Basic Mathematics Guide

Algebra
1. Basic Algebra: Number Fields, Arithmetic Operations, Order of Operations

In basic algebra, we deal primarily with numbers and the basic arithmetic operations: addition,

subtraction, multiplication, and division.

Number Fields:

- Natural Numbers: 1, 2, 3, ...

- Integers: ..., -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, ...

- Rational Numbers: Any number that can be expressed as the quotient of two integers.

- Real Numbers: Includes both rational and irrational numbers.

Arithmetic Operations:

- Addition (+)

- Subtraction (-)

- Multiplication (*)

- Division (/)

Order of Operations (PEMDAS/BODMAS):

1. Parentheses/Brackets

2. Exponents/Orders

3. Multiplication and Division

4. Addition and Subtraction

2. Factoring

Factoring is the process of breaking down a number or expression into products of its factors.
Examples:

- \( 12 = 2 imes 6 \)

- \( 15 = 3 imes 5 \)

- \( x^2 + 5x + 6 = (x + 2)(x + 3) \)