347-06617

Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer

SALD-3101
Operation Manual
[Software Section]

WingSALD-3101
(SALD-3101-WEA1)
V1.00
(Measuring range: 0.05-3000µm)

Shimadzu Corporation
Testing & Weighing Equipment Division
1.Introduction...................................................................................................................................3

2. Specifications ..............................................................................................................................5
2.1 Hardware Configuration ............................................................................................... 5
2.2 Software Configuration................................................................................................. 6
2.3 Software Processing .................................................................................................... 6
3. System Set-up.............................................................................................................................7
3.1 Hardware Settings........................................................................................................ 7
3.2 Software Installation (from CD-ROM)........................................................................... 7
3.3 Software Installation (from floppy disks)....................................................................... 8
3.4 Delete Software (uninstall) ........................................................................................... 9
4. Outline of Wing-1 [Standard Data Processing] ..................................................................10
4.1 Start-up ...................................................................................................................... 10
4.2 Exit ............................................................................................................................. 11
5. Measurement (Wing-1)............................................................................................................12
5.1 Outline........................................................................................................................ 12
5.2 Manual Measurement ................................................................................................ 15
5.3 Re-Calculation of Particle Size Distribution ................................................................ 18
5.4 Set Measuring Conditions .......................................................................................... 19
5.5 Change Refractive Index Parameter .......................................................................... 20
6. Set Sample ID, # and Comment (Wing-1) .............................................................................21

7. Particle Size Distribution Data Display (Wing-1)...................................................................22

7.1 Outline........................................................................................................................ 22
7.2 Particle Size Distribution Data.................................................................................... 22
7.3 Output Options........................................................................................................... 23
7.4 Graph Options............................................................................................................ 25
7.5 Particle Size Distribution Table (Format 1)................................................................. 26
7.6 Particle Size Distribution Table (Format 2)................................................................. 27
8. Light Intensity Distribution Data Display (Wing-1) ................................................................28

9. Data Management (Wing-1)....................................................................................................29

9.1 Outline........................................................................................................................ 29
9.2 Save Data .................................................................................................................. 29
9.3 Open Data.................................................................................................................. 30
10. Set Environment (Wing-1).....................................................................................................31
10.1 Set Environment....................................................................................................... 31
10.2 Set Communications Options................................................................................... 33
11. Set Scale Tables of Diameter & Cumulative % (Wing-1)...................................................34

12. Diagnosis and Adjustment (Wing-1).....................................................................................36

13. Transfer to Clipboard (Wing-1) .............................................................................................37

14. Outline of Wing-2 [Multiple Data Processing] ..................................................................38

15. Open Data (Wing-2)...............................................................................................................42

1
16. Particle Size Distribution Data (Wing-2) ..............................................................................44

17. Light Intensity Distribution Data (Wing-2) ............................................................................47

18. Sort Data (Wing-2) .................................................................................................................49

19. Outline of Wing-3 [Extended Data Processing]................................................................50

20. Open Data (Wing-3)...............................................................................................................53

21. List Data File Titles (Wing-3).................................................................................................55

22. Statistical Data Processing (Wing-3) ...................................................................................56

23. Time Series Analysis (Wing-3) .............................................................................................59

24. Three-dimensional Graph (Wing-3)......................................................................................61

2
1.Introduction
The "Software Section" of this manual describes the WingSALD (WingSALD-3101) software for
the Shimadzu SALD-3101 Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer and the methods and sequences
for measuring particle size distribution and processing particle size distribution data.
Please read the "Hardware Section" of the manual for SALD-3101 main unit set-up and operation.
The SALD-3101 software is a 32-bit program fully designed for Windows 95/98/Me1. It is capable
of diverse and high-speed processing, display, and output of a large volume of particle size
distribution data and diffracted/scattered light intensity distribution data.

This software consists of the following three Wing subprograms.

Wing-1 [Standard Data Processing]

This controls the SALD-3101 main unit (measuring and sampler units) and measures particle size
distribution. The processing objects are single particle size distribution data and light intensity
distribution data.

Wing-2 [Multiple Data Processing]

This overlays particle size distribution data and light intensity distribution data. A maximum of 12
particle size distribution data and light intensity distribution data objects can be processed. It is also
capable of re-calculating 12 data objects.

Wing-3 [Extended Data Processing]

This carries out Statistical Data Processing and Time Series Analysis, and Three-dimensional
Graph display. A maximum of 200 particle size distribution data can be processed.

In all of the above subprograms, a clipboard can be used to transfer image or text data to other
applications, allowing creation of more graphics in documents and users individual data processing.

F olders (Directories) for storing data

When the program is started up and [Open] or [Save As] is selected, a folder titled "Data" is created
in the program folder (normally "WingSALD-3101"). Unless changed, all data are saved in this
folder.
When [Open] is selected, the contents of this folder are displayed. If the target folder is changed in
either the [Open] or [Save As] dialog box, the program asks if you wish to use the folder as a folder
for saving future data. If you select [Yes], the selected folder will be accessed in the [Open] or [Save
As] dialog box.

If you select [No], a data folder will not be changed.

If a data folder in a floppy disk has been selected, it may happen that the relevant floppy disk has
not been inserted in the drive. When the selected folder cannot be accessed the program will revert to
the original "Data" folder after displaying a warning message.

1
Windows is a registered trademark of US Microsoft Corporation.

3
 Transfer, Copy, Delete of Data
This software handles four types of data as shown below.

1) Particle size distribution data

2) Light intensity distribution data
3) Measuring conditions
4) Text files for comments

It actually reads and writes five types of data files with the extensions [DAT], [LDT], [CND],
[CMP], and [TXT] following the same file name.
The user does not have to be aware of the difference in the data files when using them in this
system. However, if you wish to access these files using Explorer, commercial file management
software, or an MS-DOS command, you must be aware that five data files with the same name but
different extensions exist.
When moving or copying data files to another folder, you must move or copy all five files with the
same name and different extensions and not just the file with the extension [DAT].
If you move or copy only the file with the extension [DAT], the file names will be displayed in the
dialog box of this software, but data cannot be stored.
When deleting files, in the same way, all five files must be deleted.
If you delete only the file with [DAT] extension, while the file name will be deleted from the file
list displayed in the dialog box of the software, actually four files will remain.

Save Data Warnings

In Wing-1 (Standard Data Processing), a warning message is displayed urging you to save data in
the following cases.
If you attempt to carry out further measurements without saving the results of a measurement.
If you attempt to Exit without saving the measurement results.
If you attempt to carry out further measurements without saving the results of the re-
calculations.
If you attempt to Exit without saving the re-calculation results.

There is no warning message if you attempt the next re-calculation without saving the
measurement results or re-calculation results.

In Wing-2 (Multiple Data Processing), since data is stored from the saved file for processing, the
measurement results will not be lost. For this reason, there is no warning message such as that
mentioned above.
After re-calculation, the particle size distribution will be changed but the diffracted/scattered light
intensity distribution data will be not.
As long as there is light intensity distribution data, particle size distribution data can be obtained
immediately by re-calculation using any required refractive index. Also, there may be cases of
frequent re-calculations of the 12 data for numerous refractive index changes. Should a warning
message be generated each time this happens, this would slow down operation.
For this reason, no warning message is displayed in Wing-2.

As there is no need to save data in files in the Wing-3 (Extended Data Processing), none of the
above warning messages are displayed.

4
2. Specifications
2.1 Hardware Configuration

Personal Computer

RS-232C
CH-1

SALD-3101 RS-232C
main unit

Measuring unit Sampler unit

Fig. 2.1 Hardware System Configuration

(1) SALD-3101 main unit

Measuring unit
Sampler unit
(2) Personal Computer
CPU : Pentium2 100 MHz or greater
Memory : Minimum 16 MB or more (when using with Word or Excel3, about 32 MB is
required)
Serial Port : 1 Ports (RS-232C compatible)
OS : Microsoft Windows 95/98/Me
(3) Color CRT display
15 inches or more (17 inches recommended)
(4) Printer
Compatible with Microsoft Windows 95/98/Me
(5) RS-232C cable (One come with the SALD-3101 main unit)

2
Pentium is a trademark of Intel Corporation.
3
Wor d and Excel are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.

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2.2 Software Configuration
(1) Wing-1 : Standard Data Processing Program
(2) Wing-2 : Multiple Data Processing Program
(3) Wing-3 : Extended Data Processing Program

2.3 Software Processing

Wing-1 (Standard Data Processing)

Particle size distribution measurement Single data
Particle size distribution re-calculation Single data
Light intensity distribution data real-time display Single data
Particle size distribution data real-time display Single data
Particle size distribution data display Single data
Light intensity distribution data display Single data
Diagnosis and Adjustment
Data transfer, using clipboard Particle size distribution data 1 data
Light intensity distribution data 1 data
Multi-screen display Not available

Wing-2 (Multiple Data Processing F unction)

Particle size distribution re-calculation
Particle size distribution data display
Light intensity distribution data display
Data transfer, using clipboard
Sorting data
Multi-screen display
Batch calculation of maximum 12 data and
single data individual calculation
Overlaying of maximum 12 data and
single data
Overlaying of maximum 12 data and
single data
Particle size distribution data maximum 12 data
Light intensity distribution data maximum 12 data
Sorting data by file name, sample ID, sample # or
refractive index
Available

Wing-3 (Extended Data Processing)

Statistical Data Processing Maximum 200 data
Overlaying of maximum 200 data
Time Series Analysis Maximum 200 data
Three-dimensional Graph Maximum 200 data
Data transfer, using clipboard Particle size distribution data maximum 200 data
Sorting data Sorting data by file name, sample ID, sample # or
refractive index
Multi-screen processing Available

Output options
Particle diameter ( m) number of divisions
Particle amount (%) number of divisions
Distribution standard (Dimension)
Cumulative distribution expression
Differential distribution expression
Smoothing levels
Distribution function fitting
Data shift
Fixed 51 divisions/101 divisions
Optional (can be set by user) 51 divisions 10 tables
Fixed 51 divisions
Optional (can be set by user) 51 divisions 10 tables
Number, length, area, volume
Oversize, Undersize
q, q/x, q/ logx
10 levels
Rosin-Rammler distribution,
logarithmic Gaussian distribution
10 levels

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3. System Set-up
This manual describes system settings under the following headings.
Hardware Settings
Software Installation (from CD-ROM)
Software Installation (from floppy disk)
We will also discuss the following topic.
Delete Software (uninstall)
The software can be installed from a CD-ROM or floppy disks. You do not have to do both.
General precautions for system set-up are given at the end of this chapter. Make sur e you refer
to these.

