Disaster management

Cyclone
By-Rehansh Hissaria
 ◦ Definition of ‘Disaster’
◦ Definition of 'Cyclones'
◦ What is a disaster management cycle?
◦ Causes
INDEX ◦ Do’s and don’ts
◦ Prevention and mitigation measures
◦ Latest means of forecasting Disasters
◦ A recent case study on cyclone- 'Biparjoy'
A DISASTER IS A SERIOUS PROBLEM OCCURRING OVER A PERIOD OF TIME
THAT CAUSES WIDESPREAD HUMAN, MATERIAL, ECONOMIC OR
ENVIRONMENTAL LOSS WHICH EXCEEDS THE ABILITY OF THE AFFECTED
COMMUNITY OR SOCIETY TO COPE USING ITS OWN RESOURCES.
WHAT IS A CYCLONE ?

IN METEOROLOGY, A
CYCLONE IS A LARGE AIR
MASS THAT ROTATES
AROUND A STRONG CENTER
OF LOW ATMOSPHERIC
PRESSURE,
COUNTERCLOCKWISE IN THE
NORTHERN HEMISPHERE AND
CLOCKWISE IN THE
SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE AS
VIEWED FROM ABOVE.
CYCLONES ARE
CHARACTERIZED BY INWARD-
SPIRALING WINDS THAT
ROTATE ABOUT A ZONE OF
LOW PRESSURE.
WHAT IS A DISASTER MANAGEMENT
CYCLE ?

THE DISASTER MANAGEMENT

CYCLE IS A SERIES OF STEPS THAT
ORGANIZATIONS AND INDIVIDUALS
USE TO PREPARE, CONTAIN AND
MITIGATE UNEXPECTED EVENTS.
THESE CAN INCLUDE NATURAL
DISASTERS, UNEXPECTED DAMAGE
TO PROPERTY OR EVENTS THAT
OTHERWISE ENDANGER THE LIVES
OF OTHERS
Causes of cyclones
◦ Warm and moist air over the ocean rises upward due to less density, leaving less air
near the ocean surface,As a result, it starts to create a low-pressure zone.
◦ Due to the surrounding high-pressure areas, air flows into this low-pressure and
eventually warms up, forming a cycle.
◦ With the constant heating rising of the warm air and evaporation process, the entire
cloud and wind system starts to spin and grow.
◦ With acquiring more speed, the eye of the cyclone starts to form in the centre. This
central zone signifies the lowest air pressure area and is calm and clear. Further, the
high-pressure air from above flows towards this region.
 LISTEN TO THE RADIO (ALL INDIA RADIO
STATIONS GIVE WEATHER WARNINGS).
KEEP MONITORING THE WARNINGS. THIS
WILL HELP YOU PREPARE FOR A CYCLONE
EMERGENCY.
PASS THE INFORMATION TO OTHERS.
IGNORE RUMOURS AND DO NOT SPREAD
THEM; THIS WILL HELP TO AVOID PANIC
SITUATIONS.
BELIEVE IN THE OFFICIAL INFORMATION
WHEN A CYCLONE ALERT IS ON FOR YOUR
AREA CONTINUE NORMAL WORKING BUT
STAY ALERT TO THE RADIO WARNINGS.
STAY ALERT FOR THE NEXT 24 HOURS AS A
CYCLONE ALERT MEANS THAT THE
DANGER IS WITHIN 24 HOURS.
• Avoid being misled by
rumours.
• Don’t leave shelters until
informed by the rescue
personals.
• Don’t leave the safer place
during lull, however minor
repairs can be carried out.
• Don’t touch the loose and
dangling wire from lamp
post, it may have electric
current.
Latest means
of forecasting Cyclone

◦ Meteorologists around the world use modern

technology, such as satellites, weather radars and
computers, to track tropical cyclones as they
develop. Tropical cyclones may be difficult to
forecast, as they can suddenly weaken or change
their course. However, meteorologists use state-
of-art technologies and develop modern
techniques such as numerical weather prediction
models to forecast how a tropical cyclone evolves,
including its movement and change of intensity;
when and where one will hit land and at what
speed. Official warnings are then issued by
the National Meteorological Services of the
countries concerned.
 LATEST
MEANS OF FORECASTING DISASTER

• With forecasting, the technique has improved in

the field of forecasting like there are algorithms
written in programming languages.
• That can analyse a large amount of data and Process
the result and make Prediction in a short interval of
time.
• Data Collected through GIS System also help
in rearing for disaster and responding to natural
disaster.
• Analysing the data collected for a long and using it to
make a plan and 'predict the possible weather' and
its effects is Known as Forecasting.
 PREVENTION AND
MITIGATION MEASURES

