possible without their
guidance, wisdom, and unconditional love.
Once again, we extend our heartfelt appreciation to everyone involved in
this research project. Your contributions have greatly enriched our study and
played an indispensable role in our academic and personal growth.
Thank you all.
K.C. Labanon
R.J. Arguelles
E.C. Dubria
T.M. Dubria
J. Moos
J.M. Santos
J.C. Zamora
K.F. Zamora
May 2024
Dedication
With heartfelt gratitude, this research paper is dedicated to the unwavering
support and love of our cherished family and friends, whose encouragement has
been a beacon of inspiration throughout this academic journey. Additionally, we
extend our deepest appreciation to CRANS, our beloved Alma Mater, for
providing the nurturing environment and educational foundation that have
empowered us to pursue our academic aspirations. This dedication symbolizes
our enduring commitment to honoring the invaluable relationships and institutions
that have shaped our lives and academic endeavors.
Abstract
EFFECTIVENESS OF POWDERED GUMAMELA Hibiscus rosa LEAF,
COCONUT Cocos nucifera OIL, AND CANDLE AS
AN ALTERNATIVE FLOOR WAX
BY
Kirshie Ceilo L. Labanon, Ryan John S. Arguelles, Edjhon Chris R. Dubria, Tiffany
Marie S. Dubria, Jonaly I. Moos, John Michael Santos, John Carlo J. Zamora,
Krisha Faye O. Zamora
May 2024
This study aims to investigate if the powdered gumamela leaf, coconut oil,
and candle can be a good alternative floor wax. Specifically, the study identifies
the components of powdered gumamela leaf, coconut oil, and candle as an
alternative floor wax; and find out that the powdered gumamela leaf in different
amounts can affect the texture, odor, glossiness, and pH level.
Findings confirmed that the alternative floor wax is an effective and
feasible substitute for commercial floor wax and showed effective results in
enhancing its texture, odor, and gloss when applied to the floor. The components
of gumamela leaf helped with the texture, while the coconut oil contributed to the
gloss and the candle acted as the solidification agent. The alternative floor wax is
environment-friendly, readily available, cost-efficient, and can best substitute for
commercial floor wax.
Keywords: Floor Wax, Powdered Gumamela Leaf, Coconut Oil, Candle
KIRSHIE CEILO L. LABANON May 13, 2024

Signature of Individual Finalist Date Signed
or Team Leader
Table of Contents
Title Page Page

Approval Sheet
i
Acknowledgment
ii
Dedication
iv
Abstract
v
Tables of Contents
vii
List of Figures
x
List of Tables
xii
List of Appendices
xiii
Chapter
I Introduction to the Study
Background of the Study
Statement of the Problem
Hypotheses
Conceptual Framework
Significance of the Study
Scope and Limitations of the Study
Definition of terms
II Review of Related Literature

Floor Wax for Different Flooring Types
Use of Coconut Oil in Making The Floor Wax
Importance of Candle in Floor Wax
Properties and Uses of Powdered Gumamela Leaf
Floor Wax as a Traditional Cleaning Materials Of Floors
Steps in Making Floor Wax
Synthesis
III Methodology
Preparation of Materials
Collection of Samples
Preparation of Gumamela Leaves
Preparation of Coconut oil
Preparation of Treatments
Data Gathering Procedure
Ways of Proper Waste Disposal
IV Results and Discussion

Average Data Results of the Survey on The Effectiveness of
Powdered Gumamela Hibiscus rosa Leaf, Coconut Cocos
nucifera Oil, and Candle as an Alternative Floor Wax in Terms
of Texture, Odor, Glossiness, and pH Level
ANOVA Results on The Effectiveness of Powdered Gumamela
Hibiscus rosa Leaf, Coconut Cocos nucifera Oil, and Candle
as an Alternative Floor Wax as to Texture
as an Alternative Floor Wax in Terms of Odor
Duncan Multiple Level Test on The Effectiveness of Powdered
Gumamela Hibiscus rosa Leaf, Coconut Cocos nucifera Oil,
and Candle as an Alternative Floor Wax in Terms of Odor
as an Alternative Floor Wax in Terms of Glossiness
and Candle as an Alternative Floor Wax in Terms of
Glossiness
as an Alternative Floor Wax in Terms of pH Level

and Candle as an Alternative Floor Wax in Terms of pH Level
The Graphical Trends Between Each Treatment on the Average
Texture on The Effectiveness of Powdered Gumamela
as an Alternative Floor Wax
Odor on The Effectiveness of Powdered Gumamela Hibiscus
rosa Leaf, Coconut Cocos nucifera Oil, and Candle as an
Alternative Floor Wax
Gloss on The Effectiveness of Powdered Gumamela Hibiscus
pH Level on The Effectiveness of Powdered Gumamela
V Conclusions and Recommendations
Conclusion
Recommendations
References
Appendices
10
xi
List of Figures
Figure
1 Flow of processes in Making Alternative Floor Wax and Testing its

Effectiveness.
2 Collection of Gumamela Leaves
3 Washing of Gumamela Leaves
4 Sun-drying of Gumamela Leaves
5 Washing of Containers
6 Air-drying of Containers
7 Pounding of Gumamela Leaves
8 Pounding of Candles
9 Weighing the Powdered Gumamela Leaves
10 Weighing the Pounded Candles
11 Measuring of Coconut Oil
12 Transferring the Coconut Oil to the Beaker
13 Adding Candles in the Beaker
14 Stirring the Candles with Coconut Oil to mix well
15 Adding Powdered Gumamela Leaves in the Beaker
16 Stirring the Powdered Gumamela Leaves with Candles and
Coconut Oil to mix well
17 Letting the combined Powdered Gumamela Leaves, Candle, and
Coconut Oil reduce its temperature
18 The Graphical Trends Between Each Treatment on the Average
Texture on The Effectiveness of Powdered Gumamela Hibiscus
Odor on The Effectiveness of Powdered Gumamela Hibiscus
Gloss on The Effectiveness of Powdered Gumamela Hibiscus
rosa, Coconut Cocos nucifera Oil, and Candle as an
xii