3.1 Hardware Settings

It is not necessary to set the baud rate of the PC main unit RS-232C port. Other settings related to
the RS-232C will be carried out using this software. See “Fig. 2.1 Hardware System Configuration”
for cable connections.

3.2 Software Installation (from CD-ROM)

Your PC must be connected to a CD-ROM drive in order to use this installation method.

(1) Start up Windows 95/98/Me and insert the CD-ROM of this software into the CD-ROM drive.
After a pause, the Windows 95/98/Me automatic executive function will start the set-up
program.

(2) If the set-up program fails to appear, this indicates that the Windows 95/98/Me automatic
executive function is turned off. Select [Add/Remove Programs] from the Control Panel and
select [Install...] from the [Add/Remove Programs Properties] dialog box. This enables
manual start of the set-up program.

(3) Continue operations following the instructions displayed on-screen.

(4) During set-up, the [Choose Destination Location] dialog box (Fig. 3.1) will appear. Initially,

" \Progr am Files\WingSALD-3101"

folder in the start up drive is set as a default target folder. To install in this location, click on
[Next>]. To change the installation location, click on [Browse…] and select the desired
location.

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 Fig. 3.1 Selecting an installation location

(5) Copying of files into the designated location will be initiated.

(6) When installation is successfully completed, the program folder for this WingSALD software
will appear on-screen. Double click on the icon of the program you have just installed and this
will start up. The program folder for this WingSALD software is registered in the Windows
95/98/Me desktop program menu. This allows you to re-open the WingSALD program folder
after you have closed it.

(7) You have to complete [Set Communications Options] before communicating with the SALD-
3101 main unit. See “10.2 Set Communications Options” for set-up.

3.3 Software Installation (from floppy disks)

This system does not provide installation floppy disks.
Therefore, in order to use a floppy disk for installation, you must first duplicate the installation
software from the CD-ROM onto several floppy disks.

(1) Use a PC that has both a CD-ROM drive and a 2HD floppy disk drive connected or built-in.

(2) The " \Program"

folder in the CD-ROM contains several folders (subfolders) which, in turn, contain installation
files divided to allow disk-by-disk duplication. The contents of each folder must be copied onto
several floppy disks.

(3) Start Explorer from the Windows 95/98/Me program menu.

(4) Double click on the folder in the CD-ROM named

" \Progr am\Disk 1"
in Explorer to open " Disk 1" .

(5) Copy all the files in the " Disk1" folder into the root directory of a floppy disk. There is no need
to create a folder in the floppy disk. Label the floppy disk "Disk 1."

8
 (6) In the same manner, copy all the contents of the " Disk 2" folder in the CD-ROM onto a floppy
disk and continue folder-to-disk copying with the remaining disk folders.

(7) Insert Disk1 into the floppy disk drive of the PC where the WingSALD-3101 software is to be
installed. Then select [Add/Remove Programs] from the Windows 95/98/Me Control Panel.

(8) Click on [Install...] of [Add/Remove Programs Properties] dialog box. Continue the operation
following the on-screen instructions. Apart from exchanging the floppy disks, the remaining
procedures are as for CD-ROM installation.

Precautions:
Execute the [Set Communications Options] in the following order.
(1)Start up Wing-1 [Standard Data Processing].
(2)Select the [Set Communications Opt] command from the [Options] menu to open the [Set
Communications Options] dialog box.

Fig. 3.2 Set Communications Options

Always connect the SALD-3101 measuring unit to CH-1 (channel 1).

3.4 Delete Software (uninstall)

This software can be deleted (uninstall), using standard Windows 95/98/Me procedures. The
uninstall procedure deletes software written into the hard disk. If the software is uninstalled and then
re-installed, all settings return to their default values. Therefore, avoid doing this unless for a good
reason. The procedures to uninstall are as follows.

(1) Select [Add/Remove Programs] from the Windows 95/98/Me Control Panel.

(2) Select [WingSALD-3101] from the [Add/Remove Programs Properties] dialog box and click
on [Install/Uninstall]. Continue operations following the on-screen instructions to uninstall the
software. Unless or until it is re-installed the software can no longer be used.

9
4. Outline of Wing-1 [Standard Data Processing]
4.1 Start-up
First check that the SALD-3101 measuring unit is connected to the PC via RS-232C cable. Then
turn on all power switches.

When Wing-1 the [Standard Data Processing] program is started, the [Display Data] screen
appears as shown in Fig. 4.1. Since there is no actual data saved at that time, only the cells of the
graphs and tables are displayed.

Fig. 4.1 Data display mode screen

Wing-1 has three modes as shown below.

Data Display mode
Manual Measurement mode
Diagnosis and Adjustment mode
Switch between these modes when required during operation.

After the mode is selected one of three dialogue bars as shown in Fig. 4.2 is displayed in the right
side of the screen. Items in the dialogue bars are identical to those in the normal menu and the pull-
down menu. These dialogue bars enable easy display and selection of frequently used processes and
the basic measuring tasks can be carried out using the items in these.

10
 (a)Data Display (b)Manual Measurement (c)Diagnosis, Adjustment

Fig. 4.2 Dialogue bars for the three modes

These dialogue bars are not used in Wing-2 or Wing-3.

If during SALD-3101 and program (Wing-1) operation the measuring unit of the SALD-3101
should be disconnected from the PC for some reason (e.g. communication cable is pulled out from
connectors), press the reset button on the SALD-3101 main unit and select [F ile] - [System Restart].
During system restart, all data is backed up in memory and the Blank Intensity are also maintained.

4.2 Exit
To Exit the program, select the [Exit] command from the [F ile] menu.
However, before exiting the program, do not turn off the power supply to the SALD-3101 main unit.
Should you mistakenly do so, the CRT screen display will remain frozen at [End measuring unit
control] or [End Sampler control]. If this happens, press the <ESC> key to exit the program.

11
5. Measurement (Wing-1)
5.1 Outline
Fig. 5.1 is a flow chart of the Wing-1 [Standard Data Processing] program operation.

SALD Measuring Unit Data File

Light Intensity Distribution Data Light Intensity Distribution Data

Par ticle Size Par ticle Size

Distr ibution Distr ibution
Calculation Calculation

Particle Size Distribution

Particle Size Distribution Data
Data

Diagnosis,Adjustment
Output Options Output Options

Gr aph Gr aph Gr aph Gr aph

Options Options Options Options

島津 SALD-
2 00 0J (S AL D-2000-
W JA 2:V 1. 00) 島津 S AL D-2000J (S AL D-
2 00 0-WJA2 :V1 .0 0)
島津 S AL D-2000J (S ALD-
2 00 0-WJA2 :V1 .0 0) （ フ ァ イル 名 ） G -3 - 6 -1
島津 SALD-
2 00 0J ( SALD-
2000-
W JA 2:V 1. 00) （ フ ァ イ ル 名 ） G- 3 - 6 -1
（ フ ァ イ ル 名 ）G - 3 - 6 -1 （ サ ン プル I D ） G L A S S 3 0 & 60 & 1 00 （ サ ン プ ル ＃） 1 : 1 : 1 （ フ ァ イ ル 名 ） G -3 -6 - 1 （ サ ン プ ル I D ） G LA SS 3 0 & 60 & 1 00 （サンプル ＃）1 : 1 : 1
（ サ ン プ ル I D ）G LA SS 3 0 & 60 & 1 00 （サンプル ＃）1 : 1 : 1 （ 測 定 年月 日 ） 0 6 / 1 2/ 9 1 （ 測 定 時 間 ） 14:52:4 1 （ サ ン プ ル ID） GLASS 30 & 6 0 & 1 00 （ サ ン プ ル ＃） 1 : 1 : 1 （ 測 定 年 月 日 ） 06/12/9 1 （ 測 定 時 間 ） 1 4: 5 2 : 4 1
（ 測 定 年 月 日 ） 06/12/9 1 （ 測 定 時 間 ） 1 4: 5 2 : 4 1 （ 測 定 年 月 日 ） 0 6/ 1 2/ 9 1 （ 測 定 時 間 ） 14:52:4 1
屈 折 率 ＝1 . 5 5-0 . 0 0i
ﾒ ﾃﾞ ｨ ｱ ﾝ 径 : 7 1 . 8 33平 均 値 : 6 9. 4 4 1
30.0%D : 3 1 . 3 4 5Ｓ ﾚ ﾍ ﾞ ﾙ : 0 屈 折 率 ＝ 1 .55-0 . 0 0i
ﾒ ﾃﾞ ｨ ｱﾝ 径 : 7 1. 8 3 3平 均 値 : 6 9 . 4 431 0 . 0 % D : 3 1 . 3 4 5Ｓ ﾚ ﾍﾞ ﾙ : 0
(%) モ ー ド 径 : 1 03 . 5 58標 準 偏 差 : 0. 245 70.0%D : 7 1 . 8 3 3分 布 関 数 : 無 (%) モ ー ド 径 : 1 0 3 . 5 5 8標 準 偏 差 : 0 . 2 475 0 . 0 % D : 7 1 . 8 3 3分布 関 数 : 無
10 0％ = 2000 吸光度 = 0 .053 100％ = 2 00 0 吸光度 = 0 . 0 53
100 90.0%D : 1 3 0 . 5 9 6Ｄ ｼ ﾌ ﾄ : 0 100 90.0%D : 1 3 0 . 5 9 6Ｄ ｼ ﾌﾄ : 0

Q (%) q (%) Q (%) q (%)

3 3 3 3
80 100 20 80 100 20

回 90 18 回 90 18
折 折
／ 60 80 16 ／ 60 80 16
相 相
散 散
70 14 70 14
乱 乱
光 40 対 光 40 対
強 60 12 強 60 12
度 粒 50 10 度 粒 50 10
20 40 8 20 40 8
子 子
30 6 30 6
0 量 0 量
20 4 20 4

10 2 10 2
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65
セ ン サ の 素 子 番 号 0 0 セ ン サ の 素 子 番 号 0 0
0.01 0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000 0.01 0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000
粒 子 径 （μ ｍ ） 粒 子 径 （μ ｍ ）
＜ リ ン グ セ ンサ ＞ ＜ツノセンサ＞ ＜リングセンサ＞ ＜ツノセンサ＞

