FBGBNBE ]LK]BK@ GHKTLQ GLNBIKBK QBMB TIT]LF

F\TG\NHTGLNL]BN?
F\TG\NHTGLNL]BN? MME

Mhslk ? Mlkki Jrbksisgb Elnlkb F, T.Glp.,F.Glp

Misusuk \ktug Flflkuei Tbnbe Tbtu ]u`bs Fbtb Gunibe Glplrbwbtbk Bkbg 3

Misusuk Hnle?

Shsnibkb Pbti 292JG1411<

Bkbkmb L`b Flniybkti 292JG1411:
Klklk` Bkmiki Juoiybkti 292JG14119
F. Bnji Bku`rbe 292JG1414=
Tiktb Kursbri 292JG14145
Lrki Siskblki 292JG14149
Bflnib B`ustik 292JG141=1
Bci Sbob Cbk``bnb 292JG142=:

Glnbs? 3B Glplrbwbtbk

JBG\N]BT GLQLSBPB]BK QSH@SBF T]\MI TBSOBKB

GLQLSBPB]BK MBK QSHJLTI KLST

\KIZLSTI]BT CEBG]I

GLKDBKB 3131
 GB]B QLK@BK]BS

Cisfinnbeirrhefbkirrheif

Tl`b
Tl`bnb
nb pu
puoi
oi cb
cb`i
`i Bn
Bnnb
nbe
e TP]
TP] yb
ybk`
k` tlnbe
tlnbe flfc
flfclr
lrig
igbk
bk gb
gbfi
fi gl
glfu
fumb
mbeb
ebk
k
sleik``b gbfi mbpbt flkylnlsbigbk fbgbnbe iki mlk`bk tlpbt wbgtu. Tebnbwbt
slrtb sbnbf slfh`b tlrnifpbe durbegbk glpbmb cb`ikmb tlrdiktb gitb ybitu Kbci
Fuebffbm TBP ybk` gitb kbkti-kbtigbk sybjb’btkyb mi bgeirbt kbkti.

Bmbpuk tuoubk mbri plkunisbk fbgbnbe iki bmbnbe uktug flflkuei tu`bs mbri
icu mhslk
mhslk Mlkki
Mlkki Jrbksisg
Jrbksisgb
b Elnlkb
Elnlkb F, T.Glp.,F.Glp. Tlnbik itu, fbgbnbe iki
T.Glp.,F.Glp
ou`b clrtuoubk uktug flkbfcbe wbwbsbk tlktbk` cb`i pbrb plfcbdb mbk ou`b
cb`i plkunis.

Gbfi
Gbfi flk`
flk`ud
udbp
bpgb
gbk
k tlrif
tlrifbb gb
gbsi
sie
e glpb
glpbmb
mb icu
icu mhsl
mhslk
k Mlkk
Mlkkii Jrbk
Jrbksi
sisg
sgb
b
Elnlkb F, T.Glp.,F.Glp slnbgu Mhslk Fbtb Gunibe Glplrbwbtbk Bkbg 3
ybk`
ybk` tln
tlnbe
be flfclr
flfclrigb
igbk
k tu`bs
tu`bs iki sleik`
sleik``b
`b mbpbt
mbpbt flkbfc
flkbfcbe
be plk`lt
plk`ltbeu
beubk
bk mbk
wbwbsbk slsubi mlk`bk cimbk` stumi ybk` gbfi tlguki.

Gbfi
Gbfi ou
ou`b
`b flk`
flk`ud
udbp
bpgb
gbk
k tlri
tlrifb
fb gb
gbsi
sie
e gl
glpb
pbmb
mb sl
slfu
fubb pi
pieb
ebg
g yb
ybk`
k` tl
tlnb
nbe
e
flfcb`i slcb`ibk plk`ltbeubkkyb sleik``b gbfi mbpbt flkylnlsbigbk fbgbnbe
iki.. Tlfh`b
iki Tlfh`b fbgbnb
fbgbnbe
e iki mbpbt
mbpbt flfclr
flfclrigb
igbk
k wbwbsbk
wbwbsbk ybk` nlcie
nlcie nubs
nubs glpbmb
glpbmb
plfcbdb. Pbnbupuk fbgbnbe iki flfinigi glnlciebk mbk glgurbk`bk. Gbfi
fhehk uktug sbrbk mbk gritigkyb. ]lrifb gbsie.

Cbkmuk`, Mlslfclr 3131

Qlkunis
 MBJ]BS ITI

GB]B QLK@BK]BS..............................................................................................i
QLK@BK]BS..............................................................................................i

MBJ]BS ITI..........................................................................................................
ITI............................................................................................................ii
..ii

CBC I QLKMBE\N\BK......................................................................................
QLKMBE\N\BK........................................................................................2
..2

2.2 Nbtbr Clnbgbk`..........................................................................................2

Clnbgbk`..........................................................................................2

2.3 Sufusbk Fbsbnbe.....................................................................................2

Fbsbnbe.....................................................................................2

2.4 ]uoubk Qlkunisbk.....................................................................................

Qlkunisbk.......................................................................................3
..3

CBC II ]IKOB\BK ]LHSI....................................................................................4

]LHSI....................................................................................4

3.2 Qlk`lrtibk MME...........................................................................................

MME.............................................................................................4
..4

3.3 Bkbthfi Jisihnh`i Tistlf Fusgunhsglnltbn ..................................................4

..................................................4
3.4 Ltihnh`i ........................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................=
..=

3.= Qbthjisihnh`i..................................................................................................
Qbthjisihnh`i....................................................................................................:
..:

3.< Fbkijlstbsi Gnikis ........................................................................................

..........................................................................................0
..0

3.: Qlflrigsbbk Qlkukobk` ..............................................................................

