Chapter 2:

Computers in
Our Daily Life
BY GROUP 1

5:00PM
 Objectives:
At the end of the report, the students should be able to:
familiarize themselves with the computer number systems
discuss the role of the ASCII code in computer systems and
explain how to use it
examine how a computer’s system bus works
identify the different computer network systems and the wired
and wireless connections
distinguish between system software and application software
compare and contrast a desktop app and a mobile app in terms
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explain the impact of computers in daily life
enda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agen

Topics Covered

How Computers work

How Computers Interpret
Data
How Computers Communicate
with One Another
TOPICS How Computers Communicate
to Other Computers
How humans Communicate
with Computers
How Computers Impact
Everyday Life
How The basic parts of a computer are the

Computers central processing unit (CPU), memory, a

keyboard or other input device, and a
screen or other output device.

Work The computer can understand machine

language.

the computer does not recognize letters

as letters of the alphabet; it sees the
letters as a series of O's and 1's called the
binary language.

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How COMPUTER NUMBER SYSTEMS

Computers Human use the decimal number system

- to count, measure and compute.

Work A computer, on the other hand, can only

understand two digits-a 0 and a 1. This
type of number system is called the
binary number system, with the prefix
bi, which means 2.

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COMPUTER NUMBER SYSTEMS

There are other types of number

systems, such as the octal number
system and the hexadecimal number
system.

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How With the different types of number

Computers systems, it is important to

understand how computers interpret

Interpret the letters on the keyboard through

a series of 0's and 1's. This is

Data normally done through the NUMBER

SYSTEM CONVERSION. Depending
on the standard used, computer
systems convert characters from the
keyboard and later display them on
the monitor.

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How ASCII - American Standard Code

Computers for Information Interchange.

Is a 7-bit code used to

Interpret represent letters, numbers,

and basic special characters.

Data The uppercase character “A” is

represented in ASCII as 0100 0001
in binary, 65 in decimal, 101 in
octal or 41 in hexadecimal system.

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How
Computers COMPUTER

Interpret 01100011 01101111

Data 01101101 0111000
01110101 01110100
01100101 01110010

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How
Computers
Communicate
with One
Another

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 System Bus
A computer system, on its own, communicates through what is called a
system bus. A system bus is a pathway composed of cables and
connectors used to carry data from a computer's peripheral devices-
monitor, keyboard, mouse, etc.—to the CPU and the main memory.
 Data Bus Address Bus

A data bus can The address bus is

transfer data to and used by the CPU to
from the memory of specify a physical
a computer, or into address for
or out of the CPU. instructions, files, and
other devices within
the computer system.
 Control Bus

A control bus is used by CPUs to It also sends status

communicate with other devices
signals from the devices,
within the computer system. As
the address bus carries the identifying if it is ready or
location of the data being sent not. The typical
and the data bus carries the read/write commands are
actual data being processed, the
control bus carries the
identified through the
commands or instructions from control bus.
the CPU.
 COMPUTER NETWORK SYSTEM

is an interconnection of two or
more computers, enabling them to
share information and resources.

How Computers Networks can vary in size, usage,

and connectivity technology.
Communicate to
a

Types of Computer Network System:

Other Computers Personal Area Network (PAN)

Local Area Network (LAN)
Wide Area Network (WAN)

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 METHODS OF COMMUNICATION

2 GENERAL CATEGORIES OF CONNECTION:

Wired Communication
Wireless Communication

How Computers WIRED COMMUNICATION

Communicate to
a
Different types of cables, including
coaxial, fiber-optic, Ethernet, and
Other Computers traditional telephone lines, are
utilized to connect to a network.
Computer systems have different
connections which usually depend
on the motherboard’s form factor.

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 METHODS OF COMMUNICATION

Popular wired connections nowadays include the

following:

-USB
-Fire Wire

How Computers -Ethernet Wire

-HDMI

Communicate to
a
Older computer units have connections that
include the following:

Other Computers -VGA

-Serial
-Parallel
-PS/2
-Audio Jacks

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 METHODS OF COMMUNICATION

WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
Microwave transmission, Satellite
communication, cellular

How Computers transmission, and radio transmission

such as WiFi connectivity.

Communicate to
a
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers(IEEE), a professional technical

Other Computers association with members all across the globe,

identified standard 802.11 for Wi-Fi and 802.15
for Bluetooth in the wireless standards.
Most popular type of wireless communication:
Wi-Fi
Bluetooth

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 Humans can
communicate with
the computer
How Humans with the use of
Communicate one of the types
with Computers of computer
system.

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 COMPUTER
SYSTEM
COMPUTER SOFTWARE COMPUTER
HARDWARE

COMPUTER
PROGRAMS

COMMON TYPE OF
PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGE

OBJECT ORIENTED
PROGRAMMING
•Instruction •Data
•Code •Program
 COMPUTER
SYSTEM

COMPUTER SOFTWARE
COMPUTER
HARDWARE

COMPUTER COMMON TYPE OF

PROGRAMMING
PROGRAMS LANGUAGE
 COMPUTER PROGRAMS
COMMON TYPE OF
PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
•Data
•Instruction •Program
•Code OBJECT ORIENTED
PROGRAMMING
 APPLICATION
SYSTEM SOFTWARE
SOFTWARE
2 TYPES OF
COMPUTER Desktop system vs
Also called
operating software
SOFTWARE mobile system
(OS)
/COMPUTER
Desktop system
PROGRAM •Multiple web at the Most important
same time software running
•Mosly used web on the computer
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browser

