wdh;k ixm%yh

m;alsrSï ms<sn| I4IOdk

1. ia:Sr " jevn,k "rdcldrS bgq lrk " fldka;%d;a"wdfoaYl yd wkshï";k;=re j,g m;a lsrsus
2. fiajd ;;ajh fjkia lrk m;alsrSï
3. fjk;a hï ;k;=rlg m;a lsrSï'
4. kej; fiajhg m;a lsrSu ^fiajh w;yer msh wfhl=&
5. fiajfhka mylrk ,o wfhl= kej; fiajhg m;alsrSus
6. b,a,d wia jq fyda IY%du msh ks,Odrsfhl= kej; m;a lsrSus
7. fY%aKsm; Wiiaùï fkdjk fjk;a Wiia lsrSï'

ia:Sr wkqu; ld¾h ;=< we;s ;k;=rlg wkqu; fiajd jHjia:djg fyda n|jd mekSfï mrsmdáhg wkql=,j
mrsjdi ld,hla fyda jevne,Sfus ld,hla fyda ms<sn|j mj;akd m%ldrj udih ;=< we;s ;k;=rl ;%

wkshï m;aùï
wkshï m;aùula hkq" lsishï yosis fyda wkfmlaIs; ld¾hhla bgqlrkq jia ffoksl moku u; fiajh
i|yd n|jd mkq ,nk wfhls'
1. yqfolau wod< ld¾h i|yd m%udKj;a uq,Huh m%;smdok jd¾Isl weia;fïka;= ;=< fjkalr ;sìh
hq;=h
2. ke;fyd;a" ld¾hd i|yd jk weia;fïka;= ;=< fjkalr ;sìh hq;=h
3. wod< ld¾h,h wjika jkjd;a iumu m;aùfï ld,h wjika Ih hq;=h
4. fmIh hq;= jegqma ffoksl moku u; fyda tlÕ;djh u; fyda fmjkq ,nk oSukdjla muKs'
5. th ia:Sr m;aùula i|yd whs;shla
fkdfI' wdfoaYl moku u; m;alsrSu
wdfoaYl m;aùula hkq ks;H jYfhka mqrjd we;s ;k;=rl ta ;k;=r orkakd hï iSñ; ld,hlg ;snq
;k;f¾ rdcldrS i|yd fkdmeñKs l,ays ta ;k;=f¾ rdcldrS bgqlrjd fhdojkq ,nk wdfoaYlhls'
1. ffoksl jegqma moku u; Ih hq;=h
2. ks;H rcfha ks,Orhd fiajhg meñKs miq wdfoaYl fiajh wjika Ih hq;=h'
3. wkqu; n|jd mekSfï mrsmdáh m%ldrj iq¥iqlï ;sìh
hq;=h fldka;%d;a
;k;=rl jev ne,Su i|yd fyda rdcldrS bgq lsrSu i|yd lrkq ,nk m;aùï
;k;=rl jev ne,Su i|yd lrkq ,nk m;aùï
1'wkqu; fiajl ixLHdj we;=<;a jkakd jq
2'wkqu; fiajd jHjia:djla fyda wkqu; n|jd mekSfï mrsmdáhla
wkqj" 3'uq'fr' 71g wkqj ;k;=re wkqu; ù ;sìh hq;=h
jevne,Su i|yd m;al< yels wjia:d
1 wkqu; ld¾h uKv,h ;=< we;s ;k;=rl fiajfha isgsk wfhl= I4u;a wkque;shla we;sj"
fiajfhaneyerj isák wjia:djl tu ;k;=frys rdcldrs jmlSï oerSu yd ld¾h bgq lsrSu
msKsi
2 wenE¾;=jla mj;sk wjia;djl tu ;k;=rg ia:Srfiajlfhl= m;a lrk
fya;=jev ne,Su i|yd m;alsrSug wod< iq¥iqlï
1 wod< ;k;=rg wod< iqoqiqlï imqrd ;sîu
2 ;k;=rg iudk fyda ;k;=rg wdikak my; ;k;=rl fiajfha fhoS isàu
3 ks;H ;k;=frys ia:Sr lr ;sîu

1
jev ne,Su i|yd wkqu; fldkafoais
1 m;alsrSfï n,Orhd Iiskau m;a l< hq;=h
2 mqrAKld,Skj fyda oekg orK ;k;=rg mrsNdysrj jev ne,Su i|yd muKla m;al< hq;h
3 jev ne,Sfï fya;=j u; ia:sr lsrSfï whs;sjdislï fyda jrm%idohla mek fkdkmshs'
4 jev ne,Sug iqoqiq mqoam,fhl= fkdue;s Ig ;k;=frys rdcldrS bgqlsrSu i|yd jvd;a iqoqiq
ks,Odrsfhl= m;aùï n,Orhd Iiska l< hq;=h
5 ;k;=rg wod< ks, jdyhla iy oSukd yd jrm%ido N=la;s I| mekSu
6 m;aùï wjika jq miq ta ish,q oSukd yd jrm%ido w;ay,
hq;=h rdcldrS bgq lsrSu i|yd lrkq ,nk m;aùï
jev ne,Su i|yd m;a lsrSu i|yd iqoqiq lus fkdue;s jsg
rdcH fiajhg m;alsrSï l< yels wjia:d
1. wkqu; fiajl ixLHdfjys ;k;=rl mqrmamdvqjla we;s Ig muKla m;alsrSula l< yelsh'

2. mqrmamdvqjla we;sjk wjia:d

^1& mqrmamdvqjla we;s jkafka kj ;k;=rla we;s l< Ig fyda
^2& ;k;=r orkakdfma fiajh wjika jq Ig fyda wjika l< Ig muKs
tfy;a
1 ;k;=r orkakd" jegqma iys; fyda rys;j ksjdvq ,nd isáhoS fyda
2 fjk;a rdcldrS i|yd ;djld,slj uqod yer isáhoS fyda
3 jev ;ykulg ,laj isáhoS fyda
4 IY%du iqj myiq ,nd isáhoS
fyda mqrmamdvqjla we;s fkdfI z
3 rdcH fiajh i|yd m;a fkdl< hq;= wjia:d'
^1& ks¾fI;ksl moku u; fyda
^2& iafIIPd moku u; fyda
^3& rdcH fiajfha ;k;=re kduhla Wmfhdams lrfmk fyda fkdjk ;k;=rla rdcH fiajh
i|yd m;a fkdl< hq;=h'
n|jd mekSï mrsmdáhl we;=<;a Ih hq;= uq,sl lreKq
1. n|jd mekSfï iq¥iqlï
2. n|jd mekSfï l%uh
3. jegqma mrsudKh
4. fiajd fldkafoais
5. ld¾hlaIu;d lvbï INdm ms<sn| I4IOdk
6. Wiia lsrSfï l
%ufIoh fiajd fldkafoais
1. idudkHfldkafoais
^1& ffjoH mrSlaIKhl g fmkS isáu
^2& wdKavql%u jHjia:dfI 4 jk Wm f,aLkh yd 7 jk Wmf,aLkh wkqj osj qreï$m%;s{dj oSu
fmd¥ fldkafoais
 kS;srS;s j,g hg;a jk nj
 jekaoUq yd wk;aore IY%du fyda wruqo,g fyda w¾:idOl wruqo,g odhl Ih hq;= nj
 wem wd{d mk; hgf;a wem ;eíh hq;= ;k;=rla kï wem ;eìh hq;= nj
 osjhsfka òkEu fmfoil fiajh l< hq;= nj
 rdcH NdId m%;sm;a;shg hg;a nj
 mrsjdi ld,hlg hg;a Ih hq;= nj
iïuqL mrSlaIKhloS iïuqL mrSlaIk uKav,hg ,ndosh hq;= ,shlshI,s fudkjdo
1. fiajd jHjia:dj fyda n|jd mekSfï mrsmdáh
2. wh¥ïm;a le|ùfï oekaùu
3. iq¥iqlï iys; iïuqL mrSlaIK Wmf,aLkh
4. iïuqL mrSlaIKhg le|jkq ,en we;s ixLHdj

2
 5' jHqjym; iïuqL mrslaIKhla kï m;a lsrSfï n,Odrshd Iiska ,nd oS we;s ,l=Kq oSfï l%uh
^n|jd meksfï mrsmdáhg wkqj iïqL mrslaIKh oS ,l=Kq ,ndoSug we;sIg ,l=Kq ,ndoSfï l%uh
oekaùfuka m,l, hq;=h&

iïuqL mrslaIK uKav,fha ixhq;sh

1. wju ;=kafokhs" Wmrsu miafokhs
2. tla wfhl= mqrmamdvqj mj;sk wud;HdxYfha fyda fomd¾;fïka;=fjka neyer wfhl= Ih hq;=h
3. tla wfhl= yels iEu wjia:djlu ldka;djla Ih
hq;=h iïuqL mrSlaIK meje;aùfï I4IOdk
1. idudcslhka ish¨fokdu isáh hq;=h
2. iïmq¾K ixLHdj iEuIgu isáh hq;=h
3. ,l=Kq oeóu i|yd mekai,a NdI;d fkdl< hq;=h
4. iïuqL mrSlaIK uKav,fha idudcslhl= fkdjk fjk;a lsisfjl= fkdisgsh hq;=h
5. iïuqL mrSlaIKh wjika jq jydu ,l=Kq wkqj m%uqL;d f,aLKh ilia l< hq;=h
6. iEu msgqjlu iy;sl fldg w;aika l<
hq;=h m;aùï oskh
ks,Orhd jev Ndrm;a oskh fyda m;aùï ,smsfha oskh fyda hk foflka miqj t<fUk oskhhs ^36&
m;aùula fmr od;ï lsrSu
m;aùula fmr od;ï lsrSu hkq" i;H jYfhkau m;aùï ,smsfhys i|yka oskh fyda m;aùï NdrmekSu
oskh" hï fya;=jla ksid Bg iqùfYaI jq oskhla fj; fmkhduhs'
lsisu fya;=jla ksid m;aùï fmrod;u fkdl< hq;=h
^31& tfy;a my; |yka fya;= u; fmrod;u l<
yelsh'

^1& fcHIaG;d f,aLkh ilia lsrSfï oS is¥ Ih yels fodaIhla ksid fyda
^2& fjk;a flfkl=fma m;aùu oskhla ksid ;j;a flfkl=fma m;aùï
oskhlg is¥ Ih yels n,mEula' ksid fyda
^3& jev ne,Su u; Wiiaùula ,nd isgs wfhl= hï fya;=jla u; l,ska isgs fiajhg wdmiq
m;alrk Ig is¥ Ih yels n,mEula' ksid fyda
^4& Wiia lsrSfï INdm l,ahdu ksid m;aùï oskhka fjkia jSula ksid fyda
^5& mqrmamdvq jq oskh olajd m;aùï fmrod;ï lsrSula ksid fyda
^6& fjk;a ffk;sl fya;+ka ksid we;s Ih yelsh
m;aùulla NrmekSfï oS m;aùï ,dNshdfma jmlSu
1. m;aùfï ,smsfhys i|yka fldkafoais u; m;aùu Ndrmkakd fkdmkakd nj i|yka lsrSu
2. ;u wkkH;dj bosrsm;a lsrSu
3. meñKs m%:u oskfhaoSu wdKavql%u jHji:dfI 4 yd 7 Wmf,aLk wkqj osjqreï$m%;s{d oSu lsrSu
4. rdcldrS i|yd jd¾;d lrk nj meñKs m<uq oskfha oSu oekqï oSu
5. my; i|yka ,sms rdcldrS jd¾;d lrk oskfhaoSu Ndr oSu
^1& cd;sl yeªkqïmf;a iy;sl l< msgm;la
^2& Wmamekak iy;slh
^3& uq,sl wOHdmk iq¥iqlï ikd: lrk iy;sl" yd fjk;a jD;a;suh iy;sl tajdfha Pdhd
msgm;aium
^4& Ijdyl kï Ijdy iy;slh" ld,;%hdfma Wmamekak iy;slh yd orejka isà kï orejkafma
Wmamekak iy;sl m
^8& ia:Sr yd ;djld,sl mosxI ,smskh ^we;akï&

fmnoac,sl ,smsfcdkqjla IjD; lsrSfïoS we;=<la l< hq;= f,aLk

1 by; i|yka l< f,aLk ish,a,
2 m;aùfï ,smsfha msgm;la
3 p¾hd igyka m;%h
4 jekaoUq wk;aore IY%du jegqm i|yd jq m%ldYfha msgm;la
5 wemhla ;ekam;a lsrSu wjYH kï wem ;ekam;a i;slh
6 ^169& wdlD;sh wkqj ffjoH iy;slh

3
m;aùula iïnkaO fomd¾;fïka;=$wdh;k m%Odkshdfca jclSu
1 fiajhg jd¾;d l< njg ,smsh ,nd cekSu
2 fiajh i|yd wkqhqla; lsrsu
3 rdcldrS ,ehsia;=jla ,nd oSu
4 fiajhg jd¾;d l< miq ta nj m;aùfï n,Orhdg yd IckldIm;s fj; oekaùu
5 ceiI m;%h ucska m%ldY l< hq;= m;aùula kï ta i|yd wjYH mshjr cekSu
6 jirla we;=<; Tyqg m%udKj;a mqyqKqjla ,ndoSu
7 fiajd jHjia:djl fyda n|jd cekSfï mrsmdáhl i|yka jkafka kï ta wdldrhg mqyqKqjla ,ndoSu
8 ffjoH jd¾;dj udi ;=kla we;=<; ,ndcekSu
9 rdcH fiajhg iq¥iq ldhsl fyda udkisl;ajhla fyda fkdue;s njg ffjoH jd¾;dfI i|
ykajqjfyd;a m;aùu wjika lsrSu
10 ta ms<sn|j IcKk fomd¾;fïka;=jg msgm;la iys;j rdcH fiajd fldñIu fj; jd¾;d lsrSu'

fiajd uqla; Nghkag fokq ,nk wkqc%y ^m;aùï oSfïoS&

1 jhi wjqreoq 50 fkdblaujq hqO" c=jka yd kdIl yuqod fiajd uqla; Nghkag my; i|yka wkqc
%y oelaIh yelsh'
2 jhia iSudj - fiajd ld,h wvql< Ig jhi n|jd cekSu i|yd jq jhia iSudj f,i ie,lSu'
3 wOHdmk iq¥iqlï - m;aùu i|yd IYaj IoHd, WmdIhla wjYH wjia:djkays yer wju
wOHdmk iq¥iqlug jvd my,ska jq wOHdmk iq¥iqlu ms<scekSu
4 ld¾ñl yd jn;Sh mqyqKqj - ikakoaO fiajd jkaysoS ,nk ,o tlS w;aoelSï iy
m<mqreoao ie,ls,a,g cekSu
mrsjdi ld,hlg fyda jev ne,Sfï moku u; m;aùula ,ndoS we;s wjia:djl tlS ks,Orhdfca
fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odkshdfca fyda wdh;k m%Odkshdfca jclSu
fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odkshdfca jclSu
1 ia:Sr ;k;=rla i|yd kj m;aùula kï" jir ;=klg hg;a fldg m;a l< hq;=h
2 ia:Sr ;k;=rla i|yd" fjk;a ia:Sr ;k;=rl fiajh lrk ,o wfhl= m;a lrkafkakï jir;
jev ne,Sug hg;aj m;a l< hq;=h
3 ^1& rdcH fiajhg kqiq¥iq ;;a;ajhka we;akï tajd ksjeros lrcekSu i|yd iydh osh hq;=h
^2& tfia ksjeros lrcekSug fkdyels nj fmkS hkafka kï ,sÅ;j wjjdo lsrSu l< hq;=h'
^3& tu wjjdo ,smsh ,enqKq nj ikd: lr cekSu
4 ;j¥rg;a tlS kqiqoqiqlï fkdwvq jkafka kï fiajh wjika lsrsug mshjr cekSu'
5 ta ms<sn|j ish,qu lreKq fcdkqfI igyka lr;eîu
6 jd¾Islj fiajd jd¾;d ilia lsrSu'
7 tu j¾Isl jd¾;d mrsjdi ld,h wjikajSug udi ;=klg m%:u m;aùï n,Odrhdg bosrm;a
lssrSu' m;aùï n,Orhdfca jclSu
1 m;aùï n,Orhd ta jdrA;d ie,ls,a,g fck fiajh ia:Sr lsrSu" fiajh wjika lsrSu fyda mrsjdi
ld,h oS¾> lsrsu l< hq;=h
2 wl%ñl;djka is¥lr we;s Ig yd ta ms<sn| mrslaIK lghq;= mrsjdi ld,iSudj ;=< wjika l<
fkdyels Ig mrsjdi m;aùu wjika lsrsu fyda mrsjdi ld,h oS¾> lsrSu l< hq;=h
3 WnK;d uc yrjd cekSug wjia:djla osh hq;=hehs m;aùï n,Orhd jsYajdi lrkafka kï tla
jrlg jirla necska jir ;=kla olajd muKla mrsjdi ld,h oS¾> l< yelsh'

jev ne,Sfus moku u; w,q;a m;ajsula alr we;s wjia:djl

1 jd¾Islj iudfhdack jd¾;djla ilia lsrSu ^ 54&
2 WnK;d we;akï" ,sÅ;j okajd ksis uc fmkaùula l< hq;=h
3 ta iucu jegqma j¾Ol js,ïNkh lr jir ;=kl iSudjlg hg;aj tl jrlg tla jirl
necskajev ne,Sfï ld,h oS¾> l< hq;=h
4 wjika iudfhdack jd¾;dj ilia lsrsu
5 m%c;shla ke;s kï wdmiq ;ud isá fiajfha fyda ;k;=rg heùu ^mqrmamdv ke;skï wIfiajl
moku u; fiajh l< hq;=h&
6 wod< jq ish,qu lreKq fcdkqfù igyka l< hq;=h
7 mrsjdi ld,h fyda jev n,k ld,h oS¾> lrk ,oafoa Tyqg md,kh l< yelsj ;snq lreKla
u; kï" jegqma j¾Ol js,ïNkh l< hq;=h