1 62.00 19 360.00 37 82.00 1 488.19 粒子径 積算値 差分値 粒子径 積算値 差分値 粒子径 積算値 差分値 1 62.00 19 360.00 37 82.00 1 488.19 粒子径 積算値 差分値 粒子径 積 算値 差分値 粒子径 積算値 差分値
2 73.00 20 374.00 38 78.00 2 511.38 x (μ m ) Q 3(％ ) q3 (％ ) x( μ m) Q3( ％ ) q 3(％ ) x (μ m ) Q3 (％ ) q3( ％ 2 73.00 20 374.00 38 78.00 2 511.38 x (μ m) Q3 (％ ) q 3( ％ ) x(μ m ) Q 3(％ ) q3 (％ ) x (μ m) Q3 (％ ) q 3( ％
3 85.00 21 384.00 39 118.00 3 528.74 3 85.00 21 384.00 39 118.00 3 528.74
4 90.00 22 391.00 40 121.00 4 540.29 4 90.00 22 391.00 40 121.00 4 540.29
5 98.00 23 389.00 41 98.00 5 532.54 1 700.000 100.000 0.141
08 22.908 1.220 1 . 0 4 03 5 0.750 0.000 0.000 5 98.00 23 389.00 41 98.00 5 532.54 1 700.000 100.000 0 . 1 4 01 8 22.908 1.220 1.043
05 0.750 0.000 0.000
6 109.00 24 381.00 42 120.00 6 516.43 2 572.451 99.860 0.301
09 18.734 0.180 0 . 1 8 03 6 0.613 0.000 0.000 6 109.00 24 381.00 42 120.00 6 516.43 2 572.451 99.860 0 . 3 0 01 9 18.734 0.180 0.183
06 0.613 0.000 0.000
3 468.143 99.550 0.392
00 15.320 0.000 0 . 0 0 03 7 0.501 0.000 0.000 3 468.143 99.550 0 . 3 9 02 0 15.320 0.000 0.003
07 0.501 0.000 0.000
7 117.00 25 345.00 43 137.00 7 495.22 4 382.842 99.160 0.312
01 12.529 0.000 0 . 0 0 03 8 0.410 0.000 0.000 7 117.00 25 345.00 43 137.00 7 495.22 4 382.842 99.160 0 . 3 1 02 1 12.529 0.000 0.003
08 0.410 0.000 0.000
8 144.00 26 291.00 44 138.00 8 472.50 5 313.083 98.850 0.182
02 10.246 0.000 0 . 0 0 03 9 0.335 0.000 0.000 8 144.00 26 291.00 44 138.00 8 472.50 5 313.083 98.850 0 . 1 8 02 2 10.246 0.000 0.003
09 0.335 0.000 0.000
9 167.00 27 264.00 45 173.00 9 436.26 6 256.036 98.660 0.332
03 8.379 0.000 0 . 0 0 04 0 0.274 0.000 0.000 9 167.00 27 264.00 45 173.00 9 436.26 6 256.036 98.660 0 . 3 3 02 3 8.379 0.000 0.004
00 0.274 0.000 0.000
10 179.00 28 253.00 46 189.00 10 395.10 10 179.00 28 253.00 46 189.00 10 395.10
11 211.00 29 193.00 47 218.00 11 349.08 7 209.383 98.340 1.092
04 6.852 0.000 0 . 0 0 04 1 0.224 0.000 0.000 11 211.00 29 193.00 47 218.00 11 349.08 7 209.383 98.340 1 . 0 9 02 4 6.852 0.000 0.004
01 0.224 0.000 0.000
8 171.231 97.250 2.672
05 5.604 0.000 0 . 0 0 04 2 0.183 0.000 0.000 8 171.231 97.250 2 . 6 7 02 5 5.604 0.000 0.004
02 0.183 0.000 0.000
12 236.00 30 108.00 48 249.00 9 140.030 94.570 13.182
06 4.583 0.000 0 . 0 0 04 3 0.150 0.000 0.000 12 236.00 30 108.00 48 249.00 9 140.030 94.570 1 3 . 1 8 02 6 4.583 0.000 0.004
03 0.150 0.000 0.000
13 270.00 31 53.00 49 278.00 ＜ 側 方 ／ 後 方 セ ン サ＞ 10 114.515 81.390 19.222
07 3.748 0.000 0 . 0 0 04 4 0.123 0.000 0.000 13 270.00 31 53.00 49 278.00 ＜側方／後方センサ＞ 10 114.515 81.390 1 9 . 2 2 02 7 3.748 0.000 0.004
04 0.123 0.000 0.000
14 289.00 32 50.00 50 323.00 14 289.00 32 50.00 50 323.00
15 308.00 33 97.00 51 356.00 1 85.20 11 93.649 62.170 7.272
08 3.065 0.000 0 . 0 0 04 5 0.100 0.000 0.000 15 308.00 33 97.00 51 356.00 1 85.20 11 93.649 62.170 7 . 2 7 02 8 3.065 0.000 0.004
05 0.100 0.000 0.000
16 325.00 34 163.00 52 404.00 2 60.50 12 76.585 54.910 15.422
09 2.506 0.000 0 . 0 0 04 6 0.082 0.000 0.000 16 325.00 34 163.00 52 404.00 2 60.50 12 76.585 54.910 1 5 . 4 2 02 9 2.506 0.000 0.004
06 0.082 0.000 0.000
17 344.00 35 141.00 53 448.00 3 61.60 13 62.630 39.490 8.153
00 2.050 0.000 0 . 0 0 04 7 0.067 0.000 0.000 17 344.00 35 141.00 53 448.00 3 61.60 13 62.630 39.490 8 . 1 5 03 0 2.050 0.000 0.004
07 0.067 0.000 0.000
14 51.218 31.330 8.243
01 1.676 0.000 0 . 0 0 04 8 0.055 0.000 0.000 14 51.218 31.330 8 . 2 4 03 1 1.676 0.000 0.004
08 0.055 0.000 0.000
18 357.00 36 107.00 54 488.00 15 41.886 23.100 8.633
02 1.371 0.000 0 . 0 0 04 9 0.045 0.000 0.000 18 357.00 36 107.00 54 488.00 15 41.886 23.100 8 . 6 3 03 2 1.371 0.000 0.004
09 0.045 0.000 0.000
16 34.254 14.460 10.113
03 1.121 0.000 0 . 0 0 05 0 0.037 0.000 0.000 16 34.254 14.460 1 0 . 1 1 03 3 1.121 0.000 0.005
00 0.037 0.000 0.000
17 28.012 4.350 3.143
04 0.917 0.000 0 . 0 0 05 1 0.030 0.000 0.000 17 28.012 4.350 3 . 1 4 03 4 0.917 0.000 0.005
01 0.030 0.000 0.000
サ ン プリ ン グ ： マ ニ ュ ア ル 屈 折 率 ： 1. 55- 0. 00i サンプリング：マニュアル 屈 折 率 ： 1 . 5 5-0 . 0 0 i
測 定 回数 ： 1 測 定 間 隔 ( 秒 )： ___ 平均回数 ： 6 4 測定回数： 1 測 定 間 隔 (秒 ) ： ___ 平 均 回数 ： 64
測 定 吸光 度 範 囲 （ 最 大 値 ） ： 0 . 2 0 0 （最小値） ： 0 . 0 10 測 定 吸 光 度 範 囲 （ 最 大 値 ） ： 0. 200 （最小値） ： 0 . 0 10
超 音 波照 射 時 間 ( 秒 ) ： _ __ 分 散 時 間 ( 秒 ) ： _ __ 超 音 波 照 射 時 間 ( 秒) ： _ _ _ 分 散 時間 ( 秒 ) ： _ __

Light Intensity Particle Size Light Intensity Particle Size

Distribution Data Distribution Data Distribution Data Distribution Data

Real-Time Display Measurement Result Display

Wing-1 (Standard Data Processing)

Fig. 5.1 Wing-1 [Standard Data Processing] program operation sequence

12
 The Wing-1 [Standard Data Processing] program features the manual measurement mode for
measuring particle size distribution.
The diagram Fig. 5.2 below shows the standard measurement sequence for the SALD-3101 and the
following section gives a summary of its contents before describing the details of the operation.

Start

(1) Rinsing

(2) Set Sample ID and #

(3) Blank Measurement

(4) Insert Sample

(5) Dilution & Dispersion

(6) Detect Light Intensity

Distribution Data

(7) Calculating Particle

Size Distribution

(8) Particle Size Distribution

Data Display

Printer Output
(9) Save Data
Particle Size Distribution Data
Light Intensity Distribution Data
Measuring Conditions

Next
(10) Rinsing
Measurement

Exit

Fig 5.2 Standard measurement procedures of SALD-3101

13
 (1) First, rinse the flow cell and sample bath and fill the sample bath with the clean (e.g. pure
water) for measurement. Circulate this through the flow cell.
(2) Create the sample ID (sample name) and number (#).
(3) Execute a blank measurement.
As the flow cell is filled with only dispersion medium, the diffracted/scattered light intensity
distribution is measured by each sensor elements and data are saved in the computer memory.
These data become the measurement baseline.
(4) Add the sample (particle material to be measured) in the sample bath.
In the case of samples that are not easily dispersed or samples that do not contain coarse particles
with fast sedimentation, rather than adding the powder directly to the sample bath, it is a good idea
to pour it into a beaker and create a concentrated raw solution (suspension solution) and then add
this to the bath.
(5) Dilute and disperse the suspension solution so that the optimum sample solution for measuring
conditions is obtained, and then circulate this through the flow cell. If the sample particles coagulate,
radiate the sample solution with ultrasonic waves when necessary.
(6) The particles in the suspension are shot with laser beams and the resulting laser
diffracted/scattered light intensity distribution data are detected and saved in memory.
(7) The particle size distribution data is calculated from the light intensity distribution data.
(8) The particle size distribution data is displayed on-screen.
(9) Save the particle size distribution data, along with light intensity distribution data and
measuring conditions on a floppy or hard disk and give the files a name.
(10) Rinse the bath and flow cell and fill them with clean dispersion medium for the next
measurement.

The following section provides detailed descriptions of the Manual Measurement mode, Particle
Distribution Re-Calculation, and Measuring Conditions in that order.