Mobile system
It has an ability to
 Mobile system
It has an ability to
Mobile Application
control all connected
•Capacity to run directly on
hardware and installed
top of the operating system
2 TYPES OF without using webrowser software applications

COMPUTER Desktop applicationsthat

SOFTWARE have mobile counterpart: Allows person to
INTERACT with a
/COMPUTER FACEBOOK
YOUTUBE computer
PROGRAM GMAIL

Have 2 WAYS TO INTERACT

1. COMMAND LINE
OPERATING SYSTEM
2. GRAPHICAL USER
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INTERFACE (GUI) OPERATING
SYSTEM
 CONSIST OF
PROGRAMS THAT
Online Application
ARE DESIGN TO
software
PERFORM SPECIFIC
TASK
APPLICATION
SOFTWARE SPECIFIC
APPLICATION ALSO
Online productivity
CALLED SOFTWARE
tools
PACKAGES ARE
Office productivity
AVAILABLE FROM
tools
DIFFERENT
VENDORS
 CONSIST OF
PROGRAMS THAT
Online Application
ARE DESIGN TO
software
PERFORM SPECIFIC
TASK
APPLICATION
SOFTWARE SPECIFIC
APPLICATION ALSO
Online productivity
CALLED SOFTWARE
tools
PACKAGES ARE
Office productivity
AVAILABLE FROM
tools
DIFFERENT
VENDORS
SEVERAL
POPULAR
APPLICATION

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 COMPARISON BETWEEN WORD PRESS AND WIX APPLICATION

Word
press Wix
Programming language
Uses PH, HTML, and CSS Uses HTML5
used

Uses online drag and

Development process Uses Web templates and drop tools
templates processors

Wix.com and WordPress.com are two of the most

popular website creation tools available online.
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 The advent of technologies
specifically the development of
information and communications
technology has changed the lives
of people.
How Computers The following areas show how
Impact Everyday computers have made such an
impact.
Life Education
Banking
Workforce Industry
Electronic Commerce
Hospitals

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 Today, most elementary and secondary schools (public
EDUCATION and private) and higher education institutions (HEIs)
have computers in their classrooms. ICT in general has
made things convenient and efficient for teachers,
students, researchers, and school administrators.

Teachers use computers to enhance their teaching

materials and stay updated with the latest
research findings and trends through online
forums and conferences.

Students use computers with internet access

as a reference tool, enabling them to
communicate and collaborate with peers even
from home.

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EDUCATION
School administrators use computers for
administrative tasks, ensuring efficient school
operations. A server provides easy and constant
access to all school documents.

E-learning: The newest teaching methodology where

students and teachers can communicate and
collaborate online for discussions, activities, and
exams. Examples include Blackboard, Edmodo, Moodle,
etc.

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BANKING
The computer has made all banking transactions
around the world easier and more secure. It
manipulates the entire banking system as it
includes 24-hour electronic banking services.

SERVICES:
Automated teller machine (ATM)
Cheque deposit
Electronic fund transfer
Direct deposit
Pay by phone system
Personal computer banking/internet banking

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WORKFORCE Computers are used to expedite production planning
INDUSTRY and control systems, to support chain management,
and to facilitate product design in the industrial
sector.

CNC MACHINES OR COMPUTER NUMERICAL CONTROL

(CNC) MACHINES
- used for precision cutting, drilling, milling, and
turning of materials such as metal, plastic, and
wood.

HOWEVER, the use of ICT can be perceived

as a threat to assembly-line and factory
workers as robots or machines take over
their jobs.

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ELECTRONIC
COMMERCE

Electronic commerce or
simply e-commerce helps
boost the economy. Where
with the use of computers,
internet, and shared
software as the main tools, CUSTOMERS AND CLIENTS - use computers to
communicate with sellers.
buying and selling activities
are made easier, more SUPPLIERS - use computers in keeping track of
their transactions which include the monitoring
efficient, and faster. of inventory.

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 The use of computers in hospitals offers many
HOSPITALS benefits to both doctors and patients. Hospitals are
creating patients' databases of health records,
treatment records, and medical records.

SOME OF THE HOSPITAL MACHINES:

- Ultrasound
- Echocardiography
- Complete blood count (CBC)
- Mammography
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- X-rays

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CHAPTER KEY POINTS
• The computer understands machine language, but it does
not recognize letters of the alphabets. It sees letter as a
series of O's and 1's called binary language.

• Computers understand one another through the binary number

system which represents number with 2 as its base and uses only
the digits 0 and 1 other number systems are octal number sytem
and hexadecimal number system.

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CHAPTER KEY POINTS
• Computer use different connection method (e.g., system bus,
data bus, address bus, and control bus) to do their task.

• A computer network is an interconnection of two or more

computers that gives these computers the capability to share
information and resources. Some of the computer network
systems are personal area network (PAN), local area network
(LAN), and wide are network (WAN).

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CHAPTER KEY POINTS
• Computer network connections are categorized into wired
communication and wireless communication.
• The computer software is a combination of instructions data, and
programs that the computer needs in order to do a specific task.
Through computer software, human are able to "communicate" with
computers.
• As computers permeate everyday life, they have made on impact to
education, banking, workforce industry, electronic commerce, and
hospitals, among others.

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 Thank you!
"If at first you don't succeed; call it version 1.0"