................................................. ...............................5
..5

3.0 Ghfpnigbsi ..................................................................................................

..................................................................................................22
22

3.5 Bsuebk Glplrbwbtbk Tldbrb ]lhri Qbmb Bkbg MME..................................

MME..................................23
23

3.9 Qlrbwbtbk Qbmb Bkbg MME...........................................................

MME.........................................................................
..............

CBC III QLK\]\Q...............................................................................................2<

QLK\]\Q............................................................................................... 2<

4.2 Tifpunbk....................................................................................................... 2<

4.3 Tbrbk............................................................................................................. 2<

MBJ]
BJ]BS Q\T]
Q\T]B
BGB 2:
 CBC I

QLKMBE\N\BK

2.2 Nbtbr
Nbtbr Clnbgbk`
Clnbgbk`
Tbnbe sbtu glnbikbk ghk`lkitbn mbnbf sistlf fusgunhsglnltbn ybk` tlrplktik`
bmbnbe
bmbnbe dhk`lki
dhk`lkitbn
tbn mispnb
mispnbsib
sib hj tel eip,
eip, tlr
tlrfbs
fbsug
ug glnbik
glnbikbk
bk ybk` clreuc
clreucuk`b
uk`bk
k
mlk`bk dhk`lkitbn sucnuxbtihk hj tel eip mbk dhk`lkitbn myspnbsib (bckhrfbn
`rhw
`rhwte
te)) hj tel
tel eip.
eip. Flsg
Flsgip
ipuk
uk is
isti
tinb
nbe
e dh
dhk`
k`lki
lkitb
tbnn mi
misn
snhd
hdbt
btih
ihk
k hj te
tell ei
eip
p mbk
sik`gbtbk DEM tlnbe mi`ukbgbk slnbfb clclrbpb bcbm, istinbe ybk` nlcie mitlrifb
sbbt iki bmbnbe mlvlnhpflktbn mispnbdlflkt hj tel eip (MME). Gnisid, pbmb tbeuk
2959, flrlghflkmbsigbk istinbe iki gbrlkb „ebn itu mibk``bp flk`ikmigbsigbk
`bk``ubk mikbfis, clrphtlksi fbfpu, slcb`bi cbyi ybk` clrglfcbk`, flkobmi

nlcie cbi
nlcie cbig
g btbu
btbu nlcie
nlcie curug.
curug. Kbfuk,
Kbfuk, clclrbp
clclrbpbb plkuni
plkuniss (tlrut
(tlrutbfb
bfb mi Bflrig
Bflrigbb
\tbrb) flk`iktlrprltbsigbk MME slcb`bi Mlvlnhpflktbn Myspnbsib hj tel Eip.
Mlvln
Mlvlnhp
hpfl
flkt
ktbn
bn misp
mispnb
nbsi
sibb hj tel
tel ei
eip
p (M
(MME
ME)) flru
flrupbg
pbgbk
bk glnbi
glnbikbk
kbk yb
ybk`
k`
slrik`gbni
slrik`gbni flkylcbcgbk fbsbnbe
fbsbnbe clrglpbkobk`
clrglpbkobk`bk
bk tlrebmbp
tlrebmbp pbsilk.
pbsilk. Pbnbupuk
Pbnbupuk
glwbspbmbbk
glwbspbmbbk tlrebmbp MME pbmb cbyi cbru nbeir sumbe funbi flkik`gbt kbfuk
slrik`gbni glnbikbk iki nuput mbri plflrigsbbk mbk tlrmltlgsi sbbt pbsilk sumbe
funbi clrobnbk.
clrobnbk. Qbmb glbmbbk slplrti
slplrti iki, ufufkyb tlnbe tlrobmi
tlrobmi ghktrbgtur pbmb
obrik`bk slgitbr pbk``un ybk` bgbk flfplk`bruei ebsin tlrbpi.
Mlvlnhpflktbn Myspnbsib hj tel Eip (EEM) bmbnbe subtu ghkmisi mifbkb
dbput jlfhris timbg tlrnltbg sldbrb ghk`rulk mi mbnbf bdltbcunuf.. Dbput jlfhris
clrbmb mbnbf bdltbcunuf, kbfuk mbpbt tlrmhrhk` glnubr mbk slrik` tlrbcb btbu
tlrmlk`br cukyi (mislcut ou`b slcb`bi „dnidgik` eip‖), pbk``un ybk` sucnugsbsi
(ghktbg slcb`ibk bktbrb dbput mbk bdltbcunuf), mbk clktug ybk` tlrpbrbe mifbkb
pbk``un misnhgbsi mbk irrlmudicnl.

2.3 Sufusbk Fbsbnbe

 2. Bpb Qlk`lrti
Qlk`lrtibk
bk mbri
mbri MME (Mlvlnhpflkt
(Mlvlnhpflkt Myspnbsib
Myspnbsib Hj
Hj Eip)
Eip) 8
3. Bpb sbob
sbob Bkbthfi
Bkbthfi Jisih
Jisihnh`i
nh`i mbri
mbri Tistlf
Tistlf Fusgunhsgln
Fusgunhsglnltbn
ltbn 8
4. Cb`bif
Cb`bifbkb
bkb Ltihnh
Ltihnh`i
`i mbri
mbri MME
MME 8
=. Cb`bif
Cb`bifbkb
bkb Qbth
Qbthjis
jisihn
ihnh`i
h`i mbri
mbri MME 8
<. Bpb sbob
sbob Fbki
Fbkijls
jlstbs
tbsii Gnikis
Gnikis mbri
mbri MME
MME 8
:. Cb`bif
Cb`bifbkb
bkb Qlflri
Qlflrigsb
gsbbk
bk Qlkuko
Qlkukobk`
bk` mbri
mbri MME
MME 8
0. Bpb sbob
sbob Ghfp
Ghfpni
nigbs
gbsii mbri
mbri MME 8
5. Cb`bifbkb
Cb`bifbkb Bsuebk
Bsuebk Glplrbw
Glplrbwbtbk
btbk Tldbrb ]lhri pbmb Bkbg
Bkbg MME
MME 8
9. Cb`bif
Cb`bifbkb
bkb Qlrb
Qlrbwbt
wbtbk
bk pbmb
pbmb Bkbg
Bkbg MME 8

2.4 ]uoubk Qlkunisbk

2. \ktug
\ktug flfb
flfbebf
ebfii Qlk`lr
Qlk`lrtib
tibk
k mbri
mbri MME.
MME.
3. \ktug flk`ltbe
flk`ltbeui
ui Bpb sbob
sbob Bkbthfi
Bkbthfi Jisihnh`i
Jisihnh`i mbri
mbri Tistlf
Tistlf Fusgunhsgln
Fusgunhsglnltbn.
ltbn.

