Q Bank Ed-10 of Maths IV

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Student Name and Roll No-
MATHS-IV
(For AKTU Lucknow Students)
Q Bank (Edition-10.0) 2023

Check for Updated Q Bank & study material on
Q Bank / Tutorial Sheet www.saurabhsir.com
36
 Unit-I (Partial Differential Equation) Page-3(or Click)
 Unit-II (Application of Partial Differential Equation) Page-7 (or Click)
 Unit-III (Statistical Technique-I) Page-10 (or Click)
 Unit-IV (Statistical Technique-II) Page-16 (or Click)
 Unit-V (Statistical Technique-III) Page-21 (or Click)
Video Lectures
 Unit-I,II,III,IV,V
By
SAURABH SIR
(Assistant Professor)
www.SaurabhSir.com
1st Unit (Partial Differential Equation) by Saurabh sir |P a g e | 2
Syllabus
Mathematics-IV (PDE, Probability and Statistics)
Module I: Partial Differential Equations
Origin of Partial Differential Equations, Linear and Non-Linear Partial Equations of first order,
Lagrange’s Equations, Charpit’s method, Cauchy’s method of Characteristics, Solution of Linear Partial
Differential Equation of Higher order with constant coefficients, Equations reducible to linear partial
differential equations with constant coefficients.
Module II: Applications of Partial Differential Equations:

Classification of linear partial differential equation of second order, Method of separation of variables,
Solution of wave and heat conduction equation up to two-dimension, Laplace equation in two
dimensions, Equations of Transmission lines.
Module III: Statistical Techniques I:

Introduction: Measures of central tendency, Moments, Moment generating function (MGF) , Skewness,
Kurtosis, Curve Fitting , Method of least squares, Fitting of straight lines, Fitting of second degree
parabola, Exponential curves ,Correlation and Rank correlation, Regression Analysis: Regression lines
of y on x and x on y, regression coefficients, properties of regressions coefficients and non linear
regression.
Module IV: Statistical Techniques II:

Probability and Distribution: Introduction, Addition and multiplication law of probability,
Conditional probability, Baye’s theorem, Random variables (Discrete and Continuous Random
variable) Probability mass function and Probability density function, Expectation and variance, Discrete
and Continuous Probability distribution: Binomial, Poisson and Normal distributions.
Module V: Statistical Techniques III:

Sampling, Testing of Hypothesis and Statistical Quality Control: Introduction , Sampling Theory
(Small and Large) , Hypothesis, Null hypothesis, Alternative hypothesis, Testing a Hypothesis, Level
of significance, Confidence limits, Test of significance of difference of means, T-test, F-test and Chi-
square test, One way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).Statistical Quality Control (SQC) , Control
Charts , Control Charts for variables ( X and R Charts), Control Charts for Variables ( p, np and C charts).
Text Books
1. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 9thEdition, John Wiley & Sons, 2006.
2. P. G. Hoel, S. C. Port and C. J. Stone, Introduction to Probability Theory, Universal Book Stall, 2003(Reprint).
3. S. Ross: A First Course in Probability, 6th Ed., Pearson Education India, 2002.
4. W. Feller, An Introduction to Probability Theory and its Applications, Vol. 1, 3rd Ed., Wiley, 1968.
Reference Books
1. B.S. Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Khanna Publishers, 35th Edition, 2000.
2.T.Veerarajan : Engineering Mathematics (for semester III), Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi.
3. R.K. Jain and S.R.K. Iyenger: Advance Engineering Mathematics; Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi.
4. J.N. Kapur: Mathematical Statistics; S. Chand & Sons Company Limited, New Delhi.
5. D.N.Elhance,V. Elhance & B.M. Aggarwal: Fundamentals of Statistics; Kitab Mahal Distributers, New Delhi.
Note- Click on Green/Blue Text for Video Lecture of that Q/Topic

Module I: Partial Differential Equation

Q Bank /Tutorial Sheet No-1
1. Order and degree of PDE
2. Solution of PDE
3. Formation Of PDE
i) Form the differential equation by eliminating arbitrary constants, in the following cases
(a) y = Ax + A2
(b) y = Acosx + Bsinx
(c) y 2 = Ax 2 + Bx + C
ii) Find the PDE of all sphere whose center lie on z-axis and given by equations 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + (𝑧 − 𝑎)2 = 𝑏 2 , a and b
being constant Ans(yp-xq=0)
iii) Form the PDE 𝑧 = 𝑓(𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 ) Ans(py+qx=0)
iv) Form partial differential equation 𝑧 = 𝑎(𝑥 + 𝑦) + 𝑏
v) Form partial differential equation 𝑧 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 22-23(Odd)
vi) Form partial differential equation 𝑧 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎2 𝑦 2 + 𝑏 21-22(Odd)
2 2
vii) Form the differential equations if 𝑧 = (𝑥 + 𝑎)(𝑦 + 𝑏) Ans—𝑝𝑞 = 4𝑥𝑦𝑧
viii) Form the PDE by the arbitrary function: 𝑧 = 𝑓1 (𝑥 + 𝑡) + 𝑓2 (𝑥 + 𝑡)
ix) Form the PDE from 𝑧 = 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑓(𝑥𝑦) Ans-𝑝𝑥 − 𝑞𝑦 − 𝑥 − 𝑦
4. Linear PDE of 1st Order

5. Lagrange Part-1 Part-2
i) Solve the following pde 𝑦𝑧𝑝 − 𝑥𝑧𝑞 = 𝑥𝑦 Ans (𝑓(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 , 𝑥 2 − 𝑧 2 ) = 0
𝑦
ii) Solve 𝑦𝑞 − 𝑥𝑝 = 𝑧 Ans(𝑓 (𝑥𝑦, 𝑧 ) = 0 19-20(Odd)
iii) Solve 𝑦 2 𝑝 − 𝑥𝑦𝑞 = x(z − 2y) Ans(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 𝑓(𝑦 2 − 𝑦𝑧)
𝑥 𝑦3
iv) Solve 𝑥𝑝 + 𝑦𝑞 = 3𝑧 Ans( , ) =0
𝑦 𝑧
𝑦2𝑧
v) Solve 𝑝 + 𝑥𝑧𝑞 = 𝑦 2 Ans(𝑓(𝑥 3 − 𝑦 3 , 𝑥 2 − 𝑧 2 ) = 0
𝑥
vi) Solve 𝑝𝑧 − 𝑞𝑧 = 𝑧 2 + (𝑥 + 𝑦)2 Ans(𝑓((𝑥 + 𝑦), log(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 + 2𝑥𝑦) − 2𝑥) = 0
vii) Solve 𝑥(𝑦 − 𝑧)𝑝 + 𝑦(𝑧 − 𝑥)𝑞 = z(x − y) 𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑓(𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧, 𝑥𝑦𝑧) = 0
viii) Solve (𝑧 − 𝑦)𝑝 + (𝑥 − 𝑧)𝑞 = 𝑦 − 𝑥 𝐴𝑛𝑠(𝑓(𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧, 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 ) = 0
𝑥
ix) Solve 𝑥𝑝 + 𝑦𝑞 = 𝑥 − 𝑦 𝐴𝑛𝑠(𝑓 (𝑦 , 𝑥 − 𝑦 − 𝑧) = 0
x) Solve 𝑦 2 𝑝 − 𝑥𝑦𝑞 = 𝑥(𝑧 − 2𝑦) 𝐴𝑛𝑠(𝑓(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 , 𝑦𝑧 − 𝑦 2 ) = 0
xi) Solve PDE x( y + z) p − y( x + z)q = z( x − y ) using Lagrange’s method Ans(𝑥𝑦𝑧 = 𝑓(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑧
2 2 2 2
(𝑥−𝑦)
xii) Solve (𝑦 + 𝑧)𝑝 + (𝑧 + 𝑥)𝑞 = 𝑥 + 𝑦 𝐴𝑛𝑠 ( 𝑦−𝑧
, (𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧)(𝑥 − 𝑦)2 ) = 0
xiii) Solve 𝑧(𝑧 2 + 𝑥𝑦)(𝑝𝑥 − 𝑞𝑦)𝑥 4 𝐴𝑛𝑠(𝑓(𝑥𝑦, 𝑥 4 − 𝑧 4 − 2𝑥𝑦𝑧 2 ) = 0
𝑦 𝑧
xiv) Solve (𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 − 𝑧 2 )𝑝 + 2𝑥𝑦𝑞 = 2𝑥𝑧 𝐴𝑛𝑠(𝑓 ( , ) =0
𝑧 𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 +𝑧 2
(𝑥−𝑦) 𝑦−𝑧
xv) 𝑥 2 (𝑦 − 𝑧)𝑝 + 𝑦 2 (𝑧 − 𝑥)𝑞 = 𝑧 2 (𝑥 − 𝑦) Ans(𝑓 ( 𝑦−𝑧
, 𝑧−𝑥) = 0
xvi) Solve PDE x( y − z ) p + y( z − x )q = z( x − y ) using Lagrange’s method Ans(𝑥𝑦𝑧 = 𝑓(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
xvii) Solve (𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 − 𝑦𝑧)𝑝 + (𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 − 𝑧𝑥)𝑞 = 𝑧(𝑥 − 𝑦) 20-21(odd)

xviii) Solve (𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 )𝑝 − 𝑥𝑦𝑞 = −𝑧𝑥
xix)Solve the following differential equations: (x 2 − yz) p + (y2 − zx)q = (z 2 − yx)
𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
xx) Solve(𝑚𝑧 − 𝑛𝑦) 𝜕𝑥 + (𝑛𝑥 − 𝑙𝑧) 𝜕𝑦 = 𝑙𝑦 − 𝑚𝑥 22-23(Odd)
xxi)Solve 𝑝𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 + 𝑞𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑦 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑧

6. Non-Linear PDE of 1st Order

i) Solve p + q =1
ii) Solve: x p + y q = z
22 2 2 2
iii) Find the complete integral of 𝑧 2 (𝑝2 𝑥 2 +𝑞2 ) = 1

iv) Solve 𝑧 = 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞𝑦 + √1 + 𝑝2 + 𝑞 20-21(odd)
7. Charpit
i) Solve by Charpit’s method non-linear partial differential equation of the first order
2zx-px 2 -2qxy + pq = 0 𝐴𝑛𝑠(𝑧 = 𝑎𝑦 + 𝑏(𝑥 2 − 𝑎)
(𝑦−𝑎𝑥)2
ii) Solve 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞𝑦 = 𝑝𝑞 Ans(𝑎𝑧 = 2
+ 𝑏 2021-22(Even),22(Odd)
iii) Solve by Charpit’s method 𝑝𝑥𝑦 + 𝑝𝑞 + 𝑞𝑦 = 𝑦𝑧 𝐴𝑛𝑠(log(𝑧 − 𝑎𝑥) = 𝑦 − 𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑔(𝑎 + 𝑦) + 𝑏
iv) (𝑝2 + 𝑞 2 )𝑦 = 𝑞𝑧 Ans(𝑧 2 = (𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏)2 + 𝑎2 𝑦 2
v) (𝑝2 + 𝑞 2 )𝑥 = 𝑝𝑧 Ans(𝑧 2 = 𝑎2 𝑥 2 + (𝑎𝑦 + 𝑏)2
𝑥+𝑏 2
vi) Solve by Charpit’s method 𝑝2 + 𝑞𝑦 = 𝑧 𝐴𝑛𝑠 (𝑧 = 𝑎𝑦 + ( 2 )
2 2
vii) Solve: 2𝑧 + 𝑝 + 𝑞𝑦 + 2𝑦 = 0 by Charpit’s method 𝐴𝑛𝑠(𝑦 2 [(𝑎 − 𝑥)2 + 𝑦 2 + 2𝑧] = 𝑏
viii) Solve by Charpit’s method z = p 2 x + q 2 y
ix) Find the complete integral of 𝑝2 −𝑦 2 𝑞 = 𝑦 2 − 𝑥 2 by Charpit’s method
8. Cauchy’s method of characteristics Part-1 Part-2

i) Use Cauchy’s method of Characteristics to solve the partial differential equation
∂u ∂u
+ = x + y; u(x, 0) = 0 𝐴𝑛𝑠(𝑢(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥𝑦
∂x ∂y
ii) Use the method of Characteristics to solve
ux -uy = 0 ; u(x, 0) = x 𝐴𝑛𝑠(𝑢(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 + 𝑦 19-20(Odd
iii) Use the method of Characteristics to solve
𝑢𝑥 − 𝑦𝑢 = 0; 𝑢(0, 𝑦) = 1 𝐴𝑛𝑠(𝑢 = 𝑒 𝑥𝑦
iv) Use the method of Characteristics to solve
∂u ∂u
∂x
+ ∂y = u; u(x, 0) = 1 + ex 𝐴𝑛𝑠(𝑢 = 𝑒 𝑦 + 𝑒 𝑥
v) Use the method of Characteristics to solve
∂u ∂u
+ = 2u; u(x, 0) = ex 𝐴𝑛𝑠(𝑢 = 𝑒 𝑥+𝑦
∂x ∂y
vi) Use the method of Characteristics to solve
𝜕𝑢
+ 𝑦𝑢 = 0; 𝑢(0, 𝑦) = 1
𝜕𝑥
𝐴𝑛𝑠(𝑢 = 𝑒 −𝑥𝑦
vii) Use the method of Characteristics to solve
𝑢𝑥 + 𝑢𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 2𝑦 ; 𝑢(𝑥, 0) = 𝑥 2 𝐴𝑛𝑠(
viii) Use Cauchy’s the method of Characteristics to solve the first pde 21-22(Even
𝑢𝑥 + 𝑢𝑦 = 1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦, ; 𝑢(0, 𝑦) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦

9. PDE of 2nd Order (Homogeneous Linear PDE with Constant coefficients)

 Find CF
𝜕2𝑧 𝜕2𝑧 𝜕2𝑧
i) Solve 𝜕𝑥2 − 4 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 + 4 𝜕𝑦2 = 0
𝜕2𝑧 Click on
ii) Solve 𝜕𝑥2 = 𝑧
𝜕2 𝑧 𝜕2 𝑧 𝜕2 𝑧 Highlighted Text
iii) Solve 𝜕𝑥 2 − 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 − 6 𝜕𝑦 2 = 0
iv) Solve 25𝑟 − 40𝑠 + 16𝑡 = 0
for Video Lecture
𝜕3 𝑧 𝜕3 𝑧 𝜕3 𝑧
v) Solve 𝜕𝑥 3 − 3 𝜕2 𝑥𝜕𝑦 + 2 𝜕𝑦3 = 0
vi) Solve (𝐷 3 𝐷′2 + 𝐷 2 𝐷′3 )𝑧 = 0
𝜕2 𝑧 𝜕2 𝑧
vii) Solve 𝜕𝑥 2 + 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 = 0 2019-20(Odd), 21-22(Odd
 Find CF+PI
• Problems of PI (𝒆𝒂𝒙+𝒃𝒚 )
viii-1, (𝐷 − 3𝐷′ + 2)𝑧 = 𝑒 𝑥+2𝑦 2021-22(Even
3
viii) Solve (𝐷 3 − 3𝐷 2 𝐷′ + 4𝐷 ′ )𝑧 = 𝑒 𝑥+2𝑦
ix) Solve 𝐷 2 + 2𝐷𝐷 ′ + 𝐷 ′2 )𝑧 = 𝑒 3𝑥+2𝑦
x) Solve 𝐷 2 + 10𝐷𝐷 ′ + 25𝐷′2 )𝑧 = 𝑒 3𝑥+2𝑦
𝜕2 𝑧 𝜕2 𝑧 𝜕2 𝑧
xi) Solve 𝜕𝑥 2 − 4 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 + 4 𝜕𝑦2 = 𝑒 2𝑥+3𝑦
Case Fail
xii) Solve4𝑟 + 12𝑠 + 9𝑡 = 𝑒3𝑥−2𝑦
• 𝑷𝑰 𝑾𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝑹. 𝑯. 𝑺. = 𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃𝒚)/𝒄𝒐𝒔(𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃𝒚) or 𝒇(𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃𝒚)

𝜕2 𝑧 𝜕2 𝑧 𝜕2 𝑧
xiii) Solve 𝜕𝑥 2 + 2 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 + 𝜕𝑦2 = sin (2𝑥 + 3𝑦)
𝜕2 𝑧 𝜕2 𝑧 𝜕2 𝑧
xiv) Solve 𝜕𝑥 2 − 2 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 + 𝜕𝑦2 = sin 𝑥
𝜕2 𝑧 𝜕2 𝑧 𝜕2 𝑧
xv) Solve 𝜕𝑥 2 − 3 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 + 2 𝜕𝑦2 = 𝑒 2𝑥+3𝑦 + sin (𝑥 − 2𝑦)
𝜕2 𝑧 𝜕2 𝑧 𝜕2 𝑧
xvi)Solve 𝜕𝑥 2
+ 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 − 6 𝜕𝑦2 = 𝑥 + 𝑦
𝜕2𝑧 𝜕2𝑧
xvii) Solve :𝜕𝑥 2 + 𝜕𝑦 2 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑚 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑛 𝑦 + 30(2𝑥 + 𝑦)
Case Fail
2 3
xviii) Solve (𝐷 3 − 3𝐷2 𝐷′ − 4𝐷𝐷 ′ + 12𝐷 ′ )𝑧 = sin(𝑦 + 2𝑥)
2
xix) Solve (𝐷 3 − 4𝐷 2 𝐷′ + 4𝐷𝐷 ′ )𝑧 = 4 sin(2𝑥 + 𝑦)
• PI when 𝒙𝒎 𝒚𝒏
2 ′ 2 2 2
xx) Solve (𝐷 + 𝐷 ) 𝑧 = 𝑥 𝑦
2 ′ ′2 2
xxi)Solve: ((𝐷 − 6𝐷𝐷 + 9𝐷 )𝑧 = 12𝑥 + 36𝑥𝑦
𝜕3 𝑧 𝜕3 𝑧
xxii) Solve 𝜕𝑥 3
− 𝜕𝑦 3 = 𝑥 3 𝑦 3
2 ′ ′2
xxiii) Solve: ((𝐷 − 6𝐷𝐷 + 9𝐷 )𝑧 = 36𝑥𝑦
xxiv) Solve (𝐷 2 + 𝐷𝐷 ′ − 2𝐷 ′2 )𝑧 = (𝑦 − 1) 𝑒 𝑥
xxv) Solve 𝑥 2 𝑟 + 2𝑥𝑦𝑠 + 𝑦 2 𝑡 = 𝑥 𝑚 𝑦 𝑛
xxvi) Solve r-2s = sinx.cos2y + 36𝑥 2 𝑦 2
• 𝑷𝑰 𝒐𝒇 𝒂𝒏𝒚 𝒇𝒖𝒏𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
𝜕2 𝑧 𝜕2 𝑧 𝜕2 𝑧
xxvii) Solve 𝜕𝑥 2 + 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 − 6 𝜕𝑦2 = 𝑦 cos 𝑥
xxviii) Solve:(𝐷2 + 𝐷𝐷′ − 2𝐷′2 )𝑧 = (𝑦 − 1)𝑒 𝑥 2019-20(Odd)
2 ′ ′2 )𝑧
xxix) Solve:(𝐷 + 2𝐷𝐷 + 𝐷 = 2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 − 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦
 
xxx) Solve: ( D + DD − 6D ) z = y sin x
2 2

10. Non-Homogeneous Linear PDE with Constant coefficients

 Find CF
i) 𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑃. 𝐷. 𝐸 ∶ (𝐷 + 𝐷’ – 1) (𝐷 + 2𝐷’ – 2) 𝑧 = 0
ii) Solve ∶ D. D’(D + 2D’ + 1)z = 0
iii) Solve ∶ r + 2s + t + 2p + 2q + z = 0
iv) 𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 ∶ 𝑟 – 𝑡 + 𝑝 – 𝑞 = 0
v) 𝑠 + 𝑎𝑝 + 𝑏𝑞 + 𝑎𝑏𝑧 = 0 Ans--𝑒 −𝑏𝑥 𝑓1 (y) + 𝑒 −𝑎𝑦 𝑓2 (x)
 Find CF+PI
vi) (𝐷 − 𝐷 ′ − 2)(𝐷 − 𝐷 ′ − 3)𝑧 = 𝑒 3𝑥−2𝑦
vii) 𝐷(𝐷 − 2𝐷′ − 3)𝑧 = 𝑒 𝑥+2𝑦
viii) Find PI of 2𝑠 + 𝑡 − 3𝑞 = 5cos (3𝑥 − 2𝑦)
ix) (𝐷 2 − 𝐷𝐷 ′ + 𝐷 ′ − 1)𝑧 = sin(𝑥 + 2𝑦)
x) (𝐷 − 𝐷 ′ − 1)(𝐷 − 𝐷 ′ − 2)𝑧 = sin(2𝑥 + 3𝑦) 21-22(odd
′
ix-2)- (𝐷 + 1 )(𝐷 + 𝐷 − 1)𝑧 = sin(2𝑥 + 3𝑦) 19-20(odd,
xi) Solve: ((𝐷 − 3𝐷′ − 2)2 𝑧 = 2𝑒 2𝑥 𝑡𝑎𝑛( 𝑦 + 3𝑥)
2
xii) Find PI of (𝐷 2 − 𝐷 ′ )𝑧 = 𝑥𝑒 𝑎𝑥+𝑎 𝑦
xiii) Solve (𝐷 − 3𝐷 ′ − 2)3 𝑧 = 6𝑒 2𝑥 sin (3𝑥 + 𝑦)
xiv) Solve 𝑟 − 𝑠 + 𝑝 = 1
xv) Solve 𝐷(𝐷 + 𝐷′ − 1)(𝐷 + 3𝐷′ − 2)𝑧 = 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥𝑦 + 2𝑦 2 20-21(odd)
2 ′2 ′ 𝑥+2𝑦
xvi) Solve (𝐷 − 𝐷 − 3𝐷 + 3𝐷 )𝑧 = 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑒
xvii) Solve r +t-n2z=0.
xviii) Solve: ((𝐷 2 − 𝐷𝐷 ′ − 2𝐷 ′2 + 2𝐷 + 2𝐷 ′ )𝑧 = 𝑒 2𝑥+3𝑦 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛( 2𝑥 + 𝑦) + 𝑥𝑦
11. Equations Reducible to PDE with Constant coefficients

𝜕2 𝑧 𝜕2 𝑧 𝜕2 𝑧 𝜕𝑧
i) Solve 𝑥 2 𝜕𝑥 2 − 4𝑥𝑦 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 + 4𝑦 2 𝜕𝑦2 + 6𝑦 𝜕𝑦 = 𝑥 3 𝑦 4 20-21(odd, 21-22(odd
2 2
ii) Solve: 𝑥2 𝑟 − 𝑦2 𝑡 = 𝑥𝑦 20-21(even,21-22(Even),22-23(Odd)
iii) Solve:𝑥 𝑟 − 𝑦 𝑡 + 𝑝𝑥 − 𝑞𝑦 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥
iv) Solve:(𝑥 2 𝐷 2 + 2𝑥𝑦𝐷𝐷 ′ + 𝑦 2 𝐷 ′2 )𝑧 = 𝑥 𝑚 𝑦 𝑛 20-21(odd)
2 4𝑥 𝑦
v) Solve (𝐷 2 − 4𝐷′ )𝑧 = 𝑦2 − 𝑥 2
2 3
vi) Solve (𝐷 3 − 4𝐷 2 𝐷′ + 5𝐷𝐷 ′ − 2𝐷 ′ )𝑧 = 𝑒 𝑦+2𝑥 + √𝑦 + 𝑥
vii) Solve (𝐷 2 + 𝐷𝐷 ′ + 𝐷 + 𝐷 ′ − 1)𝑧 = 𝑒 −2𝑥 (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )
viii) Solve 𝑥 2 𝑟 − 4𝑦 2 𝑡 − 4𝑦𝑞 − 𝑧 = 𝑥 2 𝑦 2 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑦 19-20(odd
ix) Solve r-2s = sinx.cos2y
x) Solve: ((𝐷 2 − 𝐷𝐷′ + 𝐷′ − 1)𝑧 = 𝑒 𝑦 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠( 𝑥 + 2𝑦)

2nd Unit (Application of Partial Differential Equation) by Saurabh sir |P a g e | 7
Module II: Application of Partial Differential Equation

Q Bank /Tutorial Sheet No-2

1. Classification of Liner PDE of second Order
𝜕2 𝑢 𝜕2 𝑢 𝜕2 𝑢 𝜕𝑦
𝐴 𝜕𝑥 2 + 𝐵 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 + 𝐶 𝜕𝑦2 + 𝑓 (𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑢, 𝜕𝑥 ) = 0, then
𝐵2 − 4𝐴𝐶 < 0, 𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑐, 𝐵2 − 4𝐴𝐶 = 0, 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑐 𝐵2 − 4𝐴𝐶 > 0, 𝐻𝑦𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑐
i) Classify the following operators
∂2 u ∂2 u ∂2 u Click on Highlighted
a. ∂x2
+ + ∂t2
∂x ∂t Text for Video
∂2 u ∂2 u ∂2 u
b. 4 2+4 + 2 20-21(odd) Lecture
∂x ∂x ∂t ∂t
∂2 u ∂2 u ∂2 u
c. 5 2 -9 +4 2 21-22(even
∂x ∂x ∂t ∂t
2
𝜕 𝑢 2
𝜕 𝑢 𝜕2 𝑢
d. 𝜕𝑥 2
−
𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑡
+ 2
𝜕𝑡
2022-23(Odd)
e. 𝑢𝑥𝑥 + 3𝑢𝑥𝑦 + 𝑢𝑦𝑦 = 0 2021-22(Odd)
ii) Determine whether the following equations are hyperbolic, parabolic and elliptic?
∂2 u ∂2 u
a. x 2 ∂t2 - ∂x2 = u 19-20(odd
∂2 u ∂2 u ∂2 u ∂u
b. t ∂t2 + 2 ∂x ∂t + x ∂x2 + ∂x
∂2 u ∂2 u ∂2 u
c. x ∂x2 + t ∂x ∂t + ∂t2
iii) Show that the equation 𝑧𝑥𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑧𝑥𝑦 + (1 − 𝑦 2 )𝑧𝑦𝑦 = 0 is elliptic for values of x and y in the region
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 < 1, parabolic on the boundary and hyperbolic outside this region
iv) Classify the one-dimensional wave equation.
v) Classify 2nd degree of PDE.
vi) Write radio equation for transmission lines. 20-21(odd),21-22(odd
vii) Write Steady state of two dimensional of Heat equation.
viii) Write down the two-dimensional wave equation 21-22(even), 22-23(Odd)
2. Method of separation of variables Part-1 Part-2

𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
i) Using the method of separation of variables, Solve 𝜕𝑥 = 2 𝜕𝑡 + 𝑢, where 𝑢(𝑥, 0) = 6𝑒 −3𝑥 ~~20-21(even
𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
i-2) Using the method of separation of variables, Solve 𝜕𝑡 − 𝜕𝑥 + 2𝑢 = 0, where 𝑢(𝑥, 0) = 10𝑒 −𝑥 − 6𝑒 −4𝑥 21-22(even
𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
ii) Solve 𝜕𝑥 = 4 𝜕𝑦; Given that 𝑢(0, 𝑦) = 8𝑒 −3𝑦
𝜕2 𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
iii) 2 − 2 + = 0
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
iv) Use the Method of separation of variables to solve the eq
∂2 v ∂v
∂x2
= ∂t Given that v=0 at x=0 and x=l
𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
v) 3 𝜕𝑥 + 2 𝜕𝑦 = 0; 𝑢(𝑥, 0) = 4𝑒 −𝑥
𝜕𝑢 𝜕2 𝑢
vi) Find the solution of 𝜕𝑡
= 𝜕𝑥 2 if u(x,0)=sinπx, using the method of separation of variables.
vii) Solve [Go to 5(vi)] 22-23(Odd)
viii) Solve [Go to 6(iv)] 22-23(Odd.
𝜕𝑧 𝜕2 𝑧
ix) Solve the following p.d.e. by using method of separation of variables 𝜕𝑥
+ 𝜕𝑦2 = 0,
With conditions 𝑧(𝑥, 0) = 0, 𝑧(𝑥, 𝜋) = 0, 𝑧(0, 𝑦) = 4𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝑦 21-22(Odd