14
5.2 Manual Measurement

Manual
Measurement

Input Sample ID and

Number

Add Sample
Check Cleanliness of Cell
Check Dilution/Dispersion

Light Intensity Distribution

Data Display

Operation of Blank
Sampler Unit Measurement
Measurement
Ultrasonic
On/Off

Detect Light Intensity

Pump On/Off Distribution Data

Dilute Calculate Particle

Size Distribution

Fill Particle Size

Distribution Data
Display
Rinse

Drain Save Data Print-Out

Next Measurement

Fig. 5.3 Manual Measurement Sequence

15
Before the first measurement, it is important to check the SALD-3101 (measuring unit) optical axis
(refer to “12-Diagnosis and Adjustment”).
Check or change the measuring conditions if necessary (see 5.5).

(1) Input the sample ID and number.

(2) The CRT screen will display the light intensity distribution data in real time as shown in the
figure below.

Fig. 5.4 Real-time display of light intensity distribution data

in manual measurement mode

The particle size distribution data can be displayed by selecting the [Particle Size Distribution
Data] command from the [View] menu.
(3) Check whether the flow cell needs rinsing by observing the pattern and light absorbance shown
in the light intensity distribution data displayed on-screen.
If the flow cell is soiled, it must be rinsed.
The example in the diagram above shows light intensity distribution data for a suspension solution.
This data shows that the flow cell is soiled. When filled only with the dispersion medium, the light
intensity is low at around 10%. Rinse the flow cell so that this value is attained.
When there is dispersion medium not circulating in the cell, or there are air bubbles inside the flow
cell, the light intensity distribution data may show an abnormal pattern.
(4) After checking the flow cell is clean, start a blank measurement.
When the blank measurement has ended, the light intensity distribution data minus the blank
measurement values is displayed on-screen.

16
 Fig. 5.5 Warning of checking the flow cell before blank measurement

If a blank measurement is carried out when rinsing is incomplete, the above warning message is
displayed. Click on [No] and return to (3) and rinse again.
(5) Add the sample.
If the sample concentration is high, dilute while monitoring the diffracted/scattered light intensity
distribution data patterns and light absorbance values.
A guideline for suitable measurement is that the maximum value of light intensity distribution is
between 35% - 75% (between 700 - 1500 in absolute values).
In this case, the title [Measurement Area] at the bottom left side of the screen blinks. If the light
absorbance is outside the [Allowable Absorbance Range] set in the measuring conditions (see 5.5),
immediately after the [Measurement] command has been executed, the warning message shown in
Fig. 5.5 is displayed.
(6) Once the light intensity distribution pattern display is stabilized, select the [Measurement]
command. The light intensity distribution data detected in the measuring unit is received and
particle size distribution data calculation begins.
(7) When the particle size distribution data calculations are complete, the results (particle size
distribution data) are displayed on-screen.
(8) If necessary, data can be output to the printer.
(9) Save the particle size distribution data, along with light intensity distribution data, and measuring
conditions in data files (see “9. Data management”). This completes the single measuring cycle.
(10) This manual measurement sequence can be used for particle size distribution measurements of
the same suspension solution any number of times.
In other words, rinsing will not be activated unless the user executes rinse operation at stage (2)
Light intensity distribution data display. Therefore, in the manual measurement mode, monitoring
light intensity distribution data display, rinse the sample bath and flow cell, then check the results and
select [Cancel] to exit.

17
5.3 Re-Calculation of Particle Size Distribution
In particle size distribution measurement based on the laser diffraction/scattering method, the
physical quantity actually detected by sensor elements in the measuring unit is the
diffracted/scattered light intensity distribution data. Calculations are carried out on this light intensity
distribution data to obtain the particle size distribution data. When calculating the particle size
distribution, a relevant sample particle refractive index must be determined. This means that multiple
particle size distribution calculations can be carried out for the same light intensity distribution data
by determining different refractive indices.
In this system, the diffracted/scattered light intensity distribution data as well as the particle size
distribution data and measuring conditions, are saved in computer memory until the next
measurement is started or separate saved data is stored from disk files. Therefore changes to
refractive index and re-calculation of particle size distribution following the changes are possible any
number of times.
To execute this, select [Recalculation] from the [Edit] menu. See “5.5 Change Refractive Index
Parameter” when changing the refractive index.
When the particle size distribution calculation is completed, the results are displayed on-screen
(particle size distribution data). Save the data or print out as it may need. These procedures are
identical to those in the measurement sequence.

18
5.4 Set Measuring Conditions
Select [Set Meas Cond] from [Measurement] menu or the dialogue bar. The [Set Measuring
Conditions] dialog box will open.

Fig. 5.6 Set Measuring Conditions

[Sampling Options of Detector Signal]

In the laser diffraction particle size analyzer, the particle size distribution is calculated based on the
light intensity distribution data of diffracted/scattered light detected by sensor elements.
The measuring unit of the SALD-3101 uses a total of 81 sensor elements. It takes 0.145 seconds for
a Single Detection Cycle of light Intensity Signal from the all sensor elements.
A Single Measurement Cycle of light Intensity Signal is consists of more than one Single
Detection Cycle of light Intensity Signal.
A Total Measurement Cycle of light Intensity Signal is consists of more than one Single
Measurement Cycle and [Interval (sec)].
A Measured Data of Light Intensity Signal for Single Measurement Cycle is obtained by
averaging the Value of light Intensity Signal detected from each sensor element for a Single
Detection Cycle according to [Signal Averaging Count].
An Accumulated Measured Data is obtained by accumulating each signal value of Measured Data
of Light Intensity Signal according to [Signal Accumulation Count].
The particle size distribution is then calculated from the Accumulated Measured Data.
The data of light intensity signals during [Interval (sec)] are not used for calculation of particle size
distribution.

[Allowable Absorbance Range]

If the light Absorbance of the sample solution is outside the [Allowable Absorbance Range] set in
the [Allowable Absorbance Range (Maximum)] and the [Allowable Absorbance Range
(Minimum)], a warning message will appear on-screen when measurement is attempted.

To return all the settings to default values, select [Default].

19
5.5 Change Refractive Index Parameter
Select the [Set R Index] command in the dialogue bar or [Measurement] menu to open the [Set
Refractive Index] dialog box with the list of refractive indices.

Fig. 5.7 Change Refractive Index Parameter

Select the required refractive index by clicking on it.

When a refractive index outside 1 - 5 is required, select [6. Open Another Refractive Index F ile].
The screen will change to the display shown below.

Fig. 5.8 Change Refractive Index Parameter

In general, the particle refractive index is expressed as a complex number like [1.60-0.10i]. To
select [1.60-0.10i] as the refractive index parameter, click on [160-010.par] and then click on [Open].

20
6. Set Sample ID, # and Comment (Wing-1)
Select the [Set Sample ID, # & Comment] command from the [Edit] menu to open the [Set Sample
ID and/or #] dialog box shown in Fig. 6.1 below.

Fig. 6.1 Set Sample ID, # & Comment

[Sample ID] box

Enter the new sample ID.

[Sample # (Number)] box

Enter the new sample number.

In this system, entering the Sample ID, Sample # (Number) along with the file name is required at
the start of Manual Measurement.
If you make an input error or want to change the data later, select the [Set Sample ID, # &
Comment] command from the [Edit] menu and make the required changes after the measurement.
If you want to exit the change during the procedure, click on [Cancel]. Each setting will return to
the state before change.

[Comment] box
A comment of up to 90 letters 10 lines can be written and will be displayed at the bottom of the
particle size distribution data sheet.
If the particle diameter division is set to 101 divisions, fewer lines will be displayed.

21
7. Particle Size Distribution Data Display (Wing-1)
7.1 Outline
Once particle size distribution calculation has finished in the [Manual Measurement] or [Particle
Size Distribution Re-Calculation] processes, particle size distribution data (in a graph or table) are
displayed on-screen as the measurement results (calculation results).
You can also store the particle size distribution data measured and saved in the file.
Particle size distribution data in memory will be updated when data from the measurement, particle
size distribution re-calculation, or a disk file are stored. Fig. 7.1 shows the graph that is initially
displayed.

Fig. 7.1 Particle size distribution data (graph)

7.2 Particle Size Distribution Data

In the particle size distribution data graph, the horizontal axis represents a logarithmic scale of
particle diameter ( m) while the vertical graph represents the scale of the relative particle amount
(%).
The cumulative % is represented by a line graph. The differential % is represented by a bar graph or
a line graph.
The Mean values and standard deviations shown at the top of the graph are defined by the following
formulae.

22
 Mean value = 10
Standard deviation =

Note:

1 n log 10 x j log 10 x j 1
qj
100 j 1 2

2
1 n log10 x j log10 x j 1 2
qj
100 j 1 2

xj : particle diameter (µm)

qj : differential % (differential distribution)

7.3 Output Options

Fig. 7.2 Output Options

[Particle Diameter Table & Cumulative % Table]

Refer to “11. Set Scale Tables of Diameter & Cumulative %” for set-up of 1 - 10 of the Particle
Diameter Table & Cumulative % Table.
When [0] is selected in the Diameter Table, the measurement values are displayed as they are.
When [0] is selected in the Cumulative % Table, it represents divisions from 98% to 2% in 2%
decrements. In both cases, the contents of table number 0 are fixed.
If [101] is selected in the Diameter Table, the fixed 101 division table is used.
23
 [Dimension of Particle Amount]
Select the Dimension of Particle Amount from the number, length, area, and volume.

[Cumulative Distribution]
Select Oversize display or Undersize display.

[Differential Distribution]
Select the Differential Distribution from q, q/ x, q/ log x.

[Cumulative % (1) (2) (3)]

The three cumulative % (1), (2), and (3) are used to display three particle diameters at the selected
points of cumulative % on the graph. Enter the required numbers.

[Smoothing Level, Data Shift, Distribution F unction]

The smoothing level function smoothes particle size distribution values and the higher the selected
level the smoother the distribution gradient. The default setting [0] means smoothing does not apply.
The distribution function applies the selected distribution function to the particle size distribution
data for curve fitting and outputs the results. The default [None] setting, means the distribution
function does not apply.
Data Shift shifts the particle size distribution along the particle diameter scale. A division that a
particle diameter range from 0.01 m to 1000 m divided into 100 is a single unit of shift. [- 4]
indicates that the particle size distribution data is shifted four units down while [+ 4] indicates that it
is shifted four units up. The default setting [0] indicates that there is no data shift.
By appropriately combining the Smoothing Level and Data Shift, the SALD-3101 can, using its
own particle size distribution raw data, simulate particle size distribution data measured by other
principles or equipment models. However, these functions may not be applicable for some
distribution types. Moreover the Smoothing Level, Distribution Function, and Data Shift are
designed to process the raw data of particle size distribution measured by SALD-3101 and for this
reason, care must be taken when selecting these options.

