Secondary Health 7 Q4 Module 1

Health Assessment (Far Eastern University)

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 7
HEALTH

QUARTER 4 – MODULE 1
MELC: Explain non-communicable diseases based on cause and effect, signs
and symptoms, risk factors and protective
complications.factors and possible

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PART I.
A. Introduction
Disease is a particular abnormal condition and a disorder of a structure or function, that affects part
or all organisms. It is often interpreted as a medical condition associated with specific symptoms and signs.
There are two categories of disease. Communicable diseases are caused by pathogen or disease-causing
organisms and can be transmitted from one person to another or from animals to people. Examples include
common cold, influenza, cholera, dengue fever, tuberculosis and warts. These diseases can be avoided by
taking preventive measures.
On the other hand, non-communicable disease (NCD) cannot be transmitted from one person to
another. Many of these diseases are caused by unhealthy lifestyle. Some do not cause problems until the
person is quite old. Examples of non-communicable disease include cardiovascular disease, cancer and
diabetes.
As a grade 7 student, it is your responsibility to impart knowledge and be an advocate for health to
your fellow students, family and the community that you live in.
With that responsibility on your shoulder, this module will help you to be equipped with vast
knowledge and understanding about cause and effect, signs and symptoms, risk factors and protective
factors and possible complications of allergy and asthma

B. Discussion
Non-communicable diseases are not caused by pathogens or disease-causing organisms such as bacteria
or viruses, but rather, by how people live, by the conditions with which they are born or by the hazards
around them. It also includes diseases caused by a breakdown of the body tissues (degenerative diseases),
poor diet, environmental and occupational hazards, stress tension.
ALLERGY
Causes & Effects of Allergy:
Allergy is a misguided reaction to foreign substances by the immune system. The allergic reaction is
misguided in that these foreign substances are usually harmless. The substances that trigger allergy are
called allergen. Examples includes pollens, dust mite, molds, dander and certain foods. People prone to
allergies are said to be allergic.
a. Hay fever (allergic rhinitis) is the most common of the allergic diseases and is characterized by
seasonal nasal symptoms that are due to pollens. Year round or perennial allergic rhinitis is usually
due to indoor allergens, such as dust mites or molds. Symptoms result from the inflammation of the
tissues that line the inside of the nose (mucus lining or membranes) after allergens are inhaled.
Adjacent areas, such as the ears, sinuses, and throat can also be involved.
b. Allergic conjunctivitis is inflammation of the tissue layers (membranes) that cover the surface of the
eyeball and the undersurface of the eyelid. The inflammation occurs as a result of an allergic
reaction.
c. Allergic eczema is a rash that is usually caused by skin contact with an allergen.
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 d. Hives (urticaria) are skin reactions that appear as itchy swellings and can occur on any part of the
body. Hives can be caused by an allergic reaction, such as to a food or medication, but they also may
occur in non-allergic people.
e. Allergic shock or anaphylactic shock is a life-threatening reaction that can affect a number of
organs at the same time. It typically occurs when the allergen is eaten (for example, foods) or
injected (for example, a bee sting). Allergic shock is caused by dilated and leaky bloods vessels,
which result in a drop in blood pressure.
Signs and Symptoms of Allergy
a. Hay Fever
d. Hives (urticaria)
• Runny nose • Nasal itching (rubbing)
• Raised red welts or swollen mark
• Stuffy nose • Itchy ears and throat
• Intense itching
• Sneezing • Post nasal drip
e. Allergic Shock
b. Allergic conjunctivitis
• Hives or reddish discoloration of the skin
• Redness under the lids and the eyes
• Nasal congestion
• Watery, itchy eyes
• Swelling of the throat
• Swelling of the membranes
• Stomach pain, nausea, vomiting
• Shortness of breath, wheezing (breathed with a
c. Allergic eczema
whistling sound in the chest)
• Itching, redness, and or dryness of the skin
• Low blood pressure
• Rash on the face, especially among children
• Rash around the eyes, in the elbow creases,
and behind the knees, especially in adults
Risk Factors of Allergy
Protective Factors or Treatment of Allergy
You might be more likely to develop an allergy if
 Allergen avoidance.
you:
 Medications.
 Have a family history of asthma or allergies,
 Immunotherapy.
such as hay fever, hives or eczema
 Are a child
 Have asthma or another allergic condition
Possible Complications of Allergy
Having an allergy increases your risk of certain other medical problems, including:
 Anaphylaxis. If you have severe allergies, you're at increased risk of this serious allergy-
induced reaction. Foods, medications and insect stings are the most common triggers of
anaphylaxis.
 Asthma. If you have an allergy, you're more likely to have asthma — an immune system
reaction that affects the airways and breathing. In many cases, asthma is triggered by
exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma).
 Sinusitis and infections of the ears or lungs. Your risk of getting these conditions is higher
if you have hay fever or asthma.

