Service Information

Document Title: Function Group: Information Type: Date:

Power distribution and ATC, 468 Service Information 21-Feb-23
description
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A60H Volvo

Power distribution and ATC, description

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A60H Volvo

Valid from software baseline

ART_3.0v2.0[T1]i

[T1]Earlier software versions are documented in Service Bulletin 366 ART 516

NOTE!
It is very important that the machine is upgraded with the latest available software. This will include the latest available changes
and corrections.

The anti-spin function controls engagement and disengagement of the differential lock in the dropbox, the differential locks out
to the wheels, as well as engagement and disengagement of drive to the rear bogie axle. The function uses a number of signals
to calculate slipping. The most important are the rpm difference between the wheels on the drive axles and the steering angle,
that is, the drive axle's position in relation to the steering joint.
The function can be controlled both manually and automatically with a switch on the machine's instrument panel or with a foot
control.
Figure 1
Overview, differential locks

1. Differential lock, front axle

2. Differential lock, dropbox
3. Drive, rear bogie axle
4. Differential lock, front bogie axle
5. Differential lock, rear bogie axle

Switch ATC on/off

ATC (Automatic Traction Control) is the machine's basic mode but engagement and disengagement of differential locks and
drive to the rear bogie axle can also be controlled with switch SW4606 on the control panel.

Figure 2
SW4606, ATC on/off
Activation of ATC automatically engages the differential lock in the dropbox and drive to the rear bogie axle to reduce slipping.
Engagement and disengagement of the differential lock in the dropbox and drive to the rear bogie axle take place independent
of each other.
The differential lock in the dropbox is also engaged to boost braking action when the parking brake is activated.
The rocker-switch SW4606, on the cab's control panel, controls engagement and disengagement of the differential lock in the
dropbox as well as drive to the rear bogie axle. The switch enables changing between three positions:

¡ alternately permanent engaged and disengaged differential lock in the dropbox, respectively, and drive to the
rear bogie axle;
activated alternately (on/off) with the switch in rocker position (1)
¡ disengaged differential lock in the dropbox and drive to the rear bogie axle;
activated when the switch is moved from position (3) to position (2).
This position is also the basic position for alternate engagement and disengagement of the differential lock in the
dropbox and drive to the rear bogie axle (on/off)
¡ ATC activated;
activated when the switch is in position (3)

Figure 3
SW4606, ATC on/off

1. Rocker position: Engagement and disengagement of permanent differential lock in the dropbox and drive to rear bogie
axle
2. ATC deactivated. The middle position (2) is also basic position for this 'rocker' function(1). If the differential lock in the
dropbox and drive to the rear bogie axle are engaged in this position, the control light for ATC and symbols for
differential lock in the dropbox and drive to the rear bogie axle are activated on the instrument panel.
3. ATC activated

It is possible to use the switch to change between permanently engaged and disengaged longitudinal differential lock in the
dropbox, respectively, and heel drive to the rear bogie axle, regardless of speed. The electronic monitoring makes sure that
mechanical engagement and disengagement takes place when the right conditions are fulfilled.
The machine always starts in the last switch position when the machine was switched off.
The control light for ATC on the instrument panel turns on when ATC is disengaged.

Figure 4
Control light ATC turns on when ATC is disengaged
For more information on ATC software, see section Software description below.
Foot control SW4604, Activating all differential locks and drive to rear bogie axle
Pressing down foot control SW4604, located on the floor in the cab, manually activates all differential locks and drive to the rear
bogie axle temporarily. The differential locks are active for as long as the button is pressed in. However, the software monitors
and prevents actions in such a way that the drivetrain is damaged.
Figure 5
SW4604, Activating all differential locks and drive to rear bogie axle
Function description

Figure 6
Component position

1 SE4212 Sensor, input rpm, transmission 9 SE4608 Sensor, air pressure, trailer
2 SE4307 Sensor, output speed, transmission MA4601 Engagement, transverse differential locks,
bogie axles
3 SE4309 Sensor, front output rpm, dropbox MA4602, Engagement drive, rear bogie axle
4 SE4607 Monitor, position longitudinal differential 10
lock (engaged or disengaged)
5 SE4311 Sensor, rear output rpm, dropbox 11
6 SE4310 Sensor, input rpm, rear bogie axle 12
7 SE6403 Sensor, steering angle 13
8 SE5501 Sensor, pressure parking brake
SE3801 Sensor, longitudinal inclination
SW4604 All differential locks
SW4606, ATC on/off
SE4604, Engagement differential lock, dropbox
MA4603, Engagement differential lock, front axle

