SKULL III

DR BHIMA NEUPANE
NORMA BASALIS
DR BHIMA NEUPANE
NORMA BASALIS
 Petrotympanic fissure
Ant lig of malleus
Chorda tympani nerve and Squamous part
Spine of tympanic br of max artery
sphenoid

Tympanic
plate

Apex of petrous
part of temp Petrotympanic fissure
bone
• Palatovaginal canal
• Sphenoidal process of palatine bone and vaginal process of medial
pterygoid plate
• Transmit pharyngeal vessels n nerve
• Vomerovaginal canal
• Alae of vomer overlaps Vaginal process of medial pterygoid plate and
form canal
Spine of sphenoid
• Post lat to foramen spinosum
• Gretaer wing present triangular
projection
• Tensor velli palatine
• Tensor tympani
• Lig
• Sphenomand
• Pterygospinous
• Ant lig of malleus
Spine of sphenoid
• Relation-
• medially -chorda tympani nerve ,
• cartillagenous part of auditory tube

• Laterally -auriculotemporal nerve

• Why imp spine?
• Nerve are related medially and laterally
• Auriculotemporal nerve carry secretomotor fiber to parotid
• Chorda tympani carry secretomotor fiber to submand and sublingual
gland
• And taste sensation in ant 2/3rd of tongue
• If injury or fracture of spine lead to paralysis of secretomtor fiber-
Attachment
• Two muscle
• Tensor tympani
• Tensor palatine

• Two ligament
• Pterygospinous lig
• Sphenomandibular lig
• Ant lig of malleus
Styloid process
• Three muscle
• Styloglossus-hypoglossal n
• Stylohyoid –facial nerve
• Stylopharyngeus-glossopharyngeal nerve

• Two lig
• Stylohyoid
• Stylomandibular lig
Foramen magnum
Divided by alar ligament
• Ant compartment
• Apical lig
• Occasionally tip of dens
• Upper band of cruciate ligament
• Membrana tectoria
Post comp
• Lower end of medulla oblongata
• Meninges
• 4th part of vertebral artery
• Surrounding plexus of nerve
• Spinal accessory nerve
• Ant and post spinal arteries
• Tonsil of cerebellum
Jugular foramen
• Ant comp
• Inf petrosal sinus
• Middle comp
• 9th , 10th, 11th cranial nerve
• Meningeal br of ascending pharyngeal artery
• Emissary vein
• post comp
• Internal jugular vein
 Norma verticalis
Calvaria or vault of skull
Middle clinoid
process
Internal acoustic meatus
• Bony canal
• 1 cm long
• Transmits
• Facial nerve
• Vestibulocochlear nerve
• Labyrinthine artery
• Jugular foramen
• -large irregular opening
• Bounded
• Infront by-jugular fossa of Petrous
bone
• Behind by- jugular notch of occipital
bone
• Subdivided into 3 compartment
• Ant compartment
• Inf petrosal sinus

• Intermediate part-
• Glossopharyngeal nerve, vagus nerve
• Accessory nerve
• Meningeal br of ascending pharyngeal
artery
• Emissary vein

• Post compartment
• Internal jugular vein continuation of
sigmoid sinus
Hypoglossal canal
• Above the ant part lat margin of foramen
magnum
• Transmit-
• Hypoglossal nerve
• Ascending pharyngeal artery
• Emissary vein
Foramen Magnum
• Oval opening, wider behind than
infront
• Communicate post cranial fossa
with vertebral canal
• Divide by alar lig
• Ant comp-
• Apical lig
• Tip of dens
• Upper band of cruciate lig
• Membrana tectoria
 Ant
• Post comp- atlantooccipital
memb
• Lower end of medulla
• Meninges
• 4th part of vertebral artery
• symp plexus of nerve
• Spinal root of accessory nerve
• Ant and post spinal artery
• Occasionally tonsil of cerebellum

Post atlanto occipital membrane