4. \ktug
\ktug flk`lt
flk`ltbeui
beui Cb`bi
Cb`bifbk
fbkbb Ltihnh`i
Ltihnh`i mbri
mbri MME.
=. \ktug flfbebfbi
flfbebfbi Cb`bif
Cb`bifbkb
bkb Qbthji
Qbthjisihn
sihnh`i
h`i mbri
mbri MME.
<. \ktug flk`ltbeui
flk`ltbeui Bpb
Bpb sbob
sbob Fbkijlst
Fbkijlstbsi
bsi Gnikis
Gnikis mbri
mbri MME.
MME.
:. \ktug flk`ltbeui
flk`ltbeui Cb`bif
Cb`bifbkb
bkb Qlflrigs
Qlflrigsbbk
bbk Qlkukobk`
Qlkukobk` mbri MME.
0. \ktug
\ktug flk`lt
flk`ltbeui
beui Bpb
Bpb sbob
sbob Ghfpni
Ghfpnigbs
gbsii mbri MME.
MME.
5. \ktug
\ktug flk`ltbe
flk`ltbeui
ui Cb`bifbk
Cb`bifbkbb Bsuebk
Bsuebk Glplrbw
Glplrbwbtb
btbk
k Tldbrb
Tldbrb ]lhri
]lhri pbmb Bkbg
MME .
9. \ktug flk`ltbeui
flk`ltbeui Cb`bifbkb
Cb`bifbkb Qlrbwbt
Qlrbwbtbk
bk pbmb
pbmb Bkbg
Bkbg MME.
MME.

CBC II
QLFCBEBTBK

3.2 Qlk`lrtibk MME

 Mispnbsib pbk``un btbu MME (Mlvlnhpflktbn Myspnbsib hj Eip) flrupbgbk
plrglfcbk`bk bckhrfbn pbk``un clrupb mispnbsib, sucnugsbsi, mbk misnhgbsi slkmi
pbk``un pbmb bkbg-bkbg. Mispnbsib bdltbcunbr flkylcbcgbk glnbikbk
plk`lfcbk`bk bdltbcunuf, tlrfbsug ugurbk, clktug, mbk susukbk. Qbmb
sucnugsbsi slkmi pbk``un, glpbnb jlfur tlr`lslr slcb`ibk mbri phsisi khrfbnkyb,
kbfuk fbsie tlrmbpbt ghktbg mlk`bk bdltbcunuf.
bdltbcunuf. Qbmb misnhgbsi
misnhgbsi slkmi pbk``un,
pbk``un,
glpbnb jlfur timbg flfinigi ghktbg mlk`bk bdltbcunuf.
Misnhgbsi slkmi mbpbt micb`i flkobmi tipl ybk` mbpbt miglfcbnigbk mbk tipl ybk`
timbg mbpbt miglfcbnigbk gl phsisi slfunb. Qik``un mislcut mbpbt mimisnhgbsigbk
oigb tlrobmi plrpikmbebk glpbnb jlfur mbri tlpi bdltbcunuf gl cb`ibk tlk`be

bdltbcunuf sbbt miclri `byb tlgbk gl brbe phstlrihr pbmb phsisi bmugsi.

Misnhg
Misnhgbsi
bsi micb`i
micb`i flkobm
flkobmii mub suctip
suctipl?
l? Misnhg
Misnhgbsi
bsi pbmb cbyi
cbyi slebt
slebt mislcut
mislcut
tipigbn,
tipigbn, mbpbt tlrobmi slclnuf
slclnuf btbu slsumbe
slsumbe glnbeirbk.
glnbeirbk. Misnhgbsi clreucuk`bk
clreucuk`bk
mlk`bk `bk``ubk klurhfusgunlr mislcut tlrbthnh`ig mbk tlrobmi slclnuf nbeir.
Qlrglfcbk`bk
Qlrglfcbk`bk khrfbn pik``un bkbg clr`bktuk`
clr`bktuk` pbmb stbcinitb
stbcinitbss ghk`rulk
ghk`rulk glpbnb
jlfur mbnbf bdltbcunuf. Tlkmi pik``un timbg bgbk clrglfcbk` mlk`bk cbig oigb
timbg
timbg st
stbci
bcinn mbk timbg
timbg bkbthf
bkbthfis,
is, sleik`
sleik``b
`b bgbk
bgbk tlt
tltbp
bp bckhrf
bckhrfbn
bn sbfpbi
sbfpbi usib
usib
clrobnbk bkbg. Mib`khsis miki mbk plk`hcbtbk slmiki fuk`gik sbk`bt plktik`
uktug flfclrigbk prh`khsis tlrcbig. Qlk`hcbtbk MME clrucbe slirik` usib bwbn
prlslktbsi MME. Qbmb usib nlcie nbkout, plkbtbnbgsbkbbk flnicbtgbk tlgkig
hplrbsi ybk` flfinigi nlcie cbkybg ghfpnigbsi mbk ebsin juk`sihkbn nlcie curug.

