Fluid Mechanics II-HW#1-DL: 1402/12/11

Dr. Azadeh Jafari-Milad Ghiasi/Ahmadreza Kashefi/Ali Saeedi

Problem#1) Read the questions below, answer and provide explanation for your answers:
A) How is the hydrodynamic entry length defined for flow in a pipe? Is the entry length longer
in laminar or turbulent flow? Explain why. (10 points)
B) How does the wall shear stress 𝜏𝑤 vary along the flow direction in the fully developed region
in laminar flow and turbulent flow? (10 points)

Problem#2) The velocity profile for the fully developed laminar flow of a Newtonian fluid
between two large parallel plates is given below:
3𝑢0 𝑦 2
𝑢(𝑦) = [1 − ( ) ]
2 ℎ
where 2ℎ is the distance between the two plates, 𝑢0 is the velocity at the center plane, and 𝑦 is
the vertical coordinate from the center plane. For a plate width of 𝑏, obtain a relation for the flow
rate through the plates. (20 points)

Problem#3) The wall shear stress in a fully developed flow portion of a 12-in.-diameter pipe
carrying water is 1.85 lb/ft2. Determine the pressure gradient, , where x is in the flow direction,
if the pipe is (a) horizontal, (b) vertical with flow up, or (c) vertical with flow down. (20 points)

Problem#4) The pressure drop needed to force water through a horizontal 1-in.-diameter pipe is
0.60 psi for every 12-ft length of pipe. Determine the shear stress on the pipe wall. Determine
the shear stress at distances 0.3 and 0.5 in. away from the pipe wall. (25 points)

Problem#5) Repeat Problem 5 if the pipe is on a 20 degrees hill. Is the flow up or down the
hill? (15 points)