pH Level on The Effectiveness of Powdered Gumamela
xiii
List of Tables
Table
1 Average Data Results of the Survey on The Effectiveness of
nucifera Oil, and Candle as an Alternative Floor Wax in Terms of
Texture, Odor, Glossiness, and pH Level
2 ANOVA Results on The Effectiveness of Powdered Gumamela
Hibiscus rosa Leaf, Coconut Cocos nucifera Oil, and Candle as
an Alternative Floor Wax as to Texture
an Alternative Floor Wax in Terms of Odor
4 Duncan Multiple Level Test on The Effectiveness of Powdered
Gumamela Hibiscus rosa Leaf, Coconut Cocos nucifera Oil, and
Candle as an Alternative Floor Wax in Terms of Odor
an Alternative Floor Wax in Terms of Glossiness
and Candle as an Alternative Floor Wax in Terms of
Glossiness
an Alternative Floor Wax in Terms of pH Level
and Candle as an Alternative Floor Wax in Terms of pH Level
xiv
List of Appendices
Appendix
A Research Paradigm Showing the Relationship of the Variables 45
B Raw Data in terms of Texture 46
C Raw Data in terms of Odor 47
D Raw Data in terms of Glossiness 48
E Raw Data in terms of pH Level 49
F Estimated Cost of Raw Materials 50
Chapter I
Introduction to the Study
This chapter consists of (1) Background of the Study, (2) Statement of the
Problem, (3) Hypothesis, (4) Conceptual Framework, (5) Significance of the
Study, (6) Scope and Limitations of the Study, and (7) Definition of Terms.
Background of the Study

Floor wax is a preparation made typically of a mixture of beeswax and
vegetable waxes in a suitable vehicle and used for polishing and preserving the
finish of floors. (Merriam-Webster Dictionary, 2022). It is a type of protective
coating applied to hard flooring surfaces, such as wood, tile, or linoleum, to
enhance their appearance, provide a durable layer of protection against wear
and tear, and make them easier to clean. It typically consists of a blend of natural
or synthetic waxes, solvents, and additives that create a glossy or matte finish
depending on the desired look.
Additionally, it is used to lessen the dust on the floors. People should
know that using a floor wax is good after cleaning, especially if they have a
concrete floor because it can help prevent scratches on the floors and make the
house look more appealing.
Labanon, K.C., Arguelles, R.J., Dubria, E.C., Dubria,T.M., Moos, J., Santos,
J.M., Zamora, J.C., Zamora, K.F., 2023-2024
Moreover, when maintained and applied properly floor waxes offer high
shine applied for both house and school spaces. They can be used on just about
any flooring including concrete, ceramic, and vinyl.
Nowadays, people can use this study to make eco-friendly floor wax so
that they won't spend a lot because its ingredients can easily be found in the
area.
The alternative floor wax is a practical approach to people to help them be
resourceful in their surroundings.
Statement of the Problem

This study aims to find out the effectiveness of powdered gumamela
Hibiscus rosa leaf, coconut Cocos nucifera oil, and candle as an alternative floor
wax at Laua-an, Antique during the school year 2023-2024. Specifically, this
study sought answers to the following questions:
1. What are the compounds present in gumamela leaf that can be
used as floor wax?
2. What is the level of effectiveness of powdered gumamela leaf,
coconut oil, and candle as floor wax in terms of texture, odor, glossiness, and
pH level when compared to commercial floor wax?
3. Is there a significant difference in the effectiveness of powdered
gumamela leaf, coconut oil, and candle as floor wax in terms of texture, odor,
glossiness, and pH level of the floor wax when compared to commercial floor
wax?
Hypotheses
Based on the aforementioned problems, the following hypotheses were
tested:
1. The compounds present in gumamela leaf that could potentially
contribute to its use as a floor wax include polysaccharides (like starch,
organic acids acetic acid, citric acid, malic acid, formic acid, lactic acid,
and maleic acid), and flavonoids (like celery, parsley, red peppers,
chamomile, mint, and ginkgo biloba).
2. Powdered gumamela leaf at different concentrations affects the
texture, odor, glossiness, and pH level of the floor wax when compared to
commercial floor wax.
3. There is a significant difference in the effectiveness of powdered
gumamela leaf, coconut oil, and candle as components of floor wax in
terms of texture, odor, glossiness, and pH level of the floor wax when
compared to commercial floor wax.
Conceptual Framework
This diagram shows the relationship of variables on the effectiveness of
powdered gumamela leaf, coconut oil, and candle as an alternative floor wax.
Independent Variables Dependent
Variables
Treatment A
15 g powdered gumamela
leaf (100%) + 50 mL
coconut oil + 15 g candle
Texture
Treatment B Odor
11.3 g powdered
gumamela leaf (75%) + Floor
50 mL coconut oil + 15 g Wax
candle
Glossiness
Treatment C
7.5 g powdered
gumamela leaf (50%) +
50 mL coconut oil + 15 g pH level
candle
Treatment D
3.3 g powdered
50 mL coconut oil + 15 g
candle
Treatment F (Floor Wax)

Commercial Floor Wax
Significance of the Study

The study of floor wax made from a combination of powdered gumamela
leaf, coconut oil, and candle holds significance in exploring the potential for a
natural, cost-effective, and environment-friendly alternative to traditional floor
wax.
The findings that will be produced from this study are expected to be
beneficial to the following:
1. CONSUMERS. Particularly those looking for a more natural, cost-
effective, and potentially healthier alternative to traditional floor wax.
2. LOCAL FARMERS AND PRODUCERS. Those growing and producing
raw materials, like coconuts and gumamela, could benefit from increased
demand.
3. ENVIRONMENT. A shift towards more natural products reduces the
chemical load on the environment.
4. CLEANING SERVICES. They could offer a more eco-friendly and
health-conscious service by using this type of wax.
5. FUTURE RESEARCHERS AND INNOVATORS. This study could open
new avenues for research and innovation in the field of natural cleaning products.
Scope and Limitations of the Study