3. One dimensional Wave Equation (Vibrations of a stretched string)

𝜋𝑥
i) A tightly stretched string with fixed end points x=0 and x=l in initially in a position given by 𝑦 = 𝑦0 𝑠𝑖𝑛3 𝑙
. If it is
released from rest from this position, Find the displacement y(x, t). 19-20(odd
ii) A string is stretched and fastened to two points l apart. Motion is started by displacing the string into the form y =
k(lx-x 2 ) from which it is released at time t=0. Find the displacement of any point on the string at a displace of x from
one end at time t
iii) A string is stretched and fastened to two points l apart. Motion is started by displacing the string in the form of
x
y = A sin from which it is released at time t = 0. Show that the displacement of any point at a distance x from one
l
𝜋𝑥 𝜋𝑐𝑡
end at time t is given by 𝑦(𝑥, 𝑡) = 𝐴 sin 𝑙
cos 𝑙 20-21(odd), 21-22(odd),22-23(Odd)
iv) If a string of length l is initially at rest in equilibrium position and each of its points is given the velocity
 y  3 x
  = b sin . Find the displacement y(x, t).
 t  t =0 l
𝜕2 𝑦 𝜕2 𝑦
v) Show how the wave equation 𝑐 2 𝜕𝑥 2 = 𝜕𝑡 2
can be solved by the method of separation of variables. If the initial
𝜕𝑦
displacement and velocity of a string stretched between x=0 and x=l are given by 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) and 𝜕𝑡 = 𝑔(𝑥), determine
the constant in the series solution.
𝜕𝑢 𝜕2 𝑢
vi) Determine the solution of one-dimensional heat equation = 𝑐2 , subject to the boundary condition
𝜕𝑡 𝜕𝑥 2
ux (0, t ) = 0 = ux ( , t ) and 𝑢(𝑥, 0) = x2
vii) A string of unit length is stretched and fastened to two points. Motion is started by displacing the string in the form of
1 1
y = sin  x + sin 3 x + sin 5 x from which it is released at time t = 0. Find the displacement of any point at a
3 5
distance x from one end at time t. 20-21(odd)
𝜕2 𝑦 𝜕2 𝑦
viii) Solve completely the equation =4 , representing the vibration of a string of length 5, fixed at the both ends,
𝜕𝑡 2 𝜕𝑥 2
𝜕
given that 𝑦(0, 𝑡) = 0, 𝑦(5, 𝑡) = 0; 𝑦(𝑥, 0) = 0 and 𝜕𝑥 𝑦(𝑥, 0) = 3𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜋𝑥 − 2𝑠𝑖𝑛5𝜋𝑥 unsolved
4. Two-dimensional Wave Equation (Vibrating Membrane)
5. One dimensional Heat Flow

i) Find the temperature in a bar of length 2 whose ends are kept at zero and lateral surface insulated if the initial
πx 5πx
temperature is sin ( ) + 3sin ( )
2 2
ii) A rod of length l with insulated sides is initially at a uniform temperature u 0. Its ends are suddenly cooled to 00 C
and are kept at that temperature. Find the temperature function u(x,t) 20-21(odd)
iii) The ends A and B of a rod 20cm long have the temperature at 30 degree centigrade and 80 degree centigrade
respectively until steady state prevails . The temperature of the ends are changed to 40 degree centigrade to 60 degree
centigrade respectively. Find the temperature distribution function u(x,t). the specific heat, density and the thermal
𝑘
conductivity of the rod are such that the combination = 𝑐2 = 1
𝜌𝜎
iv) An isolated rod of length l has its end A and B maintained at 00C and 1000C respectively until steady state condition
prevail. If B is suddenly reduced to 00C and maintained at 00C , find the temperature at a distance x from A at time
t? 19-20(odd), 21-22(odd, even

𝜕𝑢 𝜕2 𝑢
v) Solve the equation 𝜕𝑡 = 𝜕𝑥 2 with boundary condition 𝑢(𝑥, 0) = 3 sin 𝑛𝜋𝑥 , 𝑢(0, 𝑡) = 0, 𝑢(𝑙, 𝑡) = 0 where 0 < 𝑥 < 𝑙
21-22(odd
𝜕𝑢 𝜕2 𝑢
vi) [From 2(vii)] Solve by method of separation of variable, heat equation 𝜕𝑡
= 𝜕𝑥 2 with initial and boundary condition
𝑢(𝑥, 0) = 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 , 𝑢(0, 𝑡) = 0, 𝑢(1, 𝑡) = 0 where 0 < 𝑥 < 1, 𝑡 > 0 2022-23(Odd
𝜕𝑢 𝜕2 𝑢 𝜋𝑥
vii) Solve the equation = with boundary condition 𝑢(𝑥, 0) = 3 sin , 𝑢(0, 𝑡) = 0, 𝑢(𝑙, 𝑡) = 0 where 0 < 𝑥 < 𝑙
𝜕𝑡 𝜕𝑥 2 𝑙
21-22(Even
ix) A bar 10 cm long, with insulated sides has its ends A and B maintained at temperatures 50 0 C and 1000 C respectively,
until steady state conditions prevail. The temperature at A is suddenly is raised to 90 0 C and at the same time that at
B is lowered to 60 0 C . Find the temperature distribution in the bar at time t.
6. Two-dimensional Heat Flow(

𝜕2 𝑢 𝜕2 𝑢
i) Solve the Laplace equation 𝜕𝑥 2
+ 𝜕𝑦2 = 0 subject to the conditions 𝑢(0, 𝑦) = 𝑢(𝑙, 𝑦) = 𝑢(𝑥, 0) = 0 , 𝑢(𝑥, 𝑎) =
𝑛𝜋𝑥
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑙
20-21(odd)
ii) A rectangular plate with insulated surface is 8 cm wide and so long compared to its width that it may be consider infinite
in length without introducing an appreciable error. If the temperature along one short edge y=0 is given by 𝑢(𝑥, 0) =
𝜋𝑥
100𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( 8 ), 0<x<8 while the two long edges x=0 and x=8 as well as the other short edge are kept at 0 0 C, find the
𝜋𝑦
𝜋𝑥
steady state temperature at any point of the plate. 𝑢(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑒 − 8 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( 8 ) 2019-20(Odd)
𝜕2 𝑢 𝜕2 𝑢
iii) Solve the Laplace equation + = 0, in a rectangle in the xy-plane with 𝑢(𝑥, 0) = 0 𝑢(0, 𝑦) = 0, 𝑢(𝑥, 1) =
𝜕𝑥 2 𝜕𝑦 2
0, 𝑢(1, 𝑦) = 𝑓(𝑦) parallel to y axis.
𝜕2 𝑢 𝜕2 𝑢
iv) [From 2(viii)] Solve the Laplace equation 𝜕𝑥 2 + 𝜕𝑦2 = 0, in a rectangle in the xy-plane with 𝑢(𝑥, 0) = 0 𝑢(0, 𝑦) = 0,
𝑢(𝑥, 𝑏) = 0, 𝑢(𝑎, 𝑦) = 𝑓(𝑦) parallel to y axis. 2022-23(Odd)
𝜕2 𝑢 𝜕2 𝑢
v) Solve the Laplace equation 𝜕𝑥 2
+ 𝜕𝑦 2
= 0, subject to the boundary conditions 𝑢(0, 𝑦) = 0 𝑢(𝑙, 𝑦) = 0, 𝑢(𝑥, 0) =
0, 𝑢(𝑥, 𝑎) = 𝑓(𝑥) 2021-22 (Even)
𝜕2 𝑢 𝜕2 𝑢
vi) Solve the equation 𝜕𝑥 2 + 𝜕𝑦 2
= 0, Subject to the condition 𝑢(𝑥, 0) = 𝑢(𝑥, 1) = 𝑢(∞, 𝑦) = 0 and 𝑢(0, 𝑦) = 𝑢0
7. Transmission Line Equations

i) Find the current I and voltage e in a line of length l, t seconds after the ends are suddenly grounded, given that 𝑖(𝑥, 0) =
𝜋𝑥
𝑖0 , 𝑒(𝑥, 0) = 𝑒0 sin 𝑙 . Also R and G are negligible
ii) Neglecting R and G, find the e.m.f. v(x,t) in a line of length l, t second after the ends were suddenly grounded, given
𝜋𝑥 5𝜋𝑥
that 𝑖(𝑥, 0) = 𝑖0 and 𝑣(𝑥, 0) = 𝑒1 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( 𝑙 ) + 𝑒5 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( 𝑙
).
𝜕2 𝑉 𝜕2 𝑉 𝜋𝑥
iii) Solve = 𝐿𝐶 assuming that the initial voltage is𝑉0 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( ); 𝑉𝑡 (𝑥0 ) = 0 and 𝑉 = 0 at the ends 𝑥 = 0 and 𝑥 = 𝑙
𝜕𝑥 2 𝜕𝑡 2 𝑙
for all t.

3rd Unit (Statistical Technique-I) by Saurabh sir |P a g e | 10
Module III: Statistical Techniques I:

1. Measures of Central Tendency:
i) Find the arithmetic mean of the following frequency distribution: 2022-23(Odd
X: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Y: 5 9 12 17 14 10 6 Ans-4.09]
ii) Calculate the arithmetic mean of the following frequency distribution:
Marks : 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60
No of students: 12 18 27 20 17 6 Ans-28]
iii) Find the mean for the following distribution:
Class interval: 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70
Frequency 8 26 30 20 16 2014-15(CO)
ℎ 𝑛
iv) Obtain the median of the following frequency distribution: [ 𝑀𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛 = 𝑙 + 𝑓 (2 − 𝑐) ]
X: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Y: 8 10 11 16 20 25 15 9 6
v) An incomplete frequency distribution is given as follows: find these given n=229 and md=46
Variable: 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80
F: 12 30 ? 65 ? 25 18 Ans-33.5, 45.5
𝑓1 −𝑓0
vi) Find the mode for the following distribution: [ 𝑀𝑜𝑑𝑒 = 𝑙 + ( ) ℎ]
2𝑓1 −𝑓0 −𝑓2
Class - interval: 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80
Frequency 5 8 7 12 28 20 10 10 Ans-46.67
vii) Find the median wage of the following frequency distribution:
Wages: 2000-3000 3000-4000 4000-5000 5000-6000 6000-7000
No of workers: 3 5 20 10 5
viii) Calculate mean, median and mode for the data given below
Class Interval: 0-8 8-16 16-24 24-32 32-40 40-48
Frequency: 8 7 16 24 15 7 (mean-25.404)26.5,28.7
ix) Calculate mean, median and mode for the data given below: Ans(14.8,15.62,17.22)
Marks : 0-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30
No of students: 4 6 8 12 7 2 MTU 2013-14
1 𝑓
x) Find HM and GM from the following Formula>> 𝐺𝑀 = 𝐴𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑔[ ∑ 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥𝑖 ] HM=n/𝐻𝑀 = 𝑁/ ∑
𝑁 𝑥𝑖
Marks : 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50
No of students: 10 5 8 7 20
xi) A cyclist pedals from his house to his college at a speed of 10 m.p.h. and back from the college to his house at 15
m.p.h. Find the average speed (12)
xii) Milk is sold at the rates of 8, 10, 12, and 15 rupees/l in four different months. Assuming that equal amounts are
spent on milk by a family in the four months, find the average price in rupees per month. (10.66)
xiii) Find the median of 6,8,9,10,11,12,13 2019-20(Odd
xiv) In a asymmetrical distribution mean is 6 and median is 20, Calculate mode of distribution 21-22(Odd
∑ 𝑓(𝑥−𝑥̅ )𝑟
2. Moments Part-1 Part-2 𝜇𝑟 =
𝑁
i) Find the first four moments for the following x: 1, 3, 9, 12, 20 Ans(0,46,126,4022.8
ii) Find the first four moments for the following x: 3, 6, 8, 10, 18 Ans(0,25.6,97.2,1588)
iii) Calculate μ2 , μ3, μ4 for the following frequency distribution. (Mean=34, μ2 = 214, μ3 = 468, μ4 = 96712)
Marks 5-15 15-25 25-35 35-45 45-55 55-65
No of students 10 20 25 20 15 10
iv) The first four moments of a distribution, about the value ‘35’ are – 1.8, 240, – 1020 and 144000. Find the values of
μ1 , μ2 , μ3 , μ4
v) The first three moments of a distribution, about the value ‘2’ of the variable are 1, 16 and – 40. Show that the mean
is 3, variance is 15 and 𝜇3 = – 86 20-21(odd)
vi) Calculate 1st 4 central moments of raw moments given as -1.9,181,-970,98500(2013-14)(0,177.39,47.98, 95009.363)
vii) Calculate the variance and third central moment from the following data: Ans (
xi 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
fi 1 9 26 59 72 52 29 7 1
viii) For frequency distribution:
Values 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60
Frequencies 20 19 31 21 10
Compute the first four moments about the mean of distribution MTU 2013-14
ix) The first three moments of a distribution about the value 2 of the variable are 1, 16 and – 40 respectively. Find the
values of the first three moments about the origin.
x) The first four moments of a distribution about the value 2 are 1, 2.5, 5.5, and 16. Calculate the first four moments
about the mean and about origin. Ans-(0,1.5,0,6)(3,10.5,40.5,168 [21-22(even)]
3. Skewness and Kurtosis:

i) Karl Pearson’s coefficient of skewness of a distribution is 0.32, its standard deviation is 6.5 and mean is 29.6. Find
the mode of the distribution
ii) The first three central moments of a distribution are 0, 15, – 31. Find the moment coefficient of skewness
iii) Calculate Karl Pearson’s coefficient of skewness for the following data:
Income (in `) 500—600 600—700 700—800 800—900 900—1000 1000—1100
No. of employees 8 12 4 2 1 1
iv) Calculate the moment coefficient of skewness for the following distribution : Ans(-0.1068)
Classes 2.5–7.5 7.5–12.5 12.5–17.5 17.5–22.5 22.5–27.5 27.5–32.5 32.5–37.5
Frequency 8 15 20 32 23 17 5
v) Calculate first four moments about mean and also the value of β1 & β2 from the following data 21-22(odd
X: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
F: 1 8 28 56 70 56 28 8 1 Ans-(0,2, 0,11),(0,2.75)
vi) The first four moments about mean of a frequency distribution are 0, 100, – 7 and 35000. Discuss the kurtosis of the
distribution. Ans(3.5)
vii) The first four moments of the distribution about the value 4 of the variables are -1.5, 17, - 30 and 108. Find the
moments about the mean, origin; and moment about x=2 and measure the skewness and Kurtosis also.
Ans-(0,14.75,39.75,142.3125),(2.5,21,166,1132),(0.5,15,62,244) (0.4926,0.6543)2007,17,23(Odd
vii-2) Compute skewness and Kurtosis, if the first four moments of the distribution about the value 4 of the variables are
1,4,10 and 45 21-22(Even
viii) The following table represents the height of a batch of 100 students. Calculate kurtosis.
Height (in cm) 59 61 63 65 67 69 71 73 75
No. of students 0 2 6 20 40 20 8 2 2 Ans(167.1979,3.9544)
ix) Find the moments of the following data
X: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
F: 1 6 13 25 30 22 9 5 2 Ans(2.96)
x) Calculate the Karl person’s coefficient of skewness from the following data and comment on the result
Class: 3-7 8-12 13-17 18-22 23-27 28-32
Frequency: 108 580 175 80 32 18 (Ans-m-11.99,mo-10.19.sd-5.07, sk-0.355
xi) The first four moments of a distribution about working mean 28.5 of a distribution are 0.294, 7.144, 42.409, and
454.98. Calculate the moments about mean. Also evaluate𝛽1 , 𝛽2 and comment upon the skewness and kurtosis of
the distribution. 2014-15
xii) Find the measure of skewness and Kurtosis on the basis of moments for the following data:
X: 1 3 5 7 9
Y: 1 4 6 4 1 5(0,4,0,40, 0,2.5)(2014-15,2011
xiii) Find the measure of skewness and Kurtosis on the basis of moments and draw your conclusion
Marks: 5-15 15-25 25-35 35-45 45-55
No of students: 1 3 5 7 4 35(0,125,-600,37625,0.184,2.408)2014-15(CO)

4. Moment Generating Function (MGF):

i) Find the moment generating function of the the probability distribution function given by
𝑥, 𝑓𝑜𝑟 0 < 𝑥 < 1
𝑓(𝑥) = {2 − 𝑥, 𝑓𝑜𝑟 1 ≤ 𝑥 < 2 find ⱱ1 , ⱱ2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 μ2 Ans(1,7/6,1/6) 2012-13
0, 𝑒𝑙𝑠𝑒𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒
ii) Find the moment generating function for the following
1
a. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑐 𝑒 −𝑥⁄𝑐 , 0 ≤ x ≤∞. Find mean and SD Ans(c,2c2, c2,c) (MTU2014)
b. 𝑝(𝑥) = (nx)px qn−x , 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑝 + 𝑞 = 1 𝑥 = 0,1,2, … , 𝑛. UPTU 2008
𝑒 −𝜆 𝜆𝑥
c. 𝑝(𝑥) = 𝑥!
, 𝑥 = 0,1,2,3, … . ∞. Ans{λ,λ(1+λ), λ MTU 2013
1 𝑥−𝜇 2
1 − ( )
d. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝜎 √2𝜋
𝑒 2 𝜎 , −∞ < 𝑥 < +∞. NO
5. Curve Fitting, Method of least squares, Fitting of straight lines,2nd degree parabola,
Exponential curves Part-1 Part-2 Part-3
i) Fit a straight line to the following data by least square method: Ans(y=0.72+1.33x)(UKTU 2011)
i)-2 Ans( )Fit Second degree parabola 2022-2(Odd)
x: 0 1 2 3 4
f(x): 1 1.8 3.3 4.5 6.3
ii) Find the best values of a and b so that y = a + bx fits the following data. Ans(y=1+1.9x)
x: 0 1 2 3 4
y 1 2.9 4.8 6.7 8.6
iii) Fit a straight line to the following data using the method of least squares: Ans(y=13.66x)
x: 1 2 3 4 5
y: 14 27 40 55 68
2
iv) Fit a curve of the form 𝑦 = 𝑎 + 𝑏𝑥 to the following data by least square method: Ans(a=4.16, b=-1.11)
X: -1 0 1 2
Y: 2 5 3 0 MTU-12-13
v) By the method of least square, fit a second degree parabola to the following data: Ans(y=3+2x+x2 )
x: 1 2 3 4
f(x): 6 11 18 27
vi) Fit a second-degree parabola to the following data using method of least squares Ans—27.5x 2 + 40.5x +
1024 (2007, 2010) & ~~21-22(odd)
x 1 2 3 4 5
y 1090 1220 1390 1625 1915
b
vii) Fit a relation y = ax + x which satisfies the following data, using the method of least squares: (2.39188,2.981
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
y 5.4 6.2 8.2 10.3 12.6 14.8 17.2 19.5
viii) Determine the constants a and b by the method of least squares such that y = aebx fits the following data:
X: 2 4 6 8 10
Y: 4.077 11.084 30.128 81.897 222.62 Ans(1.49989,.50001
ix) Fit the curve y = abx to the following data: Ans--- y = 2.04(1.995)x GBTU 2010, 20-21(odd)
x 2 3 4 5 6
y 8.3 15.4 33.1 65.2 127.4
x) Fit the curve pv γ = k to the following data: ~~2019-20(Odd)
p (kg/ cm2): 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
v (litres) 1620 1000 750 620 520 460
x-2) Fit the curve 𝑝𝑣 𝛾 = 𝑘 to the following data:
V: 50 100 150 200
P 135 48 26 17 19-20(Odd
xi) Fit the curve 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑒 𝑏𝑥 to the following data: a=11.44,b=0.2911
x 1 2 3 4 5 6
y 15.3 20.5 27.4 36.6 49.1 65.6

xii) The pressure of the gas corresponding to various volumes V is measured given by the following data
V(cm3): 50 60 70 90 100 Ans(0.28997,167.78765)
P(kg cm-2) 64.7 51.3 40.5 25.9 78 Fit the data to equation 𝑃𝑉 𝛾 = 𝐶 ((2018
𝑐
xiii) Use the method of Least squares to fit 𝑦 = + 𝑑√𝑥 to the following table of values:2016,~~21,(1.97327,3.2818)
𝑥
x: 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.5 1 2
y: 21 11 7 6 5 6
6. Dispersion (MD, SD)

i) Find MD
Size of items: 2-4 4-6 6-8 8-10
Freq: 20 40 30 10 Ans (Mean=5.6, MD=1.52)
ii) Calculate the mean and standard deviation for the following table, given the age distribution of 542 members
Age in years: 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90
No of members: 3 61 132 153 140 51 2 Ans(54.72,11.9)
𝑛 ∑ 𝑥𝑦−∑ 𝑥 ∑ 𝑦
7. Correlation and Rank correlation 𝑟=
√𝑛 ∑ 𝑥 2 −(∑ 𝑥)2 √𝑛 ∑ 𝑦 2 −(∑ 𝑦)2
i) Find the coefficient of correlation from the following data
X: 1 3 5 6 8 10
Y: 8 12 15 18 18 20 (Ans-0.9879)2013-14 2014-15
ii) Calculate Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation for the following data: Ans r=0.6 (UKTU 2011)
x 10 14 18 22 26 30
y 18 12 24 6 30 36
ii-2) Calculate the correlation coefficient for the following height of father and their son’s 2022-23(Odd
X: 65 66 67 67 68 69 70 72
Y: 67 68 65 68 72 72 69 71
iii) Define coefficient of correlation. Calculate the coefficient of correlation from the following data
X: 78 89 97 69 59 79 68 57
Y: 125 137 156 112 1047 136 123 108 Ans-(-0.408104), UPTU 05-06
iv) Calculate the coefficient of correlation for the following data: Ans 0.817612
Husband’s age(in yrs.) x 23 27 28 28 29 30 31 33 35 36
Wife’s age(in yrs.) y 18 20 22 27 21 29 27 29 28 29
v) Calculate the coefficient of correlation between the following ages of husband(x) and wife(y) by taking 30 and 28 as
assumed mean in case of x and y respectively: 0.892(11,-26,217,270,159)2014-15
X: 24 27 28 28 29 30 32 33 35 35 40
Y: 18 20 22 25 22 28 28 30 27 30 32
vi) Calculate Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation for the following data: 0.9553 {2014-15(CO)
X 11 10 9 8 7 6 5
Y 20 18 12 8 10 5 4
vii) Find the Pearson correlation coefficient from the following series of marks obtained by 10 students in a class test in
mathematics (X) and in Statistics (Y):
X: 45 70 65 30 90 40 50 75 85 60
Y: 35 90 70 40 95 40 60 80 80 50 Ans (0.9(7.10.21)

𝟏 𝟏
∑ 𝑫𝟐 {∑ 𝑫𝟐 + 𝒎𝟏 (𝒎𝟏 𝟐 −𝟏)+ 𝒎𝟐 (𝒎𝟐 𝟐 −𝟏)…….
SPEARMAN’S RANK CORRELATION 𝒓 = 𝟏 − 𝟔[𝒏(𝒏𝟐−𝟏)] and 𝒓 = 𝟏 − 𝟔[ 𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐
𝒏(𝒏𝟐 −𝟏)
]
viii) Calculate the rank coefficient of correlation from the following data:
X: 75 88 95 70 60 80 81 50
Y: 120 134 150 115 110 140 142 100 0.93
ix) Ten entries are submitted for a competition. Three judges study each entry and list the ten in rank order. Their rankings
are as follows:
Entry: A B C D E F G H I J
Judge J1: 9 3 7 5 1 6 2 4 10 8
Judge J2: 9 1 10 4 3 8 5 2 7 6
Judge J3: 6 3 8 7 2 4 1 5 9 10
Use the method of rank correlation to determine which pair of judge gas the nearest approach to common taste in
competition? .71, .8425, .47(7.10.21)
x) The marks secured by recruits in the selection test (X) and in the proficiency test (Y) are given below:
Serial No.: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
X: 10 15 12 17 13 16 24 14 22
Y: 30 42 45 46 33 34 40 35 39
Calculate the rank correlation co-efficient.
xi) Ten competitors in a beauty contest were ranked by three judges in the following orders:
First Judge: 1 6 5 10 3 2 4 9 7 8
Second Judge: 3 5 8 4 7 10 2 1 6 9
Third Judge: 6 4 9 8 1 2 3 10 5 7
Use the method of rank correlation to determine which pair of judges has the nearest approach to common
taste in beauty?
xii) Obtain the rank correlation co-efficient for the following data:
X: 68 64 75 50 64 80 75 40 55 64
Y: 62 58 68 45 81 60 68 48 50 70. Ans(0.545)
xiii) The following are the heights of father and their eldest son in inches, calculate the coefficient of correlation:
Father's height: 68 64 69 71 61 62 66 68
Son's height: 66 67 68 70 63 64 65 66 (0.851602)2012-13
xiv) Find the rank of correlation for the following data:
X: 68 69 64 74 78 79 91 94
Y: 66 67 74 84 79 81 90 90
xv) Find the rank correlation coefficient of marks A and b from the following data: 2016(Ans-0)
Marks A: 15 20 27 13 45 60 20 75
Marks B: 50 30 55 30 25 10 30 70
xvi) (Repeated Ranks) Find the rank correlation for a certain joint stock company, the prices of preference shares (X) and
debentures (Y) are given below 0.125
X: 73.2 85.8 78.9 75.8 77.2 81.2 83.8
Y: 97.8 99.2 98.8 98.3 98.3 96.7 97.1
xvii) Find the rank correlation from the following data r=0.8961
X: 56 42 72 36 63 47 55 49 38 42 68 60
Y: 147 125 160 118 149 128 150 145 115 140 152 155(2013-14
8. Regression Analysis Part-1 Part-2

i) If the regression coefficients are 0.8 and 0.2 what would be the value of coefficient of correlation? 20-21(odd)
i)-2 If the regression coefficients are 0.8 and 0.8 what would be the value of coefficient of correlation? 21-22(Even)
ii) The following table gives ages(x) in years of cars and annual maintenance cost(y) in hundred rupees
x: 1 3 5 7 9
y: 15 18 21 23 22 20-21(odd)
estimate the maintenance cost for a 4 year old car after finding the regression Eq Ans(b=0.95, Rs 1885)
iii) Calculate linear regression coefficients from the following:
x: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
y: 3 7 10 12 14 17 20 24