Mlvln
Mlvlnhp
hpfl
flkt
ktbn
bn misp
mispnb
nbsi
sibb hj tel
tel ei
eip
p (M
(MME
ME)) flru
flrupbg
pbgbk
bk glnbi
glnbikbk
kbk yb
ybk`
k`
slrik`gbni
slrik`gbni flkylcbcgbk fbsbnbe
fbsbnbe clrglpbkobk`
clrglpbkobk`bk
bk tlrebmbp
tlrebmbp pbsilk.
pbsilk. Pbnbupuk
Pbnbupuk

glwbspbmbbk
glwbspbmbbk tlrebmbp MME pbmb cbyi cbru nbeir sumbe funbi flkik`gbt kbfuk
slrik`gbni glnbikbk iki nuput mbri plflrigsbbk mbk tlrmltlgsi sbbt pbsilk sumbe
funbi clrobnbk.
clrobnbk. Qbmb glbmbbk slplrti
slplrti iki, ufufkyb tlnbe tlrobmi
tlrobmi ghktrbgtur pbmb
obrik`bk slgitbr pbk``un ybk` bgbk flfplk`bruei ebsin tlrbpi.

3.3. Bkbthfi Jisihnh`i Tistlf Fusgunhsglnltbn

3.4. Ltihnh`i

3.=. Qbthjisihnh`i
Glnbikbk sglnltbn pbmb MME tlrmiri mbri glnbikbk bdltbcunuf, glpbnb jlfur,
nlelr jlfur, mbk pbk``un. Fhrjhnh`i bdltbcunuf clrclktug gebs slplrti shglt
mbk chnb pbmb lfcrih clrucbe flkobmi mbk`gbn sbbt nbeir. Qbmb glcbkybgbk
gbsus, bdltbcunuf flkobmi nlcie mbnbf slirik` clrtbfcbekyb usib mbk flkutupi
glpbnb jlfur. Kbfuk mlfigibk, clclrbpb bdltbcunb flkobmi mbk`gbn mbk cbegbk
flkdlfcuk`. Tlnbik itu, plklcbnbk bckhrfbn bdltbcunuf, bktlvlrsi bdltbcunb
flfcubt bdltbcunuf timbg mbpbt flkutupi glpbnb jlfur. Bdltbcunbr ikmlx (BI)
sldbrb rutik mi`ukbgbk uktug flk`lvbnubsi dbgupbk bdltbcunuf tlrebmbp glpbnb

jlfur. Tltlnb
jlfur. Tltlnbe
e misnhg
misnhgbsi
bsi,, lpijis
lpijisis
is glpbnb
glpbnb jlfur
jlfur mbpbt
mbpbt tufcue
tufcue plrnbe
plrnbebk
bk mbk
flk`ebsingbk glnbikbk bkbthfi slirik` wbgtu. Klgrhsis bslptig glpbnb jlfur
gbrlkb MME timbg obrbk` tlrobmi. Nlelr jlfur flkobmi tlcbn mbk plkmlg pbmb
bkbg mlk`bk MME. Ebn iki flk`bgicbtgbk sumut bktlvlrsi mbk sumut nlelr jlfur
flk`bnbfi plrucbebk, ybk` flk``bk``u rubk` spbsibn mbk trbksfisi `byb bktbrb
bdltbcunuf mbk glpbnb jlfur. 0,5 Hnle gbrlkb itu, stifunus tlgbkbk hnle tlgbkbk
glpbnb jlfur pbmb bdltbcunuf clrgurbk` mbk plrglfcbk`bk pbk``un tlrtukmb.
Qbmb MME ukinbtlrbn, pbk``un flkobmi firik` mbk tunbk` clnbgbk` flfclktug
gurvb ghfplksbsi7
ghfplksbsi7 oigb MME flkylrbk` glmub sisi,
sisi, pbsilk
pbsilk mbpbt flkukouggbk
flkukouggbk
`byb clrobnbk slplrti clr`hybk` (wbmmnik` `bit), plkik`gbtbk nhrmhsis nufcbn,
mbk gijhsis pbk``un. Qlrucbebk obrik`bk nukbg ou`b mbpbt tlrobmi flniputi nbcruf
`nlkhim,
`nlkhim, gbpsun brtigunbr,
brtigunbr, ni`bflk, mbk nlfbg.
nlfbg. Oigb tlrobmi misnhgbsi
misnhgbsi pbk``un,
pbk``un,

gbpsun brtigunbr flrl`bk` mbk flkobmi nhk``br. Oigb inihpshbs flnlwbti cb`ibk
mlpbk
mlpbk gbpsun,
gbpsun, ikvlrs
ikvlrsii nbcruf
nbcruf `nlkhi
`nlkhim
m mbk gbpsun
gbpsun mbpbt
mbpbt flk`eb
flk`ebnbk
nbk`i
`i rlmugs
rlmugsii
misnhgbsi. Ni`bflktuf tlrls flkobmi flfbkobk` mbk eiplrtrhji pbmb slcb`ibk
clsbr gbsus, ybk` ou`b flrupbgbk plk`ebfcbt rlmugsi.
3.<. Fbkijlstbsi Gnikis

Fbki
Fbkijl
jlst
stbs
bsii gnik
gnikis
is pb
pbmb
mb MME
MME mb
mbpb
pbtt mi
miim
imlk
lkti
tiji
jigbs
gbsii sb
sbbt
bt cb
cbyi
yi cb
cbru
ru nb
nbei
eir.
r.
Qlflrigsbbk ybk` mbpbt minbgugbk bmbnbe flthml Hrthnbki mbk Cbrnhw. ]bkmb
Hrthnbki bmbnbe bmbkyb cukyi „dnukg‖ sbbt pbk``un tlrlmugsi, sbbt slkmi pbk``un
mibcmu
mibcmugsi
gsigbk.
gbk. Tlmbk`g
Tlmbk`gbk
bk tbkmb
tbkmb Cbrnhw
Cbrnhw bmbnbe
bmbnbe cukyi
cukyi „dnukg‖
„dnukg‖ sbbt
sbbt pbk``un
pbk``un
tlrmisnhgbsi sbbt phsisi bmmugsi (prhvhdbtivl tlst). Cinb pbk``un flfinigi ebsin
phsitij pbmb glmub plflrigsbbk tlrslcut, pbk``un migbtbgbk misnhdbtbcnl.

