POLAR BIOME

ADAPTATION
MEMBERS:
Bernabe, Kervin Ryan
Bierneza, Angel
Derramas, John Michael Andrew
Jintula, Liana MargareT
 OBJECTIVES
1 2 3
Understand what is
Explain what is Polar Describe and explain
polar biome
Biome. what are the animals
adaptation and
living and how they
how animals adapt
adapt in cold weather.
the cold weather.
 POLAR
CLIMATE
Near the Earth's poles, these
regions are very cold and
experience long, harsh winters
with little daylight. They have
low precipitation and are
covered in ice and snow.
 POLAR BIOME
A polar biome, also known as a polar
region or polar ecosystem, refers to the
areas around the Earth's North and
South Poles. These regions are
characterized by their extreme cold
temperatures, icy landscapes, and
unique adaptations of flora and fauna to
survive in such harsh conditions. The two
main polar biomes are the Arctic biome
around the North Pole and the Antarctic
biome around the South Pole.
CHARACTERISTICS:
Long winters
Ice caps
Low levels of biodiversity
Little precipitation
Glaciers
Ice sheets
 what are the
different polar
animals?
 olar bear ILLER WHALE
P K

RCTIC WOLF
A
Polar Bear
 POLAR BEAR Ursus maritimus

Structural Adaptation: Behavioral Adaptation: Physical Adaptation:

a. Thick Fur and Layer of Fat: Polar

a. a. Hunting Techniques: Polar bears a. a. Carnivorous Dentition: Polar bears
have large, powerful jaws equipped with
bears have a dense, insulating fur
have adapted various hunting
sharp, pointed teeth adapted for a
coat and a thick layer of fat under
techniques to catch their primary prey, carnivorous diet. Their teeth are
their skin, providing warmth in the
seals. They often wait patiently near specialized for gripping and tearing
frigid Arctic temperatures. seal breathing holes in the ice or stalk prey, particularly seals.
seals resting on the ice surface before
b. Large Paws: Their large, wide ambushing them. b.Streamlined Body: Polar bears have a
paws act like snowshoes, helping streamlined body shape with elongated
them distribute their weight and b. Swimming Ability: Polar bears are limbs, facilitating efficient movement
through water. Their sleek design
providing traction on ice. strong swimmers and can cover long
reduces drag, allowing them to swim
distances in the water. They use their swiftly.
c. Black Skin: Beneath their white excellent swimming skills to hunt
fur, polar bears have black skin, seals, navigate between ice floes, and c. Webbed Feet: Although not
which helps absorb sunlight and travel to new hunting grounds. extensively webbed, polar bears have
retain heat. partially webbed feet that aid in
propulsion while swimming.
Arctic Wolf
 ARCTIC WOLF
Structural Adaptation:
a. White Fur: Arctic wolves have a thick,
double-layered coat of fur that provides
insulation and helps them blend into
their snowy surroundings.
b. Keen Senses: Arctic wolves have well-
developed senses of hearing, smell, and
sight, allowing them to locate prey and
detect predators in the vast, open Arctic
landscape.
c. Compact Body: They have a compact
body shape with shorter legs, ears, and
muzzle compared to their southern
relatives. This body structure minimizes
heat loss and conserves energy in the
cold environment.
Canis lupos arctos
Behavioral Adaptation:
a.Pack Behavior: Arctic wolves live in
packs, which can consist of 2 to 20
members. This social structure provides
them with better hunting capabilities
and protection against predators.
b. Territoriality: Arctic wolves are
territorial and mark their territories with
urine, feces, and scent glands. This helps
them defend their hunting grounds and
breeding sites.
c. Communication: They use various
vocalizations such as howling, barking,
and growling to communicate with pack
members over long distances. These
vocalizations help coordinate hunting
and maintain pack cohesion.
Physical Adaptation:
a. Thick Paw Pads: Their paw pads are
thick and well-insulated, providing
protection against cold surfaces and
preventing frostbite. The paw pads also
have rough textures that help them
gain traction on icy terrain.
b. Large, Strong Teeth: Arctic wolves
have powerful jaws and sharp teeth
adapted for hunting and consuming
large prey such as musk oxen and
caribou.
c. Reduced Metabolic Rate: In response to
limited food availability and harsh
conditions, Arctic wolves have a lower
metabolic rate compared to wolves in
more temperate regions..
Killer whale
 KILLER WHALE
Structural Adaptation:
a. Streamlined Body: Orcas have a sleek,
streamlined body shape that reduces drag
as they swim through the water. This shape
allows them to move swiftly and efficiently,
whether hunting prey or traveling long
distances.
b. Pectoral Flippers: Orcas have large,
powerful pectoral flippers that they use for
steering, stopping, and balancing. These
flippers are essential for precise
movements during hunting and social
interactions.
c. Dorsal Fin: Their dorsal fin, located on their
back, helps with stability and steering while
swimming. In some orcas, particularly males,
the dorsal fin can be quite large and
upright, which is a distinctive feature of the
species
Orcinus orca
Behavioral Adaptation:
a. Intelligence and Learning: Orcas are highly
intelligent animals with complex problem-
solving abilities. They learn from
observation, experience, and social
interactions within their pod.
b. Play and Social Interaction: Orcas engage
in playful behavior, such as breaching
(leaping out of the water), spyhopping
(poking their heads above the surface), and
flipper slapping. These activities serve social
bonding purposes, enhance cognitive skills,
and provide enrichment in their lives
c. Communication: Orcas are highly vocal
and use a variety of sounds to
communicate with each other. These sounds
include clicks, whistles, and pulsed calls. They
also use echolocation for navigation and
locating prey.
Physical Adaptation:
a. Teeth and Jaw Structure: Orcas have strong,
conical teeth well-suited for grasping and
tearing prey. They have interlocking teeth that
can withstand the forces involved in capturing
and consuming a variety of prey items,
including fish, marine mammals, and seabirds
b. Blubber: Beneath their skin, killer whales
have a thick layer of blubber, which serves
multiple purposes. Blubber acts as insulation,
providing warmth in cold waters and helping to
regulate body temperature
c. Tail Fluke: Orcas have a robust tail fluke,
which is horizontally oriented and deeply
notched. The tail fluke is the primary propulsive
organ, generating powerful thrust for forward
propulsion and rapid swimming.
THANK
YOU!