Click on the [Output of Above Three Parameters] check box to output the contents of the selected
[Smoothing Level], [Distribution F unction], or [Data Shift] to the data sheet. The default setting is
selected to output these parameters to the data sheet.
Click on the [Output of Date and Time] check box to output the time, day, month and year of
measurement to the printer. The default setting is selected to output date & time to data sheet.

To revert all to default settings, select [Default].

24
7.4 Graph Options

Fig. 7.3 Graph options

[Cumulative % Graph]
Select Display/None cumulative % graph.

[Differential % Graph]
Select Display/None differential % graph. You can choose whether to display a line graph or a bar
graph.

[Range of Particle Diameter Scale]

This designates the Range of Particle Diameter Scale. Select the minimum particle diameter and the
maximum particle diameter values.

[Maximum of Particle Amount]

When the maximum of particle amount of the cumulative % and differential % are different the
cumulative % scale is displayed on the left side of the particle size distribution graph and the
differential % scale is displayed on the right side.
When the maximum of particle amount of the cumulative % and differential % are the same, or
when display either the cumulative % scale or the differential % scale, a % scale is displayed on the
left side.

[Table of Particle Size Distribution]

[Diam-Cum%-Diff%]: with particle diameter ( m) as the standard, the normalized particle
amount % and differential % are displayed. This is called a Scale Table of Diameter & Cumulative %
display format.
[Cum%-Diam]: with a cumulative % as the standard, the particle diameter ( m) is displayed. This is
called a cumulative % particle diameter display format.

[Marker]
Clicking the [Marker] check box to uncheck it will cancel the line graph marker display.

To revert all to default values, select [Default].

25
7.5 Particle Size Distribution Table (Format 1)
Sets the Table of Particle Size at the bottom of the graph in [Set Graph Options] dialog box. Select
[Diam-Cum%-Diff%] from the list in [Table of Particle Size Distribution].
The displayed particle size distribution table here shows the cumulative % and differential % of the
relative particle quantity with particle diameter ( m) as the standard. This display format is called a
cumulative particle diameter & %.

Fig. 7.4 Particle Size Distribution Table (Format 1)

26
7.6 Particle Size Distribution Table (Format 2)
Sets the Table of Particle Size at the bottom of the graph in [Set Graph Options] dialog box. Select
[Cum%-Diam] from the list in [Table of Particle Size Distribution].
The displayed particle size distribution table here shows the particle size distribution data in the
form of particle diameters ( m) with cumulative % as the standard. This display format is called a
cumulative % particle diameter display.

Fig. 7.5 Particle Size Distribution Table (Format 2)

27
8. Light Intensity Distribution Data Display (Wing-1)

Fig. 8.1 Light intensity distribution data (graph)

Select [Light Intensity Distribution Data] in [View] menu and the Light intensity distribution data
in memory will be displayed as shown above.

28
9. Data Management (Wing-1)
9.1 Outline
The three types of data handled in this system are as follows.
1) Particle size distribution data
2) Light intensity distribution data
3) Measuring conditions
The system actually reads and writes four types of data files with the extensions [DAT], [LDT],
[CND], and [CMP] following the same file name. A file with the extension [TXT] following the
same file name will be created.
The user does not have to be aware of subdirectory or individual data file when using them in this
system. However, if you wish to access these files using Explorer or an MS-DOS command, you
must be aware that five data files with the same name but different extensions exist.
When copying data files to another folder, you must copy all five files with the same name and
different extensions.
When you delete the files delete all of five files together.

9.2 Save Data

Fig. 9.1 Save Data

The Save Data is accessed in the [Particle Size Distribution Data Display] immediately after
measurement (Particle size distribution calculation).
Or, you can directly select [Save As] command in [File] menu. In either case, the data in memory
will be saved in a file on a disk. A warning message appears if a file with the same name already
exists and you can overwrite the file.

29
9.3 Open Data

Fig. 9.2 Open Data

Select the files to be opened using the mouse and click on [Open]. You can type in the file name
directly into the [File name] box.
After opening the data, the Particle size distribution data will be displayed as shown in Fig. 7.1.

30
10. Set Environment (Wing-1)
10.1 Set Environment
Select the [Set Environment] command in the [Options] menu in the [Standard Data Processing]
program to open the [Set Environment] dialog box shown in Fig. 10.1. Most of the settings in this
dialog box will not need to be changed for general use of this system. Before change these settings,
you must understand the function of each setting.
The details of each setting will be discussed in the following sections.

Fig. 10.1 Set Environment (Wing - 1)

[Averaging Count for Monitoring]

In the laser diffraction particle size analyzer, the particle size distribution is calculated based on the
light intensity distribution data of diffracted/scattered light detected by sensor elements.
The measuring unit of the SALD-3101 uses a total of 81 sensor elements. It takes 0.145 seconds for
a Single Detection Cycle of light Intensity Signal from the all sensor elements.
In the [Manual Measurement] mode, a Measured Data of Light Intensity Signal for Real-time
Monitoring is obtained by averaging the Value of light Intensity Signal detected from each sensor
element for a Single Detection Cycle according to [Averaging Count for Monitoring].
Reducing the Averaging Count for Monitoring enables faster response of monitoring but this
causes greater fluctuations in the light intensity data.
However, since this setting is only for the Real-time Monitoring, actual particle size distribution
measurement results will not be affected.

[Averaging Count for Background Intensity]

Background Intensity is measured from 81 sensor elements when the laser is turned off (in absolute
darkness). The definition of [Averaging Count for Background Intensity] is the same as that of the
[Averaging Count for Monitoring].
System start-up automatically invokes this measurement of Background Intensity.
The Background Intensity is used as a baseline for calculating Absorbance and adjusting the
optical axis.

31
 In the particle size distribution measurement, since the Blank Intensity data is used as a baseline for
diffracted/scattered light intensity distribution data, Background Intensity data has no direct effect
on this measurement.
The Blank Measurement (measurement of Blank Intensity) is carried out when there is only
dispersion medium in the flow cell - and the laser is on at this measurement.
As the external disturbance in the measurement of Background Intensity is less than in the
measurement of diffracted/scattered intensity, a substantial increase of the Averaging Count is not
required.

[Maximum of Allowable Blank Intensity]

A warning message shown in Fig. 5.5 is displayed if the maximum light intensity distribution data
value during Blank Measurement exceeds the value set here. Note, that the light intensity
distribution baseline used here as a standard is not Blank Intensity but Background Intensity value.

[Allowable Range for Blank Intensity]

In Real-time Monitoring of the diffracted/scattered light intensity distribution data in Manual
Measurement mode, if the maximum value of diffracted/scattered light intensity distribution data
with the Blank Intensity values as a baseline is lower than that set here, the words "Blank Area"
blink on the bottom left side of the screen.

[Max of Light Intensity Suitable for Measurement,

Min of Light Intensity Suitable for Measurement]
In Real-time Monitoring of the diffracted/scattered light intensity distribution data in Manual
Measurement mode, if the maximum diffracted/scattered light intensity distribution value with the
blank measurement values as a baseline is between the maximum value and the minimum value set
here, the words "Measurement Area" appear on the bottom left side of the screen.

[Storage of Last Blank Intensity]

By clicking on this check box to check mark the box, the blank values from the last blank intensity
measurement are stored to memory at system start-up.

32
10.2 Set Communications Options

Fig. 10.2 Set Communications Options

[Measuring unit]
The standard RS-232C CH-1 communication port of a PC is used for data communications
between the PC and the SALD-3101 measuring unit.
The baud rate of RS-232C port of the SALD-3101 measuring unit is automatically set at 1200 bps
when the power is turned on. At system start-up, on a command from the PC, the baud rate is
changed to the value specified in [Baud Rate] combination box (9600 bps in the figure 10.2) and the
data is transferred at this rate thence.
Specify the Windows 95/98/Me port number to which CH-1 will be allocated using the
[Communications port] combination box. Normally this is COM-1. If this setting is incorrect,
System initialization will freeze at the [Establishing Communications Link] dialog box. Press the
[Cancel] or [ESC] key to abort the process and re-set the correct allocation.

33
11. Set Scale Tables of Diameter & Cumulative % (Wing-1)
Select [Set Scale Tables of Diam & Cum%] in the [View] menu to open the [Set Scale Tables of
Diam & Cum%] dialog box.
Click on the table to set.

Fig. 11.1 Set Scale Tables of Diameter & Cumulative %

For example, after selecting Table #1, select [Diam] in the [Scale Table] setting and [Edit Scale
Table] in the [Method] setting and then click on the [OK] button, and the [Edit Table of Particle
Diameter Scale - Table #1] dialog box will open as shown in Fig. 11.2. Enter the required numeric
values. Since the entered values will be automatically sorted there is no need to sort when entering
values.

34
 Fig. 11.2 Edit Table of Particle Diameter Scale - Table #1

Select [Set Range & Divisions] in [Method] in the [Set Scale Tables of Diam & Cum%] shown in
Fig. 11.1, and the dialog box [Set Range & Divisions - Particle Diameter Scale Table #1] will open as
shown in Fig. 11.3. Enter the required numeric values.

Fig. 11.3 Set Range & Divisions - Particle Diameter Scale Table #1

The input range is shown below.

Type of Table Maximum Minimum

Cumulative Particle Diameter Scale Table 10000 0.01
Cumulative % Table 99.999 0.001

35
12. Diagnosis and Adjustment (Wing-1)

Fig. 12.1 Diagnosis and Adjustment

Select the [Diag & Adjust] command in the [F ile] menu to change the [Diagnosis & Adjustment]
view as shown in Fig. 12.1.
The [Diag & Adjust] command has several functions. The following section describes the optical
axis checks required before measurement.
For the purpose of this manual, the optical axis refers to the optical axis of the photometric system
of the SALD-3101 unit (measuring unit).
Before the optical axis check, make sure that the flow cell is filled with the dispersion medium (e.g.
pure water) to be used for measurement.
Look at the [Position Data (Diff)] in the lower right of the screen shown in Fig. 12.1. The
intersection of solid lines is within the smaller broken line rectangle. This indicates that the optical
axis has been adjusted correctly. In terms of numeric values, the values of the Y-axis (D1 - D3) and
the X-axis (D4 - D2) must be less than absolute values of 1500.
If the value of X- or Y-axis exceeds 1500, the solid lines will intersect outside the rectangular frame
indicating that the optical axis of the SALD-3101 (measuring unit) needs adjustment. Refer to the
Hardware Section of this manual for the method of adjustment.