The purpose of this study is to find out the effectiveness of powdered
gumamela Hibiscus rosa leaf, coconut Cocos nucifera oil, and candle as an
alternative floor wax. This study was conducted on April 22, 2024, at CRANS,
Science Laboratory Room in Laua-an, Antique.
In this research, the alternative floor wax was created from powdered
gumamela leaf, coconut oil, and a candle as an alternative floor wax. It was
tested in terms of texture, odor, glossiness, and pH level. There were five
treatments and three replicates used in the study.
To gather the needed data in this study, the researcher surveyed selected
participants from the grade 11 STEM students, the sampling technique that was
used in this study is the random sampling technique and we selected 10
participants. The participants ran their fingers across the floor wax’s surface in
terms of texture, the participants took a sniff and noted in terms of odor, and then
applied the floor wax to the floor to determine the glossiness.
In terms of texture, the researcher conducted a survey. To identify the
roughness or smoothness of the alternative floor wax the Hedonic scale below
was used:
Rating Verbal Description
5 Very smooth
4 Smooth
3 Somewhat smooth
2 Rough
1 Very rough
In terms of odor, the researcher conducted a study using the Hedonic scale
below:
5 Very strong
4 Strong
3 Moderately strong
2 Weak
1 Very weak
In terms of glossiness, it was observed and rated using the Hedonic scale below:
5 Very glossy
4 glossy
3 Slightly glossy
2 Dull
1 Very dull
As to pH level, it was determined using the digital pH level.
The statistical tools to be used in the study were frequency, percentage,
means, and one-way Analysis of Variable (ANOVA) to determine the
effectiveness of floor wax from powdered Gumamela Hibiscus rosa Leaf,
Coconut Cocos nucifera Oil, and Candle in terms of texture, odor, glossiness,
and pH level. It was processed through the Statistical Package for the Social
Science (SPSS) version 23.0 at a 0.01 level of significance at a two-tailed test.
Definition of terms
For clarity and a better understanding of this research, the following key
terms are hereby defined conceptually and operationally:
1. Gumamela Leaf. Oval in shape, and they measured between 3
inches to 4.2 inches long. The edges of the leaves often are slightly
serrated. They arrange themselves in a spiral pattern and alternate around
a long stalk. (Floral Studio, n.d.)
In this study, gumamela leaf was powdered to make the floor wax
smooth and will be mixed with the coconut oil with a melted candle.
2. Coconut Oil. A fatty oil or semisolid fat extracted from fresh
coconut and used especially in making soaps and food products. (Meriam-
Webster Dictionary, 2024)
In this study, coconut oil refers to an oil that was used to add
shininess to the floor wax when applied to the floor.
3. Candle. A piece of wax shaped like a stick with a wick in the middle
that burns slowly, giving off light. (Cambridge Dictionary, 2024)
In this study, the candle was used in solidifying the alternative floor
wax.
4. Floor Wax. A preparation containing wax and used to polish and
preserve the finish of floors. (WordWeb Online Dictionary, n.d.)
In this study, floor wax will serve as the subject of the study, which
will formed using powdered gumamela leaf, coconut oil, and candle and
will be tested in terms of texture, odor, glossiness, and pH level.
5. Odor. Property of a substance that activates the sense of smell.
(Dictionary.com, 2020)
In this study, odor refers to the smell of the floor wax, whether it has
a strong or weak smell when applied to the floor.
10
6. Texture. The physical feel of something – smooth, rough, fuzzy,
shiny, and lots of textures something in between. (Vocabulary.com, n.d.)
In this study, texture refers to the quality of the floor wax, whether it
is smooth or rough.
7. Glossiness. The quality of being smooth and shiny. (Cambridge
Dictionary, 2024)
In this study, gloss refers to the appearance of the floor after the
floor wax is applied.
8. pH Level. A measure of hydrogen ion concentration, a measure of
the acidity or hydrogen or alkalinity of a solution. (ThoughtCo., 2019)
In this study, pH level refers to the acidity or alkalinity of the floor
wax.
11
Chapter II
Review of Related Literature
This chapter presents relevant concepts, information, and studies which
elucidate further the scope and content of this research which includes (1) Floor
Wax for different Flooring Types, (2) Use of Coconut Oil in Making The Floor
Wax, (3) Importance of Candle in Floor Wax, (4) Properties and Uses of
Powdered Gumamela Leaf, (5) Floor Wax as a Traditional Cleaning Materials Of
Floors, (6) Steps in Making Floor Wax, and (7) Synthesis.
Floor Wax for different Flooring Types

When it comes to maintaining the beauty and durability of your floors,
using the right floor wax is essential. Different flooring types require specific
12
types of wax to ensure proper protection and maintenance. From hardwood and
tile to concrete and laminate, understanding the best floor wax for each flooring
type can help you keep your floors looking their best for years to come (Love’N
Kare Carpet Center, 2024).
The type of floor wax you should use will depend on the type of floor you
have. Solid paste wax contains more wax and less solvent, making it more
laborious to apply to floors. The benefit of solid paste wax is that you don’t need
to wax your floors as often. Liquid wax, on the other hand, contains more solvent,
making it easier to apply, but floors require more coats than solid paste wax.
When choosing the best wax for your floor, choose a solvent-based wax instead
of a water-based or acrylic wax because these can discolor finished floors and
damage unfinished floors. Another thing to be mindful of if you have hardwood
floors is that some wood floor waxes are designed for use on darker woods while
some are best for lighter woods. Many hardwood waxes work well for all colors
but it’s best to read the label to be sure (MCA Group, 2021).
Use of Coconut Oil in Making The Floor Wax

Coconut oil is suitable for floor wax due to its beneficial properties such as
low melting point, high glossiness, wear resistance, and protection capabilities.
The coconut oil cup wax, containing hydrogenated coconut oil, offers a low
melting point and improved stability. Additionally, coconut oil contributes to the
wear-resistant properties of floor polish wax, enhancing glossiness and wear