4
 8 mrsjdi ld,h fyda jev n,k ld,h oS¾> lrk ,oafoa Tyqg md,kh l< fkdyels ldrKhla
kï idOdrK ld,hla osh hq;= w;r fcHIaG;djh yd jegqma j¾Olhg ydkshla fkdjk mrsos ls
%hd l< hq;=h

iq¥iqlï imqrd cekSu i|yd mrsjdi ld,h fyda jev ne,Sfï ld,h oS¾> l< miq m;aùug jk n,mEu
1 md,kh l< yelsj ;snq ;;ajhka u; jeâfhka ,enq ld,h i|yd jegqma j¾Ol I,ïNkh l<
hq;=w;r" m;aùï oskfha isg ia:Sr l< hq;=h
2 md,kh l< fkdyels ;;a;ajhka u; kï" jegqma j¾Ol iys;j kshñ; oskfha isg ia:SrL< hq;=h

ld¾hlaIu;d lv bï
ld¾hlaIu;d lv bul wjYH;dj
1 ;k;=frys ia:Sr lsrSu i|yd
2 ;k;=rlg Wiia lsrSu i|yd
3 kshñ; jegqma mshjr blaujd hdu i|yd

ld¾hlaIu;d lvbï iïnkaOfhka m;aùï n,Orhdfca jclSu

1 kshñ; ld,iSudj ;=< WI; wdldrhg lvbï INdc meje;aIh hq;= n,Orhd ljqo hkak i|yka
lr fkdue;s wjia:djl m;aùï n,Odrshd Iiska lvbï INdc meje;aùu
2 lvbï INdcfhka iu;a jq miq ta nj okajd heùu
jegqma jraOlhla ,eîu i|yd jk wjia:djl ta ms<sn|j wod< mrsmd,k n,Orhdg msgm;a heùu
3 lvbï INdch kshñ; ld,h ;=< imqrdke;sùg tosk isg ls%hd;aul jk mrsos Tyqfca
jegqmaj¾Olh I,ïNkh lsrSu yd taa ms<sn|j ks,Orhdg IIu;a mrsos oekaùu
4 ld¾hlaIu;d lvbï INdch iu;ajsSu i|yd jrlg tla jirla necska jir ;=kl ld,hla ,ndoSu
5 jir ;=kl ld,hla ;=< lvbï INdchla iu;a fkdjkafka kï jir ;=k iïmq¾K jq osk isg
m;aùï wld¾hlaIu;dj u; wjika lsrSu
6 ks,Odrhdfca m;aùu ta jk Ig ia:Sr lr we;akï iy IY%du jegqma ysñ lu iïmq¾K lr
we;akï wdld¾hlaIu;dj u; IY%du cekaIu'
7 by; i|yka m;aùu wjikalsrSu fyda wld¾hlaIu;dj u; IY%du cekaùu ks,Orhdg oekaIh hq;=h

fcHIaG;ajh ;SrKh lsrSu

1 m;aùï oskh wkqj fcHIaG;ajh ;SrKh fI
2 tlu osk jeâfofkl= m;aùï ,en we;s Ig m;aùu i|yd mj;ajk ,o ,sÅ; fyda jdIl
mrSlaIKfha oS ,ndc;a iuqII; ,l=Kq o l=i,;djh u; ;SrKh l< hq;=h
3 tl iudk ,l=Kq we;s Ig tl iudk fcHIaG;ajhla ysñfI
4 mrsjdi ld,h oS¾> lsrSu fyda jev ne,Sfï ld,h oS¾> lsrSula is¥jqjfyd;a ta yd iudk
ld,hlskafcHaIaG;dj my; fy,sh hq;=h
5 md,kh l< yelsj ;snq fya;= uy ks,Orfhl=fca ld¾hlaIu;d lvbï INdch kshñ; oskg
fmr iu;a fkdù kï" tfia m%udo jq ld,hg iudk ld,hlska fcHIaG;dj m; oeñh hq;=h
6 Ikh mrSlaIK m%;sM, u; fcHIaG;dj my< fy,kafka kï ;SrKfhys i|yka mrsos fI'
7 ;u b,a,Su u; rcfha fiajfhka mrsndysr ;k;=rlg /lsh djla i|yd jegqma rys; ksjdvq ,nd
csfhakï ta ld,hg iudkqmd;slj fcHaIaG;dj my< hkq we;
8 l,ska oerE ;k;=rg wdmiq hk wjia:djl Ikhdkql+, fya;=jlau; fkdjkafka kï miqj fiajfha
isI ld,h ie,ls,a,g c; hq;=h'
9 ;k;=rlska ;k;=rlg wka;¾c%yKh lrk Ig fcHaIaG;dj ms<sn| IIIOdk wkqj is¥Ih hq;=h'
10 fiajdjka lsysmhla fyda ;k;=re lsysmhla tldnoaO lrk Ig fcHaIaG;dj ;SrKh l< hq;f;a
tfiataldnoaO lsrSu i|yd ckq ,enq ;SrKh wkqjh'
11 wIlrK ksfhdachla u; ks,Odrfhl=fca fcHaIaG;dj ;SrK l< jsg ta wkqj l%shd l< yelsh'
12 ;k;=r yer csh ks,Orfhl= kej; fiajfha msysgqùuloS ta ms<sn| tys i|yka wdldrhg

fI' Wiia lsrSfï oS wkqcukh l<hq;= ls%hd ud¾ch

1. rdcH fiajd fldñIka iNdj fyda n,h,;a wkqlñgq fyda ks,dOrska ucska Wiia lsrSï lrkq we;
2. n|jd cekSfï mrsmdIj,g wkqj" kshñ; ld,iSudjka ;=< Wiiaùï l< hq;=h
3. ks;H jYfhkau iqoqiqlï u; l<hq;= Wiia lsrSuloS yer wenE¾;=jlla fkdue;s kï Wiia lsrSï
fkdl< hq;=h
4. ks,Odrska"i;=gq odhl fiajdld,hla yd n|jd cekSfï mrsmdIj, i|yka iq¥iqlï imqrd
cekSfukaWiiaùu Wmhd c; hq;=h

5
i;=gqodhl fiajhla hkq l=ulao
^1& kss,Odrfhl= Iiska ld¾hlaIuj yd wk,iaj rdcldrS bgqlsrSu ucska o
^2& iu;aIh hq;=j ;snq ld¾hlaIu;d lvbï iu;aùu ucskao
^3& tu ld,h ;=< Wmhdc; hq;=j ;snq ish,qu jegqma j¾Ol Wmhdfck we;a;djqo
^4& oËqjï ,eìh hq;= jrola isoqlr fkdue;s jqo ld,iSudjka o
i;=gqodhl fiajd l,dh cKkh lsrSfï fldkafoais

^1& jegqma j¾Ol wvqfldg" k;rfldg fyda I,ïNkh lr we;akï" tu ld,iSudjka

^2& m<uqjk Wmf,aLkh hgf;a jrola isoqlr we;akï jro isoqlrkq ,enq osk isg jir ;=kla o
^3& fojk Wmf,aLkfha jrola kï jro isoql< oskfha isg jirlao jYfhka jk ld,iSudjka
i;=gqodhl fiajd ld,h cKkh lsrSï w;ay< hq;=h'
^4& Wiiaùï oSu md,kh l< fkdyels fya;= u; m%udo jq wjia:djl fY%aKsfhka fY%aKhg l< hq;=
Wiiaùï fmrod;u lrñka isoql< yelsh ^31 jcka;sh&
^5& n|jd ceksfï mrsmdIhg wkqj iïqL mrslaIKh oS ,l=Kq ,ndoSug we;sIg ,l=Kq ,ndoSfï l%uh
oekaùfuka m,l, hq;=h

wIfiajl moku u; m;alsrSu$Wiia lsrSu

wIfiajl moku u; m;alsrSu fyda Wiia lsrSu hkq lsishï ;k;=rl fyda fiajhl wkqu; fiajl
ixLHdj ie,ls,a,g fkdcksñka" tu ;k;=re cKhg fyda fiajhg ks,Odrsfhl= m;alsrSu fyda Wiia
lsrSu fI'

1 wOsfiajl moku u; m;a l< Ig fyda Wiia l< Ig ks< kduh ,enqK;a ;k;=rla fkd,efí
2. m;aùug wod< jegqm yd oSukd ,ndc; yelsh
3. ;k;=re cKh ;=< fyda fiajh ;=< wenE¾;=jla we;s jqjo wka;¾ c%yKh l< yelsjkafka
ta i|yd hï INdchla iu;a Ih hq;= kï tu INdch iu;a jqjfyd;a muKs'
4. th Tyqg fmnoac,sl fI' wka;¾ c%yKh fkdl< fyd;a Tyq IY%duhdu;a iuc tu ;k;=r
wfydaisfI'
5. tjeks m;aùula fyda Wiiaùula ksid IIu;a mros m;ajq fyda Wiia jq whfca fcHIaG;djhg
lsisu wdldrhlska ydkshla fkdIh hq;=h'

III mrspsfPaoh
rcfha ks,Odßka ia:dk udre lsÍu
ia:dk udre lsÍfï wruqKq'
 mQrmamdvQjla iïmQ¾K lsÍu'
 mßmd,k wjYH;d imqrd,Su'
 wdh;kfha ld¾hCIu;djh yd M,odhs;djh m%j¾Okh lsÍu'
 Ikhdkql+, l%shdj,shl wjYH;d bgqlsÍu'
 Ikh ksfhdachla l%shd;aul lsÍu'
 ks,Orhdg mq,q,a lafIa;%hl w;a±lSï ,ndcekSug wjia:djla i<id §u'
 ks,Odßhdfca jD;a;Sh ixj¾Okhg yd yelshdjka m%j¾Okhg wjia:djla i<id §u'
 ks,Odßhdfca fmnoac,sl şIalr;dj,g iyk i<id
§u' ia:dk udreùï isşl< yels wdldr'
 jd¾Isl ia:dk udreùu'
 fiajd wjYH;d u; flfrk udreùu'
 Ikh fya;= u; isşflfrk udreùu'
 ks,Orhkafca b,a,Su u; isşlrk wfkHdkH
udreùu' fmdoq fldkafoais
1 fldñIug n,h we;" tu n,h lñgqjlg fjk;a rcfha ks,Orfhl=g mejrsh yelsh
2 ieu rcfha ks,rfhlau ia:dk udrejg hg;a fI
3 ksis n,Odrs;ajh Iiska muKla udre l<

yelsh jd¾Isl ia:dk udre uKav,hl ixhq;sh'

6
  wud;HxYfha$fomd¾;fïka;=fI wod< ksfhdacH m%Odksfhla fyda tjeks ;k;=rla fkdue;s Ig
fcHIaG;u iyldr m%Odk'
 wod< wdh;k lghq;= Ndr fcHIaG ks,Orfhla'
 udre uKav,fha IIh m:hg wh;a ks,Orhka yd fiajdjg wod< jk rcfha ks,Orhkafca
wju jYfhka 15 fofkla j;a ksfhdackh lrk jD;a;Sh iñ;shla Iiska kï l< ksfhdað;fhla'
^ta ta fiajdjka i|yd fyda ks,Or lKavdhï i|yd fjk fjku udre uKav,h msysgq Ih hq;=h'
udre l< yels ks,Odßka lKavdhu 25 lg wvq jqjo IfYAI ;;a;aj u; udre lsÍfï n,Orfhl=
udre uKv,hla ia:dmkh l< yel'&'

udre uKav,hla Iiska lghq;= fkdl< hq;= wjia:d'

 fiajd ia:dkfha fjkila isşfkdjk udre ùï'
 Ikh fya;= fyda Ikh l%shdj,shl wjYH;djh u; isşlrk udreùu'
 fiajd wjYH;djh u; isşlrk ia:dk udre'
 iqyo ia:dk udreùï'

jd¾Isl ia:dk udre fhdackd iudf,dapk lñgqj ^wNshdpkd uKav,h&

jd¾Isl ia:dk udre fhdckd flfrys w;Dma;shg m;ajk ks,Orhkafca wNshdpkd mßCId lsÍug
fuu lñgqj m;a flf¾' wod< wud;HxYfha$fomd¾;fïka;=fI fiajfha kshq;= fcHIaG ks,Orhka
;sfofkl=fcka iukaI; jk w;r Tjqka w;=frka isIk fcHIaG;u ks,Odßhd lñgqfI iNdm;sjrhd
fI' udre lsÍfï n,Orhd Iiska fuu lñgqj m;a flf¾'
jd¾Isl ia:dk udre m%;sm;a;sh yd mImdI ieliSfï § ie,lsh hq;= lreKq'
 ks,Odßhl= fiajd ia:dkhl fiajh lr we;s ld,h'
 fiajd ia:dkj, N+fcda,sh msysDu yd ta u; ks¾udKh ù we;s myiqlï yd ş¾j,;d'
 fiajd ia:dkj, mj;akd kS;Hdkql+, w;sf¾l uQ,Huh m%;s,dN" fjk;a m%;s,dN yd jrm%ido'
 ks,Odßhl= yd Tyqfca mjqf,a WoIh w;r we;s ne|Sï fya;= fldg fck iyk ie,ish hq;=
idkqlïms; fmnoac,sl lreKq'
 ks,Odßhl= tla fiajd ia:dkhl Èc= l,la wLKav j isDfuka isşIh yels IIudpdr j<ld,Su'
 ;u ±kqu yd l=i,;d mq,q,a lafIa;%hla ;=< j¾Okh lrcekSug rcfha ks,Orhdg wjia:dj i<id §u
 nOdj,ska yd şIalr;dj,ska f;drj ld¾h bgqlr cekSfï

wjYH;djh' jd¾Isl udre uKav, lghq;= ms<sn| ld,igyk

cqks ui 15 Èkg fmr - udre ùï mImdI ilia lsÍu'

cqks ui 30 Èkg fmr - udreùï mImdI yd ia:dk udreùï whşïm;a le|ùfï

±kaùï m%isoaO lsßu'

cqks ui 31 Èkg fmr - ia:dk udre whşïm;a NdrcekSu'

wfcdaia;= 10 Èkg fmr - ia:dk udre whşïm;a udre ùï uKav,hg Ndr§u yd udre
uKav,h lghq;= wdrïN lsÍu'

wfcdaia;= 31 Èkg fmr - udre uKav,fha udre ùï fhdckd udre lsÍfï n,Orhd
fj; Ndr§u'

iema;eïn¾ 15 Èkg fmr - udreùï fhdackd udre lsÍfï n,Orhd Iiska m%isoaO lsÍu
yd wNshdpkd leoùu'
wNshdpkd uKav, ^iudf,dapk lñgqj& m;a

lsßu iema;eïn¾ 30 Èkg fmr - wNshdpkd Ndr cekSu'

Tlaf;dan¾ 15 Èkg fmr - wNshdpkd uKav,h ;SrK udre lsÍfï n,Orhdg Ndr§u'

fkdjeïn¾ 01 Èkg fmr - udre lsÍfï n,Orhd Iiska udreùï ksfhdac ksl=;a lsÍu'

B<Õ j¾Ifha ckjdß 01 - udreùï l%shd;aul ùu'