36
13. Transfer to Clipboard (Wing-1)
Select the [Copy] command in the [Edit] menu to open the [Copy] dialog box shown in Fig. 13.1.

Fig. 13.1 Select Copy Contents

This command enables pasting of a data sheet or a graph into a word processor document, or
retrieval of text (numeric) data in table calculation software for customized data processing.
In copying text (numeric) data, you can specify tabs or commas as the delimiter according to the
target application.

37
14. Outline of Wing-2 [Multiple Data Processing]
In the Wing-2 [Multiple Data Processing], no communication between the PC and the SALD-3101
(measuring unit) will be made. There is no need to operate any of the switches on the SALD-3101
unit. This function operates in the PC only.
The Wing-2 [Multiple Data Processing] opens a maximum of 12 measured data in memory to
undergo a variety of processes such as overlaying the particle size distribution and light intensity
distribution data, and re-calculation of particle size distribution for the various refractive indices.
Once the data are obtained and saved, process and display of the data will involve only Wing-2
[Multiple Data Processing] and use of the Wing-1 [Standard Data Processing] is not required.
Using the MDI (Multiple Document Interface) function of Windows 95/98/Me enables multi-screen
display of particle size distribution data and light intensity distribution data's data sheet.
Wing-2 has the capability to sort files, by selecting [Edit] - [Sort] commands with the following
attributes.
File Name
Sample ID
Sample # (Number)
Refractive Index

As in Wing-1, [Set Output Options] and [Set Graph Options] of the particle size distribution data
can be specified in the [View] - [Set Output Options] command or the [View] - [Set Graph
Options] command.
For the [Set Output Options], the same conditions apply for all of 12 particle size distribution data.
For the [Set Graph Options], conditions may be set independently for each data sheet (child
window)

As in Wing-1, [Set Graph Options] of the light intensity distribution data may be set independently
for each data sheet (child window) with the [View] - [Set Graph Options] command.

Procedures for the [Set Scale Tables of Diam & Cum%] and [Set Sample ID, # & Comment] are
the same as in Wing-1.
The basic procedures of [Recalculate] are the same as in Wing-1.
If [Edit] - [Recalculate] is selected when [Overlay Graph] is active, the refractive index of all
particle size distribution data displayed will be changed together and [Recalculate] will be executed.
If [Edit] - [Recalculate] is selected when a single data is displayed, only the displayed particle size
distribution data will be updated. The results of the calculation will be reflected in [Overlay Graph].

The [Copy (transfer to clipboard)] command is also identical to that of Wing-1 [Standard Data
Processing]. However, in this case twelve, rather than just one, data can be simultaneously
transferred to another application.

Fig. 14.1 shows a flow chart of the Wing-2 [Multiple Data Processing] program.

38
 Data Files

Light Intensity Distribution Data (max. 12)

Par ticle Size

Distr ibution Calculation

Particle Size Distribution Data (max. 12)

Output Options

Graph Options Graph Options Graph Options Graph Options

島津 SALD-
2000J (SALD-
2000-
WJA2:V1.00) 島津 SALD-
2000J (SALD-
2000-
WJA2:V1.00) 島津 SALD-
2000J (SALD-
2000-
WJA2:V1.00) 島津 SALD-
2000J (SALD-
2000-
WJA2:V1.00)
1. L_022 5. Dvb-1 9. Jis_2 （ ファイ ル 名）G- 3-6-1 1. L_022 5. Dvb-1 9. Jis_2 Ｓ ﾚﾍ ﾞﾙ : 0 （ファイル 名） G- 3- 6-1
（ サンプ ル ID ）GLASS 30 & 60 & 10 0 （サンプル ＃）1 : 1 : 1 （サンプル ID） GL ASS 30 & 60 & 100 （サ ンプル ＃ ）1 : 1 : 1
2. ３ 6. G_30-100 10. Jis_7 （ 測定年 月日 ）06/12/91 （ 測定 時間 ） 14 :52 :41 2. ３ 6. G_30-100 10. Jis_7 分 布関数 :無 （測定年月日 ） 06 /12 /91 （ 測定 時間 ）14:52:41
3. 301-1 7. G-3-6-1 11. L_0091 (%) 3. 301-1 7. G-3-6-1 11. L_0091 Ｄ ｼﾌ ﾄ : 0 屈折率＝1.55 -0.00i ﾒﾃﾞｨｱﾝ径: 71 .83 3 平均値 : 69.443 10.0%D : 31.345 Ｓﾚﾍ ﾞﾙ : 0
1 00％ = 20 00 吸 光度 = 0.053
4. 539-1 8. Jis_11 12. 250-750a 100 4. 539-1 8. Jis_11 12. 250-750a モード径: 10 3.55 8 標準偏差: 0.24 7 50.0%D : 71.833 分布関数:無
90.0%D : 130.596 Ｄｼﾌ ﾄ : 0
(%) 100％ = 20 00 Q (%)
3 Q 3 (%) q 3 (%)
100 80 100
100 20
回 90
折 90 18
80 ／ 60 80
散 相 80 16
回 乱 70 相
折 70 14
／ 60 光 40 対
強 60 対
散 60 12
度
乱 粒 50 粒 50 10
光 40 20
強 子 40 40 8
度 子
30 30 6
20 0 量 量
20
20 4
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 10
0 10 2
セ ン サ の 素 子 番 号 0
0.01 0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000 0 0
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 0.01 0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000
セ ン サ の 素 子 番 号
＜ リング センサ ＞ ＜ツノセンサ＞ 粒子径 （μｍ）
粒子径（μｍ ）
1 62.00 19 360.00 37 82.00 1 488.19
フ ァイル名 サ ンプル ＩＤ サ ンプル ＃ 吸光度 ファイ ル名 サンプ ルＩＤ サンプル＃ 屈折率
2 73.00 20 374.00 38 78.00 2 511.38 粒子径 積算値 差分値 粒 子径 積算値 差分 値 粒子径 積算値 差分値
3 85.00 21 384.00 39 118.00 3 528.74 x(μ m) Q3(％) q3(％) x(μm) Q3(％) q3(％) x(μ m) Q3(％) q3(％)
1 L_022 LATEX 0.222 0.035 4 90.00 22 391.00 40 121.00 4 540.29 1 L_022 LATEX 0.222 1.60-0.00i
2 ３ 301 1 0.024 2 ３ 301 1 1.60-0.00i
5 98.00 23 389.00 41 98.00 5 532.54 1 700.000 100.000 0.140 18 22.908 1.220 1.040 35 0.750 0.000 0.000
3 301-1 301 1 0.024 6 109.00 24 381.00 42 120.00 6 516.43 3 301-1 301 1 1.60-0.00i 2 572.451 99.860 0.300 19 18.734 0.180 0.180 36 0.613 0.000 0.000
4 539-1 539 1 0.021 4 539-1 539 1 1.60-0.00i
5 Dvb-1 DVB-434 100-500 0.065 7 117.00 25 345.00 43 137.00 7 495.22 3 468.143 99.550 0.390 20 15.320 0.000 0.000 37 0.501 0.000 0.000
8 144.00 26 291.00 44 138.00 8 472.50 5 Dvb-1 DVB-434 100-500 1.60-0.00i
6 G_30- 100 GLASS 30 & 100 1 : 1 0.009 6 G_30- 100 GLASS 30 & 100 1 : 1 1.60-0.00i 4 382.842 99.160 0.310 21 12.529 0.000 0.000 38 0.410 0.000 0.000
7 G-3-6- 1 GLASS 30 & 60 & 100 1 : 1 : 1 0.053 9 167.00 27 264.00 45 173.00 9 436.26 5 313.083 98.850 0.180 22 10.246 0.000 0.000 39 0.335 0.000 0.000
10 179.00 28 253.00 46 189.00 10 395.10 7 G-3-6- 1 GLASS 30 & 60 & 100 1 : 1 : 1 1.55-0.00i
8 Jis_11 JISS- 11 1 0.091 8 Jis_11 JISS- 11 1 1.70-0.20i 6 256.036 98.660 0.330 23 8.379 0.000 0.000 40 0.274 0.000 0.000
9 Jis_2 JIS-2 1 0.047 11 211.00 29 193.00 47 218.00 11 349.08 7 209.383 98.340 1.090 24 6.852 0.000 0.000 41 0.224 0.000 0.000
9 Jis_2 JIS-2 1 1.70-0.20i
10 Jis_7 JIS-7 1 0.060 12 236.00 30 108.00 48 249.00 8 171.231 97.250 2.670 25 5.604 0.000 0.000 42 0.183 0.000 0.000
10 Jis_7 JIS-7 1 1.70-0.20i
11 L_0091 LATEX 0.091 0.019 13 270.00 31 53.00 49 278.00 ＜側方／後方センサ＞ 11 L_0091 LATEX 0.091 1.60-0.00i 9 140.030 94.570 13.180 26 4.583 0.000 0.000 43 0.150 0.000 0.000
12 250-750a 250-750 1 0.044 14 289.00 32 50.00 50 323.00 12 250-750a 250-750 1 1.70-0.20i 10 114.515 81.390 19.220 27 3.748 0.000 0.000 44 0.123 0.000 0.000
15 308.00 33 97.00 51 356.00 1 85.20 11 93.649 62.170 7.270 28 3.065 0.000 0.000 45 0.100 0.000 0.000
16 325.00 34 163.00 52 404.00 2 60.50 ﾒﾃ ﾞｨｱ ﾝ径 モード径 平均値 標 準偏差 10.0%D 50.0%D 90.0%D 12 76.585 54.910 15.420 29 2.506 0.000 0.000 46 0.082 0.000 0.000
17 344.00 35 141.00 53 448.00 3 61.60 13 62.630 39.490 8.150 30 2.050 0.000 0.000 47 0.067 0.000 0.000
18 357.00 36 107.00 54 488.00 1 0.206 0.248 0.191 0.157 0.110 0.206 0.286 14 51.218 31.330 8.240 31 1.676 0.000 0.000 48 0.055 0.000 0.000
2 320.634 346.210 318.889 0.050 268.217 320.634 369.503 15 41.886 23.100 8.630 32 1.371 0.000 0.000 49 0.045 0.000 0.000
3 320.634 346.210 318.889 0.050 268.217 320.634 369.503 16 34.254 14.460 10.110 33 1.121 0.000 0.000 50 0.037 0.000 0.000
4 554.456 517.677 563.800 0.061 483.502 554.456 666.220 17 28.012 4.350 3.140 34 0.917 0.000 0.000 51 0.030 0.000 0.000
5 232.406 231.537 232.302 0.076 183.721 232.406 294.171
6 56.131 37.878 62.664 0.268 30.529 56.131 131.827 サンプリング：マニュアル 屈 折 率 ：1.55 - 0.00i
7 71.833 103.558 69.443 0.247 31.345 71.833 130.596 測定回数： 1 測定間 隔(秒)：___ 平均回数 ： 64
8 1.833 1.854 1.788 0.349 0.603 1.833 5.088 測定吸光度範囲（最 大値） ：0.20 0 （最小値） ：0.01 0
9 37.699 56.637 26.984 0.522 4.227 37.699 94.098 超音波照射時間(秒)：___ 分散時間(秒)：___
10 53.045 69.257 34.941 0.569 5.977 53.045 115.611
11 0.082 0.074 0.083 0.189 0.047 0.082 0.152
12 430.772 423.349 422.560 0.099 323.007 430.772 549.796