13
resistance while protecting floors. Furthermore, coconut oil's tribological
properties make it a valuable component in lubricants, with chemical modification
improving its pour point and leading to the development of efficient greases for
various applications. Moreover, coconut oil's compatibility with plastics like
polycarbonate and polyethylene terephthalate makes it a suitable material for
encapsulation in latent heat thermal energy storage systems, ensuring effective
heat storage in buildings (SCISPACE, n.d. ).
Importance of Candle in Floor Wax

The importance of a candle in floor wax can vary depending on the
specific context. Candle wax is sometimes used as an ingredient in floor wax
formulations, where it is mixed with other materials like paraffin wax. This mixture
is used to create different types of floor polish with varying properties. Floor wax,
including those that contain candle wax, is known for providing a high shine to
floors, which can be beneficial for commercial and business spaces. Additionally,
floor wax helps seal and protect the surface of the floor, preventing moisture
damage and restoring the color of hardwood floors. It's important to note that the
specific benefits and uses of candle wax in floor wax may vary depending on the
product and manufacturer (University of Cape Town, 2019).
Properties and Uses of Powdered Gumamela Leaf
14
Hibiscus-rosa sinensis var. Gelia Castillo is one of the UPLB Millenium
Hybrid Series that IPB released and is known as an ornamental plant yet having
potential health benefits. Proximate analysis using standard methods showed
that oven-dried leaves contain 15.30% moisture, 8.54% ash, 3.40% crude fat,
10.73% crude fiber, 15.13% crude protein and 46.90 nitrogen-free extracts. The
presence of phytochemicals such as phenol, flavonoids, saponins, tannins,
diterpenes, cardiac glycosides, and alkaloids were detected in the ethanolic
extract of the leaves while alkaloid, saponins, diterpenes, tannins, and phenols
were present in the aqueous extract. The phytochemical content of the ethanolic
extract was quantified: phenolics and flavonoids were quantified using UV-vis
spectrophotometry, 4.45mgGAE/g extract and 6.55mgQE/g extract, respectively
while saponin (28.23%) and alkaloid (3.13%) content was determined by
gravimetric method. The antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extract was also
determined using DPPH Radical Scavenging Assay and was observed that the
higher the concentration of extract, the higher the scavenging activity (University
Knowledge Digital Respiratory, 2015).
Hibiscus is a colorful flowering plant, it has been used for medicinal and
decorative purposes for centuries. People used the flowers and leaves of
Hibiscus to prepare tea, extract, and supplements. The flowers of this tropical
shrub are found in various colors like purple, red, pink, yellow, and white. It is
mostly grown in Southeast Asian countries. In Ayurveda, hibiscus is used to treat
15
ailments like high blood pressure and liver problems. The fresh and dried leaves
and flowers of hibiscus are also used in powdered form. Recent researches
found that hibiscus also has anti-bacterial and anti-cancer properties. Also, the
active compound Anthocyanins gives antioxidant properties to this plant
(MOOLIHAI, n.d.).
Floor Wax as a Traditional Cleaning Materials Of Floors

Floor wax is a solution that has been used extensively since centuries for
floor care. While there are still several traditional agents available in the market
today, most people prefer manmade and synthetic floor waxes that are
comparatively easy to apply. When maintained and applied properly floor waxes
offer high shine which is advantageous for both commercial and business
spaces. They can be used on just about any flooring including concrete, ceramic,
and vinyl. Floor waxes are sold as finishing products from thousands of stores
around the country and are readily available to anyone who wants to use them.
They take care of high-traffic areas and are created to resist scratches and repel
stains and abrasions (TCS Floors Inc., 2016).
Wax has always been a good protection for floors. It prevents scratches,
nicks, and stains caused by liquid that has accidentally been spilled. It preserves
your floor surfaces when it is applied to high-traffic areas which will increase the
floor's durability. A beautiful waxed floor not only embellishes your rooms and
16
spaces, but it also gives them more light. In offices, restaurants, hospitals and
many other workplaces, polishing the floors also helps give these places an
impression of cleanliness (ValPro, 2022).
Steps in Making Floor Wax

1. Prepare the cleaned and washed materials like a container of floor wax.
2. Boil the coconut oil with a pounded candle to be mixed.
3. Stir the coconut oil with a pounded candle until the candle melts.
4. Put 15 g of powdered gumamela leaves.
5. Stir the powdered gumamela leaves, and coconut oil with melted candle
until it is mixed well.
6. Wait until all the mixed ingredients will reduce their temperature.
7. Transfer it to the container and let it solidify, and the floor wax is finished.
Synthesis
17
Floor wax is an indispensable element in floor maintenance, offering
protection, durability, and aesthetics to various flooring types. Different types of
wax cater to specific flooring materials, with considerations ranging from
composition to application techniques. Synthetic and chemical-based waxes are
cost-effective but may not provide long-lasting results, while natural waxes offer
environmental benefits and are easy to maintain. Choosing the right wax involves
understanding the balance between wax and solvent content, especially
concerning solid paste and liquid wax formulations.
Coconut oil emerges as a promising ingredient in floor wax formulations
due to its low melting point, glossiness, wear resistance, and protective qualities.
Its compatibility with different materials and potential for chemical modification
makes it a versatile option for enhancing floor wax properties. Additionally, the
incorporation of candle wax in floor wax formulations contributes to achieving
high shine and surface protection, particularly beneficial for commercial spaces.
Moreover, the properties and uses of powdered Gumamela leaf highlight
its potential to enhance the antioxidant activity of floor wax formulations. With a
rich phytochemical profile and antioxidant properties, Gumamela leaf extract
offers opportunities for developing eco-friendly and health-promoting floor wax
solutions.
Despite the advent of synthetic floor waxes, traditional floor waxing
methods continue to be prevalent, emphasizing the enduring appeal and
18
effectiveness of wax-based floor care. From enhancing floor durability to
providing a polished appearance, floor waxing remains a fundamental practice in
preserving and beautifying various indoor spaces.
In summary, the synthesis of related literature underscores the
multifaceted nature of floor waxing, encompassing considerations of ingredient
selection, application techniques, and environmental sustainability. Integrating
insights from diverse sources offers a comprehensive understanding of the role
of floor wax in maintaining the longevity and aesthetic appeal of different flooring
types.
Chapter III
Methodology
This chapter includes systematized procedures and processes in carrying
out the study which determines its direction in terms of data collection, analysis,
and interpretation. This covers (1) Preparation of Materials, (2) Collection of
Samples, (3) Experimental design (4) Data Gathering Procedure, (5) Ways of
Proper Waste Disposal.
19
Preparation of Materials
The needed materials were collected and prepared at the Science
Laboratory Room of Col. Ruperto Abellon National School, Antique. These
necessary supplies include a mortar and pestle, graduated cylinder, beaker,
tripod, alcohol lamp, strainer, wire gauze, and stirring rod.
Collection of Samples
Pandanan, Laua-an, Antique was the source of gumamela, while the
source of coconut oil is in Lupaan, Laua-an, Antique. The commercial floor wax
was brought at Guisijan, Laua-an, Antique. These samples will be used in the
study as test materials.
Preparation of Gumamela Leaves

