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LEOCH International Technology Limited

LEOCH Battery Pure Lead Series

Product Manual

Version: V1.0
Released Date: 2018-01-25
Document ID: LB-PL-PM-EN-V1.0-201801
Copyright © LEOCH international technology Ltd., 2017. All rights reserved.
This publication may not otherwise be reproduced, recorded, photocopied, distributed, displayed, modified,
extracted, accessed, or used without the express written permission of LEOCH International Technology
ltd.

Trademarks and Permissions

and other Leoch trademarks are trademarks LEOCH International Technology ltd.
All other trademarks or registered trademarks mentioned in this document, are the property of their
respective owners.

Notice
The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between LEOCH and
the customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be
within the purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements,
information, and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees
or representations of any kind, either express or implied.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the
preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and
recommendations in this document do not constitute a warranty of any kind, express or implied.

LEOCH International Technology Limited


Add: 5th Floor, Xinbaohui Bldg., Nanhai Blvd, Nanshan, Shenzhen, China. 518052
Phone: +86-755-86036060/26067200
Fax: +86-755-26951222 / 26067217
E-mail:service1@leoch.com
Website: www.leoch.com
LEOCH Battery Pure Lead Series
Product Manual FORWARD

FORWARD

Purpose
This manual describes the information about the structure, characters, performance,
specifications, usage and storage etc.

Intended audience
This document applies to the following users:
 Sales engineer
 Technical support engineer
 Maintenance engineer

Symbols list
The symbols that may be found in this document are defined as follows:

Symbol Indication

Danger that can cause serious injuries or even death.

Used to indicate potential danger, it may cause death or serious


injury if not avoided

Used to indicate medium or low potential danger, it may be


cause of minor or normal injuries.

Used as a warning of potential dangers, if this information is


ignored, it may result to equipment damage, data lost, decrease in
equipment’s performance and other unpredictable results.
This should not provoke any human injuries.

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ii
LEOCH Battery Pure Lead Series
Product Manual FORWARD

Valuable additional information readers should make note of.

Manual lost
If you lose the manual, please contact Leoch customer service center for the soft copy.

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iii
LEOCH Battery Pure Lead Series
Product Manual CONTENTS

CONTENTS

FORWARD ....................................................................................................................................... ii
CONTENTS..................................................................................................................................... iv
1 INTRODUCTIONS ...................................................................................................................... 6
1.1 Company introduction .................................................................................................................................. 6
1.2 Definition of pure lead battery ...................................................................................................................... 7
1.3 Warnnings .................................................................................................................................................... 7

2 OVERVIEW .................................................................................................................................... 8
2.1 Product specification .................................................................................................................................... 8
2.2 Product pictures ........................................................................................................................................... 9
2.3 Product characteristics ................................................................................................................................. 9

3 PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS ................................................................................................ 10


3.1 Product structure ........................................................................................................................................ 10
3.2 Structure ...................................................................................................................................................... 11
3.3 Principle of working .................................................................................................................................... 12
3.4 General specifications ................................................................................................................................ 13
3.5 Terminal ...................................................................................................................................................... 14

4 DISCHARGE SPECIFICATION .............................................................................................. 16


4.1 Discharge characteristics ........................................................................................................................... 16
4.2 Temperature characteristic ......................................................................................................................... 17
4.3 Final voltage ............................................................................................................................................... 17

5 CHARGE SPECIFICATION ..................................................................................................... 18


5.1 Charge characteristic ................................................................................................................................. 18
5.2 Charge voltage ........................................................................................................................................... 19
5.3 Equalization charge .................................................................................................................................... 19
5.4 Temperature compensation ........................................................................................................................ 20

6 STORAGE .................................................................................................................................... 21
6.1 Environment ............................................................................................................................................... 21
6.2 Self-discharge ............................................................................................................................................ 21
6.3 OCV Vs SOC.............................................................................................................................................. 22

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LEOCH Battery Pure Lead Series
Product Manual CONTENTS

6.4 Recharge .................................................................................................................................................... 22

7 LIFE ................................................................................................................................................ 23
7.1 Float life ...................................................................................................................................................... 23
7.2 Cycle life ..................................................................................................................................................... 24

8 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION ............................................................................................ 25


