Ratio

and
Rate
INSPIRED
BY
 Ratio

Rate

Activity
Lesson
Outline
How many hours do you
spend browsing social
media in a day?
Learning
Outcomes:
By the end of this lesson, you'll be able to:

• compare and differentiate between ratio

and rate;
• illustrate how to write and simplify ratios
and rates;
 RATIO
Ratio is a comparison of two numbers or quantities.
It's written in the form a : b, which is read as "a to b."

Example:
7:21
Initial number of 11-Amethyst
before is 7 boys and 21 girls.

7 : 21
Different
Types of
Ratios
We can express ratios in
different forms.
7
7 : 21 7 : 28 21

Part to Part to Ratio as a

part ratio whole ratio fraction
Part to
Part Ratio
Comparing one part to There are 3 volleyballs for
another part. every 8 basketballs.

3 : 8

part part
Part to
Whole
Ratio
Comparing one part to There are 3 volleyballs There are 8 basketballs
the whole or the total and 11 balls in total. and 11 balls in total.
quantity.
3 : 11 8 : 11

part whole part whole

Ratio
as a
Fraction
There are 3 volleyballs There are 8 basketballs
We can also express and 11 balls in total. and 11 balls in total.
ratios as fractions.
3 8
3 : 11 8 : 11
11 11

The numerator shows the left side, while

Tip: the denominator shows the right side.
 Checkpoint Task
Write the following ratios in their simplest forms:

• Ratio of skirts to blouses, if there are 20 skirts

and 35 blouses.
?
• Ratio of male students to female students in a
class, if there are 10 male students and 30 ?
female students.
• Ratio of 8 cups of flour to 24 cups of milk in ?
baking a cake.
• Ratio of the ending inventory that shows 30 red ?
pens, 25 black pens, and 20 blue pens.
• Ratio of computer units to students, if there are ?
15 computer units in a class of 25 students.
 ANSWER KEY

Checkpoint Task
Write the following ratios in their simplest forms:

• Ratio of skirts to blouses, if there are 20 skirts

and 35 blouses.
5:7
• Ratio of male students to female students in a
class, if there are 10 male students and 30 1:3
female students.
• Ratio of 6 cups of flour to 24 cups of milk in 1:4
baking a cake.
• Ratio of the ending inventory that shows 30 red 6:5:4
pens, 25 black pens, and 20 blue pens.
• Ratio of computer units to students, if there are 3:5
15 computer units in a class of 25 students.
Find out how ratios are applied in business transactions in
the examples that follow.
1. Liz and Beth are cousins and they have decided to become business partners. They have agreed
that Liz will invest ₱ 250 000, and Beth will invest ₱ 400 000. The profit from this business venture
will be divided based on the ratio of their investments. What is the ratio of their investments which
wil be used later as basis in the distribution of profit?

2. A company’s accounting manager is reviewing the budget for next year and calculating some
ratios. He wanted to know the firm’s ability to pay its short-term debt (loan or financial obligation
that is due within one year) by determining its curent ratio or working capital ratio (also known as
banker’s ratio). Current ratio is one of the ratios computed in the financial statement analysis. It is
calculated by dividing the current assets (cash and other assets that can be readily converted into
cash within one year) by the current liabilities (debts or financial obligations due within one year).
Hence, current ratio reflects the abilit of a firm to pay its current liabilities with its current assets.
What is the firm’s current ratio if it has assets of ₱ 1 550 000 and current liabilities of ₱ 1 240 000?
Will the company have the ability to pay its short-term debt?

3. You and your business associate are planning to offer your stretch slim fit tapered jeans on sale
at ₱990. The original price of the jeans was ₱1 260. The cost of the jeans is 70% of the original
price. Your business associate is interested in determining the ratio of the sale price to the
original price before implementing your plan. What is the ratio of the sale price to the original
price in decimal and in percent? Would this be a good marketing plan?
RATE
Rate is a special ratio of two numbers with different units of
measurement such as kilometers per hour, words per minute,
or price per kilogram.

Examples:

Smart shoppers would be interested in the unit rate or unit price of the product, its
quality, and other factors to make better buying decisions.

Health workers regularly check on the heart rate or pulse rate to monitor the
improvement in the health condition of their parents.

A job applicant would like to know his rate – how much he will be receiving per hour or
per day or per month – before accepting a job offer.
More examples:
1. The College of Business Administration has 35 faculty members
that handle 1 260 students. What is the unit rate or the number of
students per faculty member?

2. Worker A receives ₱1 792 for his day’s work of 8 hours, and

worker B receives ₱1 500 for his half day’s work of 4 hours.
Because their working hours vary, it is difficult to compare the
wages received by the two workers on the basis of their take-
home pay for the day. However, a comparison of their take-home
pay is possible using a basic unit rate, whichly is their hourly rate.
So, what is their unit wage or rate per hour? Assuming worker A
and worker B are doing the same task and have no other
difference in their working condition, who gets a better pay?
 ACTIVITY
A. Solve the following problems.

1. What is the original price of an item sold for ₱56 if

the ratio of the selling price to the original price is
2:5?

2. You and your best friend have decided to share

resources at a ratio of 11:15 as your initial capital
for a small business. If you invested ₱ 275 000,
how much did your best friend invest?
B. Compute the unit price of each of the followng items:

ITEM PRICE
Pencil ₱84.75/box (1 dozen)
Bond paper ₱249.75/ream (500 sheets)
Parchment paper ₱19.00/pack (10 pieces)
Permanent marker ₱135.00/pack (4 pieces + 1 free)
Plastic envelope ₱166.50/pack (6 pieces)