The first step is to clean the leaves with water to remove any dirt or
impurities. After washing, put the gumamela leaves in the tray for drying. To dry
the leaves, spread them out in a well-ventilated area and allow them to sun dry
completely. Once dried you can put the gumamela leaves into mortar and pestle,
and the collected gumamela leaves were pounded. It was filtered using a sifter to
separate small or powdered gumamela leaves from their larger particles.
Additionally, it will be weighed using a digital balance after being filtered and
preserved for the next stage.
20
Preparation of Coconut oil

The coconut oil was ground and then it was filtered using cheesecloth to
gather the extract. After gathering the extract the researcher boiled the extract of
coconut meat until it began to produce a coconut oil.
Preparation of Treatments
The study utilized five (5) treatments with three (3) replicates each. The
treatments used are as follows:
Treatment 1: 15 g of powdered gumamela leaf (100%) + 50 ml coconut oil + 15 g
candle
Treatment 2: 11.3 g of powdered gumamela leaf (75%) + 50 ml coconut oil + 15
g candle
Treatment 3: 7.5 g of powdered gumamela leaf (50%) + 50 ml coconut oil + 15 g
candle
Treatment 4: 3.3 g of powdered gumamela leaf (25%) + 50 ml coconut oil + 15 g
candle
Treatment 5: Commercial Floor Wax
Data Gathering Procedure
21
After combining specified amounts of gumamela leaf powder, coconut oil,
and candle, it was transferred into its empty container. The researchers surveyed
selected participants to get the data for the texture of each floor wax sample by
running their fingers across its surface to get data on the texture, whether it felt
very smooth, smooth, slightly smooth, rough, or very rough.
The participants evaluated the odor emitted by each sample by taking a
sniff and noting, to determine the odor, whether it was perceived as very strong,
strong, moderately strong, weak, or very weak. Subsequently, in glossiness, the
participants applied the floor wax samples onto identical floor surfaces, and the
gloss was evaluated visually under controlled lighting conditions to get the data
on the glossiness. The pH levels of the floor wax samples were measured using
a pH digital meter, with the probe inserted into each sample to obtain accurate
readings, and this information was used as data for pH level.
Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was applied to determine the significant
difference in the effectiveness of floor wax made from powdered Gumamela
Hibiscus rosa leaf, coconut Cocos nucifera oil, and candle at different
concentrations in terms of texture, odor, glossiness, and pH level when
compared to commercially available floor wax.
Ways of Proper Waste Disposal
22
The science materials used in the study were washed thoroughly and
sanitized for future use. While the other materials that were excess and wastes
that couldn’t be recycled were buried 60 centimeters below the ground.
Collection of Collection and Collection of

Gumamela Preparation of Candles
Leaves Research Materials,
Tools and Equipments
Wash Tap Water

Wash Tap Water
Sun Dry 48 hrs.

Air Dry 4 hrs.
Mortar and
Pound Pestle
Filter Sifter
J.M., Zamora, J.C., Zamora, K.F., 2023-2024 Digital
Weigh Balance
23
Figure 1. Flow of Processes in Making Alternative Floor Wax and Testing its
Effectiveness.
24
Figure 2. Collection of Gumamela Leaves
Figure 3. Washing of Gumamela Leaves
25
Figure 4. Sun-drying of Gumamela Leaves
Figure 5. Washing of Containers
26
Figure 6. Air-drying of Containers
Figure 7. Pounding of Gumamela Leaves
27
Figure 8. Pounding of Candles
Figure 9. Weighing the Powdered Gumamela Leaves
28
Figure 10. Weighing the Pounded Candles
Figure 11. Measuring of Coconut Oil
29
Figure 12 Transferring the Coconut Oil to the Beaker
Figure 13. Adding Candles to the Beaker
30
Figure 14. Stirring the Candles with Coconut Oil to mix well
Figure 15. Adding Powdered Gumamela Leaves to the Beaker
31
Figure 16. Stirring the Powdered Gumamela Leaves with Candles and Coconut
Oil to mix well
Figure 17. Letting the combined Powdered Gumamela Leaves, Candle, and
Coconut Oil reduce its temperature
Chapter IV
Results and Discussion

FINDINGS
The results of experimentation on the effectiveness of powdered
gumamela Hibiscus rosa leaf, coconut Cocos nucifera oil, and candle as an
alternative floor wax are presented in Table 1.
Table 1. Average Data Results of the Survey on The Effectiveness of

Powdered Gumamela Hibiscus rosa Leaf, Coconut Cocos nucifera Oil, and
Candle as an Alternative Floor Wax in Terms of Texture, Odor, Glossiness,
and pH Level
32
Treatments Average Average Average Average pH