iv) Find the coefficient of correlation if 2 regression lines are 2𝑥 − 9𝑦 + 6 = 0 and 𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 1 = 0 Ans(2/3)
iv-2) The line of regression of y on x and x on y are respectively 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 5 𝑎𝑛𝑑 16𝑥 − 9𝑦 = 94 Find the correlation
coefficient Ans( )21-22(Odd
v) Find the lines of regression for the following data
X: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Y: 3 4 6 9 8 12 16 4 8
Obtain the estimate of Y when X = 4·5. ()a=4.1944,b=0.7166,y=7.4191)2012-13
vi) The two lines of regression for a bivariate distribution are 𝟑𝐱 + 𝟐𝐲 = 𝟕 and 𝐱 + 𝟒𝐲 = 𝟗. Find the regression
coefficient 𝒃𝒚𝒙 and 𝑏𝑥𝑦 Ans(-2/3, -1/4)MTU-12-13
vii) Find the coefficient of correlation if 2 regression lines are 5𝑥 − 𝑦 = 22 and 64𝑥 − 45𝑦 = 24 (1/5,64/45)2013-14
viii) Find the line of regression for the following data (a=.869, b=3.99),(a=.842,b=-.8143)(05-06)
X: 1 3 5 7 11 13 17 19
Y: 3 5 7 11 13 17 19 23
viii-2, from the following data, determine the equations of line of regression of yon x and x on y
x: 6 2 10 4 8
y: 9 11 5 8 7 21-22(even
ix) In a partially destroyed laboratory record of an analysis of a correlation data, the following results only are legible:
Variance of x = 9 Regression equations: 8x-10y + 66 = 0, 40x-18y = 214.
Find out--- (a) the mean values of x and y (b) the standard deviation of y and the coefficient of
correlation between x and y. Ans---(13,17),r=0.σy = 4 UPTU 2008,2009,10,14-15,18,19-20(odd
x) The two lines of regressions are given by 5y − 8x + 17 = 0 and 2y − 5x + 14 = 0. And variance of y =16.
Calculate
a. The mean of x and y
b. Variance of x
c. The correlation coefficient. Ans(r=4/5,4,
xi) The two lines of regressions are given by x + 2y − 5 = 0 and 2x + 3y − 8 = 0. And variance of x =12. Calculate
a. The mean of x and y
b. Variance of y
c. The correlation coefficient. 2014-15 2015-16
xii) The regression lines of y on x and x on y are respectively y = ax + b and x = cy + d.
σy a bc+d ad+b
Show that σx
= √c, x̅ = 1-ac
, and y̅ = 1-ac
. 2009
xiii) If two random variables, x and y with the same mean, the regression equations are 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏and 𝑥 = 𝛼𝑦 + 𝛽. Show
𝑏 1−𝑎 𝛽−𝑏
that 𝛽 = 1−𝛼 and find the common mean. Ans--- 𝑚 = 𝑎−𝛼 GBTU 2010,14-15,2017
xiv) Find the regression equations and coefficient of correlation from the given data:
∑ 𝒙 = 𝟔𝟎, ∑ 𝒙𝟐 = 𝟒𝟏𝟔𝟎, ∑ 𝒚 = 𝟒𝟎, , ∑ 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟏𝟕𝟐𝟎, ∑ 𝒙𝒚 = 𝟏𝟏𝟓𝟎, N=10 2013-14(0.37)
xv) Find the angle between two lines of regression and interpret it for r = 0, ±1. 2015,17
Non linear REGRESSION

xvi) Obtain regression plane by using multiple linear regression of the following data (error in question)
X: 1 2 3 4
Z: 0 1 2 3
Y: 12 18 24 30 Ans(y=10+2x+4z) 2015-16
xvii) Find the multiple linear regression of X1 on X2 and X3 from the following data relating to three variables
X1: 7 12 17 20
X2 4 7 9 12
X3 1 2 5 8 Ans(x=0.6441+1.661y+0.0169z) 2009,17
xviii) Find the multiple linear regression of X1 on X2 and X3 from the following data relating to three variables
X1: 3 5 6 8 12 10
X2 10 10 5 7 5 2
X3 20 25 15 16 15 2 2019-20(Odd)

4th Unit (Statistical Technique-II) by Saurabh sir |P a g e | 16
Module IV: Statistical Techniques II:

1. Laws of probability
i) A bag contains 7 white, 6 red and 5 black balls. Two balls are drawn at random. Find the probability that
they will both be white.
ii) Four cards are drawn from a pack of cards. Find the probability that (i) all are diamonds (ii) there is one card
of each suit and (iii) there are two spades and two hearts. Ans(6/11,5/11)
iii) A and B through alternative with a single die, A having the first throw. The person who first through ace is
to win. What are their respective chances of winning?
iv) Find the probability that the leap year selected at random will contain 53 Monday. Ans(2/7)2015-16
v) Define multiplication law of probability. A and B appear in an interview for vacancies in the same post. The
probability of A's selection is 1/7 and that of B's selection is 1/5. What is the probability that both of them
will be selected? Ans(1/35)) 2013-14
vi) A husband and wife appear in an interview for two vacancies in the same post. The probability of husband's
selection is 1/7 and- that of wife's selection is 1/5. What is the probability that (i) both of them (ii) only one
of them (iii) none of them will be selected·? Ans-(1/35 2/7, 24/35) 2015-16
vii) A box contains 6 red, 4 white and 5 black balls. A person draws 4 balls from the box at random. Find the
probability that among the balls drawn is at least one ball of each colour. Ans(48/91))2014-15(CO)
viii) From a bag containing 10 black and 20 white balls, a ball is drawn at random. What is the probability that it
is black Ans-1/3
ix) One card is drawn from a standard pack of 52. What is the probability that it is either a king or queen (ii) a
king Ans-2/13,1/13 2013-14
x) A bag contains 10 white and 15 black balls. Two balls are drawn at random one after the other without
replacement. Find the probability (i)both balls drawn are black. (ii) 1st ball is white & 2nd is black
Ans(6/56), ?.... 22-23(Odd
xi) A problem in statistics is given to five students A, B, C, D, and E. Their chances of solving it are
1/2,1/3,1/4,1/5 and 1/6 what is the probability that the problem will be solved? Ans-5/6
xii) If 𝑃(𝐴) = 1/4 , 𝑃(𝐵) = 1/2, 𝑃(𝐴 ∪∩ 𝐵) = 1/𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡, Find 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) 2022-23(Odd)
2. Bayes’ theorem
i) State and explain Bayes’ theorem 2005-06,2019,20-21Odd),21-22(Even
ii) An urn I contains 4 white and 6 red balls and an urn II contains 4 white and 5 red balls. One ball is drawn
at random from one of the urns and is found to be white.
Find the probability that it was drawn from the (i) 1st urn (ii) 2nd urn Ans-( ) 21-22(even
iii) Three urns contain 6 red, 4 black; 4red, 6 black; 5red ,5 black balls respectively. One of the urns is selected
at random and a ball is drawn from it. If the ball drawn is red find the probability that it is drawn from the
first urn. Ans-2/5
iv) In a Bolt factory, machine A, B and C manufacture respectively 25%, 35% and 40% of the total. Of their
output 5 4 and 2% are defective bolts. A bolt is drawn at random from the product and is found to be
defective what is the probability that it was manufactured by machine B? Ans (0.41)
v) A factory has two machines A and B. Past record shows that machine A produced 60% of the items of
output and machine B 40% of the items. Further, 2% of the items produced by machine A were defective
and 1% produced by machine B were defective. If a defective item is drawn at random, what is the
probability that it was produced
a. by machine A.
b. by machine B Ans(a)--(3/4) 2014-15(CO)

vi) A man is known to speak truth 3 out of 4 times he throws a die and reports that it is a six. Find the
probability that it is actually a six? 2012-13
vii) The probability that a civilian can hit a target is 2/5 and the probability that an army officer can hit the same target is
3/5 while the civilian can fire 8 shots in the time the army officer fires 10 shots. If they fire together, what is the
probability that army officer shots the target? ~~19-20(odd
viii) A bag contains 10 red balls, 6 White balls and 4 green balls. Three balls are drawn, without replacement.
Find the probability of drawing (i) one ball of each colour, (ii) no red ball and (iii) only one white ball.
3. Random variables (Discrete and Continuous Random variable)

i) Define random variable.
ii) A random variables X has the following probability function:
Value of X x: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
p(x): 0 k 2k 2k 3k k2 2k2 7k2+k
a. Find k
b. Evaluate P(x<6),P(x≥2), P(3<x≤6) P(x≥6) 2022-23 Odd
1
c. Find the minimum value of x so that P(X ≤ x) > 2).
iii) A die is tossed thrice. A success is getting 1 or 6. Find the mean and the variance of the number of successes.
iv) A random variables X has the following probability function:
x: 0 1 2 3
F(x): 3k 2k 2k k
Determine (i) k (ii) mean of the distribution BT21-22(Odd
4. Probability mass function and Probability density function.

𝑘
i) If the probability density function 𝑓(𝑥) = 1+𝑥 2 , − ∞ < 𝑥 < ∞. Find the value of ‘k’ and probability
distribution function
ii) If the probability density function f(x) = ce-|x| , -∞ < x < ∞. 20-21(odd)
Find the value of ‘c’, mean and variance
iii) The probability density function f(x) of a continuous random variable X is defined by
𝐴
, 5 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 10
𝑓(𝑥) = {𝑥 2 Find the value of A 19-20(Odd
0, 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒
iv) The probability density function f(x) of a continuous random variable X is defined by
𝑘𝑥 3 , 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 3
𝑓(𝑥) = { Find the value of k 21-22(Odd
0, 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒
3
v) For the continuous variable X if 𝑓(𝑥) = 4 (𝑥 2 + 1), 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1, Then
a. Verify that f(x) is a probability distribution function
b. Find 𝜆 such that 𝑃(𝑥 ≤ 𝜆) = 𝑃(𝑥. . 𝜆) 22-23(Odd
5. Expectation and variance

i) Consider the following discrete probability distribution:
X: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
P(X): 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.25 0.15 0.15 0.10
Find E(X).
ii) A random variable x has the following probability distribution:
X: 0 1 2 3
P(X): 1/7 3/7 2/7 1/7 Find the SD
iii) What is the expected value of the number of points that will be obtained in single throw an ordinary die?
Find variance also.
iv) Thirteen cards are drawn simultaneously from a pack of 52 cards . If aces count 1, face cards 10 and others
according to denomination, find the expectation of the total score on the 13 cards.
6. Binomial Distribution: [𝒏𝑪𝒓𝒑𝒓 𝒒𝒏−𝒓 & 𝒎𝒆𝒂𝒏 = 𝒏𝒑, 𝐯𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞 = 𝒏𝒑𝒒]

i) Comment on the following statements: for a Binomial distribution, mean is 6 and variance is 9. [20-21(odd)
ii) A die is tossed thrice. A success is getting 1 or 6 on a toss. Find the mean and variance of the number of
success 21-22(even
ii)-2 Find the mean of the Binomial distribution B(4,1/3) 19-20(odd
iii) Find the parameter p and q of the binomial distribution whose mean is 12 and SD is 2 2015-16
iv) If 10% of the bolts produced by a machine are defective, determine the probability that out of 10 bolts chosen
at random
a) 1 b) None c) at most 2 bolts will be defective
Ans--(0.3874,0.3486,0.9297) BT21-22(Odd
v) A die is thrown five times. If getting an odd number is a success, find the probability of getting at least four
successes. 2012(3/16)
vi) Six dice are thrown 729 times. How many times do you expect at least three dice to show a five or six?
vii) Out of 800 families with 4 children each, what percentage would you expect to have
a) 2 boys and 2 girls b) at least one boys. C) no girl d) at most 2 girls
Assume equal probability for boys and girls. Ans—300,750, 50, 550, UPTU 2014,11,12,17, BT21-22(Ev
viii) The probability of any ship of a company being destroyed on a certain voyage is 0.02. The company owns
6 ships for the voyage. What is the probability of
a. Losing one ship
b. Losing at most two ships
c. Losing none? (0.1085,0.9997,0.8858) 2014-15
ix) A can hit a target 3 times in 5 shots, B 2 times in 5 shots and C 3 times in 4 shots. They fire a volley.
What is the probability that (i) two shots hit, (ii) at least two shots hit the target.
x) The incidence of a certain disease is such that on the average 20 % of workers suffer from it. If 10 workers
are selected at random, find the probability that
i. Exactly 2 workers suffer from disease
ii. Not more than 2 workers suffer from the disease.
Calculate the probability up to fourth decimal places. 2015-16
xi) Fit a Binomial distribution to the data given in the following table: 2012 100(0.7+0.3)^4
x 0 1 2 3 4
f(x) 24 41 28 5 2
xii) Fit a binomial distribution to the following frequency data:Ans)150(0.68+0.32)^4 2013-14, ~~21(odd
X: 0 1 2 3 4
Y: 30 62 46 10 2
xiii) Fit a binomial distribution to the following data 104(0.7404+0.2596)^4 2011
X 0 1 3 4
F 28 62 10 4
xiv) Find the moment generating function of Binomial distribution and calculate its mean and variance. (12,15,21
xv) The sum and product of the mean and variance of a binomial distribution are 24 and 128 respectively. Find
the distribution. MTU 2012-13
xvi) A binomial variable X satisfies the relation 9P (X = 4) = P(X = 2) when n = 6. Find the value of the parameter
p and P(X = 1).

𝒆−𝝀 𝝀𝒓
7. Poisson Distribution: [𝑷(𝑿 = 𝒓) = 𝒓! & 𝐦𝐞𝐚𝐧 = 𝐯𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞 = 𝝀 = 𝒏𝒑]
i) Using the Poisson distribution, find the probability that the king of spades will be drawn from a pack of
well-shuffled cards at least once in 104 consecutive trials. 2015(0.8647)
ii) If the prob. Of a bad reaction from a certain injection is 0.0002, determine the chance that out of 1000
individuals more than two will get a bad reaction. Ans(0.0012, BT 21-22(Even
iii) Suppose that a book of 600 pages contains 40 printing mistakes. Assume that these errors are randomly
distributed throughout the book and r, the number of errors per page has a Poisson distribution. What is the
probability that 10 pages selected at random will be free from errors?
iv) It is given that 2% of the electric bulbs manufactured by a company are defective. Using Poisson distribution,
find the probability that a sample of 200 bulbs will contain
a) no defective bulb b) two defective bulbs
c) at most three defective bulbs. 2011(0.0183,0.1465,0.43347
iv-2) The number of accidents in a year involving taxi drivers in a city follows a poison distribution with mean
equal to 3. Out of 1,000 text drivers find approximately the number of drivers such that
a. no accidents in a year
b. more than three accidents in a year [𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑒 −3 = 0.04979) 21-22(Odd
v) The distribution of the number of road accident per day in a city is Poisson with mean 4. Find the
number of days out of 100 days when there will be (i) no accident (ii) at least 2 accidents ~~21(odd
vi) Six coins are tossed 6400 times. Using the Poisson distribution, determine the approximate probability of
getting six heads x times. 2014-15
vii) There are 50 telephone lines in an exchange. The probability that any one of them will be busy is 0·1. What
is the probability that all the lines are busy? 2012-13
viii) In a certain factory, turning out razor blades, there is a small chance of 0.002 for any blade to be defective.
The blades are supplied in packets of 10. Calculate the approximate number of packets containing no
defective, one defective and two defective blades in a consignment of 10000 packets. (9802,196,2)2009
ix) Drive the Poisson distribution as a limiting case of binomial distribution. 2010,13,13,14,21-22(odd
x) Find the moment generating function of Poisson distribution and hence calculate its mean and variance.
xi) Fit a Poisson distribution to the following data and calculate theoretical frequencies
Deaths: 0 1 2 3 4 2010,14,19(odd),~~21(even
Frequencies: 122 60 15 2 1 Ans(121,61,15,3,0)
xii) The following table gives the number of days in a 50 days period during which automobile accidents occurs
in a city
No of accidents: 0 1 2 3 4
No of Days: 21 18 7 3 1
Fit a Poisson Distribution to the data and calculate the theoretical frequency 21-22(Even)