7
jd¾Isl ia:dk udreùï ksfhdac l%shd;aul lsÍu'
 ia:dk udre ksfhdachla ,o ks,Odßhl= ;u fiajd ia:dkfhka uqojd yeÍu wdh;k m
%Odkshdfca jclSula jk w;r" kshï; Èk kj fiajd ia:dkfha jev NdrcekSu ks,Orhdfca
jclSuls'
 by; mßos kshñ; Èk kj fiajd ia:dkfha rdcldßhg jd¾;d fkdlrk ks,Odßka ish OQrh yer
cshd fia i<ld lghq;= lr ,sms ksl=;a lsÍu kj fiajd ia:dkfha wdh;k m%Odkshdfca jclSuls'
fiajd wjYH;djh u; ia:dk udre lsÍu'
my; i|yka wjia:dj, § fiajd wjYH;djh u; ia:dk udre l< yel'
fiajlhl= Tyqfca j¾;udk fiajd ia:dkhg ;jşrg;a wjYH fkdùu'
fjk;a fiajd ia:dkhl rdcldß i|yd wod< ks,Odrhdg wjYH ùu'
ks,Orfhl= ;;a fiajd ia:dkfha isDu mßmd,kuh fya;= u; kqiqşiq ùu'
^fiajd wjYH;djh u; ia:dk udre l< hq;af;a tu udreùï B<Õ jd¾Isl udre lsÍï lghq;= lrk
f;la m%udo lsÍug fkdyels njg udre lsÍfï n,Orhd fmnoac,slju iEySulg m;ajk Igh'
tjeksudre lsÍul § udre lsÍug fya;= ks,Odßhdg ±kqï Èh hq;=h'&
Ikh fya;= u; flfrk ia:dk udreùï'
my; i|yka wjia:dj, § lsisş l,a§ulska f;drj wod< fya;= olajñka ks,Odßhl= udre l< yel'
 IIu;a Ikh mßCIKhl oXqjula ls%hd;aul lsÍug'
 uQ,sl Iu¾IKhlska miqj wkdjrKh ù we;s lreKq u; jev ;ykï fkdlrkafka jqjo
tu ia:dkfha ks,Odßhd isDu iqşiq fkdjk Ig'
 ks,Odßfhl= tu ia:dkfha isDu uQ,sl Iu¾YKhg ndOdjla jk
Ig' iqyo ia:dk udre ùï'
my; i|yka wjYH;d iïmQ¾K jk Ig iqyo ia:dk udreùï isşl< yel'
 ks,Orhka fofokd tlu fiajhl yd tlu fYaKshl fyda iudk ;k;=rej, fiajfha kshqla;j isDu'
 wod< wdh;k$fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odkhkafca tlÕ;djh ,eî ;sîu'
 ks,OdÍkafcka flfklaj;a lsishï Ikh fya;= u; ,o ia:dk udreùulg wod< oXqjï
ld,hlaiïmQ¾K lsÍug kshñ; jQfha kï tu ld,h iïmQ¾K lr ;sîu'
 ks,Orhka j¾:udk fiajd ia:dkfha wju jYfhka wjqreş 02 j;a fiajh lr ;sîu'

V mrspsfPaoh

rcfha ks,Orfhl= rcfha fiajfhka ;djld,slj fyda ia:Srj uqod yerSu iïnkaO IIIOdk
uqodyrskq ,eîug fhdacH wjia:d
1 m<d;a rdcH fiajhg
2 ckdIm;s f,alï ld¾hd,fha ;k;=rlg
3 md¾,sfïka;= ld¾h uKav,hg
4 iafIIPd n,fiakd fiajhg
5 mrSlaIK fldñIka iNdjl fiajhg
6 IYaj jsoHd,hl ;k;=rlg
7 ixia:d ;k;=rlg
8 rcfha jHdmD;shlg
9 rchg wh;a iudculg
10 rcfha fldgia ysñ iudculg
11 rdcH wxYfha jD;sh iñ;shlg
12 rdcH wxYfha iqNidOl iñ;shlg

uqodyerSu m%;slafIam l< yels wjia:d

1 fiajfha ia:Sr lrfkdue;s Ig
2 tosk jk Ig iu;aIh hq;= fomd¾;fïka;=uh mrSlaIK fyda lvbï INdc iu;aj fkdue;s
Ig 3 wjqreoq 57 blaujd isDk Ig
4 Ikh ls%hdud¾chla wdrïN lr we;s Ig fyda wdrïN lsrSug wdikakj we;s
Ig 5 wIlrK ls%hdjka ks,Orhdg tfrysj we;s Ig
6 IfYaI mqyqKqjla ,nd we;s Ig
7 kshñ; ld,iSudjla rcfha fiajfha isIk njg csIiqulg ne|S we;s Ig
1 wod< ;k;=rg flfkl= fidhd cekSug fkdyels jk Ig
8
 2 Kh uqo,la ,ndfck th fcjd fkdue;s Ig
3 fjk;a hï uqo,la fcùug we;s Ig
4 rcfha wem u; ,ndc;a hï iykhla fyda m%odkhla ,nñka isIk Ig
5 wemlrejl= jYfhka ne|Sula we;s Ig
6 wud;HdxYfha f,alïjrhd tlÕfkdjk
Ig m%;slafIam fkdl< hq;= wjia:d
1 mqyqKqj uqodyrskq ,nk ;k;=rlg o wod< jk Ig
2 Kh fYaIhka we;s Ig tu Kh fiajh uqodyrkq ,nk fomd¾;fïka;=j Iiska fcùug Ndrckakd
Ig
uqody< yels ld,iSudjka
1 iafIIPd n,fiakdjg YS% ,xld md¾,sfïka;=jg fyda ckdIm;s f,alï ld¾hd,hg m,d;a iNdjlg
kï fomd¾Yjh tlc jk mrsos
oSmjHdma; fiajfha fkdjk fiajlfhl= kï mq¾Kld,Skj
2 mrSlaIK fldñIka iNdjlg kï b,a,d isIkq ,nk ld,hlg
3 rcfha fiajfha mrsndysr fiajhlg kï jir 2l ld,iSudjlg
4 jD;a;Sh iñ;shlg fyda iqNidOl iñ;shlg kï jir 2lg
5 ld,h oS¾> l< yels jqjo uqod y, yels ld,h jir 5 la fkdblau Ih hq;=h
uqod yerSu ksid ks,Orhdg isoqjk n,mEu
1 mrsndysr ;k;=rlg rcfha wjYH;dj mrsos uqod yrskafka kï IY%du jegqma jHia:dfI 10 ^1&
mrsosjrm%ido ,efnk w;r wod< ld,h jegqma rys; ksjdvq fia ie,fla
2 mrsndysr fiajhg uqod yrskafka ;u b,a,Su u; kï IY%du jegqma jHjia:dfI 10 ^1& jcka;sh
mrsosjrm%ido fkd,efnk w;ru jegqma rys; ksjdvq f,io ie,lsh hq;=h
fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odkshdfca $ wdh;k m%Odkshdfca jclSu
1 uqod yerSfï ,smsfha msgm;la rdcH mrsmd,k f,alujrhdg yd IY%du jegqma wOHCIl fj; heùu
2 uqod yerSu ;u b,a,Su u; jk Ig tldnoaO jegqfmka 25% lg jeâ uqo,la IY%du jegqmg odhl
uqo,a jYfhkao" jekaoUq wk;aore wruqo,g odhl uqo,a jYfhkao" IY%du jegqma wOHCIl fj; fm
%aYkh l< hq;=h
3 uqodyrskq ,nk ks,Orhdfcka Tyq Ndrfha we;s ish,qu nvq NdKav IIu;aj NdrcekSu

uqodyerSfï ld,h wjika jk wjia:d

1 uqodyrkq ,enq ld, mrspfPaoh wjika ùu
2 uqodyrskq ,enq ;k;=rg ;joqrg;a wjYH fkdùu
3 uqodyrskq ,enq ;k;=frys fiajh lsrSug wlue;sùu
4 wod< wdh;kh jid oeóu
5 ks,Orhdg tfrys Ikh mshjrla cekSug ;SrKh lsrSu IY

%du,;a ;eke;af;l= kej; rcfha fiajhg m;a l< fkdyels wejia:d

1 ks,Odrhd fijfhka mylsrSu fjkqjg wksjd¾h IY%du ckajd we;s Ig
2 Ikhdkql+, oËqjula f,i IY%du ckajd we;s Ig
3 idudkH wld¾hlaIu;dj u; IY%du ckajd we;s Ig
4 fiajd osk ,nd fkdoS IY%du ckajkq ,enq we;s Ig
5 rcfha m%;sm;a;suh ;SrKhla mrsos ish leue;af;ka IY%du c;a we;s Ig
6 IY%du cekajSug wdikak;u mq¾j j¾I ;=kla we;=<; jrolg jrolrefjl= ù we;s Ig
7 IY%du jegqma jHdia:dfI ^12& jk jcka;sh wkqj IY%du ckajd we;s Ig
8 Ikhdkql+, lghq;=j,g Ndckh ù isIk Ig
9 wksjd¾h IY%du cekaùfï jhig t<öug fmr IY%du fck we;s wjia:djl kej; fiajhg c;a
hq;af;a iqIfYaI wji:djoS muKs
10 fiajfha fhoIh hq;af;a fldaka;%d;a moku u;h
ffjoH fya;+ka u; IY%du c;a ;eke;af;l= kej; fiajhg c; yels wjia:d
1 kej; fiajfha msysgqjk Ig ffjl,ams; IY%du cekSfï jhig fkdt<U isDu
2 wod< ;k;=f¾ fiajh lsrSug ;rï Tyq Ydrsrsl yd udkisl jYfhka fhdacH ùu
3 IY%du cekajq osk isg hg;a msrsfika tla jirlaj;a c; ù ;sîu
4 IY%du cekaùug fmr wdikakhg jir ;=k we;=<; Ikh mrSlaIKhlska jrolg jrolre
ù fkdisDu

9
fiajfha fhoùfï fldkafoais

1 IY%du jegqma wjqrd ;eìh hq;= nj

2 IY%du ckajk wjia:dfI Tyqg ysñj ;snq jegqm fyda jegqma jeäùula isoqj we;akï Bg iurEmS
jk jegqm

m;aùula wjika lsrSu

1 wdfoaYl m;aùula fyda wkshï m;aùula l,aoSulska f;drj wjika l< yelsh
2 mrsjdi ld,hlg hg;aj m;al, ks,Orfhl= mrsjdi ld,h wjika lrcekSug mshjr fkdc;a

Ig b,a,d wiaùu

b,a,d wiaùula wdh;k m%Odksfhl=g fyda fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odksfhl=g ,enqKq Ig

^1& Ikh ls%hdud¾chla wdrïN lr fkdue;s nj yd wdrïN lsrSug woyia fkdlrk nj
^2& kshñ; ld,hla fiajh lsrSug ks<Orhd neoqïlrhlg neoS fkdue;s nj
^3& ks,Odrhdfcka lsishï uqo,la rchg whùug fkdue;s nj
^4& rch Tyq fjkqfjka wemhla ke;s nj
^5& ks,Orhd Ndrfha we;s ish,qu foam, wdmiq NdroS we;s nj
^6& lsisoq wIlrKh ls%hdjla fck fkdue;s nj
^7& Tyq Iiska lsishï wemhlg w;aika lr fkdue;s nj ;yjqre lr c; hq;=h

b,a,d wiaùfï ,smsh NdrcekSfï ls%hdj,sh

1. b,a,d wiajq Ig IY%du jegqmlg fyda mdrsf;daIsl uqo,lg ysñlï ke;s njo
2. h<s;a rcfha fiajhg meñKsh fyd;a l,ska lrk ,o fiajhg ysñ ish,qu m%;s,dN wysñ jk
njo 3' b,a,d wiaùu ms<sc;fyd;a" kej; bj;a lrc; fkdyels njo
ks,Orhdg oekaIh hq;=h
4' ,smsh hjd osk y;la we;=<; ks,Orhdfcka m%;spdrhla fkdue;s kï" ,smsfha msgm;la o
fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odkshdfca jd¾;dj o m;aùï n,Orhdg oekaIh hq;=h
5' wk;=rej m;aùï n,Orhd Iiska b,a,d wiaùu ms<sc;a nj okajd tjkq we;'
6' w;S;hg n,mdk fia b,a,d wiaùï l< fkdyelsh
7' m;aùï n,Orhdfca ,smsh ,eîug fmr fiajhg jd¾;d lsrSu fkdl< fyd;a fiajh w;yer cshd fia
i,lkq we;'
;k;=r w;yerhdu

1 lsishï wjia:djloS fkdokajd fiajhg jd¾;d fkdfldg meh 24 la we;=<; oekaùula fkdlrk
,o wjia:djl ks,Odrhd fiajh w;yercshd fia ie,fla
2 wdh;k m%Odkshd Iiska ta nj ,shdmosxI ;emEf,ka ^12 wdlD;sh wkqj& okajd heIh hq;=h
3 m;aùï n,Orhd fkdjk wjia:djloS tu ,smsfha msgm;la m;aùï n,Orhdg o heIh hq;=h
4 fiajh w;yer csh ks,Orfhl=fcka fya;= IuiSï fyda fpdaokd m;%hla ksl=;a lsrSu fkdl< hq;=h
5 fiajh w;yer cshd fia i,ld ks,Orfhl= ish leue;af;ka fiajhg jd¾;d fkdlsrSug fya;=
okajd isIh fyd;a ta ms<sn|j Ikh n,Orhd Iiska i,ld ne,sh yelsh
6 Ikh n,Orhd Iiska ta ms<sn| ;SrKhla c; yelsh' ^fiajfha mssysgqùug" fkdmsysgq ùug fyda
jegqmarys;j fiajfha msysgqùug&

10
 VII mrspsfPaoh

j¾Ihl fyda udihl fyda fldgila i|yd jegqma cKka ne,Su'

,s;a udihl jegqma f,i ie,lsh hq;af;a jd¾Isl jegqfmka 1/12 fldgils' jegqma rys; ksjdvq msg
isDu ksid fyda m;aù fï È kh wkqj fiajh l< È k .Kk udifha uqˆq È k .Kkg wvq È k .Kkla
jkú g wkqmd;slj jeIqma fcIh hq;=h'

jegqma j¾Olh ^wd(ix( VII mß( 10 jc(&

rcfha ks,Odßfhl=g jegqma j¾Olhla" whs;sjdislula f,i ysñ fkdfI' ish rdcldß
lghq;= ld¾hCIuj;a wk,iaj;a bgqlsÍ fuka yd jegqma j¾Ol ld, mßIfþoh ;=< uqˆqukskau fiajh
lsÍ fuka Wmhdc; hq;=h' jegqma j¾Olhla fcùug fmr ks,Odßhd Iiska th Wmhd cekSug wjYH
lreKq imqrd we;s njg iy;slhla ksis n,Orhd Iiska w;aika l< hq;=h'

jegqma j¾Ol fcIu m%;sfCIam l< yels II'

jegqma j¾Olhla fcùu m%;sfCIam lrk Ig jegqma j¾Ol fcùu ;djld,slj w;aysgqùfuka"
wvq lsÍfuka" k;r lsÍfuka fyda I,ïNkh lsÍfuka m%;sfCIam l< yel'
^w& jegqma j¾Ol ;djld,slj w;aysgqùu
ks,Odßhl=g ta jk Ig;a ,eî ;snq miqcsh jd¾Isl jegqma j¾Olh w;aysgqIh yel' ke;fyd;a ,eîug
kshñ; jegqma j¾Olh w;aysgqIh yel' ;djld,slj w;aysgqùu hkqfjka woyia lrkafka lsishï ksYaI;
ld,hla ;=<
^udi 03 la fyda 06 la jeks& jegqma j¾Olh fkdfcjd ;nd tu ld, mßIdfþoh wjidkfha§ ^tu jegqma
j¾Olh fcùug ;SrKh l<fyd;a& jegqma j¾Olh ,eîug kshñ;j ;snq fcHIG;ajhg ydkshla fkdfI'
jegqma j¾Ol Èkfha fjkila isş fkdfI'

^wd& jegqma j¾Olh k;r lsÍu

fuhska woyia lrkafka kshñ; ld, mßIfþohla ;=, jegqma j¾Olh fkdfcjd ;nd tu ld, mßIfþoh
wjidkfha§ fcùu wkqu; l<fyd;a th k;r lr ;snq ld,hg wod, uqo, fkdfcjd jegqma j¾Olh
wkqu; l< Èk isg fcùuhs' udi 03 l ld,hlg k;r l<fyd;a tu udi ;=kg wod, ld,hg
jegqma j¾Ol fkd,efnk kuq;a udi 03 wjidkfha isg jegqma j¾Olh ysñfI' fuysÈ jegqfma mdvqjla
isşjk w;r ^k;r lr ;snq ld,hg& fcHIaG;ajhg ydkshla isş fkdfI' jegqma j¾Ol Èkh fjkia fkdfI'

