Noakhali Science and Technology University

Department of ACCE
Course Title: Physics.
Course code:1104.

Name of the assignment:

1. Magnetism, Magnetic and Magnetic Materials.
2. Hall effect.
3. Lorentz Force and Torque Generation in DC Motors.
4. Dielectric Materials.
5. Coulomb’s Law ,Gauss Law.
6. Faraday’s Law and Lenz’s Law.

Submitted by : Submitted to:

Name:Arnab Prashad nath. Subrata Bhowmik.
Roll:ASH2204029M. Year-1. Term-1. (Assistant Professor )
Department of Applied Chemistry &
Chemical Engineering.
Department of EEE.
 Ceramic Chemistry including
Clay Chemistry
Ceramic:
A ceramic is an inorganic, nonmetallic solid, generally
based on an oxide, nitride, boride, or carbide, that is
fired at a high temperature. Ceramics may be glazed
prior to firing to produce a coating that reduces porosity
and has a smooth, often colored surface.

Types of Ceramics:
There are four main types of Ceramics :

Whitewares : These include cookware, pottery, and

wall tiles.
Structural ceramics : These include bricks, pipes,
roofing tiles, and floor tiles .
Technical ceramics : These are engineered to have
specific properties. Many are meant to be hard and
durable.
Refractories : These are used in high-temperature
applications such as furnaces and kilns.
Ceramic Chemistry:
Ceramic chemistry have to understand the relationship
between the physical properties of fired ceramics
and ceramic glazes in their chemistry. In ceramic chemistry,
fired glazes are
viewed SiO2, Al2O3, B2O3, Na2O, K2O, CaO, Li2O, MgO, ZnO, Mn
O, Fe2O3, CaO. Each oxide is known to contribute specific
properties to the fired glass. Thermal expansion,hardness,
index of refraction, color and melting , temperature or range
are the physical properties of fired ceramic .

Clay:

Clay is a type of fine-grained natural soil material

containing clay minerals (hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates,
example - kaolinite, Al2Si2O5(OH)4).
K2O.Al2O3.6SiO2 + CO2 + 2H2O Al 2O3. 2SiO2 .2H2O +
K2CO3 + 4SiO2
Al2O3. 2SiO2 .2H2O Kaolinite
(MgCa)O.Al2O3. 5SiO2 .nH2O Montmorillonite
K2O.MgO.Al2O3.SiO2 .H2O Illite
Clay minerals:

Clay minerals are a group of minerals that are

typically found in soils, sediments, and rocks. They
are characterized by their small particle size,
which is typically less than 2 micrometers, and
their high surface area. Some of the most
common clay minerals include kaolinite,
smectite,illite,and chlorite.

Clay Chemistry:

Clay chemistry is an applied subdiscipline of chemistry which

studies the chemical structures, properties and reactions of
or involving clays and clay minerals. It is a multidisciplinary
field, involving concepts and knowledge from inorganic and
structural chemistry, physical chemistry, materials chemistry,
analytical chemistry, organic chemistry, mineralogy, geology
and others.The unique properties of clay minerals including:
nanometric scale layered construction, presence of fixed and
interchangeable charges, possibility of adsorbing and hosting
(intercalating) molecules, ability of forming stable colloidal
dispersions, possibility of tailored surface and interlayer
chemical modification and others, make the study of clay
chemistry a very important and extremely varied field of
research.

END