Overlay Single Data Overlay Single Data

Light Intensity Distribution Data Particle Size Distribution Data

Wing-2 (Multiple Data Processing)

Fig. 14.1 Wing-2 [Multiple Data Processing] operation sequence

39
 Open Data File Sort Set Graph Options
Save Display Set Output
Copy Light Intensity Options
Print Distribution Data Help

New Data Sheet

Display Particle Size
Distribution Data

Re-Calculation

Fig. 14.2 Wing-2 [Multiple Data Processing] Tool Bar

Immediately after Wing-2 starts up, only the particle size distribution overlay graph frame appears.
First, click on the [F ile] - [Open] command or on the [Open] command in the tool bar, and open up
to a maximum of 12 data (See Chapter 15).
This allows you to select data to display.
Select [Particle Size Distribution Data] or [Light Intensity Distribution Data] in [View] - [Particle
Size Distribution] or [View] - [Light Intensity Distribution].
Or, select either the [Particle Size Distribution] or [Light Intensity Distribution] in the tool bar.

Fig. 14.3 Data selection

40
 Then [Select Data] dialog box (Fig. 14.3) will be displayed and now you can select the relevant
data.
To select a multi-screen display, first execute the [Window] - [New Data Sheet] command or click
on [New Data Sheet] in the tool bar.
The [New Data Sheet] dialog box will be displayed (Fig. 14.4). Select either [Particle Size
Distribution Data], or [Light Intensity Distribution Data].
The [Select Data] dialog box (Fig. 14.3) will be displayed and now select the relevant display data

Fig. 14.4 New data sheet

41
15. Open Data (Wing-2)

Fig. 15.1 Open Data

The Overlay mode handles multiple data saved in the particle size distribution data files.
Use the [Open] dialog box to select the data files. Select a file to open. The opened data is stored in
memory. A maximum of 12 data files can be opened and stored into memory.

To release all previously opened particle size distribution data in memory, and to open data from
the beginning, select the [Close Data] command in the [F ile] menu to open the [Close Data] dialog
box. Click on the [Close All] button to release all particle size distribution data from memory.

Fig. 15.2 Close Data

42
 To release individual data, click on the relevant file name to highlight it and click on the [Close]
button. Double clicking on a file name will close the file.
After closing individual data, the [Close Data] dialog box reappears. To exit this and return to the
data display, click on the [Cancel] button.

When opening additional data, the results are reflected in the overlay graph.

To display as a single data, select [Particle Size Distribution], or [Light Intensity Distribution]
command in the [View] menu or the tool bar and then select the name of the data file that has been
opened.
Opening the data will not cause it to be displayed.

43
16. Particle Size Distribution Data (Wing-2)
The [Multiple Data Processing] program is capable of opening up to 12 data, which it overlays, and
displays. Fig. 16.1 shows an actual example of a graph in which 12 particle size distribution data are
overlaid.

Fig. 16.1 Overlay Graph of Particle size distribution data

The [Output Options] available for selection here are shown in the menu in Fig. 16.2. The available
[Set Graph Options] are shown in the menu in Fig. 16.3.
Whether you select [Line (Line Graph)] or [Bar (Bar Graph)] for the [Differential % Graph] in
[Set Graph Options], the differential % graph will be displayed as a line graph.

44
Fig. 16.2 Output Options (for particle size distribution data)

Fig. 16.3 Graph Options (for particle size distribution data)

45
 To display single data, select the [Particle Size Distribution] command in the [View] menu to open
a [Select Data] dialog box as shown in “Fig. 16.4. Data selection”.

Fig. 16.4 Data selection

46
17. Light Intensity Distribution Data (Wing-2)
The [Multiple Data Processing] program opens up to 12 data, which it overlays and displays. Fig.
17.1 shows an actual example of a graph in which 12 light intensity distribution data are overlaid.

Fig. 17.1 Overlay Graph of Light intensity distribution data

[Output Options] are not set.

Set [Graph Options] in the screen in Fig. 17.2. Enter the maximum light intensity value.

Fig. 17.2 Graph Options (for light intensity distribution data)

47
 To display single data, select the [Light Intensity Distribution] command from the [View] menu to
open a [Select Data] dialog box as shown in Fig. 17.3. Select the relevant data file.

Fig. 17.3 Data selection

48
18. Sort Data (Wing-2)
The [Sort] command in the [Edit] menu enables sorting of opened data. The [Sort] dialog box
opens as shown in Fig. 18.1. Select type of sorting by [F ile name], [Sample ID] or [Sample #
(Number)] in alphabetic or ascendant order or by incremental [Refractive Index] values in ascendant
order.

Fig. 18.1 Sort Data

49
19. Outline of Wing-3 [Extended Data Processing]
In the Wing-3 [Extended Data Processing], there is no communication between the PC and the
SALD-3101 (measuring unit. Therefore there is no need to operate any of the switches on the SALD-
3101 unit. This function operates in the PC only.
The Wing-3 [Extended Data Processing] opens a maximum of 200 particle size distribution data in
memory to undergo [List Data F ile Titles], [Statistical Data Processing], [Time Series Analysis],
and [Three-Dimension Graph]. [List Data F ile Titles] displays a list of the file name, sample ID,
sample number, and refractive index of the multiple particle size distribution data opened and stored
in memory by the [Open] command and outputs this list to the printer.
The [Statistical Data Processing], [Time Series Analysis] and [Three-dimensional Graph] process
the multiple particle size distribution data opened and stored in memory by the [Open] command
according to the contents of each respectively, display the results as a graph and table, and output to
the printer.

Using the MDI (Multiple Document Interface) function of Windows 95/98/Me enables multi-screen
display of the [List Data F ile Titles], [Statistical Data Processing], [Time Series Analysis] and
[Three-dimensional Graph] data sheets.
Wing-3 has the capability to sort files, by selecting [Edit] - [Sort] commands with the following
attributes.
File Name
Sample ID
Sample # (Number)
Refractive Index

As in Wing-1 and Wing-2, [Output Options] and [Graph Options] of the particle size distribution
data can be specified in the [View] - [Set Output Options] command or the [View] - [Set Graph
Options] command.

For the [Set Output Options], individual options apply for each of [Statistical Data Processing],
[Time Series Analysis] and [Three-dimensional Graph] respectively. However, even if multiple data
sheets (child window) are opened in the same process, the same [Output Options] apply for all data
sheets.

For [Set Graph Options], individual options apply for each data sheet (child window) separately.

The [Set Scale Tables of Diam & Cum%] is the same as in Wing-1.

The [Copy] (transfer to clipboard) command is also identical to that of Wing-1 [Standard Data
Processing]. However, in this case a maximum of 200, not single, data can be simultaneously
transferred to another application.

Fig. 19.1 shows a flow chart of the Wing-3 [Extended Data Processing] Program.

50
 Data Files
データファイル

Particle Size Distribution Data (Max. 200)

Thr ee-
Statistical Time Ser ies
Dimensional
Pr ocessing Analysis Gr aph

Output Options Output Options Output Options

Graph Options Graph Options Graph Options

島津 SALD-2 000 J (SALD-200 0-WJA2: V1.0 0) 島津 SALD-200 0J (S ALD -2000-W JA2 :V1. 00) 島津 S ALD -2000J ( SAL D-2000-WJA 2:V1 .00)
島津 SA LD-2000J (SALD-20 00-WJA2:V1.00)
【統計処理】 【統計処理】 【時 系列処 理】
全データ 平 均値 標準偏差 変 動範囲 ﾒﾃ ﾞｨｱ ﾝ値 ﾓｰ ﾄﾞ径 75 (％ ) 25 (％ ) 分布範囲
【三次元表示】
Q 3 (%)
100 Q 3 (%)
100 100
90 50
90
80
相
80 10
70 相
対 粒 5
60 70
対 子
粒 50 60
1
40 粒 50 径
子 0.5
30 40 (μm)
量 子
20
10
量
30 0.1
0.05
相 100
20
80
0
0.01 0.050.1 0.5 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000 5000 10 対
粒 子径（ μｍ） 0
0.01
0 5 10 15 60
0.01 0.050.1 0.5 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000 5000 フ ァ イ ル 番 号 粒
粒子径 （μｍ） 40
粒 子 径 積算 ％(Q3) 頻度％(q3) 子 20
平 均 値 標準 偏差 平 均 値 標準 偏差
粒 子 径 積算％(Q3) 頻 度％(q3) ファイル名
ﾒﾃ ﾞｨｱ ﾝ径 モード径 任 意％粒 子径
(μｍ ) (μｍ) 75.000 25.000
任 意粒子 径％
1.000 10.000 量 0
1 700.00 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 平 均 値 1.735 1.914 3.134 0.938 27.941 99.346 (％) 2
2 572.45 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 平 均 値 標準偏差 平 均 値 標準偏差 標準偏差 0.264 0.433 0.342 0.166 7.389 0.045 4
3
4
468.14
382.84
100.00
100.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00 1 700.00 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
最 大 値 1.956 2.266 3.395 1.108 44.845 99.428 6
最 小 値 1.137 1.014 2.283 0.593 21.169 99.224 8 500