^we& jegqma j¾Ol wvqlsÍu

jegqma j¾Olh wvqlsÍu hkqfjka woyia jkafka fcùug kshñ;j ;sfnk jegqma j¾Olhla fkdj ta jk
Ig;a fcjd we;s jegqma j¾Olhla wvqlsÍuhs' jegqma j¾Olh udi 03 lska wvq l<fyd;a ta jk Ig;a
fcjñka ;snqk jegqfmka tl j¾Olhla udi 03 la hkf;la wvqfldg fcjd udi 03 blau jq Ig wkqu;
lrkq ,enqjfyd;a ta udifha isg wvqld, j¾Olh tl;= lr fcùuhs' tIg o wvq l< udi ;=kg wod,
jegqma j¾Ol jdish wysñ fI' ta wkqj jegqfma mdvqjla isşjk kuq;a fcHIaG;ajhg ydkshla isş fkdfI'
jegqma j¾Ol Èkh fjkiafkdfI'

^wE& jegqma j¾Olh I,ïNkh lsÍu

fuhska woyia lrkafka ,eîug kshñ; jegqma j¾Olhla ioygu fkdfcjd kj;ajd cekSuhs'
ks,Odßfhl=fca jegqma j¾Olh 2011 ckjdß 01 isg udi 06 la I,ïNkh l<fyd;a ^Tyqfca jegqma j¾Ol
Èk ckjdß 01 f,i i,lkak& ckjdß isg cQQks olajd udij, jegqma j¾Olh ysñfkdfI' jegqma j¾Ol
Èkho ckjdß 01 isg cQ,s 01 f;la I,ïNkh fI' cQ,s 01 isg jegqma j¾Olh ysñfI' fï wkqj jegqfma
mdvqjla isşfI' fcHIaG;ajh ^udi 06 lska& ySkfI' jegqma j¾Ol Èkh fjkia fI' ^I,ïNkh l< udi
cKk wkqj miqod;ï fI'&

jegqma j¾Ol w;aysgqùu k;r lsÍu fyda wvqlsÍu udi 01 isg 12 olajd ´kEu udi cKkla i|yd l<
yel' tfy;a jegqma j¾Olhla I,ïNkh l< hq;af;a udi 06 fyda 12 ld,hlgh' fufia jegqma j¾Ol m
%;sfCIam lsÍu th n,mj;ajk tla jrl§ udi 12 l ld,hlg fkdjeä Ih hq;= w;r B<Õ jegqma
j¾Ol Èkh blaujk Èkhla fkdIh hq;=h' nrm;, oËqjula f,i;a" ld¾hCIu;d lvbï INdchla
iu;a fkdjq Ig;a" mßjdi ld,h §¾>l< Ig kshñ; ld,fhka Tíng §¾> lrk ,o ld,hg;a jegqma
j¾Olh I,ïNkh l<yel' jegqma j¾Olh k;r lsÍfï ;SrKh uila we;=,;§ l%shd;aul fkdjk Ig

11
jegqma j¾Olh wvq lsÍu

12
fhdacH fI' iqˆ oË qjï f,i jegqma j¾Olh k;r lsÍ u yd w;aysgqù u isş flf¾' ks,Odßfhl= w;ska isşjk
jrola j<lajd cekSug fm<Uùula f,i jegqma j¾Ol w;aysgqIh yel'
jegqma j¾Ol fcùu m%;slafIam l< yels wjia:d
;djld,slj w;aysgqùu
bÈßm;aj we;s f;dr;=re wkqj jegqma j¾Ol iy;slh w;aika l< fkdyels kuq;a" ;jşrg;a ksßlaIKfhka
b| ;SrKhla cekSu iqşiq jk Ig'

k;r lsÍu
I,ïNkh lsÍug ;rï nrm;, ldrKhla fkdjk wvqmdvqlï yßciaid c; yels wjia:dj, §
^wld¾hlaIu;djh jeks wjia:d&

wvq lsÍu
jegqma j¾Olh k;r l< hq;= kuq;a tu ;SrKh udihla jeks flI ld,hla ;=< l%shd;aul l< fkdyels Ig
^±kgu;a jegqma j¾Olh fcjd we;s
Ig'& I,ïNkh lsÍu
by; lS ;;ajhkag jvd nrm;< ldrKhla jk Ig'
jegqma j¾Ok m%;slafIam l< yels ld,fha iSud
 jegqma j¾Okh m%;slafIam lrk ld,h B<Õ jegqma j¾Ol Èkfhka Tíng fkdhd hq;=h'
 jegqma j¾Olhla ;djld,slj w;aysgqùu" k;r lsÍu" yd wvq lsÍu udi 01 isg udi 12
olajd ld,hlg isşq l< yel'
 jegqma j¾Olhla I,ïNkh l< yelafla udi 06 fyda 12 ld,hlg muKs' ^kuq;a fuu kshuh
j,xc= jkafka jegqma j¾Ol fcùu m%;slafIam lrk wjia:djl § muKs' Ikh oËqjï"
ld¾hCIu;d" lvbvï" wiu;aùï jeks wjia:dj,g fuu kshuh wod< fkdfI'

jegqma j¾Ok fcùu m%;slafIam l< yels ksis n,OdÍka

^rd'mß' pl%f,aL wxl 07$98&
jegqma j¾Okh ysñ ks,Orhd jegqma j¾Olh wkqu; wd{dj fkd§ug
n,h we;s n,Orhd
^w& §mjHdma; l<ukdlrK uIgfï wod< fiajh Ndr wud;HxYfha
f,alï fiajdjkag wh;a ks,Orhl= iñnkaOfhka

^wd& udKav,sl fYa%Ksfha fjk;a ks,Orfhl= wod< wud;HdxYfha

f,alï iïnkaOfhka

^we& fomd¾;fïka;=jl fiajh lrk wfkl=;a wod< fomd¾;fïka;= m

%Odkshd ish¨ u ks,Orhka iïnkaOfhka

^wE& wud;HdxYhl fiajh lrk wfkl=;a wud;HdxY

f,alï ish¨ u ks,Orhka iïnkaOfhka

jegqma j¾Ok m%Odkh lsÍfï ksis n,Orhka

^rd'mß'pl%f,aL wxl 7$98&
jegqma j¾ol ysñ ks,Orhd wkqu; lrk ksis n,Orhd

^w& wud;HdxYhl fiajh lrk ´kEu rdcH wod< wud;HdxY f,alïjrhd

fyda ks,Orfhl= iïnkaOfhka n,h mjrk ,o ks,Orhd

^wd& m<d;a iNdjl fiajh i|yd uqodyßk m<d;a iNd m%Odk f,alï fyda n,h
,o ish¨ u rdcH ks,Orhka iïnkaOfhka mjrk ,o ks,Orhd

^we& rdcH ixia:d$uKav,j,g ;djld,sl wkqhqla; wdh;k wh;a wud;HdxY

moku u; uqody< ks,Orhka f,alï fyda n,h mjrk ,o
ks,Orhd iïnkaOfhka

^wE& fomd¾;fïka;=jl fiajh lrkq ,nk fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odkhd fyda n,h

´kEu rdcH ks,Orhl= iïnkaOfhka mjrk ,o ks,Orhd

^b& fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odkhd wud;HxY f,alï

13
Wiia lsÍul § fcjk jegqm

 Wiia lsÍu l%shd;aul lrk Èkfha isg ks,Odßhl=g ;uka Wiia lrkq ,enq ;k;=f¾ jegqm fcIh
hq;=h'
 Wiiaùu ,nk wjia:dfI § ks,Orhd wjidk jYfhka ,enq jegqm kj jegqma mßudKfha

^w& jegqma mshjrj,a w;rg cefka kï" Tyq B<Õ by< jegqma mshjf¾ ;nd w;sf¾l jegqma
j¾Olhla o fcjkq ,efí'
^wd& wdrïNl jegqmg fyda jegqma mshjrlg wkqrEm fI kï" Tyq B<Õ by< jegqma mshjfrys
;nkq ,efí'
^we& wdrïNl jegqmg tla jegqma j¾Ohlska fyda Bg jeä jegqma j¾Ol cKklska wvq jk Ig
kj jegqma mßudKfha wdrïNl jegqma mshjf¾ ;nkq ,efí'
^wE& wdrïNl jegqmg jvd wvqjkafka tla jegqma j¾Ohl wchg wvq m%udKhlska kï" Tyq
kj jegqma mßudKfha wdrïNl jegqma mshjf¾ ;nd w;sf¾l jegqma j¾Olhla fcjkq
,efí'
 Tyqfca bÈß jegqma j¾Ol Èkh jkafka Wiiaùu l%shd;aul jk Èkhhs'
 ks,Odßhl=fca jegqma m%;sfYdaOkhla iy Wiia lsÍula tlu Èklg fhfok Ig tjeks ks,Odrshl=
Wiia lsÍu u; jegqma mßj¾;kh lsÍu merKs jegqma mßudK u; fyda w¨;a jegqma mßudK u;
fyda hk fuhska ks,Orhdg jvd jdisodhl l%uhg l< hq;=h' ^rd'mß'p'f,a'11$94&

jegqma mßudKhla m%;sfYdaOkh lsÍfï § fcjk jegqm

 jegqma mßudKhla m%;sfYdaOkh lr we;s Igl fiajfha kshqla; ks,Odßhl=fca jegqma" m%;sfYDaI;
jegqma mßudKhg mßj¾;kh lsÍu th l%shd;aul jk Èk isg Ih hq;= h'
 ks,Odßhl=fca jegqma mßj¾;kh lsÍfï § my; i|yka kshuhka n,meje;a fI'

^w& fmr jegqma mßudKh wkqj wjidk jYfhka ,ndc;a jegqm kj jegqma mßsudKfha jegqma
j¾Ol mshjrj,a w;f¾ cefka kï" Tyq kj jegqma mßudKfha B<Õ by< jegqma
mshjfrys
;nkq we;'
^wd& fmr jegqma mßudKh wkqj wjidk jYfhka ,ndc;a jegqm kj jegqma mßudKfha jegqma
mshjrlg wkqrEm fI kï Tyq B<Õ by< jegqma mshjfrys ;eìh hq;= h'
^we& fmr jegqma mßudKh wkqj wjidk jYfhka ,ndc;a jegqma kj jegqma mßudKfha
wdrïNl jegqmg wvq kï" Tyq kj jegqma mßudKfha wdrïNl jegqfmys ;nkq we;'
 Tyqfca bÈß jegqma j¾Ol Èkh jkqfha jegqma mßudKh m%;sfYdaOkh lsÍu ls
%hd;aul jk Èkhhs'

 m%;sfYdaOkh lrkq ,nk wjia:dfI § hï ks,Odßhl= ;u jegqma mßudKfha

WmßufhaisD kï" Tyqg /¢ isDfï jdis ,nd§ug yels ±hs i,ld ne,Sug
ks,Odßhdfca
idfmalaI fcHIaG;ajh" Wiiaùfï wjia:d hkd§ f;dr;=re iuc fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odkhdfca
ks¾foaY wdh;k wOHCIl ckrd,a fj; fhduq l< hq;= h'
jev ne,Sfï jegqma fcIh yels wjia:d
 jev ne,Su i|yd m;alsÍfï n,Orhd ksl=;a l< Iäu;a m;alsÍfï ,smshla ;sìh hq;=h'
^n,h mejÍu&

 jev ne,Sfï jegqm fcùug wud;HdxY f,alïjrhdfca wkque;sh ,nd ;sìh hq;=h'

 wLKavj udihlg fkdwvq l,la jev n,d ;sìh hq;=h'

 jev n,k ,o ;k;=r ks;H ;k;=rg jvd by< ;k;=rla Ih hq;=h' iu ;;a;ajfha
;k;=rla jk Ig ks;H ;k;=rg wu;rj jev n,d ;sìh hq;=h'

 jev n,k ;k;=r mqrmamdvqj ;sìh hq;= h' th mQ¾K ld,Sk ;k;=rla Ih hq;= w;r
<c£u mQ¾K ld,Sk ks,Odßfhl= m;a lsÍug woyia l< ;k;=rla Ih hq;= h'

14
jev ne,Sfï jegqma fcjk wdldrh
^w& ks,Odßhl= ks;H ;k;=f¾ rdcldßj,g wu;rj ;j;a ;k;=rl jevn,k Ig
Tyq jev n,k ;k;=rg wh;a jegqma mßudKfha wdrïNl jegqfmka 25% o iuc ks;H
;k;=rg wh;a iïmQ¾K mdßY%ñlh fcIh yel' fcIh yels Wmßu ld,h udi 03 lS'

^wd& ks,Odßhl= wjqreoaola fyda Bg jeä ld,hla ks;H ks,Odßhl= fkdue;s ;k;=rl
Ècg u jev jev n,k l,ayS ^jev n,k ;k;=f¾ wdrïNl jegqm Tyqfca ks;H ;k;=f¾
mdßY%ñlhg jeä kï& tu iïmQ¾K ld,h fjkqfjka jev n,k ,o ;k;=f¾ wdrïNl
jegqma fcIh yel'

rdcH ks,Odßkag fkdñ,fha şïßh n,m;% ksl=;a l< yels wjia:d

ksjdvq cuka i|yd - j¾Ihlg hdug yd Bug n,m;% lIg, 03 la' Èjhsk ;=<
´keu m%foaYhlg
 rdcldß cuka i|yd - cukdka;h olajd
 ia:dkudre cuka i|yd - cukdka;h olajd

şmam;a wh wdfrdacH Yd,djg heùu'

 frday,la fyda fjk;a ffjoH wdh;khlg fyda ;ukafca ksjig hdug Ihyshoï lrc; fkdyels
şmam;a tlS ;eklg heùug;a' wkd: frdacsfhl= fck fcdia ffjoH wdh;khlg we;=¿ fldg
wdmiq ksjig hdug Tyqfca {d;sfhl= fyda fjk;a ys;j;a whl=g;a" 3 mka;sfha şïßh n,m;%hla
ksl=;a lsÍug È is;%sla f,alïjrhl=g mqˆjk'

 rcfha frday,lska" udkisl frday,lska fyda ,dşre frday,lska jeks wdh;khlska msg lrk
frdacshl=wdmiq ksjig hdug şïßh cdia;=j fcjd c; fkdyels hhs tlS wdh;k Ndr ks,Odßhdg
ta;a;= hk Ig ta i|yd n,m;%hla ,nd§ug Tyqg n,h we;'

 Y,H l¾uhla fyda fjk;a m%;sldr lghq;a;la i|yd frdacsfhl= tla ffjoH wdh;khl isg ;j;a
ffjoH wdh;khlg heùug wjYH hhs ffjoH ks,Odßhd l,amkd lrk Ig yd frdacshdfca
;kshg Wmia:dhl= heùu wjYH hhs ;SrKh lrkIg Wmia:dhlhdg şïßh n,m;% ksl=;a l< yel'

 udkisl frdayf,a isIk frdacsfhl=fca <orejl= fjk;a wdh;khlg ndr§ug hk Wmia:dhsldjlg

şïßh n,m;% ksl=;a l< yel'
rdcH ks,Odßkag şïßh n,m;% ysñ mx;sh
^rd" mßmd,k wxl 6$2006 pl%f,aLh&
 m%d:ñl fYa%Ksh - 2 mx;sh
 oaI;Sh fY%aKsh - 1 mx;sh
 udKav,sl fYa%Ksh - 1 mx;sh

wkqc%y jdr m%fIY m;% ^wd( ix( XVII mßIfþoh&

 rdcH fiajfha iaÒr ks,Odßhl=g ;u mÈxI ksji;a" rdcldß ld¾h ia:dkh;a" w;r fiajh msKsi
cuka lsßu i|yd wkqc%y jdr m%fIY m;% ksl=;a lsßug mq¿jk'
 tla wjqreoaol i;=gqodhl fiajd ld,hla we;s ;djld,sl ks,Odßhl=go" wkshï ksjdvq ysñlï
we;s ffoksl jegqma ,nk wkshï ks,Odßhl=go" Tjqkag wod, mka;s j, cuka lsÍug wkqc%y jdr
m%fIY m;% ksl=;a l< yel'
 cukdka; fol w;r şr ie;mqï 20 lg wvqjk Ig ff;%hs udisl m%fIY m;%o ie;mqï 20
jeäjk Ig udisl m%fIY m;%o ksl=;a l< yel' ;djld,sl yd wkshï fiajlhkag ksl=;a
lrkqfha udisl m%fIY m;% muKS'

ixhqla; §ukd

 cuka l< uqˆ şr ie;mqï 07 blaujk Ig

 wLKavj meh 06 fkdwvq ld,hla neyerj isIk

Ig IfoaY cuka hkq

15
  YS% ,xldj fjkqfjka cd;Hka;r ixIOdk ksfhdackh lÍu
 rdcldß cuka
 wOHhk yd wNHdi lghq;=

wdKavqfI lghq;= bgqlsÍug" csIiqula" fldka;%d;a;=jla w;aika lsÍug" nvq ndysrdÈh ñ,§ ceksu
jeksks,Odßhl=fca ks, rdcldßhg iDcqj wh;ajk ld¾hhka j, fh§ug hk cuka rdcldÍ cuka
fI' ks,Odßhl=fca iqşiqlï" ±Kqu fyda lD;yia;;dj jeäÈhqKq lrkakd jQ ´kEu m%odkhla we;=,;a
YsIH;aj" pdßld" iïuka;%K wdÈ h “wOHhk mqyqKq fyda wNHdia hkqfjka woyia fI'

wOHhk yd wNHdi jev igyka i|yd IfoaYc; ùu

 wOHhk fyda wNHdi lghq;= i|yd msgrg hk ks,Odßhl= ta i|yd jk cuka Ihoï ;uka
Iiskau" rcfha Ihoula fyda IfoaY rdcH wdh;khla ke;fyd;a tackaishla ucska ±ßh yelsh'
 fufia IfoaY c;jk ks,Orhka csIiqulg yd ne÷ïlrhlg w;aika ;eìh hq;=h'
 Y%S ,xld rcfha Ihoñka fyda Y%S ,xld rchg YsIH;ajhl fyda m%Odkhl iajremfhka msßkefuk
wOHhk" wNHdi fyda ixpdr i|yd rch Iiska rcfha ks,Odßhl= kñ l< Ig wod< fcùï yd
§ukd tlS ks,Odßhdg ,ndcekSug ysñlï we;'

