### Bicycles

#### Overview
Bicycles, commonly referred to as bikes, are human-powered vehicles with two
wheels, a frame, handlebars, and a seat. They are used for transportation,
recreation, exercise, and sport. The basic design of bicycles has remained
relatively unchanged since the late 19th century, though advancements in materials
and technology have improved their performance and comfort.

#### Types of Bicycles

Bicycles come in various types, each designed for specific uses and terrains:

- **Road Bikes**: Lightweight bikes with thin tires and drop handlebars, designed
for speed on paved roads. They are commonly used for long-distance riding and
racing.
- **Mountain Bikes**: Built for off-road cycling, these bikes have sturdy frames,
wide tires with deep treads, and suspension systems to absorb shocks from rough
terrain.
- **Hybrid Bikes**: A blend of road and mountain bikes, hybrids are versatile and
suitable for a variety of surfaces, including paved roads and light trails. They
typically have flat handlebars and medium-width tires.
- **Cruiser Bikes**: Known for their comfortable, upright riding position and wide,
cushioned seats, cruiser bikes are ideal for casual riding on flat terrain.
- **BMX Bikes**: Small, durable bikes designed for stunt riding, racing, and off-
road cycling. They have a compact frame and are highly maneuverable.
- **Electric Bikes (E-Bikes)**: Equipped with an electric motor to assist with
pedaling, e-bikes are becoming increasingly popular for commuting and recreational
riding, offering an extra boost on hills and long distances.
- **Folding Bikes**: These bikes can be folded into a compact size, making them
convenient for storage and transport. They are especially popular among urban
commuters.
- **Recumbent Bikes**: Featuring a reclining seat, recumbent bikes provide a
comfortable riding position and are often used for long-distance cycling and
touring.

#### Health and Environmental Benefits

- **Health Benefits**: Cycling is an excellent form of exercise that improves
cardiovascular health, strengthens muscles, enhances joint mobility, and reduces
stress. It is low-impact and suitable for people of all ages.
- **Environmental Impact**: Bicycles are eco-friendly as they produce no emissions
and require no fuel, helping to reduce air pollution and traffic congestion. They
are a sustainable mode of transportation that contributes to a cleaner environment.

#### Components and Maintenance

- **Frame**: The core structure of the bike, typically made from materials such as
steel, aluminum, carbon fiber, or titanium.
- **Wheels**: Consist of rims, spokes, and tires. Proper tire maintenance,
including regular inflation and checking for wear, is crucial for safe riding.
- **Drivetrain**: Includes pedals, chain, chainrings, cassette, and derailleurs,
which work together to transfer power from the rider to the wheels. Regular
cleaning and lubrication are important for smooth operation.
- **Brakes**: Essential for safety, brakes come in various types, such as rim
brakes, disc brakes, and drum brakes. Regular inspection and adjustment ensure
effective stopping power.
- **Suspension**: Found on mountain bikes and some hybrids, suspension systems
(forks and shocks) absorb bumps and