8.1 Toxic and poison......................................................................................................................................... 25
8.2 Recycle....................................................................................................................................................... 25

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v
LEOCH Battery Pure Lead Series
Product Manual 1 INTRODUCTIONS

1 INTRODUCTIONS

1.1 Company introduction


Leoch International Technology Limited ("Leoch"), an international new high- tech
enterprise listed on the Main Board of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (stock code:
842), was founded in 1999. We specialize in research and development, manufacturing,
sales and marketing of full categories of lead-acid battery. After years of growth, Leoch
became one of the leading and is the top exporter of lead-acid battery manufacturer in
the People's Republic of China (the "PRC").
Leoch has established eight regional production bases located in Guangdong, Jiangsu
and Anhui of the PRC, Malaysia, Sri Lanka and India respectively. With more than
10,000 employees in which more than 400 are technical officer, Leoch factories cover
an area of more than 1 million square meters. The 97 production lines and related
testing equipments together with three dedicated battery research and development
centers located in Guangdong, Anhui and Jiangsu constituted a strong and advance
manufacturing and research and development capabilities of the enterprise. Leoch
mainly produces reserve power batteries, SLI batteries and motive power batteries and
they include series products such as AGM VRLA batteries, VRLA-GEL battery, pure
lead batteries, UPS high rate batteries, marine batteries, railway batteries, start-stop
batteries, automotive batteries, motorcycle batteries, OPzV, OPzS, PzS, PzV and PzB
tubular plate batteries, golf cart batteries, scrubber sweeper batteries and electric
vehicle batteries etc. These products are widely used in various related areas such as
telecommunication, power system, radio and television system, railway, solar energy,
UPS, emergency lights, security, alarm, gardening tool, car, motorcycle, golf cart,
forklift truck, electric vehicle and baby carrier etc. Leoch annual production capacity
exceeds 20 million KVAh.

Our forward-looking research and development team and high production quality make
Leoch possessed of influential international competitive power. With more than 40
trading companies established in the PRC and around the world which located in
regions like the United States of America, Europe and South-East Asia, our products
sell and distribute to more than 100 countries.

Being hardworking and enterprising, through practice, Leoch keeps on developing and
blazing new trails constantly. For quality control, professional quality management
centres have been set up and successfully acquired the recognition of various
standards such as ISO9001, TS16949, ISO14001 and OHSAS18001. In the area of

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LEOCH Battery Pure Lead Series
Product Manual 1 INTRODUCTIONS

technological innovation, we have carried out technical cooperation with renowned


overseas battery manufacturers, introduced advance equipment and instruments from
domestic and overseas suppliers and obtained a number of patent technologies. Our
production capability has reached international advanced level. To enhance Leoch
independent innovation ability, we continuously perform technical exchanges and
cooperation with famous universities in the PRC and has established research bases
with them. For Leoch to become a globalized competitive leading battery manufacturer
soon, we have laid a solid foundation.

1.2 Definition of pure lead battery


Pure lead battery is developed by the pure lead technology which use pure lead plate.
The plate is extremely thin it made by the pure lead belt processed by the punching
technology.
The pure lead grid has excellent anti corrosion performance. Optimal electric chemical,
container, plate design provides very low internal resistance larger reaction surface

1.3 Warnnings
Follow the instructions before installation, operation or maintenance in order to keep
safety for both the persons or equipments.
If the following precautions are not fully understood, or if local conditions are not
covered, contact your nearest LEOCH sales/service representative for clarification, or
call the corporate office number listed on the end of this manual and ask for LEOCH
helpline.

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LEOCH Battery Pure Lead Series
Product Manual 2 OVERVIEW

2 OVERVIEW

2.1 Product specification

Figure2-1 Specifications for PLH series

① PL——Leoch pure lead battery


② H means long float service life
③ Rated capacity 190Ah(final voltage 1.80/cell),norminal voltage 12V(default)
④ Front terminal type
⑤ (A) means version number

Figure2-2 Specifications for PLX series

① PL——Leoch pure lead battery


② X means high power series
③ Norminal voltage 12V
④ Rated power 400W(15 mins rate, final voltage 1.67/cell)
⑤ Front terminal type
Some models will have suffixes (A)

Figure2-3 Specifications for PLC series

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LEOCH Battery Pure Lead Series
Product Manual 2 OVERVIEW