IfoaY cuka Ihoï fcùu ^uq' l%' w' 01$2010$01 pl%f,aLh&

 i,id IfoaY cuka §ukd iy ta wdYs%; Ihoï ,ndcekSug IIu;a mßÈ rdcldß ksjdvq wkqu; lr
;sìh hq;=h'
 IfoaY wdOdr u; l%shd;aul jk jHdmD;s $ jevigyka hgf;a IfoaY c; jkafkakï Bg wod< csIiqï
$ f,aLk j, ta i|yd m%;smdok ie,iS ;sìh hq;=h' wfkl=;a wjia:dj, wod< wud;HxY$
fomd¾;fïka;= m%;smdokc; hq;=h'
wOHhk fyda mqyqKqj i|yd IfoaYc; ùu
 ixhqla; §ukd iy c=jka m%fIY m;% cdia;=j,ska m%Odhl Iiska fkdork m%udK fcIh yel'
 wkshï §ukdj Èklg we't'c'fvd,¾ 30 necska Wmßu jYfhka Èk 30 lg fcIh yel'^IfoaY
rch fyda wdh;kh fkdfcjk Ig&

rdcldß lghq;= i|yd IfoaY c;ùu

 wkshï §ukdj Èklg we't'c'fvd,¾ 50 necska Wmßu Èk 15 lg fcIh yel'
^w& ixhqla; §ukd
 uqo,a yd l%u iïmdok wud;HxY pl%f,aL wxl uq'l%'w' 01$2010$01 ys ±lafjk jc=j wkqj'

^wd& fcùï lsßu

 Èjhsfkka msg;a jQ fj,dfI isg Èjhskg meñKSu olajd mQ¾K Èk cKk wkqj §ukd cKkh l<
hq;=h' meh 12 fkdwvq b;sß ld,hla fI kï tho mQ¾K Èkhla f,i ie,flhs'
 rdcldß IfoaY c; ld, iSudj Èk 15 blaujk Ig Èukd fcùug NdKavdcdr ksfhdacH f,alïfca
wkque;sh ,ndc; hq;=h'
 Ifoay c;ùug fmr kshñ; §ukd ,ndcekSug fkdyels jqjfyd;a tu §ukd IfoaY c; jq Èk
mej;sIksuh wkqmd;h wkqj miqj ,ndc; yel'
 fcùï lrk Igu th Ihoula fia csKqï c; lrhs' l,ska ,ndc;a uqof,ka ysñlï
fkd,nk m%udKhla fI kï Èjhskg wdmiq meñKs Èk mej;s Iksuh wkqmd;h wkqj jydu mshIh
hq;=h'

msysKqï weşï §ukd

 iulfhka W;=rg wxYl 350 yd ol=Kg 300 tmsg rgj,g iy by; iSudjka we;=,; msysI uqyqş
uIgfuka wä 5000 blaujk ia:dkj,g rdcldß msKsi msgrg hjk ks,Odßkag ì%;dkH rka mjqï
75 l iudk uqo,la remsh,a j,ska fcIh yel' fuu §ukdj ysñjkafka jir mylg jrls' óg
wu;rj Kh uqo,la o ,nd c; yel'

IfoaY cuka j,È jeoc;ajk wfkl=;a lreKq

 c=jka hdkfha cuka lrk ld,h §ukd cKkhg cKka fkdckS' IfoaYc; rgg fcdv neiai
fI,dfI isg wdmiq meñKsug c=jka hdkhg we;=¿jk fI,dj f;la muKla IfoaY cuka Ihoï
fcùfï§ ie,ls,a,g ckS'
 fydag,a bvlv fjkalrc; hq;= Ifgl Y%S ,xld ;dkdm;s ld¾hd, j, iydh IfoaY
lghq;= wud;HxYh ucska ,ndc; hq;=h'

16
  cuka msg;aùug fmr wod, jk mßÈ w;scre ckdIm;s;=uka fcka $ cre wc%dud;Hjrhdfcaka
wkque;sh ,ndc; hq;=h'
 IfoaY pdßldj wjidkfha§ fmr,d Èjhskg meñK ta ms<sn| jd¾;djla bÈßm;a l< hq;=h'

rcfha ksjdi yd tajd j¾c lsÍu

 rcfha ksjdi hkq rchg iqşiaila l< yelsj ;sfnkakd jQ mÈxIh i|yd fjkalr fokq ,nk
´kEu fcdvkecs,a,la fI'
 ish¨u rcfha ksjdi Wmf,aLKc; ksjdi yd fmdş fiajd ksjdi f,i j¾c flf¾' fuhska
Wmf,aLKc; ksjdi f,i ie<flkafka fomd¾;fïka;=jla we;=<; lsishï ;k;=rlg fyda fY
%aKshlg fjka lrk ,o ksjdih' wfkl=;a ksjdi fmdş fiajd ksjdi f,i ye¢kafI'
 fld<U kdcßl iSudj ;=, fmdş fiajd ksjdi bÈlsÍu rcH mßmd,k wud;HxYhfha
f,alïjrhdfca md,khg hg;a jk w;r wfkl=;a m%foaYj, wod, Èia;%sla f,alïjrhdfca md,khg
hg;a fI'
 rcfha ish¨u ksjdi tajd ,eîug iqşiqlï ,nk ks,OdÍkafca mka;s wkqj fY%aKsc; lr we;' ^5ta
5" 4" 3" 2" 1&
 Wmf,aLK c; ksjdi yssñ ks,OdÍkag" ;kslv ks,OdÍkag yd iajlSh uQ,ia:dkfha isDu
wjYH fkdjk fCIa;% ks,Odßhl=g idudkHfhka fmdş fiajd ksjdi ysñlï fkdue;s w;r tajd
wfkl=;a ks,OdÍkag ,nd§fuka miq b;sßj wef;d;a muKla fuu wh cek i<ld ne,sh hq;=h'
 ks,Odßhl=g ,eîug iqşiqlï we;s fY%aKshg by< fY%aKshl ksjdihla i<ld fkdne,sh hq;=h'
tfy;a lsishï fY%aKshl ksjdihla ,eîug iqşiqlï we;s ks,OdÍka fkdjk Ig fYa%Kshg
wod, fkdjk ks,Odßhl=g fjkal< yel'

fmdş fldkafoais
 hïlsis ;k;=rlg fjkalrk ,o ksjila yer wfkl=;a ish¨u ksjdij, nş ld,h jir myls'
^11$2009 rd( mß( pl% f,aLh&
 rcfha ksjila fjkalr Èh yelafla rcfha ks,Orhl=g muKS' kej; fiajfha fhdojk Ig
ysñ fkdfI' IY%du ,enq Ig ksjfika wia ù hd hq;=h'
 rcfha ksjil mÈxIj isIh yelafla th ,ndc;a ks,Odßhdg" l,;%hdg" orejkag iy
hefmkakkag muKs' uqo,a fcjd kj;dckakd wuq;a;ka fyda fkajdislhka ;ndc; fkdyel' w;=re nş
Èh fkdyel'
 flI l,a §ulska hq;=j udre lrk wjia:djl § yer ks,Odßhl=g ish ksjiska wia ù
hdug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk Ig ,s;a udihlg l,ska j;a ksjdih fjkalr fok ks,Odßhdg ±kaIh
hq;=h'
 ks,Odßhl=fca fiajh wjika l< Ig fyda Tyq fiajfha fh§ isIh § ñh csh Ig fyda tu isoaIh
isş jQ ,s;a udihg miqj tk ,s;a udih wjidkh olajd Tyqg fyda mjqf,a whg ksjfia IiSug bv
Èh hq;=h'
 rcfha ksjil mÈxIlrejl= IfoaY /lshdjla NdrcekSug jegqma rys; ksjdvq ,nd we;s Ig
Èjhsfkka neyerj hdug fmr tu ksjdih ysialr tys ika;lh ksjdi fjka lrk n,Odßhdg Ndr
Èh hq;=h'

ksjdi l=,S whlsÍï

^w& Wmf,aLKc; ksjdi ,ndcekSug ysñ ke;s ks,Odßhl=iaÒr
ksjdi - Ijdyl ks,Odßhl=fca jegqfmka - 12 ½%
wIjdyl ks,Odßhl=fca jegqfmka - 07 ½%

w¾O iaÒr ksjdi - ksjdifha wd¾ãl ;lafiare

l=,sh l+vdrï $ ;djld,sl ksjdi - whlsÍï ke;'
hdo ksjdi ^puß& - wd¾ãl l=,sh ^mÈxI ish¨u whfcka iudk fldgia
,efnk mßÈ&

^wd& Wmf,aLkc; ksjdi ,eîug ysñlï we;s

ks,Odßhl=Ijdyl ks,Odßhl= fca jegqfmka - 10%
wIjdyl ks,Odßhl=fca jegqfmka - 05%

^we& wUq ieñ hqj,lg rcfha fiajlhka jk Ig Wmf,aLkc; ksjdi ,ndcekSug ysñlula
ke;akï jeä jegqma ,nk ks,Odßhdfca jegqfmka - 10%
wvq jegqma ,nk ks,Odßhdfca jegqfmka - 05%

17
^wE& wUq ieñ hqj,g rcfha fiajlhka yd wfhl= fyda fofokdu Wmf,aLkc; ksjdi ,eîug ysñlï
we;sIg
jeä jegqma ,nk ks,Odßhdfca jegqfmka - 10%
wvq jegqma ,nk ks,Odßhdfca jegqfmka - 02%

^b& yjqf,a mÈxIj isIk Ig

iEu mÈxI lrejl=fckau jegqfmka - 10%

Ihoï ms<sn| Wmßu ^yr& iSudj

Wmßu Ihoï ^yr& iSudj hkqfjka woyia lrkafka j¾Ihg wod,j ks,OdÍkag fcùug wkqu;
lr we;s Kh uqo,a m%udKfha by,u iSudjhs' tu iSudj blaujd Kh uqo,a fkdfcIh hq;=h'
wju ,eîï ^ner& iSudj
j¾Ihg wod,j wdmiq whlr csKqï c; l< hq;= Kh uqo,a j, tl;=fI wju wchla kshu lr
we;' th wju ,eìï ^ner& iSudjhs'
Wmßu yr fYaI iSudj
j¾Ih wdrïNfha mej;s yr fYaI iSudjg mj;akd j¾Ihg wod, uqˆ fcù ï yd wdmiq wh
lrcekSï j, fjki tl;= l< Ig j¾I wjidk yr fYaIh ,efí' fYaI iSudj wju lr
c; yelafla yels;rï Kh wdmiq whlrcekSu ;=,skah' tfyhska fuu yr fYaI iSudj
mj;ajdfck hdhq;= Wmßu iSudjla kshu lr we;'

Kh b,a¨ïlrejl=fca we;s iqşiqlu cek iy b,a,Sfï ks¾jHdc Ndjh cek Kh fok n,Odßhd
;SrKh lrkq we;' ks,Odßhl= fjk;a fomd¾;fïka;=jg udreù csh Ig Tyqfca Kh fYaIh yd
fmd,S uqo,a wh lsÍfï jclSï tu fomd¾;fïka;=jg mjrd Kh fYaI ksrjq,a lr cekSu
l,ska isI fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odkshdfca jclSuhs'

csIiqu" wem ne÷ï lrh" wefgda¾ks n, lvodish ysñlï Tmamqj hkd § ,shI,s udreù hk
fomd¾;fïka;=jg fkdhjd Kh şka fomd¾;fïka;=fI r|jd c; hq;=h' fiajfhka uqod yeÍul §
fydajegqma rys; IfoaY ksjdvq hdfï § fuu Kh uqo,a uq'¿ukskau ksrjq,a lr c; hq;=fI'

we;eï f,vfrdac j,ska fmf,k rcfha ks,OdÍkag ,efnk IfYaI wkqc%yh

^wdh;k ixc%yh - XXIII mßIfþoh iy rd(mß(wxl 32$93 yd 30$89 pl%f,aL&
rdcH fiajfha iaÒr fiajlhkag o" ojia mä fyda$iy udia mä msg wjqreoaol ld,hla fiajh l<
;djld,sl fiajlhl=g" wLKavj jirla fiajh l< wkshï fiajlhl=g o my; ±lafjk frdac je<÷k
Ig iqjh ,efí hhs ffjoH uKav,hla ;SrKh l<fyd;a my; ±lafjk mßÈ iïmQ¾K mä iys; IfYaI
ksjdvq ,nd Èh yel'

^w& CIh frdach - tla jrlg udi 04 necska läka lv fojdrhl oS iïmQ¾K mä iys; IfYaI
ksjdvq ,nd Èh yel' Bg miqj kej; fiajhg meñK wjqreş 04 la fiajh l< miq ;j;a udi 04 la
ksjdvq
,nd Èh yel'

^wd& ,dşre frdach - udi 22 lg fkdjeä ld,hla i|yd iïmQ¾K mä iys; IfYaI ksvdvq'

fuu ksjdvq wkqu; l< hq;af;a ffjoH uKav,h ks¾foaY lrk m%;sldr ks,Odßhd ,ndckafka kï iy
CIh frdacfha § frday,a c; jk fyda IfYaI{ fyda iqşiqlï we;s ffjoH jrhl=fcka ksjfia § m%;sldr ,nk
Igh'

iïmQ¾K jegqma iys; tjeks IfYaI ksjdvq Èh hq;af;a idudkH ksjdvq frc=,dis hgf;a ks,Odßhdg ysñjk
jegqma iys; ksjdvq wjika jQ miqjh'

 ksis ffjoH iy;slhlska fyda ffjoH uKav, jd¾;djlska fyda wdjrKh jk ld,hla i|yd
IfYaI jegqma iys; ksjdvq wkqu; l< hq;=h'

 jegqma iys; ksjdvq wjika jQ miq ;jşrg;a wjYHkï ffjoH uKav,hl jd¾;djla wkqj mä
rys; ksjdvq ,nd§u fyda finLH fya;= u; IY%du cekaùu l< hq;=h'

 iqjh ,eî meñKs Ifgl ieye,a¨ rdcldß mejÍu yd fmdaIH iqjodhl foaYc=Khla iys; m
%foaYhl ld¾hh ia:dkhla ,nd Èh hq;=h' fuu wkqc%yh weşu frdachlska fmf<k rcfha
ks,Odßhl=go ffjoH iy;slhla u; ,ndÈh yel'

18
 CIh frdach" ,dşre fyda ms<sld frdachg iudk ´kEu frdachla ms<sn|j ffjoH uKav,hla
ks¾foaY lrkIg iy Bg wod,j ffjoH uKav,hla Iiska ksßfoaY lrk Y,H l¾uhlska miq
/l n,d

19
 cekSug udi 06 l jegqma iys; IfYaI ksjdvq ,ndc; yels nj wxl 32$93 rdcH mßmd,k pl
%f,aLfha ±lafI'