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 ASTHMA
Causes & Effects of Asthma
Asthma is a chronic lung disorder that causes airways (the tubes that carry air into and out of the lungs)
to become inflamed, which means that they swell and produce lots of thick mucus. The muscles
surrounding the airways also tend to tighten, which makes the clogged airways even narrower.
Signs & Symptoms of Asthma
The following are the signs and symptoms of asthma:
• Shortness of breath • Wheezing • Coughing • Chest tightness
Risk Factors for Asthma
 Family history. If you have a parent with asthma, you are three to six times more likely to develop
asthma than someone who does not have a parent with asthma.
 Viral respiratory infections. Respiratory problems during infancy and childhood can cause
wheezing. Some children who experience viral respiratory infections go on to develop chronic
asthma.
 Allergies. Having an allergic condition, such as atopic dermatitis (eczema) or allergic rhinitis (hay
fever), is a risk factor for developing asthma.
 Occupational exposures. If you have asthma, exposures to certain elements in the workplace can
cause asthma symptoms. And, for some people, exposure to certain dusts (industrial or wood dusts),
chemical fumes and vapors, and molds can cause asthma to develop for the very first time.
 Smoking. Cigarette smoke irritates the airways. Smokers have a high risk of asthma. Those whose
mothers smoked during pregnancy or who were exposed to secondhand smoke are also more likely
to have asthma.
 Air Pollution. Exposure to the main component of smog (ozone) raises the risk for asthma. Those
who grew up or live in urban areas have a higher risk for asthma.
 Obesity. Children and adults who are overweight or obese are at a greater risk of asthma. Although
the reasons are unclear, some experts point to low-grade inflammation in the body that occurs with
extra weight. Obese patients often use more medications, suffer worse symptoms and are less able to
control their asthma than patients in a healthy weight range.
C. Readings
Protective Factors or Treatment of Asthma
Treatments for asthma fall into three primary categories:
1. Breathing Exercises-these exercises can help the patient get more air into and out of his lungs.
Over time, this may help increase lung capacity and cut down on severe asthma symptoms.
2. Quick-Acting Treatments-These medications should only be used in the event of asthma
symptoms or an attack. They provide quick relief to help you breathe again.

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  Bronchodilators- work within minutes to relax the tightened muscles around your airwaves.
They can be taken as an inhaler (rescue) or nebulizer.
3. Long-Term Asthma Control Medications- These medications, taken daily, help reduce the
number and severity of your asthma symptoms, but they don’t manage the immediate symptoms of
an attack.
Long-term asthma control medications include the following:
 Anti-inflammatories. Taken with an inhaler, corticosteroids and other anti-inflammatory
medications help reduce swelling and mucus production in your airwaves, making it
easier to breathe.
 Anticholinergics. These helps stop your muscles from tightening around your airwaves.
They’re usually taken daily in combination with anti-inflammatories.
 Long-acting bronchodilators. These should only be used in combination with anti-
inflammatory asthma medications.
 Biologic therapy drugs. These new, injectable medications may help people with
severe asthma.
Possible Complications of Asthma
Complications that can cause lifestyle disruption:
1. Sleep. Some people with asthma experience most of their symptoms during the night. Over
time, this can lead to serious sleep deprivation. Chronic lack of sleep impedes the ability to
function properly at work and school. It can be especially dangerous if you need to drive or
operate machinery.
2. Physical activity. Asthma may keep some people from participating in exercise or sports. A
lack of exercise also increases your risk for:
 Diabetes  weight gain
 high blood pressure  depression

D. Examples

Lungs of Asthmatic Person Example of Medication
Source: tinyurl.com/3ejk8cuw
of Asthma (Inhaler)
Source: tinyurl.com/amrhjtvc
Antihistamine: Medication
for Allergies
Example of Food Allergy
Source: tinyurl.com/4pch5f59
Source: tinyurl.com/rfmmjx6f

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PART II. ACTIVITY PROPER
Activity 1. Semantic Web Completion
Directions: Write down words or phrases that describe Non-Communicable Diseases. Write the words or
phrases inside the circles of the semantic web.

NON-
COMMUNICABLE
DISEASES

Activity 2. Concept Map Completion

A. Directions: Identify the types of allergy by completing the Concept Map below. Write your answer
on the boxes.
1.

2.

ALLERGY 3.

4.

5.

B. Directions: Identify the risk and protective factors of asthma by completing the Concept Map
below. Write your answer on the boxes.
ASTHMA