① PL——Leoch pure lead battery


② C means long cycle life
③ Rated capacity 190Ah(Actual C10 is a little less than 190Ah, see table 3-4)
④ Front terminal type

2.2 Product pictures

Figure2-4 Product Pictures

Front terminal battery

2.3 Product characteristics


 VRLA maintenance free.
 Pure lead plate low self discharge.
 3D plate structure,optimal plate design provides better performance for high power
output.
 Special formula and advanced welding technology make sure the excellent
discharge power rate(about 20% increasement W/15mr).
 UL94-V0 ABS+PC container more safe.
 Integrated valve design controls water loss,acid fog and improve the explosion-
proof performance.
 Oxygen recombination efficiency:≥97%.

 Working temperature -40℃~65℃.

 Long design life.


 Automatic plate making better consistency.

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LEOCH Battery Pure Lead Series
Product Manual 3 PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS

3 PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS

3.1 Product structure

Figure3-1 Product structure

①Container ②Valve ③Components ④Negative terminal

⑤Negative grid ⑥Separator ⑦Positive plate ⑧Negative plate

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LEOCH Battery Pure Lead Series
Product Manual 3 PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS

Table3-1 Components specification

Part Function

Grid Carries the active material and currentmade by lead alloy,The current
will equably spread in it.

Plate Plate is compiled by the grid and active material.It holds electric
power. The service life mostly depends on the plate design and
characteristics.

Separator The separator has a porous design and absorbs most of the
electrolyte, so the ions can move from positive to negative plates
without allowing the battery shorting circuiting.
Separators hold the active material too.
Valve Keeps water,H2O inside the battery forgas recombination and only
releases gas above a certain pressure point to prevent the battery
from bulging.
Container Contains the electrolyte,plates etc. Keep the poisonous out and
active material in so that the reaction could carry on. Also it helps
ventilation.It is made from strong plastic materials with insulating and
anti-corrosion properties.
Electrolyte Electrolyte is a dilute of sulphuric acid made by sulfuric acid and de-
ionized water.
Main functions of the electrolyte is to participate in the
electrochemical reaction by being the conductor in solution between
positive and negative ions.

3.2 Structure
 AGM separator
There are a lot of micro holes in AGM, the Oxygen pass through them and take a
part in the recombination reaction. Most of the electrolyte is absorbed in the
separator also the AGM helps to increase the pressure when the battery is being
built.
 Muti-layer sealing structure
PL series battery has unique sealing design makes sure the recombination
efficiency more than 97% and no leakage.
 Maintenance free design
The consumption of electrolyte is very small because of the advantage of their
own institutions,no need to check the proportion of acid and add water etc in using
process.
 Vent valve

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LEOCH Battery Pure Lead Series
Product Manual 3 PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS

This kind of exhaust system can release extra air and shut down again
automatically,will turn on till air pressure in the shell rise to the limiting value
again.This kind of exhaust system improved the efficiency of recombination
reaction,ensured that use the PL series which valve controlling lead-acid battery
safely.
 Punching thin grid design
Pure lead gird makes sure fast charging ablity, thin plate provides more plates and
reaction surface improve high power discharge performance.
 Cycle life
Cycle life affected by the deep of discharge.
 Floating charge life
Design life could be 15 years
 Low self-discharge

The self-discharge rate of PL battery is very low under 20℃~25℃.This self


discharge rate make storage time can be as long as 24 months.
 Working temperature

-40℃~65℃.

 Advanced automatic product line


High effiency, reliability and consistency.
 COS(cast on the strap) and through wall welding
Low internal resistance and better high power discharge performance.

3.3 Principle of working


Principle of reaction
Electrical energy is converted into chemical energy during charging and becomes
electrical energy during discharging. The chemical process is shown below.
ch arg e
Positive 
PbSO4  2H 2O  PbO  H SO  2H   2e 
disch arg e 2 2 4

1
Side reaction ch arg e
H 2O   O2  2H   2e 
2
ch arg e
Negative 
PbS 04  2H   2e   Pb  H SO
disch arg e 2 4

Side reaction 2H   2e  


ch arg e
H 2
Water is resolved into hydrogen in the negative electrode (starts to evolve when approx.
90% fully charged) and oxygen in the positive electrode (starts to evolve when approx.