Texture Odor Glossiness Level
A 4.47 3.37 3.03 4.47
B 4.60 2.87 3.50 4.60
C 4.17 2.73 3.37 4.57
D 4.57 3.67 3.67 4.50
E 4.90 4.43 4.57 8.00
Texture. Table 1 shows that Treatment E (4.90) has the smoothest
texture among the other treatments. In the experimental group, Treatment B
(4.60) has the smoothest texture, and Treatment C (4.17) has the roughest
texture among the other treatments. This means that floor wax with a high
amount of powdered gumamela leaf are showing the smoothest texture
compared to other treatments.
Odor. In terms of odor, Treatment E (4.43) has the strongest odor when
compared to Treatment A to D. In the experimental group, Treatment D (3.67)
has the strongest odor and Treatment C (2.73) has the weakest odor. This
implies that treatment with the least amount of powdered gumamela leaf has the
strongest odor.
Glossiness. In terms of glossiness, Treatment E (4.57) is the most shiny
among the other treatments. In the experimental group, Treatment D (3.67) is the
most shiny, and Treatment A (3.03) is the least shiny when compared to the
other experiments. This means that the treatments with the least amount of
powdered gumamela leaf are the most glossy.
33
pH Level. In terms of its pH level, Treatment E (8.00) is acidic and
Treatments A to D is alkaline or base.
Table 2. ANOVA Results on The Effectiveness of Powdered

Gumamela Hibiscus rosa Leaf, Coconut Cocos nucifera Oil, and Candle as
an Alternative Floor Wax as to Texture
Source of Sum of df Mean F Sig.
Variation Squares Square
Between .836 4 .209 2.986 .073
Groups
Within .700 10 .070
Groups
Total 1.536 14
As shown in Table 2, it shows that there is no significant difference in the
effectiveness of powdered gumamela leaf, coconut oil, and candle as an
alternative floor wax as to texture, F (4,10) =2.986, p>0.05. Hence, the null
hypothesis is accepted. This means that the amount of powdered oregano leaf
have the same level of effectiveness in terms of Texture.

an Alternative Floor Wax in Terms of Odor
Source of Sum of Squares df Mean F Sig.
Variation Square
Between 5.604 4 1.401 17.660 .000
Groups
Within .793 10 .079
Groups
Total 6.397 14
As presented in Table 3, it reveals that there is a significant difference that
exists in the effectiveness of powdered gumamela leaf, coconut oil, and candle
34
as an alternative floor wax as to odor, F (4,10) =17.660, p<0.05. Therefore, the
null hypothesis is rejected. This means that the different concentrations of
powdered gumamela leaf can affect its odor.
Table 4. Duncan Multiple Level Test on The Effectiveness of

Candle as an Alternative Floor Wax in Terms of Odor
Subset for alpha = 0.05
Treatment N 1 2 3 4
Treatment A 3 2.7333
Treatment B 3 2.8667 2.8667
Treatment C 3 3.3667 3.3667
Treatment D 3 3.6667
Treatment E 3 4.4333
Sig. 575 055 221 1.000
Treatment E has the strongest odor.

an Alternative Floor Wax in Terms of Gloss
Variation Square
Between 3.963 4 .991 8.491 .003
Groups
Within 1.167 10 .117
Groups
Total 5.129 14
As presented in Table 4, it indicates that there is a significant difference
that exists in the effectiveness of powdered gumamela leaf, coconut oil, and
candle as an alternative floor wax as to gloss, F (4,10) =8.491, p<0.05.
35
Therefore, the null hypothesis is rejected. This means that the lesser the amount
of powdered gumamela leaf the glossy the floor wax.

Candle as an Alternative Floor Wax in Terms of Glossiness
Treatment N 1 2
Treatment B 3 3.3667
Treatment C 3 3.5000
Sig. 060 1.000
Treatment E is Very Glossy.

an Alternative Floor Wax in Terms of pH Level
Variation Square
Between 28.876 4 7.219 636.971 .000
Groups
Within .113 10 .011
Groups
Total 28.989 14
As presented in Table 5, it indicates that there is a significant difference
that exists in the effectiveness of powdered gumamela, coconut oil, and candle
as an alternative floor wax to gloss, F (4,10) =636.971, p<0.05. Therefore, the
36
null hypothesis is rejected. This means that the higher the amount of powdered
gumamela leaf the floor wax is considered alkaline or base.

Candle as an Alternative Floor Wax in Terms of pH Level
Treatment N 1 2
Treatment B 3 4.5000
Treatment C 3 4.5667
Sig. 183 1.000
Treatment E is Acidic.
The graphical trends between each treatment and the texture, odor,
glossiness, and pH level on the effectiveness of powdered gumamela Hibiscus
rosa leaf, coconut Cocos nucifera oil, and candle as an alternative floor wax are
shown in Figures 18, 19, 20, and 21.
37
Texture
4.9
4.8
Average Texture of Floor Wax
4.6
4.6
4.47 4.57
4.4
4.2
4.17
3.8
A
B
C
D
E
Treatments
Figure 18. The Graphical Trends Between Each Treatment on the

Average Texture on The Effectiveness of Powdered Gumamela Hibiscus rosa
Leaf, Coconut Cocos nucifera Oil, and Candle as an Alternative Floor Wax
38
Odor
4.5
4.43
4
3.37
3.5 3.67
Average Odor of floor Wax
3 2.87
2.73
2.5
1.5
0.5
0
A
B
C
D
E
Treatments

Average Odor on The Effectiveness of Powdered Gumamela Hibiscus rosa Leaf,
Coconut Cocos nucifera Oil, and Candle as an Alternative Floor Wax
39
Glossiness
5
4.5
4.57
4
Average Glossiness of Floor Wax
3.5
3.5 3.03 3.37 3.67
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
A
B
C
D
E
Treatments

Average Glossiness on The Effectiveness of Powdered Gumamela Hibiscus rosa
40
pH Level
8
8
7
6
Average pH Level of Floor Wax
5 4.47 4.6
4.57
4 4.5
0
A
B
C
D
E
Treatments