,shdmÈxI jD;a;Sh ixcï j, idudðlhkag we;s wkqc%h

 ;u mä ,ehsia;=fjka idudðl uqo,a yd odhl uqo,a wh lr ixcuhg udia m;d heùug;a wjYH
wjia:d j,§ th ixfYdaOkh lsÍug fyda wj,xc= lsÍug;a yelsh' fuys§ ixcuh Iiska tla tla
iudðlhdfcka whlrk uqo,a ms<sn|j Wmf,aLKhla msgm;a 02 hq;=j fcùï ks,Odßhdg tIh hq;=
w;r whlsÍï wdrïNfha§ idudðlhdfca leue;a; ±lafjk m%ldYho bÈßm;a l< hq;=h'
 rch ms<sc;a §mjHdma; jD;a;Sh iñ;s YdLdjkays jd¾Isl /iaùïj,g iyNdcs ùu i|yd tu
YdLd iñ;s idudðlhkag Èk 1$2 l rdcldß ksjdvq ,ndc; yel' ^rd' mßmd,k 5$2000 pl% f,aLh&
 ixcufha jd¾Isl uyd iNd /iaùug iyNdcsùu i|yd tla Èkl rdcldÍ ksjdvq o ksoyia şïßh
n,m;% lIg,hlao fiajfha yÈis wjYH;djhg hg;aj ,ndÈh yel' ke;fyd;a ksoyia
şïßh n,m;% lIg,h fjkqjg ,xcu niar: j, cuka lsßu fjkqfjka jQ Ihoï m%;smQ¾Kh l<
yel'
^rdcH mßmd,k 7$2009 pl% f,aLh&
 ixcuhl ;sfokl=g fkdjeä ksfhdað; uKav,hl idudðlhkag wud;Hjrhl=" f,alïjrhl= fyda
fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odkhl= yuqùug tlÕ;ajh ,eî we;akï tu cuk i|yd rdcldÍ ksjdvqo
şïßh n,m;% o ,nd Èh yel'
 ixcuhl idudðl;ajh IisÍ isIk Ig hg;a msßfihska 1000 la iy IisÍ ke;sIg fyda
tl wdh;khlg fyda fiajd ia:khlg iSud ù we;s Ig 1500 j;a isIk Ig ixcufha
idudðlhl= m<uqj;djg j¾I 02 ld,hlg ^fyda ;k;=r ork;dla l,a hk ld,j,ska jvd
flIld,h olajd& mQ¾Kld,Skj ixcufha lghq;= i|yd uqod yeßh yel' ixcufha b,a,Su u;
fuu ld,h jir 04 olajd §¾> l< yel' idudðlhka 3000 blaujk ixcuhla fjkqfjka
fï wdldrhg ks,OdÍka fofokl= uqodyeßh yel' ks,Odßhd wkqhqla; fomd¾;fïka;=j Ndr
wud;Hjrhdfca tlÕ;ajh yd fiajd wjYH;djhg hglaj ks,Odßhd tlÕjkafka kï fuu ld,h
jir y;frka Tíngo §¾> l< yel'
 idudðl ixLHdj 1000 g wvq tfy;a 500 g jeä rcfha ,shdmÈxI jD;a;Sh iñ;sj, jD;a;Sh iñ;s
lghq;= i|yd ks,Odßka mQ¾Kld,Skj ksoyia fkdlrk w;r tys m%Odk ks,Odßhl=g uilg Èk
02Wmßuhlg hg;aj rdcldß ksjdvq ,ndÈh yel'^rd : mßc pl% f,aL$ 96)
 ixcuhl uI ixIOdkfha m%Odk ks,;, Wiq,k ks<Odßka ixcufha jevlghq;= i|yd
Tyqkfcafijh wjYH ia:dk j,g m;a l, hq;=h' Tjqka idudkH udre jHjia:d hgf;a udre lrkq
,eîug hg;a fkdfj;s'
 lssishñ jD;a;sh iñ;shl iNdm;s fyda f,alñ OQrh orK rdcH fiajlhl= jev ;ykñ lsßug
fyda ia:dk udre lsßug wjYH Igl tu ;SrKh wod, wud;HdxYh f,alñ fmnoac,slj c; hq;=h'
^ rd : mßc p' f,a' 58 $ 91)
 ixcuhl lghq;= j,g wod, jk tla tla pl% f,aLfha msgm;la fkdñ,fha iemhsh hq;=h'
 jD;a;Sh iñ;s lghq;= i|yd ksoyia lrk ks,Odßhd IY%du jegqma iy;s ;k;=rla orkafkl= jqjo
ixcuh IY%du jegqma odhl uqo,a fcIh hq;= ke;'^rd (mß'p'f,a' wxl 10$99& Tyq rdcH fiajfha
wr:idOl wruqo,g odhl uqo,a fcjkafkla klñ rdcfha odhl uqo, ixcuh Iiska fcIh hq;=h'
uqodyßk ks,Odßhl=fca jegqm yd Ôjk Ihoñ §ukdj rch Iiska fcIh hq;=h' ^ rd 'm'p'f,a'
27$95&
jD;a;Sh iñ;s iñfñ,k
 we;' jD;a;Sh iñ;s lghq;= i|yd Èjhsfka TSkEu m%foaYhlg cuka lsßu i|yd ksoyia şñßh
n, m;% yd ,xcu rch ms,sc;a tla tla jD;a;sh iñ;s iñfñ,khla fjkqfjka ks,Odßka
fofokl= mQ¾K ld,Skj

 rcfha ms,sc;a jD;a;Sh iñ;s iñfñ,k ld¾hd, j,go idudðl ixLHdj 5000 jeä jD;a;Sh
iñ;s ld¾hd, iñfñ,k lghq;= i|yd uqodyeßh yel' ^rd 'm 'p'f,a' 33$96& fñ whfca jegqma
yd §ukd rch fcjkq ksoyia m%fIY m;% ksl=;a l, yel'

 jD;a;Sh iñ;s iñfñ,khlg wkqnoaO jD;a;Sh iñ;shl ksfhdað;hkag ish iñfñ,kfha jd¾Isl
uyd iuq¿jg iyNdcS Iu i|yd tla Èkl rdcldß ksjdvqo" ksoyia şñßh n, m;% lIg,hla o"
fiajfha y§is wjYH;djhkag hg;aj Èh yel' ^rd'mß'p'f,a'wxl 19$96 ^1& tjeks ks<Odßka
fmnoac,slj b,a¨ñ lrk Ig ksoyia şñßh n,m;% lIg,h fjkqjg ,xcu nia r:j, cuka
lsßu fjkqfjka Ihou m%;smQ¾Kh l< yel' ^ rd( mß' p'f,a'wxl 1$3000&

 j j,g o tajdfha iNdm;sjreka yd f,alñjrekafca ksjdi j,g ^ks, ld,h orK ;dlal,a&
o şrl:k myiqlñ my; i|yka mßÈ iemhsug ;Srkh lr we;'

20
 iIlsßfñ cdia;= rch orK w;r" ks<OdÍka fjkia jk Ig flfrka wu;r iIlsßfñ
cdia;= iñfñ,kh $iñ;sh ±ßh hq;=h'
,shdmÈxI cdia;=" jd¾Isl nş uqo,a yd udisl ì,am;a jD;a;sh iñ;sh $
iñfñ,,kh$ks<OdßkafcIh hq;=h' ^rd'mß'p'f,a'wxl 23$98&

wud;HxYfha f,alñjrhl=f,a ld¾h Ndrh'

 wud;Hjrhdfca idudkH IOdkhg yd md,khg hg;aj ;u wud;HdxYHg hg;a
fomd¾;fñ;=j, lghq;= wëCIKh lsßu'
 rdcH m%;sm;a;Ska yd wud;H uKav, ;SrK fomd¾;fñka;= m%Odkhka ucska l%shd;aul lsßu'
 ;u wëCIKh hgf;a mj;sk fomd¾;fñka;=j, wdh;k lghq;= cek jclSu'
 frc=,dis j,ska fyda rdcH mßmd,k wud;HxYhfha f,alñjrhd $ wdh;k wOHCIl ckrd,a Iiska
fyda ksYaI;j fmdşfI mjrkq ,nk wdh;k lreKq ms<Sn|j ld¾hhka bgq lsßu'
 wdh;k ixc%yh ucska fyda fjk;a frc=,dis ucska fyda wdh;k lreKq ms,Sn| n,
;, fomd¾;=fuyka;= m%Odkshl=g mjrd we;s l,ays" tajd IIu;aj l%shd;aul jk njg jc n,d
cekSug fmdş wëCIKh ls%hd;aul lsßu'
 rdcfiajd fldñIka iNdj iuÕ ,sms ckqfokq lsßu'
 ;u wud;HxYhg n,mdk ish¨ jeoc;a lghq;= iñnkaOfhka ;ukau l%shd lsßu'

fomd¾;fñka;= m%Odkshl=fca ld¾h Ndrh'

 f,alñjrhd ±kqñ şka rdcH m%;sm;a;s yd wud;Hjrhdfca ksfhdac l%shd;aul lsÍu'
 ;u fomd¾;fñka;=fI mßmd,kh ms,Sn|j f,alñjrhdg jclSu'
 wdh;k ixc%yh" uqo,a frc=,dis we;=¨ fjk;a ,sÅ; kS;s frc=,dis j,ska mejfrk lghq;= bgq lsßu'
 fomd¾;fñk;=jl m%Odkshl= l,ska ;SrKH fkdjq m%;sm;auh lreKla uyck u; fyaohlg ;=vq
Èh yels mßmd,kuh l%shdjla fyda I§ula f,I wkqu; fkdjq b;d jeoc;a l%shdjla lsßug
l,ska taldrKh f,alñjrhd fj; bÈßm;a l, hq;=h'
 f,alñjrhd fjk;a kshula lr fkdue;s Ifgl ;u fomd¾;fñk;=fjka fjk;a
fomd¾;fñka;=jlg n,mdk l%shdjla lsßug m%:u ta cek wod, fomd¾;fñka;= m%Odks iuÕ
idlIPd lsßu'

Èia;%sla f,alñ'
Èia;%sla f,alñ wod, Èia;%slalfha wdKavqfI ksfhdað;hd fI' iajfoaY lghq;= IIh Ndr
wud;HxYfhaf,alñg jclsj hq;=h' tu f,alñfca fufyh ùu yd md,kh hgf;a l%shd l< hq;=h'
iajfoaYlghq;= f,alñjrhdfca tlÕ;djh u; fjk;a wud;HdxY j,ska mejfrk ld¾hhka
iñnkaOj tu wud;HdxYj, ksfhdað;hl= f,io l%shd flf¾' iajlSh Èia;%slalh ;=, flfrk
ish,au rcfha lghq;=iudfhdackh lsßu Tyqfca jclSuls'

,sms ckq fokq lsßu'

 wud;Hjrfhla fjk;a wud;Hjrhl= iuc fl,skau ,sms ckq fokq lrhs'
 ckdÈm;s;=ud" wc%dud;H;=ud"wud;Hjre iy l:dkdhljrhd iuÕ kS;sm;s fl,skau ,sms ckq fokq
lrhs'
 rdcH fiajd fldñIka iNdj iuÕ ,sm ckqfokq l<yelafla wud;HxYhl f,alñjrhd Iiskah'
 fjk;a wud;Hjrhl=fca md,kh hgf;a hgf;a mj;akd fomd¾;fïka;=jla iuc fl<skau ,sms
ckqfokq lsßu kqiqşiqh' ta ms<sn|j wod, wud;Hjrhdg fyda f,alïjrhdg ,shd heIh hq;=h'
 fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odkshl= iajlSh f,alïjrhd iuc flfrk ikaksfIok ,sms ,sùfuka je,lS
yels;dla şrg igyka j, iajrEmhg iSudl< hq;=h' tu igyka wvxc= ,shI,s fomd¾;fïka;= ,sms
fcdkqj, fcdkqlr ;eìh hq;=h' fomd¾;fïka;= ,sms fcdkqjl fcdkq lr ;eîug iqşiq fkdjk
,smsfjku fcdkqjl ;nd cekSug f,alïjrhdg yelsh'
 ;u ;uka w;r mßmd,kh jk IIh lghq;= iïnkaOj fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odkhkag Tjqfkdjqka
w;r fl<skau ,sms ckq fokq lrc; yel' fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odkhl=fca fhdackdjla fjk;a
fomd¾;fïka; = m%Odkfhl=g bÈßm;a lsÍug wjYH Ig wod, f,alïjrekag bÈßm;a lsÍug fmr
tlS m%Odkhla mQ¾K f,i idlIPd lr tfia idlIPd l< njg ckq fokq lrk ,smsj,o i|yka l<
hq;=h'
 wud;H jrhl=g" ksfhdacH wud;H jrhl=g fyda wud;HdxY f,alï jrhl=g iajlSh
wud;HdxYh hgf;a mj;sk ´kEu fomd¾;fïka;=jl fyda IIh lghq;= mejÍ we;s fjk;a
fomd¾;fïka;=l we;swod, ,sms f,aLK yd ,sms fcdkq ne,Sug ysñlï we;'

 Èia;%sla f,alïjrhl=g ;uka fj; mejÍ we;s IIh lghq;a;la ms<sn|j tu wud;HxYhfha f,alï
jrhd iuc fl<skau fyda wod, fomd¾;fïka;=fI m%Odkhd ucska fyda ,sms ckqfokq l< yel'
 fjk;a wdKvqjla iuc fyda Y%S ,xldfI fyda IfoaYhl tu wdKavqj fjkqfjka fmkS isIk
ksfhdað;hl= iuco IfoaYhl isIk Y%S ,xld rcfha ksfhdað;hl= iuco ,sms ckq fokq l< hq;af;a
21
 IfoaY lghq;= ms<sn| f,alïjrhd ucska fyda Tyqfca Wmfoiaj,g wkql+,jh' ^
wd(ix(XXVIII mß(3(4jc&
 ;ukafca fmDoac,sl whs;sjdislï ms<sn|j fl<skau n,mdk ´kEu lreKla ms<sn|j IIu;a jQ
mßÈ ixia:dms; ljr fyda n, uKavchlg b,a,Sula $ wNshdpkhla bÈßm;a lsÍug
ks,Odßhl=g mqˆjkˆ' tajd bÈ ßm;a l<hq;af;a ;u fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odkshd yd fjk;a n,OdÍka
ucskah' ysgmq rcfha ks,Odßhl=fca tjeks b,a,Sula rdcH fiajd fldïIka iNdj wu;d we;s
wjia:dj, yer ks,Odßhd wka;sug fiajh l< fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odkshd ucska bÈßm;a l< hq;=h'
^ wd(ix(XXVIII mß(5 jc(&

ld¾hd, fI,djka ms<sn|j IIIOdk

 rdcH fiajfha lKsIaG fiajlhka yer wfkl=;a fiajlhkafca ld¾hd, fI,dj ^Èjd fNdackh Ikdä
30 iuc& fm'j' 8'30 isg m'j' 4'15 olajd fI' ^rd' mß' p' f,a' wxl 9$2006&
 lKsIaG fiajlhka i|yd ^Èjd fNdackh Ikdä 30 iuc& fm'j' 8'00 isg m'j 4'45 olajd fI' ^rd'
mß' p'f,a' 162 iuc 9$2006&
 m%udo ù meñfKk ld¾hd, ks,OdÍkag tkï fm'j' 8'30 ;a fm'j' 9'00 ;a w;r ´kEu fI,djl
ld¾hd,hg meñfKk ks,Odßhl=g tfia m%udo jk ld,h m'j' 4'15 ka miqj m'j' 4'45 olajd jev
wdjrKh l< yel' ^rd' mß' p' f,a' 03$92&
 fm'j 8'00 ;a fm'j 8'15 ;s w;r ld¾hd,hg meñfKk iq¿ fiajlhskag tfia m%udo jQ ld,h m'j
4'45 ka miqj m'j' 5'00 olajd wdjrKh l< yel' ^ rd' mß' p'f,a' 03$92&
 by; mßÈ m%udohka wdjrKh fkdl<fyd;a tjeks m%udo wjia:d 03 we;sIg Tyqfca $wehfca
ksjdvq j,ska Èk 1$2 wvq lrkq ,efí' ^rd' mß' p' f,a' 6$94&
 fudagr r: ßhşrka Èk mfya I;shla rdcldßfha fhfokafka kï lEu meh we;=ˆj È klg meh 10
lafiajh l< hq;=h' Èk yfha i;shla fiajh lrkafka kï lEu meh we;=¿j Èklg meh 8 1$2la
fiajh l< hq;=h' ^ fikiqrdod rdcldßfha fhfok Ig tÈkg meh 7 1$2ls& ^ rd' mß' p' f,'a 12$93&
 uqrlrejkafca rdcldß fI,dj meh 12 lS' meh 08 fkdwvq jev l%uhla o mj;ajdfck hd yel' ^
NdKavdcdr wxl 309/1/66/ET/CA/235-08c24 yd 1949-12-22 ork pl% f,aL wkqjh&
 by; fI,djka blaujd iajlSh hg;a ks,Odßkafca fiajh ,ndcekSug fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odkshl=g
mqˆjk'

idudkH lreKq
 iEu ld¾hd,hlu meñKSfï f,aLkhla mj;ajdfck hd hq;=h' fomd¾;fïka;=fI iEu ks,Odßhl=u
meñKsu msgùu fI,djka olajñka ish w;aik ;nd iy;sl l<hq;= w;r ffokslj
udKav,sl ks,Odßhl= yß jeer ne,sh hq;=h'

 iEu ld¾hd,hlu meñKSu yd msgùu ikd: flfrk weÕs,s i,l=Kq hka;% NdI;d l< hq;=h'
fcùï lsÍfï § tys fI,djka Wmfhdacs fldg c;hq;=h' ^ rd'm ß' p' f,a( 9$2009 yd 9$ 2009^1& &

 ue;sjrKhl § wdOdr ,ndcekSug fyda ld¾h uKv,fhka uqo,a tl;= lsÍug ld¾hd,hg
uyckhdg we;=¿ùug wjir fkdÈh hq;=h'

 f,alï jrhdfca wjirh we;sj ñi rcfha ksjdvq Èkhla fkdjk Èkj, rcfha ld¾hd,hla
fkdjeish hq;=h'

 hula ceiI m;%fha m<lsßu rdcH ks,Odßhl=g flfrk m%udKj;a ±kqï §ulS' tjeks Ifgl
IfYaI Wmfoaia ,eî ke; hkak wkjdOdkh cek ksoyig lreKla fkdfI'

 rdcldß ,shlshI,s j, fld<mdg ;Skaf;ka ,sùug bv § we;af;a IcKk ks,OdÍkag muKs'

 isß;la jYfhka NdI;d jk wdlD;s j,ska hï ;ke;a;l=fca cd;sh ms<sn| f;dr;=re ,ndcekSug
rcfha ks,Odßhl=g wjir fkdue;'

ks, ixpdr

 fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odkhl= msg; rdcldß j,g hdfï§ m%:ufhka msg;aj hk Èk o ld¾h ia:dk o
wjYH mßÈ ryiH j fyda f,alïjrhdg jd¾:d l< hq;=h'