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LEOCH Battery Pure Lead Series
Product Manual 3 PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS

70% fully charged) during charging. In the early years battery fail mostly because of
dry out the evolved gas can not recombinated again, so it required acid or water refill.
The latest VRLA battery overcome this disadvantage gas will be recombinated and
hydrogen generation controlled too.

Principle of oxygen recombination


Generally speaking negative plates are designed to have more active material. The
oxygen which is generated from the positive electrode will travel through the
separators to the negative electrode to oxidize the Pb sohygrogen generation is
controlled. This recombination process allows VRLA batteries to have minimal water
loss over years of operation making them essentially maintenance free. No refilling is
necessary.

The cathode plays a dual role in VRLA batteries. 1.The spongy lead of the plate reacts
with oxygen generating from the anode and is oxidized to lead oxide. 2. the lead sulfate
of the plate has to accept the electrons which are transferred through the external
circuit,react to spongy lead from lead sulfate.

3.4 General specifications

Table3-2 Specifications for PLH series


Models Voltage C10 Dimensions(mm) Weight Terminal
/V /Ah /kg
L W H TH

PLH40FT(A) 12 40 298.7 97 184 184 12.5 M6

PLH62FT(A) 12 62 298.7 97 267 267 19.5 M6

PLH90FT(A) 12 90 405.4 108 287 287 28.7 M6/M8

PLH100FT(A) 12 100 405.4 108 287 287 30.8 M6/M8

PLH110FT(A) 12 110 559 125 227 227 36.5 M6/M8

PLH150FT(A) 12 150 559 125 277 277 48.0 M6/M8

PLH170FT(A) 12 170 559 125 320 320 54.2 M6/M8

PLH190FT(A) 12 190 559 125 320 320 57.6 M6/M8

PLH210FT(A) 12 210 559 125 328 328 61.6 M6/M8

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LEOCH Battery Pure Lead Series
Product Manual 3 PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS

Table3-3 Specifications for PLX series


Models Voltage W 15 C10 Dimensions(mm) Weight Terminal
/V /W /Ah /kg
L W H TH

PLX12-260FT(A) 12 260 62 298.7 97 267 267 19.9 M6

PLX12-400FT(A) 12 400 100 405.4 108 287 287 31.5 M6/M8

PLX12-450FT(A) 12 450 110 559 125 277 277 37.7 M6/M8

PLX12-620FT(A) 12 620 150 559 125 277 277 48.5 M6/M8

PLX12-700FT(A) 12 700 190 559 125 320 320 58.0 M6/M8

PLX12-730FT 12 730 200 562 125 320 320 61.0 M8

Table3-4 Specifications for PLC series


Models Voltage C10 Dimensions(mm) Weight Terminal
/V /Ah /kg
L W H TH

PLC100FT 12 90 397 108 287 287 31.0 M8

PLC150FT 12 135 562 125 260 260 46.1 M8

PLC190FT 12 170 562 125 320 320 58.7 M8

1) Only the typical models are listed in table3-2, table 3-3 and table 3-4.
2) If M8 or M6 is listed in the terminal column output adapters are availbale.
3) End of discharge voltage for C10 is 1.80V/Cell, 1.67V/Cell for W 15.

3.5 Terminal

Figure3-2 T11 Terminal specifications

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LEOCH Battery Pure Lead Series
Product Manual 3 PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS

Figure3-3 Terminal adapter

1) PLH and PLX series with terminal adapter, PLC series without terminal adapter.
2) If M8 or M6 is listed in the terminal column output adapters are availbale.

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LEOCH Battery Pure Lead Series
Product Manual 4 DISCHARGE SPECIFICATION

4 DISCHARGE SPECIFICATION

4.1 Discharge characteristics


Capacity depends on discharge current (discharge rate). The smaller the discharge
current, the more the discharge capacity will be increased. The larger the discharge
current, the lower the discharge capacity will be decreased.

C10 means the rated capacity discharged at 25℃ with final voltage 1.80 V/Cell in 10
hours.

Figure 4-1 shows the discharge characteristics of pure lead batteries under 25℃.