Average pH Level on The Effectiveness of Powdered Gumamela Hibiscus rosa
41
Chapter V
Conclusions and Recommendations
This chapter presents the conclusion and recommendation of the study
Conclusion
Based on the results of the study, the researchers concluded that
powdered gumamela leaf, coconut oil, and candle could be an effective
alternative floor wax. The 11.3 grams of powdered gumamela, 15 mL of coconut
oil, and 10 grams of a candle as floor wax are the most effective and feasible
substitutes for commercial floor wax and showed effective results in enhancing
their texture, odor, and glossiness when cleaning floors. The components of
gumamela leaf helped with the texture while the coconut oil contributed to the
gloss of the floor wax and the candle acted as the solidification agent. The
alternative floor wax is environment-friendly, readily available, cost-efficient, and
can be best substitute for commercial floor wax.
Recommendations
Given the results of the study, the researchers recommend that further
study must be conducted to fully confirm the effectiveness of powdered
42
gumamela leaf, coconut oil, and candle as an alternative floor wax. Moreover, a
thorough study must be done especially on the components of the gumamela
leaves. It is also suggested that more scientific research on this study is
recommended in obtaining gloss substance from gumamela leaf. Other
components or variables must be expressed as well as testing in highly
sophisticated institutions must be done for its commercializations.
43
References
Gumamela Plant | Floral Studio. (n.d.). Floral Studio. https://floral-

studio.weeblysite.com/product/gumamela-plant/5
coconut oil. (2024). In Merriam-Webster Dictionary. https://www.merriam-
webster.com/dictionary/coconut%20oil
candle. (2024). https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/candle
floor wax, floor waxes- WordWeb dictionary definition. (n.d.).
https://www.wordwebonline.com/en/FLOORWAX
Dictionary.com | Meanings & Definitions of English Words. (2020). In
Dictionary.com. https://www.dictionary.com/browse/odor
Texture - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms. (n.d.). In Vocabulary.com.
https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/texture#:~:text=Texture%20is%20the
%20physical%20feel,object%20feels%20and%20its%20ingredients
glossiness. (2024).
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/glossiness
Helmenstine, A. M., PhD. (2019, May 7). PH Definition and Equation in
Chemistry. ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/definition-of-ph-in-chemistry-
604605
Sabella, M. (2023, December 1). 6 types of candle wax and when to use them.
The Spruce. https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.thespruce.com/types-of-
candle-wax
5323778&sa=U&sqi=2&ved=2ahUKEwjSx6HnwOKFAxW8l1YBHY8UBi8QFnoE
CDUQAQ&usg=AOvVaw3czPT5X_wn-b5zd-bXS_tp
Tcsfloors. (2016, June. An Introduction to Floor wax | TCS Floor Care Experts.
TCS Floors. https://www.tcsfloors.com/an-introduction-to-floor-wax
What makes coconut oil suitable for floor wax? | 5 Answers from Research
papers. (n.d.). SciSpace - Question. https://typeset.io/questions/what-makes-
coconut-oil-suitable-for-floor-wax-59cadezxu4
Jaitiwari. (2022, November. Four benefits of regularly waxing your floor. Les
Services d’entre. https://www.valpro.ca/en/post/four-benefits-of-regularly-waxing-
your-floor
44
Hibiscus leaf powder / Semparuthi leaf powder – Moolihai USA. (n.d.).

https://moolihaiusa.com/product/hibiscus-leaf-powder/
Appendices
45
Appendix A. A Research Paradigm on the Effectiveness of Powdered

Gumamela Hibiscus rosa Leaf, Coconut Cocos nucifera Oil, and
Candle as an Alternative Floor Wax
Independent Variables Dependent Variables
Treatment A
15 g powdered gumamela
leaf (100%) + 50 mL
coconut oil + 15 g candle
Texture
Treatment B
11.3 g powdered
50 mL coconut oil + 15 g Odor
candle
Treatment C
Floor
7.5 g powdered Wax Gloss
candle
Treatment D pH level
3.3 g powdered
candle
Treatment F (Floor Wax)

Commercial Floor Wax
46
Appendix B. Average Data Results of the Survey on the Effectiveness of

Texture
Treatments Texture Mean
Treatment A
15 g powdered gumamela leaves
(100%) + 50 ml coconut oil + 15 g
candle
Replicate 1 4.8
Replicate 2 4.4 4.47
Replicate 3 4.2
Treatment B
11.3 g powdered gumamela leaves
(75%) + 50 ml coconut oil + 15 g
candle
Replicate 1 4.7
Replicate 2 4.3 4.6
Replicate 3 4.8
Treatment C
candle
Replicate 1 4.6
Replicate 3 3.8
Treatment D
candle
Replicate 1 4.4
Replicate 3 4.6
Treatment E
Commercial floor wax
Replicate 1 4.9
Replicate 2 4.9 4.9
47
Replicate 3 4.9
Appendix C. Average Data Results of the Survey on the Effectiveness of
Odor
Treatments Odor Mean
Treatment A
(100%) + 50 ml coconut oil + 15 g
candle
Replicate 1 3.5
Replicate 3 3.3
Treatment B
candle
Replicate 1 3
Replicate 3 3
Treatment C
candle
Replicate 1 2.7
Replicate 3 2.8
Treatment D
candle
Replicate 1 3.2
Replicate 3 4.3
Treatment E
Replicate 1 4.5
48
Replicate 3 4.4
Appendix D. Average Data Results of the Survey on the Effectiveness of
Glossiness
Treatments Glossiness Mean
Treatment A
(100%) + 50 ml coconut oil + 15 g
candle
Replicate 1 2.8
Replicate 3 3.2
Treatment B
candle
Replicate 1 3.6
Replicate 2 3.1 3.5
Replicate 3 3.8
Treatment C
candle
Replicate 1 3.3
Replicate 3 3.4
Treatment D
candle
Replicate 1 4.4
Replicate 3 3.3
Treatment E
Replicate 1 4.6
49
Replicate 3 4.5
Appendix E. Average Data Results of the Survey on the Effectiveness of
pH Level
Treatments pH level Mean
Treatment A
(100%) + 50 ml coconut oil + 15 g
candle
Replicate 1 4.4
Replicate 3 4.4
Treatment B
candle
Replicate 1 4.7
Replicate 2 4.5 4.6
Replicate 3 4.6
Treatment C
candle
Replicate 1 4.6
Replicate 3 4.4
Treatment D
candle
Replicate 1 4.5
Replicate 2 4.6 4.5
Replicate 3 4.4
Treatment E
Replicate 1
Replicate 2 4.7 4.7
50
Replicate 3
Appendix F. Estimated Cost of Powdered Gumamela Hibiscus rosa Leaf,
Coconut Cocos nucifera Oil, and Candle as an Alternative Floor
Wax, respectively
Basis: POWDERED GUMAMELA Hibiscus rosa LEAF, COCONUT Cocos

