TOw

b) Tandem Cylinder:

Port 1 +Port

A tandem cylinder,shown in Figure,isusedinapplications

where a largean
forceisrequiredfroma small-diameter cylinder. isappliedto both
Pressure
resulting
in increasedforcebecause ofthelargerarea.Hence at thepistonr
getdoubleforceduring movement ofpistons.
pdf
8/19 100%+
The external
gear pumpoperatesefficiently,
deliveringa relatively
and generating
Itis commonly used in various constantflowrate
high pressures.
including
hydraulic industrial
applications,
systems,lubrication
systems,fueltransfer,
processes. and otherfluidhandling

Outlet

Driver
gear Drivengear

Inlet
655_W_23[1].,pdf
5/18 1009%

MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

(Autonot
onomoas)
(ISO/IEC-27001 - 2013 Certified)

Construction
of gear motor
Casing
Drivegear

Inlet
Outiet

Working :
Divengear
When pressurisedoilentersthroughthe inletportitexerts oil pressure on the gear
teeths.
As the casinginsidesurfaceand gear pairare closelyfitted,
the oil pressure acts on
02 Methods ofActuationofDC Valves: Sub

) Leveroperated:inthisvalve,theangularmovement of leveristransmitted
tomove the N
iscommonly used forJCB and material
spool.it handingequipments.

Lever

operated:lt
(W)Pushbutton ispush type and spring toelectrical
returnsimilar switch.
02 Marks

each meth

01 mark
symbol/se
Podal
1mark
(i)
Pedaloperated :lt
isfootoperatedsimilar
to brakeof 4 wheeler and used when statement
handsoftheoperator
(anytwo
need tobe kept free.
methods)

(iv)
Roller
operated
:Theroller
ispressed toactuatethespoolwiththe helpofcam.

(v)Solenoid(Electrical :lt
actuation) uses a solenoidto operatethe valvespool.The
solenoid
may be A. C.orD.C.it
can be coupledwithhydraulic/pneumatic
actuation.
05 c motor:
Gear type hydraulic
Internal
Diagram
with
labeling
03 mark

Explanati
Explanation:
gear and
gear),External
gear(ring
It consistinginternal cresentor spacerenclosed in a closedn- 03

marks
housing.
gear.
As shown in figuretheexternalgearteethare meshes withinternal
hydraulic oil enter in to the casing due to pressureforce ringgear is
As the pressurized

rotateditresultsin rotation ofexternalgear and torquewill generatedcoupled withshaft of

externalgear.
Q. Sub Answer Marking
Scheme
No.

Sub Answer Markin

No. a.N.
02 SketchofUnbalanced
Vane pump:

(Considerappropriate
sketchshowingconstruction)
OUTLET 02 mar

01 Mar

sketch
labeli

Cam Ring Vanes

Rotor

INIFT

Working:
When therotor rotates,
thecentrifugal
forcepushes thevane
thesurface ofthecam ring.
 Industrial H

2.2SYMBOL OF PUMP
The

p
1.Unidirectional
Fixed displacement Fixed
2. Bi-directional displacen isgi
Hydraulic Pump [S-12,
15] Pump
Hydraulic
Extern
Inter

Fixed
Fig.2.2 (a) Fig.
2.2 (b)
Varia
3. Unidirectional
and Bi-directional
Variable
Displacement
Hydraulic
Pump
Scre

Axia

Ben

Fig.2.2 (c)

2.3CLASSIFICATIONOF PUMPS w-125

HeatExchanger

Cooler Heater
 o We can obtainpressuresupto 500 bar withthispump.

2.3.14Characteristic
Curves forfew Hydraulic
Pumps
Characteristic curve is a graphical representationof behaviour of pump under certain
Conditions on which pump operates.
The graphs are obtained by testingthe pumps in ideal condition as well as under actual
Conditions.
Curve of Vane Type Pump atConstantSpeed:
(a)Characteristic
100
+
30

90
80 EMciency 25

70 20

604
powet 15
50

40

304

204
10
10 15 20

25
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Pressure
Pressure in% (bar)

Fig.2.19 Fig.2.20

Fig.ZZ
W-12, S-14)
2.3 CLASSIFICATION OF PUMPs
and Machinery' thatpumps can be
AS we have seen in IVhsemestersubject 'FluidMechanics
wellclassified
intotwo majorcategories:
(a)Positive
DisplacementPumps.
(b)Non-Positive
DisplacementPumps (Rotodynamic).
used in hydraulic
Pressurein major consideration in hydraulicsystem,hence majority pumps
systems are'Positive
DisplacementPumps'.
of positivedisplacement pumps isas under:
The classification
displacement
Positive
pumps

Rotarypumps Reciprocatingpunps

Gear pump Screw pump Vane pump Lobe pump

Axial Radial
pistonpump pistonpump

External Internal Gerotor

gear pump gear pump pump

Fixed Variable Stationary Rotating

displacerment displacement cylinder
cylinder

Unbalanced Balanced
vane pump vane pump

Inline
Bent axis

Variable Inclinable
plate Swash plate
 Sub Answer Marking
a.N. Scheme

PuralLaskag

01 mark
graph
Cut
Peur Prucsur 01mark

labeling
200 S000
Pure
 2.14SYMBOL OF AIR MOTOR
intum
oic2). This is the symbol similarto hydraulicpump
shown in 'Air .-
motor Bi - Directional'
(can
anticlockwise direction) see the pos
carefully
triangle ishollow.

This is the symbol of Uni-directional

air m
clockwise directiononly).
or anticlockwise

11,
16]
Thisisthe symbol of halfrotation
or oscill

p of
2.65
Fig.

2.15COMPARE LINEARAGTUATORS AND ROTAR