Kinetics - deals with the motion of bodies which relates the

action of forces on bodies to their resulting motion.

THE MASS of an object is a measure of the inertia of the object. Inertia is the
tendency of a body at rest to remain at rest, and of a body in motion to continue
moving with unchanged velocity. For several centuries, physicists have found it
useful to think of mass as a representation of the amount of or quantity-of-
matter.

FORCE, in general, is the agency of change. In mechanics it is that which changes

the velocity of an object. Force is a vector quantity, having magnitude and
direction. An external force is one whose source lies outside of the system being
considered.

THE NET EXTERNAL FORCE, acting on an object causes the object to accelerate in
the direction of that force. The acceleration is proportional to the force and
inversely proportional to the mass of the object.

THE NEWTON is the SI unit of force. One newton (1N) is that resultant force which
will give a I kg mass an acceleration of 1m/s2. The pound is 4.45 N.

NEWTON'S FIRST LAW: An object at rest will remain at rest; an object in motion
will continue in motion with constant velocity, except insofar as it is acted upon
by an external force. Force is the changer of motion.
NEWTON'S SECOND LAW: As stated by Newton, the Second Law was framed in
terms of the concept of momentum. If the resultant (or net), force F acting on an
object of mass m is not zero, the object accelerates in the direction of the force.
The acceleration is proportional to the force and inversely proportional to the
mass of the object. With F in newtons, m in kilograms, and a in m/s2, this can be
written as
Problem 1: Find the weight?

A. 3Kg= ___________N
W= mg
=3Kg(9.81m/s2)
= 26. 43N

B. 200 g= ___________N
W= mg
=0.2Kg(9.81m/s2)
= 1.96N

Problem 2: A 20Kg object that can move freely is subjected to a resultant force
of 45N in the x-direction. Find the acceleration of the object.

𝑭 = 𝒎𝒂
𝑭
𝒂=
𝒎
𝟒𝟓𝑵 𝑵
𝒂= = 𝟐. 𝟐𝟓 𝒐𝒓 𝟐. 𝟐𝟓𝒎/𝒔𝟐
𝟐𝟎𝒌𝒈 𝑲𝒈

Problem 3: The object weighs 50N and is supported by a cord find the tension of
the cord.

∑ 𝒇𝒚 = 𝟎
𝑭𝒕 − 𝑭 𝒘 = 𝟎
𝑭𝒕 − 𝟓𝟎 = 𝟎
𝑭𝒕 = 𝟓𝟎𝑵
Problem 4: A 5Kg is to be given an upward acceleration 0.3m/s2 by a rope pulling
straight upward on it. What must be the tension in the rope.

𝐹 = 𝑚𝑎
𝐹𝑇 − 𝐹𝑤 = 𝑚𝑎
𝐹𝑇 − 49.05 = 5(0.3)
𝐹𝑇 − 49.05 = 1.5
𝐹𝑇 = 1.5 + 49.05
𝐹𝑇 = 50.55𝑁
 Friction

Frictional force - a force acting on the body whenever it moves while in contact
with another body. This force always opposes the direction of the motion. The
frictional force is proportional to the normal force and is directed parallel to the
surface.