nucifera OIL, AND CANDLE AS AN ALTERNATIVE FLOOR WAX
Raw Materials Amount Used Unit Cost Total Cost
Powdered 112 g 0.00 0.00
Gumamela Leaf
Coconut Oil 1.5 L 0.00 0.00
Candle 20 pcs. 3.00 60.00
Commercial 1 pc. 35.00 35.00
Floorwax
Plastic Container 15 pcs. 8.00 120.00
Total 46.00 215.00
51
Profile of Researchers
NAME: Kirshie Ceilo L. Labanon

ADDRESS: Lupa-an, Laua-an, Antique
BIRTHDAY: May 19, 2006
AGE: 17 Years Old
NAME: Ryan John S. Arguelles

ADDRESS: Lugta, Laua-an, Antique
BIRTHDAY: April 1, 2006
52
AGE: 18 Years Old
NAME: Edjhon Chris R. Dubria

ADDRESS: Guinbanga-an, Laua-an, Antique
AGE: 18 Years Old
NAME: Tiffany Marie S. Dubria

ADDRESS: Guinbanga-an, Laua-an, Antique
BIRTHDAY: February 9, 2006
AGE: 18 Years Old
53
NAME: Jonaly I. Moos

ADDRESS: Pandanan, Laua-an, Antique
BIRTHDAY: September 28, 2000
AGE: 23
NAME: John Michael Santos

ADDRESS: Leon, Laua-an, Antique
AGE: 18
54
NAME: John Carlo J. Zamora

ADDRESS: Maria, Laua-an, Antique
AGE: 19 Years Old
NAME: Krisha Faye O. Zamora

ADDRESS: Jaguicuican, Laua-an, Antique
BIRTHDAY: October 4, 2005
AGE: 19

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Republic of the Philippines

This research paper titled, “Effectiveness of Powdered Gumamela

Hibiscus rosa leaf, Coconut Cocos nucifera Oil, and Candle as an

Alternative Floor Wax” submitted by KIRSHIE CEILO L. LABANON, RYAN

JOHN S. ARGUELLES, EDJHON CHRIS R. DUBRIA, TIFFANY MARIE S.

DUBRIA, JONALY I. MOOS, JOHN MICHAEL SANTOS, JOHN CARLO J.

ZAMORA, KRISHA FAYE O. ZAMORA, in partial fulfillment of the requirements

for the subject PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2 is hereby approved.

ROSTERBEN J. ARDENIO REYNOLD P. DUBRIA

Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject Practical

Research 2 (Quantitative Research).

VENUS DIVINIA F. NIETES

organizations whose contributions have led to the successful completion of our

experimental research project. Without their support, guidance, and collaboration,

this study would not have been achievable.

Foremost, we express our profound thanks to our esteemed faculty

advisor, Shannon L. Nietes, for their invaluable guidance, expertise, and

unwavering support throughout the research process. Their dedication, insightful

We are thankful to the administration and faculty of Col. Ruperto Abellon

access to research materials. Their commitment to fostering a culture of research

and academic excellence has been pivotal to our endeavors.

Our sincere appreciation goes to our classmates and friends who

supported us throughout this research journey. Their encouragement,

and strengthening our findings.

Lastly, we express our gratitude to our families for their unwavering

support, understanding, and encouragement throughout this research endeavor.

pillars of strength, our sounding boards, and unwavering sources of

guidance, wisdom, and unconditional love.

Once again, we extend our heartfelt appreciation to everyone involved in

played an indispensable role in our academic and personal growth.

Thank you all.

been a beacon of inspiration throughout this academic journey. Additionally, we

providing the nurturing environment and educational foundation that have

empowered us to pursue our academic aspirations. This dedication symbolizes

our enduring commitment to honoring the invaluable relationships and institutions

that have shaped our lives and academic endeavors.

Krisha Faye O. Zamora

the components of powdered gumamela leaf, coconut oil, and candle as an

amounts can affect the texture, odor, glossiness, and pH level.

Findings confirmed that the alternative floor wax is an effective and

environment-friendly, readily available, cost-efficient, and can best substitute for

commercial floor wax.

Keywords: Floor Wax, Powdered Gumamela Leaf, Coconut Oil, Candle

KIRSHIE CEILO L. LABANON May 13, 2024

Title Page Page

II Review of Related Literature

IV Results and Discussion

Duncan Multiple Level Test on The Effectiveness of Powdered

1 Flow of processes in Making Alternative Floor Wax and Testing its

Alternative Floor Wax

21 The Graphical Trends Between Each Treatment on the Average

Introduction to the Study

Problem, (3) Hypothesis, (4) Conceptual Framework, (5) Significance of the

Background of the Study

finish of floors. (Merriam-Webster Dictionary, 2022). It is a type of protective

coating applied to hard flooring surfaces, such as wood, tile, or linoleum, to

enhance their appearance, provide a durable layer of protection against wear

depending on the desired look.

Additionally, it is used to lessen the dust on the floors. People should

house look more appealing.

any flooring including concrete, ceramic, and vinyl.

The alternative floor wax is a practical approach to people to help them be

resourceful in their surroundings.

Statement of the Problem