POSSIBLE PROTECTIVE
COMPLICATIONS
FACTORS

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KEY TO CORRECTIONS

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PART III. SUMMATIVE EVALUATION
A. Multiple Choice. Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the letter of your answer on
the space before the number. Use CAPITAL LETTERS only.
1. These are diseases are not caused by pathogens or disease-causing organisms.
A. Communicable Disease B. Non-Communicable Disease
C. Illness D. Sickness
2. It is a particular abnormal condition and disorder of a structure or function that affects some or all
parts of an organism.
A. Disorder B. Disease C. Illness D. Sickness
3. Which of the following statements does not describe non-communicable disease?
A. It is caused by pathogen.
B. It is a consequence of unhealthy lifestyle.
C. It cannot be transmitted from one person to another.
D. It is a consequence of behavioral and hereditary factors.
4. Which is not a causative factor for non-communicable disease?
A. Virus B. Poor diet C. Stress D. Environmental Hazzard
5. It is a disease that is misguided reaction to foreign substances by the immune system that are
usually harmless.
A. Allergy B. Asthma C. Diabetes D. Renal Failure
6. It is a condition in which inflammation causes the bronchi to swell and the airways narrow.
A. Asthma B. Arthritis C. Diabetes D. Stroke
7. These are skin reactions that appear as itchy swellings and can occur on any part of the body.
A. Allergy B. Hives C. Psoriasis D. Skin Asthma
8. Laura woke up with rashes and itchy swellings on her face. She remembered that she attended a
birthday party of her friend and ate foods causing allergic reaction. What do you think is she experiencing?
A. Allergic Eczema B. Asthma C. Hay Fever D. Hives
9. Your friend is asthmatic, what do you think he/she should do to prevent an attack?
A. Exercise B. Manage stress C. Eat a balanced diet D. All the choices
10. Asthma is also a form of allergy. Is the statement correct?
A. Yes, the statement is correct. C. The statement is seldom true.
B. No, the statement is incorrect. D. The statement is just a comment.

B. Fact or Bluff. Directions: Identify whether the underlined word in the statement is correct or incorrect.
Write Fact if the statement/word is correct and Bluff if the statement/word is incorrect. Write your answer
on the space before the number.
1. One of the symptoms of asthma is wheezing.
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 2. Being obese is one of the risk factors of asthma.
3. Allergic conjunctivitis is the most common of the allergic diseases and is characterized by
seasonal nasal symptoms that are due to pollens.
4. Anticholinergics helps reduce swelling and mucus production in your airwaves, making it
easier to breathe for patients with asthma.
5. Runny nose is also a sign and symptoms of allergic shock.

C. Complete Me! Directions: Complete the table below by identifying one risk factor and protective factor
of asthma and allergy. Then explain each identified factor. You will gain points by using the rubric below.
Name of Disease Risk Factor (2pts.) Protective Factor (3pts.)
1. Allergy

2. Asthma

Rubrics:
Criteria Excellent Very Good Good Fair Poor POINTS
10 6 8 4 2
Ideas and Substantial, specific Sufficiently Limited content Limited content There is no clear or
Content and/or illustrative develop content with adequate with limited specific
content with adequate elaboration or elaboration or explanation of
demonstrating elaboration or explanation. explanation. More answer to the
strong (deep) explanation. Specific specific question.
analysis of the information is information is
topics. needed or needed needed or needed
to follow the to follow the
directions more directions more
closely. closely.
Writing- Sentences are Sentences are Some sentences Sentences are Sentences were
Sentence complete and they complete and are complete and incomplete or too short and did not
Fluency: connect to one able to be easy to long. It makes flow well.
Length, another easily when understood. understand. reading them Sentence structure
variety and they are read out difficult. did not change.
flow of loud.
writing
Grammar, Used scholarly, Used scholarly Made 8-10 Made more than Few end marks or
Spelling, and topic-specific vocabulary. mistakes using 10 spelling, capital letters.
other vocabulary and Made less than end marks or grammar, Answers contain
Mechanics made no spelling, 8 spelling, capitals as well as capitalization, or numerous spelling
(Punctuation grammar, grammar, spelling. Errors punctuation or structural errors.
and capitalization, or capitalization, exist in your errors. Mistakes Mistakes make the
Capitalization) punctuation errors. or punctuation answer. make the writing writing very hard
Used personal errors. Few hard to read. to read.
style and feeling. errors exist in
your answer.
TOTAL

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REFERENCES:
Books
 Naida C. Pabelico, Fernan Lanzaderas, Mark Kenneth Camiling and Alcar E. Saraza. 2017.
Physical Education and Health-Grade 7 Learner’s Material. FEP Printing Corporation.

Online and Other Sources

 https://tinyurl.com/a4w5yz4m
 https://www.healthline.com/health/asthma#treatment
 https://www.healthline.com/health/asthma-complications#lifestyle

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 HEALTH 7 QUARTER 4 MODULE
1 ANSWER KEY
SUMMATIVE EVALUATION

A. Multiple Choice.
B. Fact or Bluff
1. A 6. A
1. Fact
2. B 7. B
2. Fact
3. A 8. D
3. Bluff
4. A 9. D
4. Bluff
5. A 10. A
5. Bluff

C. Complete Me!
Name of Disease Risk Factor (2pts.) Protective Factor (3pts.)
1. Allergy Family History Allergen Avoidance
- You will most likely develop allergies - You need to avoid allergens for your
when your parents / relatives have allergy to not be triggered.
allergies. It is hereditary.
2. Asthma Obesity Breathing Exercise
- Due to decreased physical activities - This one is the first-aid of asthma. It may
which triggers asthma, the person with help in calming the patient.
asthma may have a chance to be obese.
Note: Students’ answer may vary. Teacher may consider other related answers.
Use the Rubrics on page 8 in checking the answers.

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