Qlflrigsbbk gnikis sbbt bkbg sumbe nlcie clsbr, slmigit clrclmb. Qbmb usib iki,

pbk``un ybk` tlrmisnhgbsi sumbe tlrjigsbsi. ]bkmb @bnnlbzi mbpbt tlrniebt cinb
pbk``un ybk` tlrglkb ukinbtlrbn. Qbmb sbbt pbsilk clrcbrik` tlrnlktbk` mbk
pbk``un slrtb nutut mijnlgsigbk fbgb dbput jlfur timbg ebkyb tlrmisnhgbsi gl
nbtlrbn
nbtlrbn kbfuk ou`b gl prhgsifbn
prhgsifbn sleik``b jlfur ybk` tlrmisnhgbs
tlrmisnhgbsii bgbk tbfpbg
nlcie plkmlg.

Mbri ebsin plflrigsbbk jisig pbsilk iki mimbpbtgbk bmbkyb lgshrhtbsi pbmb eip
giri mislrtbi gltlrcbtbsbk `lrbg bcmugsi fbupuk bmmugsi, ybk` mbpbt flkobmi
plrtbkmb bmbkyb sucnugsbsi btbupuk misnhgbsi eip. Tlnbik itu mitlfugbk tbkmb
Hrtehnbki mbk Cbrnhw slrtb tbkmb @bnnlbzi. Ebn iki slsubi mlk`bk `bfcbrbk gnikis
ybk` tlnbe mislcutgbk, cbewb bkbg mlk`bk MME tlrmbpbt gltlrcbtbsbk bcmugsi
mbk bmmugsi eip, tbkmb @bnnlbzi, tbkmb Hrtehnbki, mbk Cbrnhw pbmb plflrigsbbk
jisig. (Gurkibwbk & Jbuzi, 312<)

Qlkinbibk slkmi pbk``un mifunbi mlk`bk hcslrvbsi uktug bsifltri nipbtbk gunit
`nutlbn btbu pbeb, plrclmbbk pbkobk` tuk`gbi mlk`bk nutut timbg sbfb tik``i pbmb
phsisi tlrnlktbk` mlk`bk pik``un mbk nutut tlrtlgug (tbkmb
( tbkmb @bnlbzzi),
@bnlbzzi), mbk bcmugsi
pbk``un ybk` tlrcbtbs. ]ls Hrthnbki bmbnbe tls gnikis pbnik` plktik` uktug mltlgsi
mispnbsib ybitu glpbnb jlfur ybk` tlrmisnhgbsi miglfcbnigbk gl bdltbcunuf
bdltbcunuf.. ]ls
Cbrnhw ybitu
ybitu plflri
plflrigsb
gsb flkmis
flkmisnhg
nhgbsi
bsi glpbnb
glpbnb jlfur
jlfur ybk`
ybk` timbg
timbg stbcin
stbcin mbri
mbri
bdltbcunuf.. Tltibp pbk``un ebrus miplrigsb sldbrb ikmlplkmlk mlk`bk sisi nbik
bdltbcunuf

miphsisigbk mbnbf phsisi bcmugsi fbgsifuf uktug flk`ukdi pbk``un. Gbmbk`,

cisb mirbsbgbk gnig pbmb obrik`bk nukbg slnbfb plr`lrbgbk pik``un. Oigb pbmb
plflrigsbbk ]ls Cbrnhw ebkyb mbpbt mirbsbgbk cukyi gnig tbkpb bmbkyb tlfubk
misnhgbsi ybk` olnbs, fbgb mispnbsib fbsie mibk``bp rik`bk.

Qbmb usib 4 cunbk, tls Cbrnhw mbk Hrthnbki cibsbkyb kl`btij mbk tlrcbtbskyb
bcmugs
bcmugsii (mbk
(mbk bsiflt
bsifltri
ri bcmugs
bcmugsi)
i) flkobm
flkobmii tbkmb
tbkmb ybk`
ybk` pbnik`
pbnik` mbpbt
mbpbt mibkmbn
mibkmbngbk
gbk
uktug mltlgsi MME. Tlcube plklnitibk cbru flkukouggbk cbewb tlrcbtbskyb
bcmugsi pbk``un ukinbtlrbn sltlnbe usib mlnbpbk fik``u sbk`bt lrbt gbitbkkyb
mlk`bk
mlk`bk MME.
MME. Qbrb
Qbrb plkuni
plkuniss flrlgh
flrlghflk
flkmbs
mbsigb
igbk
k cbewb
cbewb tbkmb
tbkmb iki ebrus
ebrus midbri
midbri

sldbrb bgtij,
sldbrb bgtij, mbk oigb mitlfugbk,
mitlfugbk, ebrus milvbnubsi nlcie nbkout mlk`bk \T@ btbu
rbmih`rbji
rbmih`rbji.. Bmbkyb gltlrcbtbsbk
gltlrcbtbsbk bmmugsi cinbtlrbn
cinbtlrbn pbk``un cugbk flrupbgbk
flrupbgbk
tbkmb bgurbt uktug MME. Bkbg ybk` funbi clrobnbk mbpbt flfinigi `byb clrobnbk
]rlkmlnlkcur`.

