GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF DATA

When data are presented as graph, they are

easily interpreted, and compared. As a
consequence, data become more interesting to
the readers
 PIE CHART
A pie graph or pie chart is another visual
representation of data. It is used to show how all
the parts of something are related to the
whole. It is represented by a circle divided into
slices or sectors of various sizes that show each
part’s relationship to the whole and to other
parts of the circle.
 PIE CHART
Example 1: Construct a pie chart for the data
given below.
Use compass to draw the circle and a protractor to draw the “pie
slices” or sectors. Label each sector of the circle and give the
graph a title.
Example 2
The amount of electricity used in a typical home is
shown below. In a certain month, a home used 2
000 kwh (kilowatt-hours). Use the graph to find
the amount of electricity used by the following
appliances:
a. stove
b. water heater
c. refrigerator
d. air conditioner
a.Stove
= 10% ∗ 2000
= 200 𝑘𝑤ℎ
b. Water heater
= 4% ∗ 2000
= 80 𝑘𝑤ℎ
c. refrigerator
= 15% ∗ 2000
= 300 𝑘𝑤ℎ
d. Air conditioner
= 40% ∗ 2000
= 800 𝑘𝑤ℎ
Example 3
Justin tracked the time he spent on homework per subject
during one week. Answer the questions based on the pie chart
below.

a. Which subject
did Justin took
the longest to
accomplish his
homework?
Biology
b. What percentage of
time did Justin spend
on English and Health
homework?

15% + 10% = 25%

c. Which combination of
subjects was more time
consuming for Justin, is it
the combination of History
and Physics or the
combination of Biology and
Art?

Biology and Art

d. If Justin spent 100
minutes on homework,
how many minutes were
spent on English?

𝟏𝟓% ∗ 𝟏𝟎𝟎
= 𝟏𝟓 𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒔
 BAR GRAPH
A bar graph uses rectangles (or bars) of uniform
width to represent data, particularly the nominal or
categorical type of data. The height of the rectangle
denotes the frequency of the variable. There are two
types of bar graph: the vertical bar graph, which is
sometimes called a column chart, and the horizontal
bar graph. A vertical bar graph is used to show the
changes on the numerical value of a variable over a
period of time.
Example 1:
Create a simple bar graph on the data about Pet
Popularity shown below
Step 1: Decide on a title for your graph
Step 2: Draw vertical axis (y – axis) and horizontal axis
(x – axis)
Step 3: Label the horizontal axis (Type of Pet)
Step 4: Write the type of pets where the bars will
be drawn.
Step 5: Label the vertical axis (Number of Pets).
Step 6: Decide on scale. Consider the least and
the greatest number shown on the
data.
Step 7: Draw a bar to show the total for each
item.
Example 2:
Teacher Michelle conducted a survey on her advisory class, Grade 7 –
Begonya, about their mode of transportation in going to school. The
results are shown in the table below.
Example 3:
Use the bar graph to answer each question.

a. Which
movie
receives
exactly 5
votes?
Ice Age
b. Which
movie
receives the
fewest votes?
Cars
c. What is the
combined
number of
people who
voted for Up
and Brave?
10+6=16
d. How many
more votes did
Spy Kids
receive than
Brave?

8-6=2
e. What was
the total
number of
votes of all
movie title?
5+8+10+6+1
=30
 LINE GRAPH
A line graph is used to represent changes in
data over a period of time. Data like changes
in temperature, income, population, and the
like can be represented by a line graph. Data
are represented by points and are joined by line
segments. A line graph may be curved, broken,
or straight.
The horizontal axis is used as the time
axis and vertical axis is used to show
the changes in other quantity.
Example 1:
Amber wanted to join in a 100-meter dash contest in his
school. To track her performance whether she is
improving or not, her mother recorded her running time
from Monday to Sunday as shown in the table below.
Create a line graph on Amber’s training.
On which day is
the fastest
running time of
Amber?
Sunday
Example 2:
The graph below shows the amount of popcorn sold at a theater.

a. Which day
had the most
popcorn sold?

TUESDAY
Example 2:
The graph below shows the amount of popcorn sold at a theater.

b. From Thursday
to Friday did the
amount of popcorn
sold increases or
decreases?

INCREASES
Example 2:
The graph below shows the amount of popcorn sold at a theater.

c. Were fewer
buckets sold on
Tuesday or on
Thursday?

Thursday
Example 2:
The graph below shows the amount of popcorn sold at a theater.

d. What is the
difference in the
number of buckets
sold on Wednesday
and the number sold
on Friday?

450-400=50
Example 2:
The graph below shows the amount of popcorn sold at a theater.

e. What is the
total number
of buckets
sold?
300+500+400+
250+450+150=
2050
FOR GROUPED DATA
Some forms of graphs for grouped
frequency distribution are the Histogram
and Ogive.
HISTOGRAM
A Histogram is a bar graph that shows the frequency
of data that occur within a certain interval. In a
histogram, the bars are always vertical, the width of
each bar is based upon the size of the interval it
represents, and there are no gaps between adjacent
bars. Histograms have no gaps because their bases
cover a continuous range of possible values.
a. Which age
group has the
most number of
people?
21-30
b. Which age
group has the
least number of
people?

1-10
c. How many
people are in
the age group
11 – 20?

25
d. How many
people are there in
the age group 0 –
20?
15+25=40
e. How many
people are older
than 30?

25