Motion Velocity

Physics 20 - Lesson 5
Acceleration Graph Analysis– Answer Key

/55
1. For each of the following graphs, describe the motion involved and then sketch the
missing graph.
The object starts with constant

A. (+) velocity and then undergoes
(-) acceleration
 
v a
/2 t
B. The object starts at rest and

then undergoes (-) constant
 velocity
d 
v
/2 t
C. The object starts at rest

 and then accelerates in the
d  (-) direction
v
t
/2
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D.
 The object undergoes (-) acceleration.
d a
/2 t
E.
 The object undergoes (-) velocity.
d v
t
/2
The object starts with (+) velocity

F. and undergoes (-) acceleration.
The object comes to rest and
 then moves back toward where it
v
started.
a
t
/2
G.
a 
d
t
/2
The object accelerates in
the (+) direction
2. Consider the following position–time graph.
Position vs Time
25
/6 20
Position (m)
15
10
5
8.m
25s
0
0 5 10 20 1525 30 35 40
Time (s)
A. What is the instantaneous velocity at 15 s? (~ +0.34 m/s)
y2  y1 8.5m
Velocity=slope of tangent line slope    0.34 m s
x2  x1 25s
B. How far would the object travel from 5 s to 20 s? (4.1 m)
off the graph

dtotal  d 2  d1  6m  1.9m  4.1m
C. What was the average speed at 25 s? (0.32 m/s)
off the graph

d  d 2  d1  10.5m  2.5m  8m
d 8m
vavg    0.32 m s
t 25s
3. The following is a graph for an object moving north.
Velocity vs Time
10
/6
8
velocity (m/s)
6
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Time (s)
A. What is the acceleration of the object? (+0.60 m/s2)
y2  y1 10 m s  4 m s 6 m s
Acceleration=slope of v-t graph slope     0.6 m s2
x2  x1 10s  0s 10s
B. What is the displacement from 0 to 10 s? (+70 m)
d  dtri  d rec
v010 t
d  v010 t
2
6.0 m s (10s )
d  (4.0 m s )(10s)
2
d  70m
4. Given the following velocity – time graph.
Velocity vs Time
+10
/7
+5
velocity (m/s)
0
-5
-10
-15
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Time (s)
A. What was the acceleration at 5 s and at 20 s? (0, -1.07 m/s2)
v2  v1 6 m s  6 m s
a1   a  0 m s2
t 15s
v  v 10 m s  6 m s
a1  2 1  a  1.07 m s2
t 15s
B. What is the displacement from 0 to 30 s? (+60 m)
d  d 015  d15 20.7  d 20.730

v15 20.7 t v20.7 30 t
d  v015 t  
2 2
6.0 s (5.7 s) (10 m s )(9.3s)
m
d  (6.0 m s )(15s)  
2 2
d  60m
5. The following graph shows the motion of two objects traveling east.
Velocity vs Time
50
40
velocity (m/s)
A
30
20 B
10
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Time (s)
/10
A. How much faster is object A traveling at 8 s than object B? (6.0 m/s)
at 8s
va  21 m s 21 m s  15 m s  6.0 m s
vb  15 m s
B. What is the acceleration of each object? (+2.2 m/s2, +1.2 m/s2)
v2  v1 32 m s  0 m s
aA   a A  2.7 m s2
t 12s
v2  v1 20 m s  6 m s
aB   aB  1.2 m s2
t 12s
C. From 0 to 12 s, which object travelled the furthest? (A)
v12 0  32 m s
dA  t  (12s)  192m
2 2
v v 20 m s  6 m s
d B  v0 t  12 0 t  6 m s (12s)  (12s)  156 m
2 2
6. Using the graph of the motion of a car travelling in a straight line, determine each
of the following.
a. the velocity of the car in each interval. (+50 km/h, 0, -33 km/h)
b. the final displacement of the car. (0)
Position vs Time
25
20
Position (km)
15
10
0
/6 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6
Time (h)
a)
d 20km
va    50 km h
t 0.4h
d 0km
vb   0
t 0.6h
d 20km
va    33 km h
t 0.6h
b) The car has returned to its point of origin  d =0
7. A ball rolls along the floor, up an inclined plane, and then back down the plane
and across the floor again. The graph below represents this motion.
a. At what time is the ball at its highest point?
b. What is its maximum displacement up the ramp? (1.0 m)
c. What was the acceleration when the ball was (i) rolling up the ramp, (ii)
rolling down the ramp, and (iii) when the ball was instantaneously at rest at
the top of the ramp?
Velocity vs Time
+1.0
+0.5
velocity (m/s)
0
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
0 2 4 6 8
Time (s)
/6
a) The ball is at its highest point when its velocity is zero (t= approx. 3.5s)
b  h 0.8 m s  2.5s
b) d A    1.0 m
2 2
c)
v2  v1 0.8 m s  0.8 m s
a1   a  0.32 m s2
t 6s  1s
At all times while the ball was on the ramp, its acceleration was a constant -0.32m/s2
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Physics 20 - Lesson 5

Acceleration Graph Analysis– Answer Key

The object starts with constant

B. The object starts at rest and

C. The object starts at rest

The object starts with (+) velocity

B. How far would the object travel from 5 s to 20 s? (4.1 m)

off the graph

C. What was the average speed at 25 s? (0.32 m/s)

off the graph

B. What is the displacement from 0 to 10 s? (+70 m)

A. What was the acceleration at 5 s and at 20 s? (0, -1.07 m/s2)

B. What is the displacement from 0 to 30 s? (+60 m)

d  d 015  d15 20.7  d 20.730

B. What is the acceleration of each object? (+2.2 m/s2, +1.2 m/s2)

C. From 0 to 12 s, which object travelled the furthest? (A)

b) The car has returned to its point of origin  d =0

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