22
  fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odkhl= iy mÍCIl ks,odßhl= Èia;%slalhlg hdug woyia lrk Ig ta cuka
ryisc;j l<hq;= wjia:djkays È yer wpdrYS,S l%shdjla f,ig Èia;%sla f,alïg ±kqï Èh hq;=h'

rdcldß ,sms ilia lsÍu iïnkaO II

 yels;dla şrg tla ,smshla tla ldrKhlg iSud l< hq;+h
 ,smshl wxlh yd Èkh ,smsfha ol=Kq me;af;a Wvq fl<jf¾ igyka l< hq;=h
 ,smshl Èkh i|yka l< hq;af;a th w;aika lrk wjia:dfI§h
 ,smsfhka m%ldY jk ldrKh tys ud;Dldj f,i ieflIka ±laIh hq;=h
 uyckhd iuc ,sms cKqfokq lsÍ fï§ “ uy;auhdKksa yd fuhg' Tfí IYaIiSa f,i
weu;Su i|yka Ih hq;=h
 l,ska ,sms ckqfokq l< IIhlg ,smshla hjk Ifgl tu ,sms ckqfokqj i|yka l< hq;=h
 ,smshl fþoj, wxl fhÈh hq;=h
 msgm;a heùu m%udKj;a jkIg weuqKqula jYfhka uq,a f,aLKhla fkdheIh hq;=h
 w;aika lrkakdfca ku" w;aikg hIka yd ks, kduhg Wäka i|yka l< hq;=h
 jeoc;a lreKq iïnkaOfhka fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odkfhl= hjk iEu ,smshlau ;ukau w;aika
lr heIh hq;=h

fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odkhl= fjkqjg ,sms w;aika lr heùu

 fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odkhl= ,smshla flgqï m;a l< Ifgl" tys i|yka jk lreKq okajk
f,i IfYaIfhka kshu l< Ifgl" ksfhdachla ,shd we;s Ifgl fyda flgqï m; wkqu; lr we;s
Ifgl m%Odkhdfca ku;a" ku bÈ ßfhka w;aika lf<aa hk jpk;a fhdod' tu ,smshg
w;aika lrk
;eke;a;d jï me;af;a w;aika fldg heIh hq;=h'

fuhg"
Tfí IYajdiS"

w;aik……………………cc w;aika lf<a X,Y is,ajd

uq,l=re iys; ku Èia;%sla f,alï" chmqr
w;sf¾l Èia;%sla f,alï

 ;ukafca ksfhdach $ ±kqï§u wkq w;aikska ksl=;a lrIh yelafla fï fï ks,OdÍka Iiska
muKlehs
±lafjk ks, kdu ,ehsia;=jla ta ta wud;HdxY f,alï jrhd $fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odkshd ;u ks,OdÍka
fj; ksl=;a l< hq;=h'

 ,smshl w;aika lre ljrl= jqjo ;u ld¾hd,fhka hjk iEu ,smshlu wvxc= lreKq cek
fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odkshd jclsj hq;=h'

ryiH ,sms ckqfokq lsÍu

 ryiH ,sms hjk Ig ljr foll nyd heIh hq;=h' we;=,; ljrh msg; ljrhg l=vd jk mßÈ
keIh hq;= w;r tys “ryiHha hkak;a ,eìh hq;= whfca ku yd ;k;=r;a meyeÈ ,sj igyka Ih
hq;=h'

 ,efnk ryiH ,sms IjD; l< hq;af;a m%Odkshd fyda n,h mjrk ,o ks,Odßhl= Iiskah'
 ryiH f,aLK j, wvxc= lreKq wkjYH wh w;g m;a fkdùug jcn,d c; hq;=h' tajd wc=¨
±ñh yels wdrCIs; fmII j, nyd ;eìh hq;=h'

 WidI f,aLK " Tmamq " fplam;a jeks jIkd yd jeoc;a ,shI,s f,aLKc; ;emEf,ka heIh hq;=h'

,sms ckqfokq iïnkaO wfkl=;a lreKq

,efnk ,sms j,g wm%udoj ms<s;=re heIh hq;=h' ,smshla ,eî i;shla we;=,; wjika ms<s;=rela
heùug fkdyels kï tu ld,h ;=< w;=re ms<s;=rla heIh hq;=h' ;jşrg;a m%udoIu je<elaIh fkdyels
23
jk Ig IIka Ig lrfck hk lghq;= ms<sn| Iia;r i|yka lr w;=re ms<s;=re ;jşrg;a heIh hq;=h'

24
rdcldß ,smsj, yd ks, f,aLK j, msgm;a cekSu fyda ksl=;a lsÍu

 ;ud cek i|yka jq ,smshl fyda jd¾;djl fyda fjk hï m%isoaO fkdl< ks, f,aLKhl msgm;la
fyda ;udfcau m%fhdackhg ,nd cekSu ks,Odßhl=g ;ykïh'
 fjk;a foamd¾;fïka;=jlska ,enqk ,smshla fyda tys msgm;la fmDoac,sl md¾Yjhlg ksl=;a
fkdl< hq;=h' tys wvxc= lreKq ±laIh hq;= Ifgl tys lreKq we;=,;a fldg fjku ,smshla
ksl=;a l< yel'
 WidI ksfhdachla u; kshñ; msgm;a lsÍfï cdia;= fcùfuka miq ñi ,smshl fyda tu ,smshg hjk
,o ms<s;=rl iy;sl l< msgm;la tu ,smsh ,shq ;eke;a;dg yer fjk;a lsisu flfkl=g ksl=;a
fkdl< hq;=h'

 fm;aiula w;aika ;nd tIh hq;= w;r th ,shk ,oafoa fjk;a whl=kï fofokdfcau
,smskhkai|ykajk mßÈ tIh hq;=h'

 fm;aiug wod, lreKq yd ;¾l j,ska th iukaI; Ih hq;= w;r ,nkakdfca ks, kug tIh
hq;=h' tys ;uka b,a,d isIkafka ;=ula±hs i|yka l< hq;=h'

fm;aiula i,ld fkdn,k wjia:d

 udi ;=klg jvd by; şka ksfhdachg IreoaOj bÈßm;a l< wNshdpkfh;a wvxc= jQ Ig iEfyk
meyeÈ<s lsÍula olajd fkdue;s Ig' ^rd' mß' p' f,a' 20$95&

 hï kS;shlska fyda frc=,dishlska fyda wjika ;SrKh njg m%ldYs; ;SrKhlg IreoaOj bÈßm;a
lrk fm;aiula'

 iykh ,nd cekSug IfYaI l%shdud¾chla kS;sfhka kshu lr we;s Ifgl ^WodyrK
( fY%aIaGdIlrKhg wNShdpkd lsßu'&

 b,a,d isIk iykh rch fyda rcfha ks,Odßhl= md¾Yjlrejl= fkdjq isI,a kvqjl ;Skaşjlska
fydaWidI ksfhdachlska Woac; jk ldrKhla jk Ig'

 WidIhlska ;SrKh lsÍug Ndckh ù mj;akd ldrKhla cek IBdchla fyda Iu¾Ykhla lrk
fci b,a,d isIk Ig'

 wmeyeÈ,sj" wksis f,i" wdpdrYS,S nfjka f;drj NdId I,dYhlska ,shd we;s Ifgl'
^kS;sfhka IfYaI IäIOdk mkjd we;s Ifgl Bg wod, jHjia:d blaujd fuu jHjia:d n,
fkdmj;ajhs&

jd¾;d

 uyckhd fyda rcfha ks,Odßhl= Iiska rchg bÈßm;a lrk ksfhdack iïnkaOj jd¾;d
lrk ks,Odßhl= lrkq ,nk ks¾foaY ryiH fldg ie<lsh hq;=h'

 jd¾;d lsßfï§ fm;aifï ±lafjk fpdaokd ljf¾o@ b,a,d isIk iyk fudkjdo@ jd¾;d
lrk ks,Odßhd ksYaph f,I ±k isI mßÈ isoaIhg wod, lreKq fudkjdo@ hkak flIfhka
±laIh hq;=h' tfiau jd¾;d lrk ks,Odßhdfca woyia yd ks¾foaY ±laIh hq;=h' tu
jd¾;dfI fm;aiu iïnkaOfhka heIh hq;= ms<s;=re fyda c;hq;= kscuk cek fhdackd o we;=,;a
Ih hq;=h'

 jd¾;djla wm%odoj jd¾;d l< hq;=h' uilg jvd m%udo fkdl< hq;=h'

rdcldß ,sms f,aLKj, Ndrh tjd wdrCIdlr ;ndceksu iy Ikdilr ±óu

 fomd¾;fïk;=jl m%Odkshd fyda jclsj hq;= ks,Orhd ^1973 wxl 48 cd;sl f,aKKdrCIl kS;sfha
24 jcka;sfha w¾: olajd we;& fyda tyq Ndrfha mj;sk rcfha ld¾hd,hl w;s ish¨ ,sms f,aLK
yd
,shlshI,s j, iqrCIs;Ndrh" md,kh yd tajd wdrCIdlr ,ndcekSu iïsnkaOfhka jclsj hq;=h'

25
fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odkfhl= Iiska jd¾Islj(

26
  iaÒr ixrCIKh i|yd cd;sl f,aLKdcdrh fj; heIhhq;= f,aLK ms<sn| Wmf,alK
ilialr cd;sl f,aLKdrCIl wOHCIl ckrd,a fj; heIh hq;=h'
 cd;sl f,aLKdcdrfha ;nd iaÒrj ixrCIKh lsÍug f;drdc;a ,shI,s f,aLKdrCIl
wOHCIl ckrd,a iuc idlIPd lr tlÕ jq mßÈ Èkl tys heIh hq;=h'
 jIkd lula ke;s fia i,ld IkdY l<hq;= tÈfkod f,aLK ms<sn|jo Wmf,aLK ilia lr IkdY
lsÍug wkque;sh c; hq;=h'
 IkdY lsÍug wkqu;lr we;s f,aLK lsishï Èkhla fhdodfck fomd¾;fïka;= m%Odkshdfca
jclSu yd ksfhdac u; IkdY l< hq;=h'
 IkdY l< ,sms f,aLK ms<sn|j jd¾;djla iqşiq frðiagrhl IkdY l< ,smsfcdkqfI $ f,aLKfha
Èkh yd wxlh" IIhh" Bg wod, ld, mßIfþoh wjYH mßÈ lreKq idrdxYhla" IkdY lsÍug
n,h şka ,smsfha fhduqj" IkdY lr ±uq ms<sfj, yd Èkh hk YS¾I hgf;a mj;ajdfck
wdrCIs;j
;ndc; hq;=h'

^wxl 30 orK mk;ska ixfYdaI; 1973 wxl 48 orK cd;sl f,aLKdrCIl kS;sfhka yd ta yd iïnkaO
jHjia:d j,ska md,kh fI' &
IkdY fkdl< hq;= f,aLk ^wd(ix(XXVIII mß(9(8& ^rd ( mß'p'f,a' wxl 25$2008 n,kak&

 Y%S ,xld md¾,sfñka;=j msysgqùug fmr hg;a Ið; Ndr f,alñ ld¾hd,h iuÕ ckqfokq l, ,sms '
 fomd¾;fñk;=jla m%;sIaGkh" ixia:dmkh"mßmd,kh"ks,Odßka m;a lsßu yd wjika lsßu iñnkaO
jd¾;d yd f,aLK'
 ksl=;a lrkq ,nk ldis yd uqo,a fkdIgq j, wdo¾Y'
 m%;sm;a;s lreKq ms,Sn| ,sms fcdkq'
 m%;sm;a;Suh lreKq l%shd;aul lsßu ms,Sn| f,aLK fyda jd¾;d'
 mÍCId l, hq;= hehs kS;sfhka kshu jq f,aLK'
 cd;sl f,aLKKdrCIl wOHCIl kshu lrk TSkEu jd¾;djla'
 jeoc;a IoHd;aul yd ld¾ñl m¾fhaIKh yd ixj¾Okh ms<sn| jd¾;djla'
 ie,lsh hq;= m%dfoaYsh yd l,dmSh jeoc;a lñka hq;a lreKQ j,g wod< jd¾;djla'

jd¾;djla fyda ixLHd f,aLK bÈßm;a lsßfñ m,d;a yd Èia;%slal wkq ms<sfj,'

niakdyr - 1- fld,U 2- cñmy 3- l¿;r

uOHu - 4- uykqjr 5- ud;f,a 6- kqjrt,sh
ol=Kq - 7- c,a, 8- ud;r 9-yñnkaf;dg
W;=r - 10-hdmkh 11-ukakdru 12- jIkshdj
13- uq,;sI 14-ls,sfkdIIh
kefckysr - 15-uv,l,mqj 16- wñmdr 17- ;S%l=Kdu,h
- 18-l=rekEc, 19- mq;a;,u
W;=reueo - 20-wkqrdOmqrh 21-
fmdf,kakrej Wnj 22- nş,a, 23- fudKrdc,
inrcuqj - 24-r;akmqrh 25- lEc,a,
24
rdcH ks<Odßka j;alñ yd nerlñ m%ldY ^fmdş 261& iñmqrK l, hq;= wjia:d

 m<uq m;aùfñ jev ndrc;a Ig'

 m<uq m;aùu ,nk Ig wIjdylj isIfha kñ Ijdy jq

miqj' rcfha ks,oOßka bvñ w;a lr cekSu'

 rcfha ks,Odßkahl=g ñ,§ cekSfuka" nş cekSfuka ";Ecs ,eîfuka Wreufhka " odhdo
jYfhka fyda wka;su leu;s m;%hlska fyda ysñjk bvñ fyda bvñj, fldgia ms,Sn|j mQ¾j
wkque;shla
,nd cekSu wjYH fkdfj;;a ;ukag ysñ jq tu bvlvñ ms,Sn|j ;u fomd¾;fñka;= m
%Odkhd ucska bvu msysI Èia;%slalfha Èia;%sla f,alñ fj; udi 03 la we;=c; ±kqñ Èh hq;=h'
tu w;a lr ceksu wksis fyda kqiqşiq hehs fmkS csh fyd;a fyda fjk;a fya;= fjf;d;a Èia;%sla
f,alñ tams<sn|j wod< wud;HxY f,alñ fj; jd¾;d lrkq ,efì'