Mib`khsis misnhgbsi cinbtlrbn nlcie sunit7 mbpbt tlrniebt tbkmb ]rlkmlnlkcur`,

wbmmnik` `bit, mbk plkurukbk SHF bcmugsi pbk``un ybk` sifltris. MME ou`b
migbitgbk mlk`bk plkylcbc gltlrnbfcbtbk clrobnbk pbmb bkbg-bkbg. Qbmb bkbg
mlk`bk MME mimbpbtgbk gltlrnbfcbtbk clrobnbk slgitbr 2 cunbk nlcie nbfcbt oigb
micbkmik`bk mlk`bk bkbg ybk` khrfbn. Kbfuk sldbrb gnikis gltlrnbfcbtbk iki

timbg si`kijigbk gbrlkb plrclmbbk wbgtu 2 cunbk mibk``bp timbg clrfbgkb mbk
fuk`gi
fuk `gikk cisb
cisb mislcb
mislcbcgbk
cgbk gbrlkb
gbrlkb ebn nbi
nbik
k slnbik
slnbik mispnb
mispnbsib
sib pbk``un
pbk``un.(Ml
.(Mlri
ribkh,
bkh,
3129)
3.:. Qlflrigsbbk Qlkukobk`

Qusbt hsijigbsi glpbnb jlfur fukdun pbmb usib =-: cunbk7 pbmb tbebp iki
rbmi
rbmih`
h`rb
rbji
ji flko
flkobm
bmii nl
nlci
cie
e mbpbt
mbpbt mi`u
mi`ukb
kbgbk
gbk.. \n
\ntr
trbs
bshk
hkh`r
h`rbj
bjii rl
rlbn
bnti
tifl
fl tl
tlnb
nbe
e
mitltb
mitltbpgbk
pgbk slcb`bi
slcb`bi flthml
flthml bgurbt
bgurbt uktug
uktug plkditr
plkditrbbk
bbk pik``un
pik``un slnbfb
slnbfb clclrb
clclrbpb
pb
cunbk plrtbfb gleimupbk.

Dhfputlm thfh`rbpey (D]) clr`ukb uktug plkinbibk gubnitbs rlmugsi sltlnbe

rlmugsii mbk jigsbsi tlrtutup
rlmugs tlrtutup btbu tlrcugb mlk`bk dbst spidb7 ou`b clr`ukb
clr`ukb mbnbf
tbtbnbgsbkb rlfbob mbk mlwbsb fumb, flklktugbk mispnbsib mbk flfuk`gikgbk
plfiniebk prhslmur ybk`
y bk` tlpbt, tlrfbsug hstlhthfi pbk``un
p bk``un mbk/ btbu hstlhthfi
jlfur.

2. \ntr
\ntrbs
bshk
hkh`
h`rb
rbji
ji
]lgkig
]lgkig untrbs
untrbshkh
hkh`rb
`rbji
ji ybk` miplnh
miplnhphr
phrii hnle
hnle @rbj
@rbj flnipu
flniputi
ti lvbnubs
lvbnubsii
stbtis mbk mikbfis slkmi pik``un, flfuk`gikgbk plkinbibk bkbthfi stbtis
pik``un mbk stbcinitbs glpbnb jlfhrbnis mi shglt bdltbcunbr. Kbfuk,
sgrikik` untrbshkh`rbji timbg minbgugbk slclnuf usib 4-= fik``u pbmb
cbyi mlk`bk tbkmbtbkmb gnikis btbu jbgthr risigh MME gbrlkb glnlfbebk
jis
isih
ihnnh`is
h`is khrf
khrfbn
bn mbpb
mbpbtt slfcu
lfcue
e sphkt
phktbk
bk pbmb
pbmb usi
sibb : fik`
fik``u
`u..
\n
\ntr
trbs
bshk
hkh`
h`rb
rbji
ji nl
nlci
cie
e misu
misugbi
gbi uk
uktu
tug
g flk`g
flk`gnb
nbri
riji
jigbs
gbsii tl
tlfu
fubk
bk ji
jisi
sig,
g,
flk`l
flk`lvb
vbnu
nubs
bsii cb
cbyi
yi clris
clrisig
igh
h tik`
tik``i
`i,, mb
mbk
k flfb
flfbkt
ktbu
bu MM
MME.
E. Tg
Tgri
riki
kik`
k`
untrbshkh`rbji ukivlrsbn pbmb cbyi cbru nbeir timbg mirlghflkmbsigbk.
Qbmb pbsilk minbgugbk plflrigsbbk flk``ukbgbk \T@, cbig uktug
flfcbkt
flfcbktu
u flkl`b
flkl`bggbk
ggbk mib`khs
mib`khsis
is fbupuk
fbupuk uktug
uktug fhkith
fhkithrik
rik`
` tlr
tlrbpi
bpi..
 Ql
Qlfl
flri
rigs
gsbbk
bbk rb
rbmi
mihn
hnh`
h`is
is ml
mlk`
k`bk
bk jh
jhth
th ph
phnh
nhss su
suni
nitt uk
uktu
tug
g flkl
flkl`bg
`bggb
gbk
k
mib`k
mib`khs
hsis
is sl
slcb
cbc
c st
stru
rugt
gtur
ur eip
eip pb
pbmb
mb kl
klhkb
hkbtu
tuss sl
slcb`
cb`ib
ibk
k cl
clsb
sbrr bm
bmbn
bnbe
be
gb
gbrt
rtin
inb`
b`h.
h. @rbj
@rbj bm
bmbn
bnbe
be infu
infuwb
wbk
k yb
ybk`
k` pl
plrt
rtbf
bfbb gb
gbni
ni flkl
flklrb
rbpg
pgbk
bk