8. Normal Distribution:
i) Find the area under the normal curve in each of the cases
a. 𝑧 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑧 = 1.2
b. 𝑧 = −0.68 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑧 = 0
c. 𝑧 = −0.46 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑧 = 2.21
d. 𝑧 = 0.81 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑧 = 1.94
e. To the Lelft of z = -0.6
f. Right of z = -1.28
ii) Find the value of z in each of the classes
a. Area between 0 and z is 0.3770
b. Area to the left of z is 0.8621
iii) A sample of 100 dry battery cells tested to find the length of life produced the following results: x̅ =
12 hours, σ = 3 hours. Assuming the data to be normally distributed, what percentage of battery cells
expected to have life
a) More than 15 hours b) less than 6 hours c) between 10 and 14 hours? 20-21(odd)
iv) In a sample of 1000 cases, the mean of a certain test is 14 and S.D. is 2.5. Assuming the distribution to be
normal, find
a) How many students score between 12 and 15? b) How many score above 18?
c) How many score below 8? d) How many score 16?
Ans--(444, 55, 8,116) 2014-15,21-22(Odd
v) Assume mean heights of soldiers to be 68.22 inches with a variance of 10.8 inches square. How many
soldiers in a regiment of 1,000 would you expect to be over 6 feet tall, given that the area under the standard
normal curve between z = 0 and z = 0.35 is 0.1368 and between z = 0 and z = 1.15 is 0.3746.(Ans 125,2011)
vi) In a normal distribution, 31% of the items are under 45 and 8% are over 64. Find the mean and SD of the
1 𝑡 2
distribution. It is given that if 𝑓(𝑡) =
√2𝜋
∫0 𝑒 −𝑥 /2 𝑑𝑥 then f(0.5)=0.19 and f(1.4)=0.42 2014-15,18,19
vii) An electrical firm manufactures light bulbs which have a life length that is normally distributed with mean
800 hours and standard deviation of 40 hours. Find the probability that the bulb burns between 778 hours to
834 hours. Ans(0.511
viii) The Life of Army shoes is normally distributed with mean 8 months and standard deviation 2 months. if
5000 pairs are insured, how many pairs would be expected to need replacement after 12 months?
ix) If the height of 300 students is normally distributed with mean 64.5 inches and standard deviation 3.3 inches
find the height below which 99% of the students lie
x) A manufacture knows from experience that the resistance of resistors he produces is normal with mean 100
ohms and standard deviation 2 ohms. Determine what percentage of resistors will have resistance between
98 ohms and 102ohms. BT21-22(Odd
xi) Suppose that the weight of 600 male students is normally distributed with mean 70 kg and SD 5 kg. Find
the number of students with weight (i) between 69 and 74 kg (ii) more than 76 kg BT21-22(Even

5th Unit (Statistical Technique-III) by Saurabh sir |P a g e | 21
Module-V: (Statistical Technique-III)

1. Sampling Theory (Small and Large), Hypothesis
2. Testing a Hypothesis, Level of significance
3. t-Tests:
i) The lifetime of electric bulbs for a random sample of 10 from a large consignment gave the following data:
Item: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Life in ‘000 hrs. 4.2 4.6 3.9 4.1 5.2 3.8 3.9 4.3 4.4 5.6
Can we accept the hypothesis that the average lifetime of a bulb is 4-hours? (at 5% level of
significance value of t-statistic for 9 degree of freedom is 2.26 2015-16
ii) A sample of 20 items has mean 42 units and S.D. 5 units. Test the hypothesis that it is a random sample
from a normal population with mean 45 units.
iii) A random sample of size 16 has 53 as mean. The sum of squares of the deviation from mean is 135. Can
this sample be regarded as taken from the population having 56 as mean? Obtain 95% and 99% confidence
limits of the mean of the population. Ans(t=4)
iv) The 9 items of a sample have the following values 45, 47, 50, 52, 48, 47, 49, 53, 51. Does the mean
of these values differ significantly from the assumed mean 47.5? 21-22(Even, BT(21-22(Odd
v) The average number of articles produced by two machines per day are 200 and 250 with standard deviations
20 and 25 respectively on the basis of records of 25 days production. Can you regard both the machines
equally efficient at 5% level of significance?
t-Test (difference of means of two small samples)

vi) Sample of sizes 10 and 14 were taken from two normal population with standard deviation 3.5 and 5.2. The
sample means were found to be 20.3 and 18.6. Test whether the means of the two populations are the same
at 5% level of significance. 2013-14 BT21-22(Odd
vii) The height of 6 randomly chosen sailors in inches are 63, 65, 68, 69, 71, and 72. Those of 9 randomly chosen
soldiers are 61, 62, 65, 66, 69, 70, 71, 72, and 73. Test whether the sailors are on the average taller than
soldiers. 2014-15, 2015-16
viii) Two independent samples of size 7 and 9 have the following values:
Sample A: 10 12 10 13 14 11 10
Sample B: 10 13 15 12 10 14 11 12 11
Test whether the difference between the mean is significant.
ix) The score of 10 candidates obtained in test before and after attending some coaching classes are given below
Before: 54 76 92 65 75 78 66 82 80 78 22-23(Odd)
After: 60 80 86 72 80 72 66 88 82 73
is the coaching for the test effective test at 5% level of significance
Click on Highlighted
Text for Video Lecture
4. F-test (variance ratio test)

i) Two independent sample of size 7 and 6 had the following value:
Sample A: 28 30 32 33 31 29 34
Sample B: 29 30 30 24 27 28 ~~21-22(even
Examine whether the samples have been drawn from normal populations having the same variance
ii) Two random samples drawn from 2 normal populations are as follows:
A: 17 27 18 28 27 29 13 17
B: 16 16 20 27 26 25 21
Test whether the samples are drawn from the same normal population.

iii) Two independent samples of size 8 and 7 have the following values:
Sample A: 10 12 10 14 9 8 10
Sample B: 9 11 13 11 15 9 12 14
Do the estimates of population variance differ significantly? Given that for 7 and 6 degree of freedom of
F at 5% level of significance is 4.20 nearly. 2014-15(CO)
iv) The following data present the yields in quintals of common ten subdivisions of equal area of two agricultural
plots: Ans (2.63)
Plot 1: 6.2 5.7 6.5 6.0 6.3 5.8 5.7 6.0 6.0 5.8
Plot2: 5.6 5.9 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.7 6.0 5.5 5.7 5.5
Test whether two samples taken from two random populations have the same variance (5% point
of for v1=9 and v2=9 is 3.18
v) Two samples are drawn from two normal population. From the following data test whether the two samples
have the same variance at 5% Ans (0.681)
Sample 1: 60 65 71 74 76 82 85 87
Sample 2: 61 66 67 85 78 63 85 86 88 91
vi) The value in two random samples is given below 2022-23 Odd
Sample1: 15 25 16 20 22 24 21 17 19 23
Sample1: 35 31 25 38 26 29 32 34 33 27 29 31
Test whether the samples are drawn from the same normal population. (Test 5% level of significance)
vii) In two independent samples of size 8 and 10 the sum of square of deviation of the sample values from the
respective means were 84.4 and 102.6. Test whether the difference of variance of populations is segment or
not. Use a 5% level of significance [𝐹0.05,(7,9) = 3.29] 21-22(Odd
5. Chi-square test (Goodness of fit)

i) A coin was tossed 400 times and the head turned up 216 times. Test the hypothesis that the coin is unbiased.
Ans-1.6/p502
ii) The following table gives the number of accidents that took place in an industry various day of the week.
Test if accidents are uniformly distributed over the week.
Day: Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
No of Accidents 14 18 12 11 15 14 2012-13,~~21(even
ii-2) The demand for a particular spare part in a factory was found to vary from day to day in a sample study the
following information was obtained
Day: Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat 21-22(Even
No of parts demanded: 1124 1125 1110 1120 1126 1115
Use χ2 test to test the hypothesis that the number of parts demanded does not depend on the day of
the week (Given χ20.05 = 11.07 for 5 df)
iii) A die is thrown 276 times and results of these throws are given below 2018, BT(21-22(Odd
No Appeared on the die 1 2 3 4 5 6
Frequency 40 32 29 59 57 59
Test whether the die is biased or not
iv) A die is thrown 90 times with the following results: Ans(2.8)2010p
Face: 1 2 3 4 5 6 Totals
Freq: 10 12 16 14 18 20 90
2
Use χ test to test whether these data are consistent with the hypothesis that die is unbiased.
Given χ20.05 = 11.07for 5 degree of freedom 2014-15
v) The following table shows the distribution of digits in the numbers chosen at random from a telephone
directory:
Digits: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Frequency: 1026 1107 997 966 1075 933 1107 972 964 853
Test whether the digits may be taken to occur equally frequently in the directory. Ans-58.542/p527

vi) Records taken of the number of male and female births in 800 families having four children are as follows:
No of Male births: 0 1 2 3 4 2009
No of Female births: 4 3 2 1 0
No of frequency: 32 178 290 236 64
Test whether the data are consistent with the hypothesis that the Binomial law holds and the chance of
male birth is equal to that of female birth, namely p=q=1/2. [χ20.05 (4) = 9.488]
vii) Fit a Poisson distribution to the following data and test the goodness of fit: Ans(0.41515
x: 0 1 2 3 4
f(x): 109 65 22 3 1 Give that χ20.05 (2) = 5.991) Ans-0.41515
viii) Fit a Poisson distribution to the following data and test the goodness of fit:
X: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
f: 275 72 30 7 5 2 1 Give that χ20.05 (2) = 5.991) Ans-40.937
Chi-Square test (As a Test of Independency)

ix) From the following table regarding the color of eyes of father and son, test if the color of son’s eye is
associated with that of the father. 20-21(odd) BT21-22(Even
Eye color of son
Light Not Light

Eye color of father Light 471 51
Not Light 148 230
x) The following table gives the number of good and bad parts produced by each of the three shifts in a factory:
Goods Parts Bad Parts Total
Day Shift 960 40 1000
Evening Shift 940 50 990
Night Shift 950 45 995
Total 2850 135 2985
Test whether or not the production of bad parts is independent of the shift on which they were produced
xi) Describe briefly the chi-square test
Twenty-two animal suffering from same disease with the same severity. A serum was administered to 10
of the animals and the remaining were uninoculated to serve a control. The results were as follows:
Recovered Died Total
Inoculated 7 3 10
Uninoculated 3 9 12
Total 10 12 22
Apply chi-square test to test the association between Inoculations and control the disease. Interpret the
result
xii) The following data is collected on two characters: Ans-No
Smokers Non smokers
Literate 83 57
Illiterate 45 68
Based on this information can you say that there is no relation between habit of smoking and literacy.
xiii) The following table gives the classification of 100 workers according to sex and nature of work. Test whether nature
of work is independent of the sex of worker. (Give that χ20.05 (1) = 3.841) 2015-16
Skilled Unskilled Total
Male 40 20 60
Female 10 30 40
Total 50 50 100

xiv) To test the inoculation against cholera, the following table was obtained:
Attacked Not attacked Total
Inoculated 30 160 190
Not inoculated 140 460 600
Total 170 620 790
(The figure represents the number of persons) Ans (4.863) 2009,13,18,19-20(Odd
Use χ2 -test to test to refute or defend the statement that the inoculation prevents attack from cholera.
xiv-2) in an experiment on immunization of cattle from tuberculosis the following results were obtained
Affected Not Affected
Inoculated 12 28
Not inoculated 13 7
Examine the effect of vaccine in controlling the incidence of the disease [Given χ20.05 (1) = 3.84] 21-22(Odd
xv) From the following table, test the hypothesis that the flower colour is independent of flatness of
leaf:
Flat leaves Curled leaves Total
White flowers 99 36 135
Red flowers 20 5 25
𝑃 0.5 0.1 0.05
Ν=1: { 2 2014-15(CO)
𝜒 0.455 2.706 3.841
6. ANOVA (One-way Analysis of Variance)
i) It is desired to compare three hospitals with regards to the number of deaths per months. A sample of death
records were selected from the records of each hospitals and the number of deaths was as given below from
these data suggest a difference in the number of the deaths per months among three hospitals [20-21(odd)
Hospitals
A B C
3 6 7
4 3 3
3 3 4
5 4 6
0 4 5
ii) A manufacturing company purchased three new machines of different makes and wishes to determine whether
one of them is faster than the others in producing A certain output. Five hourly production figures are observed
at random from each machine and results are given below: 2014-15
Observations A1 A2 A3
1 25 31 24
2 30 39 30
3 36 38 28
4 38 42 25
5 31 35 28
Use ANOVA and determine the machine are significantly different in their mean, speed (5% level, F2,12=3.89)
iii) Below are given the yield kg. For four varieties of tables. Prepare ANOVA table and test that varieties differ
significantly.
A B C D
20 25 24 23
19 23 20 20
21 21 22 20
iv) State the fundamental principles of analysis of variance (ANOVA). The yield in kg per plot for the three
varieties of seed cotton are given below:
Variety I 77 70 63 84 95 81 88 111
Variety II 109 106 137 79 134 78 126 98
Variety III 46 70 71 65 61 40 47 73
i. Write out the analysis of variance table

ii. Test if the variance differs significantly among themselves
iii. If the result of (ii) is affirmative, determine which varieties differ.
Ans--CF-168170, SST-16123, 9702375, UPTU 2005-06,19-20(odd
v) A company wants to test whether its three salesman A, B and C have the same selling ability. Their records
of sales (in Rs ‘000) during various weeks of the last month are given in the following table:
Salesman 1st week 2nd week 3rd week 4th week
A 16 21 18 25
B 22 20 15 26
C 25 24 16 20
Prepare an analysis of variance table and test the hypothesis that the mean sales per week of all salesmen are
equal. (F0.05(2,9) =4.25) 2015-16
vi) The following data represent the number of units of production per day tumed out by 5 different workers wing 4
different types of machines
Machine Type
Worker A B C D
1 44 38 47 36
2 46 40 52 43
3 34 36 44 32
4 43 38 46 33
5 38 42 49 39
Using analysis of variance
a. Test whether the mean productivity is the same for diff. machine types
b. Test whether the 5 men differ with respect to mean productivity
vii) Three machines are used for a production on the basis of output test whether the machines are equally effective:
Outputs
Machine − I Machine − II Machine − III
10 9 20
5 7 16
11 5 10
10 6 14 2012-13
viii) The following tables gives the death records of three hospital BT21-22(Odd
Hospital A: 3 4 3 5 0
Hospital B: 6 3 3 4 4
Hospital C: 7 3 4 6 5
From these data. Discuss about the difference in the number of the deaths per months among three hospitals.
Given that the tabulated value of F for 2 and 12 degrees of freedom is 3.88 at 5% level of significance
ix) The following figures relate to the production in kg of three varieties I,II and III of wheat sown in 12 plots
Variety I 14 16 18
Variety II 14 13 15 22
Variety III 18 16 19 19 20
Is there any significant difference in the production of three varieties Given that the tabulated value of F for 2
and 9 degree of freedom is 4.26 at 5% level of significance BT21-22(Even
̅
7. Control Charts for variables (𝑋 and R Charts)
i) The following are the mean lengths and ranges of lengths of a finished product from 10 samples each of size
5. The specification limits for length are 200 ±5 cm. Construct ̅ X and R-chart and examine whether the
process is under control and state your recommendation.
Sample No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
X: 201 198 202 200 203 204 199 196 199 201
R: 5 0 7 3 3 7 2 8 5 6
Assume for n = 5, A2 = 0.577, D3 = 0, D4 = 2.115.