Figure4-1 Discharge curves under different discharge currents

1) The final voltage is based on the discharge current and minium allowed voltage when the
discharge process stops.
2) C10 is the Nominal capacity.eg. PLH100FT(A) (Norminal capacity 100Ah) discharged
under 0.1C10 the current will be 10A.

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LEOCH Battery Pure Lead Series
Product Manual 4 DISCHARGE SPECIFICATION

4.2 Temperature characteristic


Capacity increase with the temperature. It can be affect by the discharge current
(discharge rate) and it becomes more obvious when discharged at bigger current.
Figure 4-2 shows the effects of different temperatures in relation to battery capacity.

Figure4-2 Temperature and capacity curve

4.3 Final voltage


As we can see from the discharge curve, the voltage will drop rapidly when it reaches
critical and little energy can be harvest, if we continue to discharge it will has some bad
influence on the battery.so the discharge must be stop at the critical voltage and we
call the critical voltage the final voltage.
The final voltage decrease with the increasing of the discharge current. A lot of lead
sulfate will be generated when the battery charged under small current and it will cause
damage to the battery. The volume will increase 0.57X10-3(liter/Ah) at the negative
plate and 0.43X10-3(liter/Ah) at the positive plate. These increased volume will damage
the plate and cause the active material fall off.
Check the table for more information about the final voltage.

Table4-1 Final voltage under different discharge current


Discharge rate Final voltage (V/cell)

Under 0.1C10 1.80

Under 0.25C10 or near 1.75

Under 0.55C10 or near 1.70

Above 1C10 1.60

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LEOCH Battery Pure Lead Series
Product Manual 5 CHARGE SPECIFICATION

5 CHARGE SPECIFICATION

5.1 Charge characteristic


Figure 5-1 shows the constant charge characteristic the charge voltage is increasing
with the charge time.However at the final stage the charge voltage will increase rapidly
for the oxygen is produced on the positive plate.
So we can tell the charge status by the increasement of charge voltage.
The charge voltage should increase with the decreasing of the temperature.

Figure5-1 Constant current charge characteristic curve

Figure 5-2 shows the constant voltage charge characteristic. The default setting is
2.25V/cell and the max initialize charge current is 0.1C10 . The charge current decrease
with the charge time and reach the minimum at the final stage. Charge mode is affect
by the temperature too the charge at the final stage will increase with the raise of
temperature.

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LEOCH Battery Pure Lead Series
Product Manual 5 CHARGE SPECIFICATION

Figure5-2 Constant voltage charge characteristic curve

5.2 Charge voltage


Batteries will self-discharge so the charge voltage should be properly set so they could
be fully charged.
Table 5-1 shows the three mode for constant voltage charge.
The float charge is the mode to keep the batteries fully charged.
Equalization charge is another mode to every cell in the string in the same status.
It is recommended to increase the charge voltage in order to fully charge the batteries
rapidly under cycle using.

Table5-1 Reference for charge voltage


Specification Floating charge Equalization Cycle charge
(V/Cell) charge (V/Cell) (V/Cell)
Pure Lead series 2.27 2.35 2.35~2.40

1) The max initialize charge current for PL series is 1.0C10 .

5.3 Equalization charge


Equalization charge the battery with any one of the below conditions.
 Discharged capacity is above the 20% or according to power supply’s setting.

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LEOCH Battery Pure Lead Series
Product Manual 5 CHARGE SPECIFICATION

 Storage time above 3 months or longer.


 In battery group when the float charge voltage of one unit is below 2.16V/Cell.
 New battery is installed and debugged, but not in operation model yet.
 Float charge use for more than one year.

5.4 Temperature compensation


To get a better battery usage life take the temperature compensation into consideration
(deviated from 25℃).

When temperature compensation used, it can charge in different temperature condition,


even the temperature increase, the current will not become too big at the end of charge
time, so it will avoid the heat effect caused by the high temperature.

In float charge state, temperature compensates using 25 ℃ as datum mark, the


coefficient is -3mV/cell/℃.

Decrease -5mV/cell with every one 1℃ increasement (Compensation -5mV/cell/℃)


on cycle use.

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LEOCH Battery Pure Lead Series
Product Manual 6 STORAGE

6 STORAGE

6.1 Environment
Self-discharge will increase with the increasement of the temperature during the
transportation there is also another risk for fire and explosion so keep them away form
fire heater or organic solvent.
Keep the batteries under dry cool environment when they are stored.
Please recharge the batteries as the instructions.