All Data
5 313.08 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 572.45 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
6 256.04 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 468.14 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 Test_9 1.956 2.266 3.395 1.108 21.169 99.358 フ 10 50 100
7 209.38 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 382.84 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 Test_10 1.951 2.266 3.391 1.100 21.457 99.359 ァ 12 5 10
8 171.23 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 313.08 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 Test_11 1.936 2.266 3.375 1.084 22.036 99.360 イ 14
9 140.03 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
6 256.04 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 Test_12 1.920 2.266 3.357 1.065 22.671 99.372 ル 0.5 1
番 16 0.050.1
10 114.51 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 Test_13 1.903 1.853 3.340 1.047 23.316 99.371
7 209.38 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
号 18 0.01
11 93.65 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 Test_14 1.886 1.853 3.323 1.026 24.021 99.371
12 76.58 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
8 171.23 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
7 Test_15 1.870 2.266 3.309 1.007 24.660 99.369 粒子径（μｍ）
13 62.63 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9 140.03 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
8 Test_16 1.861 2.266 3.301 0.994 25.095 99.346

(200 data)
14 51.22 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10 114.51 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9 Test_17 1.861 2.266 3.306 1.001 24.872 99.325
15 41.89 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11 93.65 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10 Test_18 1.852 2.266 3.293 0.988 25.318 99.313
16 34.25 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 76.58 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11 Test_2 1.203 1.014 2.424 0.620 42.767 99.371
17 28.01 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13 62.63 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 Test_3 1.313 1.240 2.628 0.667 39.502 99.312
18 22.91 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14 51.22 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13 Test_4 1.452 1.516 2.828 0.741 35.615 99.352
19 18.73 100.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 15 41.89 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14 Test_5 1.607 1.853 3.030 0.831 31.432 99.259
20 15.32 99.98 0.01 0.12 0.02 15 Test_6 1.741 1.853 3.185 0.926 27.709 99.224
21 12.53 99.86 0.03 0.42 0.03
16 34.25 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
16 Test_7 1.833 1.853 3.269 1.000 24.885 99.384
22 10.25 99.43 0.04 1.07 0.14 17 28.01 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Overlay
17 Test_8 1.940 2.266 3.379 1.094 21.571 99.359
23 8.38 98.37 0.15 2.10 0.35 18 22.91 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 18 Test_1 1.137 1.014 2.283 0.593 44.845 99.428
24 6.85 96.27 0.49 3.47 0.59 19 18.73 100.00 0.00 0.02 0.01
25 5.60 92.80 1.07 4.99 0.81 20 15.32 99.98 0.01 0.12 0.02
26 4.58 87.81 1.88 6.40 0.99 21 12.53 99.86 0.03 0.42 0.03
27 3.75 81.40 2.86 7.47 1.09 22 10.25 99.43 0.04 1.07 0.14
28 3.06 73.94 3.95 8.15 1.11 23 8.38 98.37 0.15 2.10 0.35

Three-Dimensional
29 2.51 65.79 5.06 8.56 1.04 24 6.85 96.27 0.49 3.47 0.59
30 2.05 57.23 6.09 8.66 0.84 25 5.60 92.80 1.07 4.99 0.81
31 1.68 48.57 6.92 8.48 0.52
32 1.37 40.09 7.43 7.94 0.19 26 4.58 87.81 1.88 6.40 0.99
33 1.12 32.15 7.52 7.25 0.38 27 3.75 81.40 2.86 7.47 1.09
34 0.92 24.90 7.21 6.46 0.62 28 3.06 73.94 3.95 8.15 1.11
35 0.75 18.43 6.61 5.54 0.74 29 2.51 65.79 5.06 8.56 1.04
30 2.05 57.23 6.09 8.66 0.84

Time Series
36 0.61 12.90 5.88 4.35 0.75
37 0.50 8.55 5.16 2.84 0.61 31 1.68 48.57 6.92 8.48 0.52
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
0.41
0.34
0.27
0.22
0.18
0.15
0.12
5.71
2.59
1.24
0.62
0.28
0.09
0.02
4.60
3.07
1.86
1.02
0.48
0.17
0.03
3.12
1.35
0.62
0.34
0.19
0.08
0.02
1.56
1.24
0.84
0.54
0.32
0.14
0.03
32
33
34
35
36
37
1.37
1.12
0.92
0.75
0.61
0.50
40.09
32.15
24.90
18.43
12.90
8.55
7.43
7.52
7.21
6.61
5.88
5.16
7.94
7.25
6.46
5.54
4.35
2.84
0.19
0.38
0.62
0.74
0.75
0.61
Graph
Analysis
45 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 38 0.41 5.71 4.60 3.12 1.56
46 0.082 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 39 0.34 2.59 3.07 1.35 1.24
47 0.067 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 40 0.27 1.24 1.86 0.62 0.84
48 0.055 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 41 0.22 0.62 1.02 0.34 0.54
49 0.045 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 42 0.18 0.28 0.48 0.19 0.32
50 0.037 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 43 0.15 0.09 0.17 0.08 0.14
51 0.030 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 44 0.12 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.03
45 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Data Sheet
46 0.082 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
47 0.067 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
48 0.055 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
49 0.045 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
50 0.037 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
51 0.030 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Statistical
Data Processing
Data Sheet

Wing-3 (Extended Data Pr ocessing)

Fig. 19.1 Wing-3 [Extended Data Processing] Program operation sequence

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 Open Data File List Data File Titles Set Graph Options

Copy Statistical Data Set Output Options

Processing
Print Help

Sort New Data Sheet

Three-Dimensional
Graph
Time Series Analysis

Fig. 19.2 Wing-3 [Extended Data Processing] Tool Bar

When Wing-3 starts up, only the [Statistical Data Processing] data sheet frame appears on-screen.
First open a maximum of 200 data (see “20. Open Data”).
To switch between display contents, select the following commands in the [View] menu.

List Data File Titles

Statistical Data Processing
Time Series Analysis
Three-dimensional Graph

You can change the display by selecting the buttons from the tool bar.

To select a Multi-Screen Display, first execute the [Window] - [New Data Sheet] command or click
on [New Data Sheet] in the tool bar.
The [New Data Sheet] dialog box is displayed (Fig. 19.3).
Select one of the commands shown below to open a new data sheet (child window).

List Data File Titles

Statistical Data Processing
Time Series Analysis
Three-dimensional Graph

Fig. 19.3 New data sheet

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20. Open Data (Wing-3)

Fig. 20.1 Open Data

[Statistical Data Processing], [Time Series Analysis] and [Three-dimensional Graph] handle not
only a single particle size distribution data file but data from multiple saved particle size distribution
data files.
Select the relevant data file in the [Open] dialog box. The Opened data is stored in memory. A
maximum of 200 data files can be opened and stored.

To release all the particle size distribution data opened and stored in memory, and to open data from
the beginning, select the [Close Data] command in the [F ile] menu to open the [Close Data] dialog
box. Click on the [Close All] button to release all particle size distribution data in memory.

Fig. 20.2 Close Data

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 To release individual data, click on the relevant file name to highlight the file name and execute the
[Close] command. Double click on the relevant file closes the file.
After closing individual data, the [Close Data] dialog box reappears. To exit this and return to the
data display, press the [Cancel] button.

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21. List Data File Titles (Wing-3)

Fig. 21.1 List Data File Titles

[List Data F ile Titles] displays a list of the file name, sample ID, sample number and refractive
index of the particle size distribution data opened and stored in memory by the [Open] command.

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22. Statistical Data Processing (Wing-3)
Statistical Data Processing displays statistics values such as the average values of multiple particle
size distribution data and the standard deviations. For the purpose of this manual, the average
values and standard deviations mean those of the normalized particle amount (%) to the particle
diameter specified in the Diameter Scale Table. Fig. 22.1 shows the actual graph.

Fig. 22.1 Statistical Data Processing graph

The available [Output Options] here are in the menu as shown in Fig. 22.2 while the [Set Graph
Options] available for selection is shown in Fig. 22.3.
To entitle the graph, open the [Title] box in the [Set Graph Options] dialog box and enter the title.

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 Fig. 22.2 Output Options

Fig. 22.3 Graph Options (Statistical Data Processing)

In [Set Graph Options], after unchecking in [Mean Values], [Standard Deviations] and [Variation
Range] in [Statistical Data] group, select [All Data] to overlay a maximum of 200 data as shown in
Fig. 22.4. The large volume of data does not allow for individual data identified by line colors or
markers but the display provides a good understanding of overall data distribution.

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Fig. 22.4 Statistical processing graph (display all data)

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23. Time Series Analysis (Wing-3)
Time Series Analysis plots the behavior of median diameter or modal diameter summary data along
the time axis (actually file numbers) as in the graph shown in Fig. 23.1.

Fig. 23.1 Time Series Analysis graph

Fig. 23.2 Output Options (Time Series Analysis)

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 Fig. 23.2 shows the available Output Options.
Set Graph Options as in the screen shown in Fig. 23.3. Enter the required values in [Cum % (1),
(2)], and [Diam (A), (B)].
Check the [Cumulative% at the Selected Diameter] check box, and only the time behavior of
Cumulative% at the Selected Diameter corresponding to [Diam (A), (B)] will be displayed in the
graph with the vertical axis as “Normalized Particle Amount (%)”
Click and uncheck the [Cumulative % at the Selected Diameter] check box to display the median
diameter or modal diameter again.

Fig. 23.3 Graph Options (Time Series Analysis)

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24. Three-dimensional Graph (Wing-3)
While the previous Time Series Analysis showed only the time behavior of the median diameter
and modal diameter, the Three-dimensional Graph shows the time behavior of all particle
distribution data.
In effect, it produces a three-dimensional particle distribution data display with three axes -
[Particle Diameter ( m)], [Normalized Particle Amount (%)] and [F ile Number (i.e. time axis)].

Fig. 24.1 Three-dimensional Graph graph

The available [Output Options] here are as shown in Fig. 24.2.

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 Fig. 24.2 Output Options

The Graph Options available for selection here are as shown in Fig. 24.3.

Fig. 24.3 Graph Options (Three-dimensional Graph)

62