The ATC–function is controlled by signals from a number of sensors, see figure above, which controls engagement and
disengagement of the differential lock for the dropbox as well as drive to the rear bogie axle. The differential lock for the
dropbox and drive to the rear bogie axle consist of dog-clutches that are controlled pneumatically using solenoid valves. ATC
monitors and prevents actions in such a way that the drivetrain is damaged, which can take place at, e.g., too high rpm
difference between the differentials. This monitoring takes place regardless of if engagement is automatic or manual.
The machine's inclination sensor, SE3801 Sensor, longitudinal inclination, located in the cab, is used to hold the differential lock
for the dropbox and drive to the rear bogie axle in engaged position if the grade is too steep.
NOTE!
Values from SE3801 Sensor, longitudinal inclination, are not shown on the information display unit.

For more detailed information on drive, see Drive axles, description.

Tech Tool
Display of indicator lights for ATC on the information display unit can be activated and deactivated with Tech Tool.
Calibration
In the function for ATC there are calibration functions for steering angle and tires. When machine speed exceeds 38 km/h (23.6
mph), steering angle and tire calibration are active.

¡ Steering angle calibration:

Calculates and corrects displacement of the sensor for the steering's middle position. The value is used to calculate
slipping.
Four valid calibrations of 75 seconds each (do not have to be in a row) are required, a total of 300 seconds, for a change
of the calibration value to take place.
¡ Tire calibration:
Tire calibration takes place if there are deviations in rpm between the axles caused by different tire sizes. A straight road
2 km long (1.4 mi) is needed in order to perform the calibration.

Stationary brake test

When the stationary brake test is performed, all differential locks and drive to the rear bogie axle are engaged automatically.
Display on instrument panel
When the differential locks or drive to the rear bogie axle are engaged, the indicator lights are activated on the information
display unit. This display can be deactivated for ATC, see Parameters in the software description below. If the differential locks
have been activated with the foot control SW4604, the display is always active.
Figure 7
Indicator lights differential locks and drive to rear bogie axle
ATC can end up in failure mode, see section ATC failure mode in the software description. When this occurs, engagement and
disengagement of the differential lock in the dropbox and drive to the rear bogie axle is not handled automatically.
In case of ATC failure mode, an amber alarm display is shown on the instrument panel.

Figure 8

1. Check
2. ATC failure

Compressed air system

The differential lock in the dropbox, drive to the rear bogie axle and the transverse differential locks are connected to the same
compressed air circuit. The differential lock in the dropbox is engaged with spring force and disengaged with compressed air,
while all others are engaged with engaged with compressed air and disengaged with spring force. When the air pressure is
below 6.1 bar (88 psi), the dog-clutch for the differential lock in the dropbox is engaged while the others are disengaged. The
compressed air system is monitored by pressure sensor SE4608.
For more information on compressed air system, see Compressed air diagram.
For more information on differential locks, see Drive axles, description
Software description

Input Reaction to incorrect input signal

Parameter: (QM) Tire size Parameter: (QM) Tire size, failure
Parameter: (GIV) Display of diff-locks on driver display with Display assumed
ATC
Parking brake applied Parking brake, failure
Compressed air trailer (SE4608) compressed air status failure
Steering angle (SE6403) 0° is assumed
Front output speed, dropbox to front axle (rpm) (SE4309) 0 rpm is assumed
Rear output speed, dropbox (rpm) (SE4311) 0 rpm is assumed
Input speed rear bogie axle (rpm) (SE4310) 0 rpm is assumed
Differential lock dropbox engaged (SE4607) differential lock failure
Switch automatic handling longitudinal differential (SW4606) ATC not active assumed
Position gear selector (R, N, F1, F2, (F3)) (SE4201) gear selector failure
Current longitudinal inclination (%) 0% assumed
Solenoid valve transverse diff. lock front not active assumed
Solenoid valve longitudinal diff. lock 6x6 active assumed
Solenoid valve transverse diff. bogie not active assumed
Switch all differential locks (SW4604) switch failure
Switch, ATC on/off (SW4606) automatic handling of ATC failure