ii) The following table gives the sample means and ranges of I Q samples each of size 6, in the production of
certain component. Construct the control chart for mean and range and comment on the nature of control
Sample No.: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Mean𝑋̅: 37.5 49.8 51.5 59.2 54.7 34.7 51.4 61.4 70.7 75.3
Range R: 9.5 12.8 10.0 9.1 7.8 5.8 14.5 2.8 3.7 8.0
iii) Determine the control limits for 𝑋̅ and R charts if ∑ 𝑋̅ = 357.50, ∑ 𝑅 = 9.90 Number of subgroups=20. It
is given that A2 =0.18, D3=0.41, D4 =1.59 and d2=3.736 also find the process capability. 2014-15
̅
iv) The following data shows the value of sample mean 𝑋 and range R for 10 samples of size 5 each. Calculate
the values for central line and control limits for 𝑋̅ and R charts. Also determine whether the process is in under
control or not.
Sample No.: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Mean 𝑋̅: 11.2 11.8 10.8 11.6 11 9.6 10.4 9.6 10.6 10
Range R: 7 4 8 5 7 4 8 4 7 9 BT-21-22(Odd
v) The following data shows the value of sample mean 𝑋̅ and range R for 10 samples of size 5 each. Calculate
the control limits for mean chart and range chart. Also determine whether the process is in under control or not.
Sample No.: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Mean ̅
𝑋: 10 12.5 9.6 11 11.3 10.4 10.8 9 11.6 9
Range R: 8 5 9 6 8 5 9 5 8 4 BT-21-22(Ev
Given that for n=5, A2 =0.577, D3=0, D4 =2.115
8. Control Charts for attributes (p, np and C charts).
P-Chart
i) The following figures give the number of defects in 10 samples, each containing 200 items:
Sample: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Defects: 40 44 22 34 24 32 28 32 34 30.
Calculate the values for central line and the upper and lower control limits of p-chart. Draw the p-chart and
comment if the process can be regarded in control Ans--0.16, .2378, .0822
ii) The following table gives the number of defective mobiles in 8 samples, each sample containing 100
mobiles:
Sample of mobile 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
No of defective 2 5 5 6 1 5 1 7
Find the control limits ~~19-20(odd
iii) Construct a p-chart for the following data(n=100):
No of Sample 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
No of defective 12 10 6 8 9 9 7 10 11 8
iii-2) following is the data of defectives of 10 sampler of size 100 each
Sample no: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
No of defective: 15 11 9 6 5 4 3 2 7 1
Construct p-chart and state whether the process is in statistical control. 21-22(even
iv) The number of defectives in 20 samples each of 2000 items are given below
425, 430, 216, 341, 225, 322, 280, 306, 337, 305, 356, 402, 216, 264, 126, 409, 193, 280, 326, 389
Ans--0.1537, 0.1779, 0.12952
v) Construct a p-chart for the following data(n=100)
No of Sample: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
No of defective: 22 166 18 14 38 3 20 36 26 8 0 19
0.0917, .01529, 0.0305
vi) The number of defectives found in inspection of 4 lots of 25 items each is given below. Draw the p-chart
for the following data and examine whether the process is under control: MTU 13-14
Lot 1 2 3 4
No of defective 9 10 12 8
vii) The data below give the number of defective bearings in samples of size 150. Construct p-chart for
these data and state your comment.

Sample no 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
No of defective 12 7 5 4 1 5 9 0 15 6 7 4 1 3 6 8 10 5 2 7
Compute control limits for p-chart. [Ans-UCL = 0.08650, CL = 0.03905, LCL = 0]
viii) A daily sample of 30 items was taken over a period of 14 days in order to establish attributes control limits.
If 21 defectives were found, what should be upper and lower control limits of the proportion of defectives?
Ans-.1694,0, Ans(0.05,0.17,0)
ix) If the average fraction defective of a large sample of a product is 0.1537, calculate the control limits when
subgroup size is 2,000. Ans-0.1778.12952,.5137
x) The data of defective of 10 sample of size 50 each are given below: Ans (0.06,0.1608,-.0.0408~0)
Sample no: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
No of defective: 4 2 3 3 4 4 4 2 3 1
Construct p-chart and give your comment. 2015-16
9. np-chart
i) In a blade manufacturing factory, 1000 blades are examined daily. Draw the np chart for the following table
and examine whether the process is under control?
Date: 12 3 456 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
No of defective blades: 9 10 12 8 7 15 10 12 10 8 7 13 14 15 16
ii) Following is the data of defective of 10 samples of size 100 each. Construct np chart and examine whether
the process is in statistical control? (9.6, 18.44, 0.76 2010
No of Sample 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
No of defective 6 9 12 5 12 8 8 16 13 7
iii) Construct a np-chart(n=100) for the following data and give your comments (8.5, 16.8664, 0.1336
No of Sample 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
No of defective 6 16 7 3 8 12 7 11 11 4
iv) An inspection of 10 samples of size 400 each from 10 lots revealed the following number of defective units:
17,15,14,26,9,4,19,12,9,15, Draw the np-chart and state whether the process is under control or not
21-22(odd)
v) Following is the data of defective of 10 sample of size 100 each. Construct np-chart and explain your findings
Sample No: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 BT21-22(Odd
No of defective:3 4 7 11 3 2 1 5 12 8
10. C-Chart
i) 15 pieces of cloth from different rolls contained respectively 1,5,3,2,7, 6,3,2,6,5, 4,3,4,6 and 3 imperfections
Draw a control chart using these data and state whether the process is in a state of statistical control
ii) During an examination of equal length of cloth, the following are the number of defects observed:
2 , 3 , 4 , 0 , 5 , 6 ,7, 4 , 3 , 2
Draw a control chart for the number of defects and comment whether the process is under control or not
3.6 , 9.2921 , -2.0921(0)
iii) The number of defects in 500 blades are given below:
Days: M T W T F S S
No of defective 1 1 2 3 1 2 1
Are these data under taken out from a controlled process with c-chart 1.557 ,1..57, 5.32 , (-)0
iv) The pieces of cloth out of the different rolls of equal length contained the following number of
defects:
3 0 2 8 4 2 1 3 7 1 prepare a c-chart and state whether the process is in a statistical control?
[Ans-UCLc = 8.38, CLc = 3.1, LCLc = 0]
v) The following table gives the no. of defects in carpets manufactured by a company
Carpet serial no 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
No of defective . 3 4 5 6 3 3 5 3 6 2
Determine the control line and the control limits for c-chart. Ans(4,10,-2~0)

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APPENDIX
Table 1: NORMAL TABLE

AREAS UNDER THE STANDARD NORMAL
CURVE =
1
2π z0
z
e
−
z2
2 dz
z=0 z
z .00 .01 .02 .03 .04 .05 .06 .07 .08 .09
0.0 .0000 .0040 .0080 .0120 .0160 .0199 .0239 .0279 .0319 .0359
0.1 .0398 .0438 .0478 .0517 .0557 .0596 .0636 .0675 .0714 .0754
0.2 .0793 .0832 .0871 .0910 .0948 .0987 .1026 .1064 .1103 .1141
0.3 .1179 .1217 .1255 .1293 .1331 .1368 .1406 .1443 .1480 .1517
0.4 .1554 .1591 .1628 .1664 .1700 .1736 .1772 .1808 .1844 .1879
0.5 .1915 .1950 .1985 .2019 .2054 .2088 .2123 .2157 .2190 .2224
0.6 .2257 .2291 .2324 .2357 .2389 .2422 .2454 .2485 .2517 .2549
0.7 .2580 .2611 .2642 .2673 .2704 .2734 .2764 .2794 .2823 .2852
0.8 .2881 .2910 .2939 .2967 .2995 .3023 .3051 .3078 .3106 .3133
0.9 .3159 .3186 .3212 .3238 .3264 .3289 .3315 .3340 .3365 .3389
1.0 .3413 .3438 .3461 .3485 .3508 .3531 .3554 .3577 .3599 .3621
1.1 .3643 .3665 .3686 .3708 .8729 .3749 .3770 .3790 .3810 .3830
1.2 .3849 .3869 .3888 .3907 .3925 .3944 .3962 .3980 .3997 .4015
1.3 .4032 .4049 .4066 .4082 .4099 .4115 .4131 .4147 .4162 .4177
1.4 .4192 .4207 .4222 .4236 .4251 .4255 .4279 .4292 .4306 .4319
1.5 .4332 .4345 .4357 .4370 .4382 .4394 .4406 .4418 .4429 .4441
1.6 .4452 .4463 .4474 .4484 .4495 .4505 .4515 .4525 .4535 .4545
1.7 .4554 .4564 .4573 .4582 .4591 .4599 .4608 .4616 .4625 .4633
1.8 .4641 .4649 .4656 .4664 .4671 .4678 .4686 .4693 .4699 .4706
1.9 .4713 .4719 .4726 .4732 .4738 .4744 .4750 .4756 .4761 .4767
2.0 .4772 .4778 .4783 .4788 .4793 .4798 .4803 .4808 .4812 .4817
2.1 .4821 .4826 .4830 .4834 .4838 .4842 .4846 .4850 .4854 .4857
2.2 .4861 .4864 .4868 .4871 .4875 .4878 .4881 .4884 .4887 .4890
2.3 .4893 .4896 .4898 .4901 .4904 .4906 .4909 .4911 .4913 .4916
2.4 .4918 .4920 .4922 .4925 .4927 .4929 .4931 .4932 .4934 .4936
2.5 .4938 .4940 .4941 .4943 .4945 .4946 .4948 .4949 .4951 .4952
2.6 .4953 .4955 .4956 .4957 .4959 .4930 .4961 .4962 .4963 .4964
2.7 .4965 .4966 .4967 .4968 .4969 .4970 .4971 .4972 .4973 .4974
2.8 .4974 .4975 .4976 .4977 .4977 .4978 .4979 .4979 .4980 .4981
2.9 .4981 .4982 .4982 .4983 .4984 .4984 .4985 .4985 .4986 .4986
3.0 .4987 .4987 .4987 .4988 .4988 .4989 .4999 .4989 .4990 .4990
3.1 .4990 .4991 .4991 .4991 .4992 .4992 .4992 .4992 .4993 .4993
3.2 .4993 .4993 .4994 .4994 .4994 .4994 .4994 .4995 .4995 .4995
3.3 .4995 .4995 .4995 .4996 .4996 .4996 .4996 .4996 .4996 .4997
3.4 .4997 .4997 .4997 .4997 .4997 .4997 .4997 .4997 .4997 .4998
3.5 .4998 .4998 .4998 .4998 .4998 .4998 .4998 .4998 .4998 .4998
(i)
(ii) A TEXTBOOK OF ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS
Table 2 : SIGNIFICANT VALUES tv (α) OF t-DISTRIBUTION

(TWO TAIL AREAS) [| t | > tv(α)] = α
d.f. Probability (Level of Significance)

(ν) 0.50 0.10 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.001
1 1.00 6.31 12.71 31.82 63.66 636.62
2 0.82 0.92 4.30 6.97 6.93 31.60
3 0.77 2.32 3.18 4.54 5.84 12.94
4 0.74 2.13 2.78 3.75 4.60 8.61
5 0.73 2.02 2.57 3.37 4.03 6.86
6 0.72 1.94 2.45 3.14 3.71 5.96

7 0.71 1.90 2.37 3.00 3.50 5.41
8 0.71 1.80 2.31 2.90 3.36 5.04
9 0.70 1.83 2.26 2.82 3.25 4.78
10 0.70 1.81 2.23 2.76 3.17 4.59
11 0.70 1.80 2.20 2.72 3.11 4.44

12 0.70 1.78 2.18 2.68 3.06 4.32
13 0.69 1.77 2.16 2.05 3.01 4.22
14 0.69 1.76 2.15 2.62 2.98 4.14
15 0.69 1.75 2.13 2.60 2.95 4.07
16 0.69 1.75 2.12 2.58 2.92 4.02

17 0.69 1.74 2.11 2.57 2.90 3.97
18 0.69 1.73 2.10 2.55 2.88 3.92
19 0.69 1.73 2.09 2.54 2.86 3.88
20 0.69 1.73 2.09 2.53 2.85 3.85
21 0.69 1.72 2.08 2.52 2.83 3.83

