Literary Devices

Throughout this poem, the poet makes use of several literary devices. These include but are not limited
to:

 Enjambment: occurs when a poet cuts off a line before its natural stopping point. For example,
the transition between lines three and four and lines fifteen and sixteen.

 Imagery: the use of particularly effective descriptions that should inspire the reader to imagine a
scene, feeling, etc. in great detail. For example, “O’er floods by solid ice confined, / Through
forest bare with northern wind.”

 Internal Rhyme: using the same end sound in the middle of lines. For example, “hollow” and
“below” in lines seventeen and eighteen.

 Alliteration: the repetition of the same consonant sound at the beginning of multiple lines. For
example, “Where,” “wild,” and “waste” in line eight.

Detailed Analysis

Lines 1-8

Ask me no more, my truth to prove,

What I would suffer for my love.

With thee I would in exile go

To regions of eternal snow,

O’er floods by solid ice confined,

Through forest bare with northern wind:

While all around my eyes I cast,

Where all is wild and all is waste.

In the first lines of ‘Winter Song,’ the speaker begins by telling her lover that she no longer wants to be
asked about the lengths she’d go to in order to prove her commitment. She’s entirely dedicated to her
lover and would “suffer” greatly in the name of love.

She tells her lover in the first lines that she would “in exile go / To regions of eternal snow” to stay with
this person. She’s willing to live in misery as long as it means the two can be together.

She’d willingly go with him to regions free of sun and joy where she’d be confined by “solid ice” or
“Through forest bare with northern wind.” The first eight lines conclude with the speaker imagining
being in such a world and looking around or “cast[ing]” her eyes around and seeing no vestige of
civilization. All around her would be “wild” and “waste,” and she’d be happy.
Lines 9-16

If there the tim rous stag you chase,

Or rouse to fight a fiercer race,

Undaunted I thy arms would bear,

And give thy hand the hunter’s spear.

When the low sun withdraws his light,

And menaces an half-year’s night,

The conscious moon and stars above

Shall guide me with my wand’ring love.

In the next few lines, the speaker suggests a few different situations that her lover might find himself in.
If he needed to hunt a deer or stag or needed to fight against a powerful adversary, she’d be there.
She’d stand beside him and hand him his weapons, willingly putting herself in danger for him.

She also tells him that in the winter, the darkest and most desolate season of the year, she’d stay with
him after the sun went down, even though she knows it’s soon to be dark for months. She wouldn’t run
from impending darkness; she tells him (metaphorical or physical).

She knows that if she stands beside him in the dark that the moon and stars are on their side and that
they will guide the two of them on their journey through life. By saying that they are on her side, the
poet is demonstrating an example of personification. She suggests that the moon and stars have feelings
and can protect two lovers amid a “half-years’s night.”

Lines 17-24

Beneath the mountain’s hollow brow,

Or in its rocky cells below,

Thy rural feast I would provide.

Nor envy palaces their pride.

The softest moss should dress thy bed,

With savage spoils about thee spread:

While faithful love the watch should keep,

To banish danger from thy sleep.

In the final eight lines of the poem, the speaker tells her love that no matter where they live or end up
(even if it’s in a cave or on the edge of a mountain cliff), she’d be there and cook him “rural” feasts that
he can enjoy. Unlike some people, she’d enjoy her life (even if it was tough). She wouldn’t complain
about their meager possessions, the cold, the heat, or general suffering.
The speaker tells her lover that she’d be happy to live with him this way and wouldn’t “envy palaces” or
those who live within them. She’d make them a perfectly suitable home outside with moss and “savage
spoils,” or beautiful treasures she’s found in the natural world.

While he slept, she’d watch over him with love and make sure to “banish danger” from his sleep.