Overview ATC is a schematic illustration of the function

description as shown below.
Overview ATC
Request for activation
Retaining request

Conditions for activation

Retaining activation

Missed activation

Activation

When brake is mentioned in the following text it refers to both engine brake and service brake.
Request for activation

Request for activation of differential lock in the dropbox takes place when one of the following condition combinations
is fulfilled:

¡ Slipping (rpm difference) at the differential lock in the dropbox and brake not activated.
¡ Slipping at the differential lock in the dropbox, speed below 4.5 km/h (2.8 mph), and brake activated.
¡ All differential locks requested with switch on floor (SW4604).
¡ Differential lock in dropbox activated with switch ATC on/off (SW4606)
¡ Dropbox input torque is above the limit value, front or rear.
¡ Machine's longitudinal inclination is greater than 40%.
¡ Low air pressure or sensor failure.

Request for activation of drive to the rear bogie axle takes place when one of the following condition combinations is
fulfilled:

¡ Slipping (rpm difference) at the clutch for drive to the rear bogie axle, speed below 20 km/h (12.4 mph), and brake not
activated.
¡ Slipping (rpm difference) at the clutch for drive to the rear bogie axle, speed below 4.5 km/h (2.8 mph), and brake
activated.
¡ All differential locks requested with switch on floor (SW4604).
¡ Drive to rear bogie axle activated with switch ATC on/off (SW4606).
¡ Dropbox input torque is above the limit value, front or rear.
¡ The retarder pedal is activated and the transmission is not in neutral. Can be set with parameter (DQQ).
¡ Transmission in 1st gear reverse.

Retaining request
If there is a request for activation of the differential lock in the dropbox and drive to the rear bogie axle, a hold request is also
generated when the following conditions are fulfilled:
If there is a request for activation of the differential lock in the dropbox and drive to the rear bogie axle, a hold request
is also generated when the following conditions are fulfilled:

¡ differential lock in the dropbox is activated, and any of the following conditions below
 ¡ machine's longitudinal angle is greater than 10%
¡ slipping detected in clutch for drive to rear bogie axle
¡ Low air pressure or sensor failure.

If there is a request for activation of drive to the rear bogie axle, a hold request is also generated when the following
conditions are fulfilled:

¡ drive to rear bogie axle is activated

¡ machine's longitudinal angle greater than 10%.

Conditions for activation

For activation of the differential lock in the dropbox and drive to the rear bogie axle, the following conditions must be fulfilled.
For activation of the differential lock in the dropbox, the following conditions must be fulfilled.

¡ speed below 65 km/h (40.4 mph)

¡ rpm difference in the differential lock is within the limit value.

For activation of drive to the rear bogie axle, the following conditions must be fulfilled.

¡ speed below 65 km/h (40.4 mph)

¡ compressed air status is ok
¡ rpm difference in the clutch is within the limit value.

To issue an alert when the time between activation and mechanical application of the differential lock in the dropbox is
abnormally long, the (SAE) ATC Monitor Activation Time, Enable parameter can be set to ON. Alarm display, Amber warning, ATC
long connection time, will then appear in the information display unit in the event of abnormal connection time.
Retaining activation
At activation of drive to the rear bogie axle or when the dropbox torque has exceeded the limit value and then drops below the
limit value, a retaining activation is performed for 4–20 seconds depending on the machine speed.
If the differential lock is to be activated for longer is decided by other current conditions.
Extended engagement
The function 'extended engagement' has the function of avoiding unnecessary engagements of the differential lock in the
dropbox.
When the differential lock in the dropbox has been engaged and a new request for engagement takes place within 10 seconds,
the differential lock remains engaged for twice as long at the next engagement. If the request is repeated within 10 seconds after
the extended engagement, the differential lock remains engaged for three times as long at the next engagement, which also
takes place when a request for engagement is repeated a third time. After three extended engagements, the function returns to
normal mode.
At speeds below 20 km/h (12.4 mph) extended engagement applies also applies for engagement of drive for the rear bogie axle.