22 0.69 1.72 2.07 2.51 2.42 3.79
23 0.69 1.71 2.07 2.50 2.81 3.77
24 0.69 1.71 2.06 2.49 2.80 3.75
25 0.68 1.71 2.06 2.49 2.79 3.73
26 0.68 1.71 2.06 2.48 2.78 3.71

27 0.68 1.70 2.05 2.47 2.77 3.69
28 0.68 1.70 2.05 2.47 2.76 3.67
29 0.68 1.70 2.05 2.46 2.76 3.66
30 0.68 1.70 2.04 2.46 2.75 3.65
∞ 0.67 1.65 1.96 2.33 2.58 3.29

APPENDIX (iii)
Table 3 : F-Distribution
Values of F for F-Distributions with 0.05 of the Area in the Right Tail
Degrees of freedom for numerator
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 15 20 24 30 40 60 120 ∞
1 161 200 216 225 230 234 237 239 241 242 244 246 248 249 250 251 252 253 254
2 18.5 19.0 19.2 19.2 19.3 19.3 19.4 19.4 19.4 19.4 19.4 19.4 19.4 19.5 19.5 19.5 19.5 19.5 19.5
3 10.1 9.55 9.28 9.12 9.01 9.94 8.89 8.85 8.81 8.79 8.74 8.70 8.66 8.64 8.62 8.59 8.57 8.55 8.53
4 7.71 6.94 6.59 6.39 6.26 6.16 6.09 6.04 6.00 5.96 5.91 5.86 5.80 5.77 5.75 5.72 5.69 5.66 5.63
5 6.61 5.79 5.41 5.19 5.05 4.95 4.88 4.82 4.77 4.74 4.68 4.62 4.56 4.53 4.50 4.46 4.43 4.40 4.37
6 5.99 5.14 4.76 4.53 4.39 4.28 4.21 4.15 4.10 4.06 4.00 3.94 3.87 3.84 3.81 3.77 3.74 3.70 3.67
7 5.59 4.74 4.35 4.12 3.97 3.87 3.79 3.73 3.68 3.64 3.57 3.51 3.44 3.41 3.38 3.34 3.30 3.27 3.23
8 5.32 4.46 4.07 3.84 3.69 3.58 3.50 3.44 3.39 3.35 3.28 3.22 3.15 3.12 3.08 3.04 3.01 2.97 2.93
9 5.12 4.26 3.86 3.63 3.48 3.37 3.29 3.23 3.18 3.14 3.07 3.01 2.94 2.90 2.86 2.83 2.79 2.75 2.71
10 4.96 4.10 3.71 3.48 3.33 3.22 3.14 3.07 3.02 2.98 2.91 2.85 2.77 2.74 2.70 2.66 2.62 2.58 2.54
11 4.84 3.98 3.59 3.36 3.20 3.09 3.01 2.95 2.90 2.85 2.79 2.72 2.65 2.61 2.57 2.53 2.49 2.45 2.40
12 4.75 3.89 3.49 3.26 3.11 3.00 2.91 2.85 2.80 2.75 2.69 2.62 2.54 2.51 2.47 2.43 2.38 2.34 2.30
13 4.67 3.81 3.41 3.18 3.03 2.92 2.83 2.77 2.71 2.67 2.60 2.53 2.46 2.42 2.38 2.34 2.30 2.25 2.21
14 4.60 3.74 3.34 3.11 3.96 2.85 2.76 2.70 2.65 2.60 2.53 2.46 2.39 2.35 2.31 2.27 2.22 2.18 2.13
15 4.54 3.68 3.29 3.06 3.90 2.79 2.71 2.64 2.59 2.54 2.48 2.40 2.33 2.29 2.25 2.20 2.16 2.11 2.07
16 4.49 3.63 3.24 3.01 2.85 2.74 2.66 2.59 2.54 2.49 2.42 2.35 2.28 2.24 2.19 2.15 2.11 2.06 2.01
17 4.45 3.59 3.20 2.96 2.81 2.70 2.61 2.55 2.49 2.45 2.38 2.31 2.23 2.19 2.15 2.10 2.06 2.01 1.96
18 4.41 3.55 3.16 2.93 2.77 2.66 2.58 2.51 2.46 2.41 2.34 2.27 2.19 2.15 2.11 2.06 2.02 1.97 1.92
19 4.38 3.52 3.13 2.90 2.74 2.63 2.54 2.48 2.42 2.38 2.31 2.23 2.16 2.11 2.07 2.03 1.98 1.93 1.88
20 4.35 3.49 3.10 2.87 2.17 2.60 2.51 2.45 2.39 2.35 2.28 2.20 2.12 2.08 2.04 1.99 1.95 1.90 1.84
21 4.32 3.47 3.07 2.84 2.68 2.57 2.49 2.42 2.37 2.32 2.25 2.18 2.10 2.05 2.01 1.96 1.92 1.87 1.81
22 4.30 3.44 3.05 2.82 2.66 2.55 2.46 2.40 2.34 2.30 2.23 2.15 2.07 2.03 1.98 1.94 1.89 1.84 1.78
23 4.28 3.42 3.03 2.80 2.64 2.53 2.44 2.37 2.32 2.27 2.20 2.13 2.05 2.01 1.96 1.91 1.86 1.81 1.76
24 4.26 3.40 3.01 2.78 2.62 2.51 2.42 2.36 2.30 2.25 2.18 2.11 2.03 1.98 1.94 1.98 1.84 1.79 1.73
25 4.24 3.39 2.99 2.76 2.60 2.94 2.40 2.34 2.28 2.24 2.16 2.29 2.01 1.96 1.92 1.87 1.82 1.77 1.71
30 4.17 3.32 2.92 2.69 2.53 2.42 2.33 2.27 2.21 2.16 2.09 2.01 1.93 1.89 1.84 1.79 1.74 1.64 1.62
40 4.08 3.23 2.84 2.61 2.45 2.34 2.25 2.18 2.12 2.08 2.00 1.92 1.84 1.79 1.74 1.69 1.64 1.58 1.51
60 4.00 3.15 2.76 2.53 2.37 2.25 2.17 2.10 2.04 1.99 1.92 1.84 1.75 1.70 1.65 1.59 1.53 1.47 1.39
120 3.92 3.07 2.68 2.45 2.29 2.18 2.09 2.02 1.96 1.91 1.83 1.75 1.66 1.61 1.55 1.50 1.43 1.35 1.25
∞ 3.84 3.00 2.60 2.37 2.21 2.10 2.01 1.94 1.88 1.83 1.75 1.67 1.57 1.52 1.46 1.39 1.32 1.22 1.00
(iv) A TEXTBOOK OF ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS
Table 4 : CHI-SQUARE
Significant Values χ2 (α) of Chi-Square Distribution Right Tail Areas
for Given Probability α,
P = Pr (χ2 > χ2 (α)) = α
And v is Degrees of Freedom (d.f.)
Degree of Probability (Level of Significance)

freedom (ν)
0.99 0.95 0.50 0.10 0.05 0.02 0.01
1 .000157 .00393 .455 2.706 3.841 5.214 6.635

2 .0201 .103 1.386 4.605 5.991 7.824 9.210
3 .115 .352 2.366 6.251 7.815 9.837 11.341
4 .297 .711 3.357 7.779 9.488 11.668 13.277
5 .554 1.145 4.351 9.236 11.070 13.388 15.086
6 .872 2.635 5.348 10.645 12.592 15.033 16.812
7 1.239 2.167 6.346 12.017 14.067 16.622 18.475
8 1.646 2.733 7.344 13.362 15.507 18.168 20.090
9 2.088 3.325 8.343 14.684 16.919 19.679 21.669
10 2.558 3.940 9.340 15.987 18.307 21.161 23.209
11 3.053 4.575 10.341 17.275 19.675 22.618 24.725

12 3.571 5.226 11.340 18.549 21.026 24.054 26.217
13 4.107 5.892 12.340 19.812 22.362 25.472 27.688
14 4.660 6.571 13.339 21.064 23.685 26.873 29.141
15 4.229 7.261 14.339 22.307 24.996 28.259 30.578
16 5.812 7.962 15.338 23.542 26.296 29.633 32.000
17 6.408 8.672 15.338 24.769 27.587 30.995 33.409
18 7.015 9.390 17.338 25.989 28.869 32.346 34.805
19 7.633 10.117 18.338 27.204 30.144 33.687 36.191
20 8.260 10.851 19.337 28.412 31.410 35.020 37.566
21 8.897 11.591 20.337 29.615 32.671 36.343 38.932

22 9.542 12.338 21.337 30.813 33.924 37.659 40.289
23 10.196 13.091 22.337 32.007 35.172 38.968 41.638
24 10.856 13.848 23.337 32.196 36.415 40.270 42.980
25 11.524 14.611 24.337 34.382 37.65 41.566 44.314
26 12.198 15.379 25.336 35.363 38.885 41.856 45.642
27 12.879 16.151 26.336 36.741 40.113 41.140 46.963
28 13.565 16.928 27.336 37.916 41.337 45.419 48.278
29 14.256 17.708 28.336 39.087 42.557 46.693 49.588
30 14.933 18.493 29.336 40.256 43.773 47.962 50.892
Note. For degrees of freedom (ν) greater than 30, the quantity 2χ2 − 2ν − 1 may be used as a normal
variate with unit variance.
Maths-IV, Last 5 Papers Marks Distribution( Topic Wise ) Revision
19-20 20-21 21-22 21-22 22-23 Total Score
UNIT-1:
Odd ODD Odd Even Odd (Marks)
1 Formation of PDE 2 2 4
2 Linear Partial Differential Equation
3 Method Of grouping and multiplier
4 Lagranges method 2 10 10 2 10 34
5 Non linear PDE of first Order
6 Type A,B and C method for non linear PDE
7 Charpit Method 2+2 10 10 24
8 Cauchy's method of characteristics 2 10 12
9 C.F. of lin PDE of higher order (homo.) 2 2 2 6
10 PI of e^(ax+by)
11 PI of Sin(ax+by) or cos(ax+by)
12 PI of x^m.y^n
13 PI of Any Function 10 10
14 C.F. of lin PDE of higher or (non homo.) 5 5 5 15
15 P.I. of lin PDE of higher ord (non homo.) 5 5 5 2 17
16 Equation red to linear PDE with Con Coe 10 10 10 10 10 50
UNIT-2:
17 Classif of linear PDE of second order 2 2 2 2 2 10
18 Method of separation of variables 10 10 10 10 10 50
19 Sol of wave equation up to two dimension 10 10 10 10+2 42
20
21 Solution of Heat Equation 10 10 10 10 40
22 Laplace equation 10 10 10 10 40
23 Equations of Transmission lines 2 2 4
UNIT-3:
24 Measures of central tendency 2 2 2-Mean 6
25 Moments 10 10 20
26 Relation between momens 2 2
27 Moment generating function (MGF) 10 10 2 22
28 Skewness 5 5
29 Kurtosis 5 5
30 Curve Fitting 10 10 10 10 10 50
31 Correlation 2 10+2 14
32 Regression 10+10 2+10 2+10 44
UNIT-4:
33 Basics of probability 2 10+2 14
34 Baye’s theorem 10 10 2+10 32
35 Random variables 10 10
36 Prob mass function & PDF 2 2 2 6
37 Expectation and variance 2 2 4
38 Binomial distribution 2 2 10 2 16
39 Poission distributions 10 10 10 10 40
40 Normal distributions 10 10 10 10 40
UNIT-5:
41 T-test 2 2 2 10 10 26
42 F-test test 2 10 2 10 24
43 Chi square test 10 10 10 10 40
44 One way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) 10 10 2 10 32
45 Control Charts for variables ( X and R) 2 2
10 10 10
Control Charts for Variables ( p & np chart) 2
46 P Chart np Chart 10 np P Chart 42
47 Control Charts for Variables ( C chart)
Prepared By Saurabh Sir
IMSEC Ghaziabad

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Page |1

Student Name and Roll No-

Q Bank (Edition-10.0) 2023

Module II: Applications of Partial Differential Equations:

Module III: Statistical Techniques I:

Module IV: Statistical Techniques II:

Module V: Statistical Techniques III:

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Module I: Partial Differential Equation

4. Linear PDE of 1st Order

xvii) Solve (𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 − 𝑦𝑧)𝑝 + (𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 − 𝑧𝑥)𝑞 = 𝑧(𝑥 − 𝑦) 20-21(odd)

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6. Non-Linear PDE of 1st Order

iii) Find the complete integral of 𝑧 2 (𝑝2 𝑥 2 +𝑞2 ) = 1

8. Cauchy’s method of characteristics Part-1 Part-2

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9. PDE of 2nd Order (Homogeneous Linear PDE with Constant coefficients)

• 𝑷𝑰 𝑾𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝑹. 𝑯. 𝑺. = 𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃𝒚)/𝒄𝒐𝒔(𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃𝒚) or 𝒇(𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃𝒚)

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10. Non-Homogeneous Linear PDE with Constant coefficients

11. Equations Reducible to PDE with Constant coefficients

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Module II: Application of Partial Differential Equation

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2. Method of separation of variables Part-1 Part-2

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3. One dimensional Wave Equation (Vibrations of a stretched string)

4. Two-dimensional Wave Equation (Vibrating Membrane)

5. One dimensional Heat Flow

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6. Two-dimensional Heat Flow(

7. Transmission Line Equations

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Module III: Statistical Techniques I:

3. Skewness and Kurtosis:

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4. Moment Generating Function (MGF):

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6. Dispersion (MD, SD)

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8. Regression Analysis Part-1 Part-2

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Non linear REGRESSION

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Module IV: Statistical Techniques II:

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3. Random variables (Discrete and Continuous Random variable)

4. Probability mass function and Probability density function.

5. Expectation and variance

6. Binomial Distribution: [𝒏𝑪𝒓𝒑𝒓 𝒒𝒏−𝒓 & 𝒎𝒆𝒂𝒏 = 𝒏𝒑, 𝐯𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞 = 𝒏𝒑𝒒]

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Module-V: (Statistical Technique-III)

t-Test (difference of means of two small samples)

4. F-test (variance ratio test)

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5. Chi-square test (Goodness of fit)

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