CHECK THE HOUSE; SECURE LOOSE TILES

AND CARRY OUT REPAIRS OF DOORS
AND WINDOWS
REMOVE DEAD BRANCHES OR DYING
TREES CLOSE TO THE HOUSE; ANCHOR
REMOVABLE OBJECTS SUCH AS
LUMBER PILES, LOOSE TIN SHEETS,
LOOSE BRICKS, GARBAGE CANS, SIGN-
BOARDS ETC. WHICH CAN FLY IN
STRONG WINDS
KEEP SOME WOODEN BOARDS READY SO
THAT GLASS WINDOWS CAN BE
BOARDED IF NEEDED
KEEP A HURRICANE LANTERN FILLED
WITH KEROSENE, BATTERY OPERATED
TORCHES AND ENOUGH DRY CELLS
DEMOLISH CONDEMNED BUILDINGS
KEEP SOME EXTRA BATTERIES FOR
TRANSISTORS
KEEP SOME DRY NON-PERISHABLE FOOD
ALWAYS READY FOR USE IN
EMERGENCY
A
RECENT CAS
E STUDY ON
CYCLONES
• Current
cyclone: Biparjoy
◦ On June 6, 2023 at 11:30 am, cyclone named Biparjoy
was formed in the Arabian Sea with an initial wind speed
of 94 km/h. The storm system initially moved north at 9
km/h and reached a diameter of 283 kilometers.

◦ After making landfall on June 15, 2023, in western India

as a severe cyclonic storm, Cyclone Biparjoy’s winds
began to weaken. However, intense rains continued to
pour down on parts of Gujarat, Rajasthan, and Madhya
Pradesh over the next several days as the slow-moving
storm moved inland and toward the northeast, triggering
widespread flooding.

◦ Flooding was visible on June 21 (right) when

the Moderate Resolution Imaging
Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA’s Aqua satellite
passed over the region. The same area is shown on June
9 (left), before Biparjoy moved ashore. In these false-
color images, which use MODIS bands 7-2-1, areas
flooded with sediment-laden water appear greenish blue.
Water with less suspended sediment appears dark blue.
The large light blue areas in the June 9 image are dry
natural salt pans. The rectangular features on the left
side of the images are evaporation ponds used to
produce salt.
 Biparjoy
◦ Water pooled in low-lying wildlife sanctuaries and salt flats in the
area, including the Great Rann of Kutch. But water also swept
through towns and cities surrounding these sparsely populated areas.
In the process, it flooded tens of thousands of homes, caused power
outages, swamped farmland, and displaced tens of thousands of
people. The Indian news outlet ETV Bharat even reported a sharp
increase in snake bites in one part of Rajasthan because of the
flooding.

◦ According to the India Meteorological Department, Cyclone Biparjoy

was one of the longest-lived cyclones ever observed in the North
Indian Ocean. The average lifespan of a tropical cyclone in this region
is six days and three hours; Biparjoy persisted for 13 days and three
hours, nearly topping a 1977 storm that lasted for 14 days and six
hours.

◦ Cyclones in the Arabian Sea are relatively rare, although they are
becoming more frequent with rising sea surface temperatures.
A 2021 study led by researchers in India found that cyclones over the
last four decades have become more frequent and have lasted longer.
The researchers found that ocean temperatures were linked to this
change.

◦ NASA Earth Observatory image by Wanmei Liang, using MODIS

data from NASA EOSDIS LANCE and GIBS/Worldview. Story
by Adam Voiland.
Conclusion
◦ A disaster prevention and recovery plan is not a substitute for the good sense, sound management, and creativity that are
required when responding to a disaster or crisis. The format and elements of a disaster plan vary widely from the
comprehensive disaster plan of a multi-national corporation with complex legal, insurance, information, and security needs to
the brief disaster prevention and recovery guide for small organizations or departments.
Start your plan by following a disaster prevention and recovery guide and obtain needed training. Here are basic rules to
follow:

◦ Obtain support for the plan from senior management

◦ Form a committee and write the plan

◦ Update information as needed

◦ Obtain supplies, equipment and resources to support recovery efforts

◦ Test the plan periodically

◦ Outline the plan's activation

◦ Involve management and staff from every department, division or business housed in the facility

◦ While no disaster plan assures successful resumption of business operations, such a plan greatly tips the odds in favor of
survival or recovery. Prior identification and protection of vital records, a clear plan for reconstruction and salvaging these
records, and prior thought about the necessary steps to take after a disaster allows a department to enter a crisis situation
with confidence and direction.
 ◦ en.wikipedia.org
◦ Gpm.nasa.gov
◦ www.indeed.com
◦ Ndma.gov.in
◦ Public.wmo.int
Biblography
◦ www.brainly.in
◦ Karaikal.gov.in
◦ Earthobservatory.nasa.gov
◦ www.umsystem.edu