6.2 Self-discharge
The batteries will need to be recharged for the self-discharge.
Self-discharge will increase with the increasement of the temperature, refer the figure
6-1 for more information.

Figure6-1 Self discharge characteristic curve

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LEOCH Battery Pure Lead Series
Product Manual 6 STORAGE

6.3 OCV Vs SOC


The open-circuit voltage(OCV) of lead battery varies with the specific gravity of
electrolyte. It can be stored for a long time.
With the discharge process, the specific gravity of electrolyte changes greatly (it is
impossible to measure, only calculate the results) ,so the open circuit voltage is
measured. The approximate residual capacity can be calculated. Figure 6-2 shows the
relationship between open circuit voltage and state of charge(SOC).

Figure6-2 OCV Vs SOC carve

6.4 Recharge
Generally speaking, lead sulfate will be produced in the battery negative plate, this is
called "sulfate" after they were stored for a log time. Because of lead sulfate as an
insulator, it will influence the performance of the charge. Therefore it is recommended
that the battery is stored in dry, cool the environment.

Table6-1 Storage temperature and recharge management


Temperature Time Recharge management

<20℃ 9 months 1) Constant voltage (2.23~2.27) V/Cell, current limit


0.25C10 for (2~3) days.
20℃~30℃ 6 months 2) Constant voltage (2.30~2.40)V/Cell, current limit
0.25C10 for (10~16) hours.
30℃~40℃ 3 months 3) 0.1C10 constant current charge for 8h or 0.05C10
constant current charge for 16h.

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LEOCH Battery Pure Lead Series
Product Manual 7 LIFE

7 LIFE

7.1 Float life


The float life with optimal working enviroment is shown in Figure7-1(25℃).
The float service life is related to the floating charge voltage and working environment.
The oxygen generated during the charge will be recombined in the negative plate with
the hydrogen and become water again so the electrolyte will little loss.
The corrosion speed will increase will the increasement of the temperature and charge
current.
The estimate the battery float life can be judged by the standard high temperature
accelerated life test, refer figure 7-1 for more information.
The actual is related to the working temperature and some other conditions.

Figure7-1 Float life(25℃)

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LEOCH Battery Pure Lead Series
Product Manual 7 LIFE

7.2 Cycle life


Figure 7-2 shows the cycle life(with optimal operation condition) VS. DOD under
25℃.

The cycle service life is related to the frequency, depth of discharge, floating charge
voltage and working environment.
The corrosion speed will increase with the increasement of the temperature and
DOD.
The actual is related to the working temperature and some other conditions.

Figure7-2 Cycle life for PLC

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LEOCH Battery Pure Lead Series
Product Manual 8 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION

8 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION

8.1 Toxic and poison

Table8-1 Checklist for toxic and poison


Toxic and poison

Pb Hg Cd Cr(Ⅵ) PBB PBDE

Terminal Cu ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

Container ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

Inner material × ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

8.2 Recycle

This mark indicates that the product can not be classified with other waste. In
order to prevent potentially hazardous substances from hazardous waste disposal
hazards to the environment and human health, please refer to the classification of
waste recycling in order to promote the sustainable use of material resources.

In order to recycle the used equipment, please use the recycling system or
contact the manufacturer or seller of the product or the local authority to manage the
waste products.

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Copyright © LEOCH international technology Ltd., 2017. All rights reserved.
Without the company's written permission, no unit or individual may unlawfully copy in part or in whole the
content of this document, and shall not disseminate it in any form.

Trademark Statement

and LEOCH other trademarks are the trademarks of LEOCH international technology ltd.
All other trademarks or registered trademarks mentioned in this document, by the respective owners.

Attention
On purchasing the products, services or features, such as international commercial contracts, you accept
and are bound by the terms described in this document, in part or in whole, the product, services or
features are strictly for your own purchase or use. Unless otherwise agreed in the contract, LEOCH does
not make any express or implied representations or warranties within the content of this document.

For product version upgrades or other reasons, this document will not be updated on a regular basis.
Unless otherwise agreed, this document serves only as a guide, all the statements in this document,
information and recommendations do not constitute any express or implied warranty.

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