Figure 9
Extended engagement at repeated activation within 10 seconds

White arrow — retention (activation remains) of differential lock in dropbox

Black arrow — request for engagement of differential lock in dropbox

Missed activation
Missed activation is caused by an engagement not having enough time to take place due to too high rpm difference being
detected in the dropbox, at the same time as the accelerator pedal is activated and the brake is not activated. After a missed
activation the requirement is reduced for activation of the differential lock in the dropbox/drive to the rear bogie axle with
regards to the rpm difference.
The following must take place to return to the normal requirement for activation:

¡ an activation after a missed activation must be performed

or
¡ there may be no request for activation and the rpm difference in the dropbox must be within the limit value.

ATC failure mode

If a signal that affects ATC disappears or is incorrect the function goes to failure mode. Clutches are no longer engaged and
disengaged automatically. When ATC failure mode occurs, an amber alarm display figure is shown on the display.
There are two failure modes for ATC:

¡ Failure mode
¡ Failure mode speed

Failure mode
Failure mode occurs if steering angle ATC or value for tire calibration is outside their limit values.
If failure mode occurs, it results in activation of:

¡ differential lock in dropbox if machine speed is below 15 km/h (9.3 mph) and the rpm difference in the differential
lock is lower than the limit value. Activation remains, regardless of rpm and speed, as long as failure mode remains.
¡ drive to rear bogie axle if failure mode occurs, drive to the rear bogie axle is activated if machine speed is below 15
km/h (9.3 mph) and the rpm difference in the clutch is lower than the limit value and compressed air status is ok.
Activation remains, regardless of rpm and speed, as long as failure mode remains and compressed air status is ok.

Failure mode speed

Failure mode speed occurs if any of the input signals for rpm ATC is defective.
If failure mode speed occurs, it results in activation of:

¡ differential lock in dropbox if machine speed is below 5 km/h (3.1 mph). Activation remains, regardless of rpm and
speed, as long as failure mode remains.
¡ drive to rear bogie axle if machine speed is below 5 km/h (3.1 mph) and compressed air status is ok. Activation
remains, regardless of rpm and speed, as long as failure mode remains and compressed air status is ok.

Parameters

¡ (DQQ) Engagement of longitudinal diff. At retarder use.

¡ (GIV) Display of diff-locks on driver display with ATC
¡ (QM) Tire size
¡ (RIQ) Automatic request 6x6-activation request, type
¡ (SAE) ATC Monitor Activation Time, Enable

For more detailed information on software parameters, see Software parameters, description.
Supplementary information

¡ Compressed air diagram

¡ Wiring diagram WD403
¡ SE3801, description and measuring
¡ SE4212, description and measuring
¡ SE4307, description and measuring
¡ SE4309, description and measuring
¡ SE4310, description and measuring
 ¡ SE4311, description and measuring
¡ SE4607, description and measuring
¡ SE4608, description and measuring
¡ SE5501, description and measuring
¡ SE6403, description and measuring
¡ MA4601-MA4603, description and measuring
¡ MA4604, description and measuring
¡ Compressed air system, component location
¡ Inclination, description
¡ Drive axles, description

Function check
Tech Tool, operations related to ATC:

¡ 46075-3 Sensor ATC, check

Diagnostics
Detailed information regarding appropriate warnings and error codes for the components can be found under the Diagnostics
tab in PROSIS.

¡ MID249 PSID47 ATC

¡ MID249 PSID48 ATC, steering angle sensor
¡ MID249 PSID49 ATC, diff. pos.
¡ MID249 PSID49 ATC, diff. pos.
¡ MID249 PID380 (SE6403)
¡ MID249 PPID1409 (SE4309)
¡ MID249 PPID1410 (SE4310)
¡ MID249 PPID1205 (SE4311)
¡ MID249 PPID1411 (SE4608)
¡ MID187 PPID1083 (SE3801)
¡ MID187 PID161 (SE4212)
¡ MID187 PID191 (SE4307)
¡ MID249 PSID56 (MA4601)
¡ MID249 PSID55 (MA4602)
¡ MID249 PSID57 (MA4603)
¡ MID249 PSID58 (MA4604)
¡ MID187 PPID1411 (SE5501)

Message in the machine's message list:

¡ Check Steering Angle Sensor (SE6403)

¡ Check Diff Lock System Error (MA4604)
¡ Check ATC Air Pressure Sensor (SE4608)
¡ Check Diff Lock System Error (MA4602)