plk``ukbbk \T@ uktug flkl`bggbk mib`khsis MME. Mbri plflrigsbbk

iki bgbk mimbpb
mimbpbtgb
tgbk
k ebsin
ebsin clrupb
clrupb eiphlg
eiphlghig
hig pbmb eybnikl
eybnikl,, khr
khrfhl
fhlghi
ghig
g
pbmb gbpsun mbk htht slrtb eiplrlghig pbmb strugtur jicrhgbrtinb`h.
(Gurkibwbk & Jbuzi, 312<)
3. Sbmih`
h`rrbji
Sbmih`
Sbmih`rbj
rbjii phnhs
phnhs flkobm
flkobmii clr`ukb
clr`ukb uktug
uktug MME sbbt
sbbt pusbt
pusbt hsijig
hsijigbsi
bsi
glpbnb jlfur fukdun pbmb usib =-: cunbk. Qhsisi BQ pbk``un cibsbkyb
dugup. Oigb mimbpbtgbk sucnugsbsi btbu misnhgbsi, phsisi jrh` vilw ebrus
minb
minbgu
gugb
gbk
k uktu
uktug
g flki
flkinnbi bpbg
bpbgbe
be mi
misn
snhg
hgbs
bsii glpb
glpbnb
nb jlfur
lfur mbpb
mbpbtt
miglfcbnigbk gl phsisi slfunb. Clclrbpb `bris ifboiklr mbk sumut sbk`bt
clr`ukb mbnbf flkinbi rbmih`rbji pbk``un BQ cbyi. Glpbnb jlfhrbn

slebruskyb clrbmb mi gubmrbk flmibn cbwbe oigb micubt `bris Ein`lkrliklr

mb
mbk
k Ql
Qlrg
rgik
iks.
s. @bri
@briss Te
Telkt
lkthk
hk eb
ebru
russ tl
tlrs
rsbf
bfcu
cuk`
k` tltlru
rus-
s-fl
flkl
klru
russ tb
tbkpb
kpb
tlrputus. Ikmlgs bdltbcunbr flkobmi nlcie rlkmbe mlk`bk usib mbk oigb
tlrnbnu tik``i, fuk`gik flrupbgbk tbkmb mispnbsib.(Mlribkh, 3129)

3.0. Ghfpnigbsi
3.5.. Bsue
3.5 Bsuebk
bk Glplr
Glplrbw
bwbtb
btbk
k Tldbr
Tldbrb
b ]lhri
]lhri Qbmb
Qbmb Bkbg
Bkbg MME
MME (Mlvl
(Mlvlnh
nhpf
pflk
lktt
Tyspnbsib Hj Eip)

B. Qlk`g
`gbboibk

2. Ql
Qlk`g
k`gbo
boib
ibk
k fusg
fusgun unhs
hsgln
glnlt
ltbn
bn
b. Juk`
Juk`ssi fht
fhthr
hriig gbs
gbsbr
br
2) \gurbk htht ? bmbkyb btrhji
btrhji btbu eiplrt
eiplrtrhji
rhji htht 7 glsifltri
glsifltrisbk
sbk fbssb
fbssb htht
htht
3) ]hkus htht ? spbsti
spbstisitbs
sitbs,, glnlfbebk
glnlfbebk,, rlktbk`
rlktbk` `lrbg tlrcbtbs
tlrcbtbs
4) Glgubtbk
=) @lrbgbk
@lrbgbk bckhr
bckhrfbn
fbn ? trlfhr
trlfhr,, misthk
misthkib,
ib, btlt
btlthsi
hsiss
c. Juk`si fhthrig ebnus
2) Fbki
Fbkipu
punnbs
bsii fbik
fbikbk
bk
3) Flk``bfcbr
d. @byb
@byb clrobn
clrobnbk
bk ? byukb
byukbk
k nlk`bk
nlk`bk mbk gbgi,
gbgi, `byb
`byb tufit
tufit — obri
obri
m. Ql
Qlk`
k`lk
lkmb
mbni
nibk
bk phst
phstur
ur
2) Flfp
Flfplr
lrtb
tbebk
ebkgb
gbk
k phs
phsis
isii tl
tl`b
`bg
g
3) Bmbkyb bt
btbgs
gsiib
4) Clr
Clr`hyb
`hybk`
k`-`
-`hy
hybk
bk`
`
l. Qlrslkmibk
2) Slktbk` `lrbg
3) Ghktrbgtur
4) Glfl
Glflrb
rbeb
ebk,
k, lml
lmlfb
fb,, kylr
kylrii
=) ]hko
]hkohn
hnbk
bk bck
bckhr
hrf
fbn
j. ]unbk` cl
clnbgbk`
2) Nlk`guk
Nlk`guk`
` tunbk`
tunbk` clnb
clnbgbk
gbk`
` ? sghni
sghnihsi
hsis,
s, gijhs
gijhsis
is
3) Bmbk
Bmbkyb
yb nls
nlsuk
uk`
` pinh
pinhki
kimb
mbnn
`. Qik``un
2) Bcmugsi
3) Bmmugsi
4) ]lrcb
]lrcbtbskyb
tbskyb @lrbgbk
@lrbgbk bcmugsi
bcmugsi pbmb sisi pbk``un/
pbk``un/ lgstrlfi
lgstrlfitbs
tbs ybk`
ybk` clrfbsbn
clrfbsbnbe
be
3. Dr
Drit
itlr
lrib
ib plk`
plk`gb
gboi
oibk
bk
b. Fbkl
Fbkluv
uvlr
lr hrt
hrthnbk
hnbkii
c. Fbkluvlr cbrnhw
d. ]bkmb `b
`bnlbzzi
m. \o
\oii tr
trlkml
lkmlnnlkcu
lkcurr`
4. Gboi
Gboi tb
tbkm
kmbb — tbk
tbkmb
mb iri
iritb
tbsi
si gunit
gunit
=. Gboi rlsphk bkbg tlrebmb
tlrebmbp
p trbgsi
trbgsi mbk
mbk ifhcini
ifhcinisbsi
sbsi mlk`bk bmbkyb `ips spigb.
<. Gboi
Gboi tik`
tik`gbt
gbt pl
plrg
rglf
lfcbk
cbk`b
`bk
k bkbg
bkbg
:. Gboi glfbfpubk
glfbfpubk pbsilk
pbsilk uktug flk`lnhnb
flk`lnhnb plrbwbt
plrbwbtbk
bk `ips
`ips spigb
spigb mi rufbe.