27
  fomd¾;fñk;= m%Odkhl= fyda Y%s ,xld mßmd,k fiajfha ks,Odßhl= Iiska fyda w;alr ckakd
,nk bvñ ms<Sn| jd¾;d ks,Odßhd fiajh lrk wud;HxYfha f,alñ fj; ksfhdac
ioyd bÈßm;a l, hq;=h'
 hñ ks,Odßhl= Iiska fyda Tyq fjkqfjka bvula w;alr cekSu fyda i;=j
;ndcekSu f,alñjrhdfca woyi mßÈ kqiqşiq jkafka kñ Tyqg iqşiq hehs yefck hñ m
%udKhlska tu bvu ms<sn|j whs;sjdislu w;ayer ±ñh hq;= hehs ta ks,Odßhdg ksfhdac lsßu
f,alñ jrhdg mqˆjk'
 bvula w;alr cekSfuka fyda i;=j ;nd cekSfuka ks,Odßhl=fca fmnoac,sl lghq;= yd
rdcldß lghq;= w;r" ienIkau ke;fyd;a fmkS hk mßÈ cegqula we;sjqj fy;a ta bvu
w;alr cekSu fyda ;u i;=j ;nd cekSu kqiqşiq jkafkah'

kS;H /lshdjg fyda OQrhg fyda mßNdysrj fiajdjla bgq lsßu'

 rcfha ks<Odßkafca ld,h"±kqu" iyc oCI;d yd ksmqk;ajh iñnkaOfhka rchg

iñmq¾K whs;shla we;'
 lsisş ks<Odßhl= jdKsc jHdmdrhl fyda fj<| jHdmdrhl fyda ljrdldr jD;a;Sh
ld¾hhkalrfck hk wdh;khl fyda lghq;= j,g iyNdcS fkdIh hq;=h'
 f,alñjrhdfca wjirh l,a we;sj ,nd fkfck ks<Odßhl= m,d;a md,k wdh;khlg"
ixia:djlg fyda fjk;a fmdş wdh;khlg fyda lsisş fmnoac,sl md¾Yjhlg fyda
lsisş fiajhla bgq lsßug Ndr fkdc; hq;=h'
 ;u idudkH rdcldßj,g mßNdysr jq hñlsis ld¾hhka cdia;=jla ,nd bgqlr §ug
ndrcekSug fmr f,alñjrhdfca wjirh ,nd c; hq;=h'
 rcfha wruqo,lska wdOdr ,nkakd jq fyda rcfha hñ ks,Odßhl= ks, n,fhka idudðlhl=f,I
m;a fldg we;s lñgqjlska fyda md,k uKav,hlska md,kh jkakd jq hñlsis iudculska
fkdfy;a wruqo,lska lsishñ m%odkhla";Hdchla"cdia;=jla m%idO uqo,la fyda ;=gq mvqrla
f,alñjrhdfca mq¾j wkque;sh fkdue;sj ,nd fkdc; hq;=h'
 ksjdvq msg isIk lsisu ks,Odßhl= f,alñjrhdfca wkque;sh l,a we;sj ,nd fkdfck
lsisu fI;ksl /lshdjl fkdfhÈh hq;=h'
 f,alñjrhdfca wkque;sh we;sj ñi ks,Odßhl= mdGYd,djl l<uKdldr OqQrh Ndr
fkdc; hq;=h'
 rdcldßj,g iñnkaO lsisu lghq;a;la i|yd fmnoac,sl ksfhdackhla Ndr fkdc; hq;=h'

iñ;s iudcñ j, idudðl;ajh'

 foaYmd,k whs;sjdislñ N=la;s I§ug ydñlñ fkdue;s k<Odßhl=g lsisş foaYmd,k
ixcuhl fyda jßmkñ fcjkakñfca iñcuhla jeks fudkhñ ixcuhl fyda iduðlhl= ùu
;ykñh'
 fmd,sia yd nkaOdkdcdr ld¾hh uKav, j, kshql;a ks<Odßka yer wfkl=;a by; lS cKhg
jegk ks,Odßhg foaYmd,k mrud¾: fkdue;s jqo tjeks ixIOdkhlg wkshñka fyda iñnkaO
fkdjq ixcuhla msysgqjd c;yel'
 iajlSh idudðlhka fjkqfjka tfia msysgqjd ckq ,nk ixcuhla isg idudðlhka
fjkqfjka rchg lreKq bÈßm;a lsßu msKSi jD;a;Sh iñ;s wd{d mK; hgf;a jD;a;Sh
iñ;s frðiagd¾ Iiska ,shdmÈxIlr ;sìh hq;=h' rdcfha ks<Odßhl= fkdjk lsisfjl= tys
lsisş ks,;,hlg wkqYdil f,I fyda idudðlhl= f,i fyda m;a fkd,l hq;=h'

iñ;s iudcñ ucska rdcg lreKq bÈßm;a lsßu'

tlu fomd¾;fuka;=jl ks<Odßkafcka iukaI;jk mßÈ rcfha ks,Odßka Iiska msysgqjd ckakd ,o
ms<sc;a ixcuhla hñ n,Odßhl= fj; lreKq bÈßm;a lsßug woyia lrk Ig tlS
,shI,af,a msgm;la fomd¾;fuka;= m%Odkhdg yd wud;HxY f,alñjrhdg heIh hq;=h'
tfy;a ks<Odßhl=fca m;a lsßula udre lsßula fiajfhka my lsßula fyda Ikh md,kh iñnkaO
lsisu ,shI,a,la rcfha ks,Odßkafca ixcuhla Iiska j,Odrhl= fj; fkdheIh hq;=h'

wdKavqfI m%;sm;a;s mßmdk l%shdud¾c IfIpkh lsßu'

 ;u ks, ;;a;ajfhka l%shd lsßug n,h ,eî wef;d;a ñi foaYmd,k whs;sjdislñ N=la;s
I§ug ysñlñ ke;s rcfha ks,Odßhl=g Y%s ,xld rch fyda fjk;a rchl lsisu l%shdjla
ms,Sn|j i<ld ne,sug /iaIula leoùu fyda tjeks /iaùul l%ShdYS,sj lghq;= l;sßu ;ykñ
fI'
28
  tnş rcfha ks,Odrhl= mqj;a j,g ,sms ,sùfuka jd¾;dlrejka iuÕ iñuqL idlIPd
meje;aùfuka rch fyda rcfha fomd¾;fuka;=jla IfIpkh lsßu ioydj;a rdcldßuh
fyda fkjk şla cekI,s m%pdrh lsßugj;a m%jD;a;a m;% udOH fhdod fkdc; hq;=h'
 tfy;a rcfha ks,Odßkafca ms<Sc;a ixcuhlg wh;a jq rcfha ks<Odrhl=g
ixcufha idudðlhkafca jegqmg fyda fiajd fldkafoaisj,g n,mdk wdKavqfI m%;sm;a;shlg
;SrKhlg IreoaOj m%ldY lsßug IafIpkh lsßu mq¿jk' tu IfrdaO;d yd IfIpk uOHia:
yd hym;a NdIdfjka l< hq;=h' tys§ ryiH f;dr;=re wkdjrKh fkdIh hq;=h'
 TkEu Ikh l%shdjla cek fyda Ikh l%shdud¾chla cek IreoaO;ajh m%ldY lsßug IfIpkh
lsßug rcfha ks<Odßhl=g mq¿jk'tfy;a tajd m%isoaIfha fkdl, hq;=h' m%isoaO ùug j,lajd
c; hq;=h' tjeks IfrdaO;s IfIpkh l, hq;af;a Ikh l%shdjg Ndckh jq ks,Odßhd
fyda Tyq kS;Hdkql=,j idudðlhhl=ù isIk rcfha ks<Odßkafca ixcuhl ks<;, orkafkafkl=
Iisks'

foaYmd,ksl whs;sjdislñ N=la;s ù§ug ysñlñ fkdue;s ks,Odßka

 wIlrK ks,Odrska
 ikakoaO fiajdj, ks,Odrka
 fmd,sia yuqodfI k<Odrka
 fmd,sia lghq;= bgqlrk ks<Odrka ^c%du ks<Odßka jeks&
 nkaokdcdr ks<ODrka ^jD;a;Sh iñ;s wd{dmk; 20 jcka;sh'&
 rdcH fiajfha udKav,sl fyda wëCIK ks<OdÍka
 ue;sjrK fomd¾;fuka;=fI fiajh lrk ks<Odrka ^ tys fiajh lrk ;dla l,a&

foaYmd,k whs;sjdislñ wysñ wfhl=g ;ykñ lghq;='

 ue;sjrKhlg wfmaVILjhl= f,I bÈrm;a ùu'
 bÈßm;a jk wfmaCILhl=g l=uk wdldrfhka fyda wdOdr §u'
 ue;sjrKhlg l=uK fyda wdldrfhka ;uka fyda ;u ld,d;a;%hd ;ykñ l5shd j,g iyNdcS
Iu'
u;= ld,hl§ ue;sjrKhlg bÈrm;a ùug wfmCId lrk wfhl= Bg mQ¾j
lghql;=wdrñNlsßug rdcH fiajfha ;u ;k;=ßka b,a,d wia Ih hq;=h'

foaYmd,k whs;sjdislñ ysñ wfhl=g tajd Nd=la;s ùÈug yels whqre'

 foaYmd,k mCIKhl idudðl;ajh ,nd cekSu yd tlS lghq;= j,g iyNdcS ùu '
 foaYmd,kuh iajNdjfha lreKq cek woyia m, lSru" ,sms ,sùu" /iaùñ weu;s'
 ue;sjrKhlg ;rÕ lsßu'

ue;sjrK j,g bÈrm;a ùu fyda Pkao wfmaCIl;ajh ;yjqre lsru'

 bÈß ue;sjrkhlg bÈrm;a ùug wfmaCId lrk foaYmd,k whs;sjdislñ wysñ ks<odßhl= ;u
Pkao wfmaCIl;ajh ;yjqre lr cekSug woyia lrkafka kñ rdcH fiajfha ;ufd orK
;k;=frka b,a,d wiaIh hq;=' tfy;a wjqreoa 10 fyda Bg jeä fiajd ld,hla we;s
tjeks ks<Odßhl=g ckdëm;s$ md¾,sfñka;= $ m,d;aiNd $ m,d;amd,k ue;sjrKhlg
wfmaCIlhl= f,i bÈßm;a jkfkakñ kdu fhdackd m;a Ndr fok Èkg hg;a msrihska Èk
10 lg l,ska m;aùñ n,Orhdfj; okajd ue;sjrkhg kdufhdackd m;a Ndr§ug Èk 07 lg
fmr isg ;ud orK ;k;=frka IY%du c; yel' tysÈ rdchg f,Ihs hq;= fcIñ wemlr"
csIiqñ j,ska ksoyia Ih hq;=h' tfia IY%du hk wfhl=g jhi wjqreş 55 iñmqrk jk Èfha
isg IY%du jegqm yd mdßf;daIs;h ysñfI' ^ rd(mß( wxl( 07$2004&

 foaymd,k whs;sjdislñ ydñ rdcH fiajlhl= ckdëm;s$md¾,sfñka;=$m<d;aiNd ue;sjrKhl§

wfmaCIlhl= f,i bÈrm;ajkafka kñ kdufhdackd m;% Ndr cekSug Èk 10 lg l,ska
fomd¾;fñka;= m%Odrkshdg ,sÅ;j ±kaIh hq;=h' tIg kdufhdackd Èkg I;shlg fmr isg
uel;sjrK Èkh olajd jq ld,isudj olajd Tyqg jegqma rys; ksjdvq ,nd Èh hq;=h'
m,d;amd,k ue;sjrKhlg ;rÕ lsßug wfmaCId lrk rrdcH fiajlhl= kdu fhdackd m;a
Ndr ckakd Èkg Èk 01 lg l,ska j;a fomd¾;fñka;=m%Odkshdg ,sLS;j ±kaIh
hq;=h' kdufhdackdm;a Ndrcckakd Èkg fmr Èk isg ue;sjrK Èkh olajd Tyqg $ wehg
jegqma rys; ksjdvq ,nd Èh hq;=h' tjekafkl=g ksjdvq b,a¨ ñl rk jif¾oa Tyq ysñ fuf;la
,nd fkdc;a idukHd ksjdvq
;sfìkñ tjd,nd c; yel'

29
foaYmd,k whs;sjdislñ ysñ rdcH fiajlhl= ue;sjrKhl§ chc%ykh lr iNdl OQr hg f;drdm;a lr
c;aIg ,nd c; yels jrm%ido fyda wkqcukh l< hq;= lreKQ'

md¾,sfñka;= uka;%sjrhl= f,i f;dardm;a lr c;a whqre tfia m;a jk Èk isg rcfha orñka isI
;k;=frka b,a,d wiajk f,i Tyqg $wehg kshu l<hq;=h'

 m<d;a iNdjl iNslhl= f,i f;dardm;a lr fck we;akñ

^w& Tyq m<;a iNdfI iNslhl= jYfhka isIk ;dlal,a jegqma rys; ksjdvq msg tu m<d;a
iNdfI iNdlhl= f,i fiajh lsru yejk mßÈ mQ¾K ld,Sk m,okula hgf;a uqod y, yel'
tfia ke;akñ udkm mßÈ
^wd& Tyq m,d;a iNdjg f;aÍm;a jk Èkh jk f;la rdcH fiajfhys fiajh lsßu ksid IY%u
jegmq m%;s,dn,eîug fiajd ld,h ;;=re ±ßu iaÒrlr ;sîu wdÈ ish¨ w;ska isşiafil=
jkafka kñ ^m<d;aiNdfI iNdl ;;a;jh wjika jk f;la IY%du m%;s,dN wysu jk moku
hgf;a& Tyqg IY%du jegqma m%;s,dN ysñjk mßÈ rcfha fiajh yer cshd fia ie,lsh yel'
 m<d;a iNd iNsl OQrh oroa§ Tyq ñh csh fyda;a Tyq m<d;a iNdjg iNdlfhl= f,i
m;aùug fmr Èk ñh cshd fia i,ld IY%du m%;s,dN Tyqfca hefmkakkag fcIh yel' ^
r(mß(wxl 01$89^1& p'f,a'&
 m<d;amd,k wdh;khl Wm iNdm;sjrfhl= f,i f;aÍm;aj we;s rdcH fiajlhl= rch orñka
isgs k;;=r orñka isgh§u m<d;amd,k wdh;kfha /iaùu j,g iyNdcS ùug yd
wkqnoaO lghq;= j, i|yd uilg Èk 05 la jegqma iys; ksjdvq ,nd Èh yel'
^r(mß(p'f,a' wxl 13$2007& fiajfha $Ikh wjYH;djhkag hg;aj iNsl OQrh orK f;la
idudkHd udreùñ j,g hg;a fkdfI' m<d;a md,k wdh;k ld¾hd,hg wdikak ;eklg
udreùfñ wkqc%yh we;'
^r(mß( p'f,a'10$2002&

foaYmd,k whs;djdislñ we;s ks<Odßhl=g udre lsßñ iñnkaOfhka fok wkqc%dyh'

ms<sc;a foaYmd,k mCIhl uOHu ldrl iNdfI

iNdm;s"WmiNdm;s"f,alñ"Wmf,alñ"fyda Ndkavdcdrl f,I f;dardm;a l, wfhl=g tu mCIfha
uOHu ldrl iNd uQ,ia;dkhg wdika ld¾hd,hl fiajh lsßug wkqc%yh ,nd Èh hq;=h' Tyq
idudkH udre jHdjia:dj,g hg;a fkdfI'

ks;s m;sfca Wmfoia yd woyia'

 kS;sm;a Wmfoia yd woyia Iuik Ig fufia b,a,d isIkafka l=uk lrekla ceko hka ms,Sn|
j meyeÈ,sj i|yka l, hq;=h' ld¾hd, fcdkqjla bÈrm;a lrkakfka kñ fhduq Iia;ro i|
ykal, hq;=h' ldrKhg wod, iñmq¾K isoaI m%ldYhla Tyq fj; heIh hq;=h'
 kS;s m;sfcka l,am;s lreK qcek Wmfoia b,a,d fkdishh hq;=h'
 we;a jYfkau mek kecS we;s m%YaKhg wod, lrekq ñi wd{d kS;sj, w¾:
ksrEmkh iñnkaofhka kS;s m;s fkdIuish hq;=h'
 flgqñm;a wjia:dfI mj;sk kS;s ms<Sn|j kS;sm;s Wmfoia fkdb,a,sh hq;=h' tfy;a mek ùug
woyia lrk kS;shla iñnkaO kS;s uq, or¾u cek Tyq Wmfoia fokq we;'
 kS;sm;sfca mQ¾j ,sÇ; wkque;sh fkd,nd Tyq ,nd şka kS;s Wmfoila lsisu m<d;amd,k
wdh;khlg rdcH ixia;Djlg fmnoac,sl wdh;khlg fyda mqoac,hl=f kd±kaIh hq;=h'

Wmldrl kS;s
rcfha fiajlfhl=fca idudkH yeisrSu ms<sn|j m%Odk ud;Dld 10 la hgf;a olajd we;( -
 fuu jcka;sfha Wmldrl kS;shla hkq Í;shla"frc=,dishla "w;=re jHjia:djla ksfhdachla jeks
oEh'
 wud;HdxYhlg fyda wIldßhlg wjYH jk lsishñ Wmldr kS;shl fldgqñm; ilia
l, hq;af;a

30