QLFLSIGTBBK JITIG MME bmbnbe prhsls plrglfcbk`bk, hnle gbrlkb itu

tlrus clrucbe slirik` clrtbfcbekyb usib bkbg. Qlflrigsbbk jisig khrfbn pbsdb-
nbeir timbg flkibmbgbk mib`khsis MME sbbt plflrigsbbk clrigutkyb. Qlkinbibk
slkmi pbk``un mifunbi mlk`bk hcslrvbsi uktug bsifltri nipbtbk gunit `nutlbn btbu
pbeb, plrclmbbk pbkobk` tuk`gbi mlk`bk nutut timbg sbfb tik``i pbmb phsisi
tlrnlk
tlrnlktbk`
tbk` mlk`bk
mlk`bk pik``un
pik``un mbk nutut
nutut tlr
tlrtlg
tlgug
ug (tbkmb
(tbkmb @bnlbz
@bnlbzzi)
zi),, mbk bcmugsi
bcmugsi
pbk``un ybk` tlrcbtbs. ]ls Hrthnbki bmbnbe tls gnikis pbnik` plktik` uktug
u ktug mltlgsi
mispnbsib ybitu glpbnb jlfur ybk` tlrmisnhgbsi miglfcbnigbk gl bdltbcunuf. ]ls
Cbrnhw
Cbrnhw ybitu
ybitu plflri
plflrigsb
gsb flkmis
flkmisnhg
nhgbsi
bsi glpbnb
glpbnb jlfur
jlfur ybk`
ybk` timbg
timbg stbcin
stbcin mbri
mbri
bdltbcunuf. Tltibp pbk``un ebrus miplrigsb sldbrb ikmlplkmlk mlk`bk sisi nbik
 miphsisigbk mbnbf phsisi bcmugsi fbgsifuf uktug flk`ukdi pbk``un. Gbmbk`,
cisb mirbsbgbk gnig pbmb obrik`bk nukbg slnbfb plr`lrbgbk pik``un. Oigb pbmb
plflrigsbbk ]ls Cbrnhw ebkyb mbpbt mirbsbgbk cukyi gnig tbkpb bmbkyb tlfubk
misnhgbsi ybk` olnbs, fbgb mispnbsib fbsie mibk``bp rik`bk.

Qbmb usib 4 cunbk, tls Cbrnhw

Cbrnhw mbk Hrthnbki
Hrthnbki cibsbkyb
cibsbkyb kl`btij
kl`btij mbk tlrcbtbsky
tlrcbtbskybb
bcmugs
bcmugsii (mbk
(mbk bsiflt
bsifltri
ri bcmugs
bcmugsi)
i) flkobm
flkobmii tbkmb
tbkmb ybk`
ybk` pbnik`
pbnik` mbpbt
mbpbt mibkmbn
mibkmbngbk
gbk
uktug mltlgsi MME. Tlcube plklnitibk cbru flkukouggbk cbewb tlrcbtbskyb
bcmugsi pbk``un ukinbtlrbn sltlnbe usib mlnbpbk fik``u sbk`bt lrbt gbitbkkyb
mlk`bk MME.
MME. Qbrb plkunis
plkunis flrlghflkmbs
flrlghflkmbsigbk
igbk cbewb tbkmb
tbkmb iki ebrus
ebrus midbri
sldbrbb bgtij,
sldbr bgtij, mbk oigb mitlfugbk,
mitlfugbk, ebrus milvbnubsi nlcie nbkout mlk`bk \T@ btbu
rbmih`rbji
rbmih`rbji.. Bmbkyb gltlrcbtbsbk
gltlrcbtbsbk bmmugsi cinbtlrbn
cinbtlrbn pbk``un cugbk flrupbgbk
flrupbgbk
tbkmb bgurbt uktug MME. Bkbg ybk` funbi clrobnbk mbpbt flfinigi `byb clrobnbk
]rlkmlnlkcur`.

Mib`khsis misnhgbsi cinbtlrbn nlcie sunit7 mbpbt tlrniebt tbkmb ]rlkmlnlkcur`,

wbmmnik` `bit, mbk plkurukbk SHF bcmugsi pbk``un ybk` sifltris. MME ou`b
migbitgbk mlk`bk plkylcbc gltlrnbfcbtbk clrobnbk pbmb bkbgbkbg. Qbmb bkbg
mlk`bk MME mimbpbtgbk gltlrnbfcbtbk clrobnbk slgitbr 2 cunbk nlcie nbfcbt oigb
micbkmik`bk mlk`bk bkbg ybk` khrfbn. Kbfuk sldbrb gnikis gltlrnbfcbtbk iki
timbg si`kijigbk gbrlkb plrclmbbk wbgtu 2 cunbk mibk``bp timbg clrfbgkb mbk
fuk`gik cisb mislcbcgbk gbrlkb ebn nbik slnbik mispnbsib pbk``un.

C. Mib`
Mib`kh
khsb
sb Glp
Glplr
lrbw
bwbt
btbk
bk
2. @bk``ub
@bk``ubk
k rbsb
rbsb kybfbk
kybfbk kylri
kylri clreu
clreucuk
cuk`bk
`bk mlk`bk
mlk`bk misn
misnhgbs
hgbsii
3. @bk``ub
@bk``ubk
k fhcini
fhcinitbs
tbs jisig
jisig clreucuk
clreucuk`bk
`bk mlk`bk
mlk`bk kylri sbbt fhcinisbs
fhcinisbsii
4. @bk``ub
@bk``ubk
k chmi ifb`
ifb`ll clreucuk
clreucuk`bk
`bk mlk`b
mlk`bk
k plrucbeb
plrucbebk
k clktug
clktug tucue
tucue
D. Slkd
Slkdbk
bkbb ]ikm
]ikmbg
bgbk
bk
2. @bk``ub
@bk``ubk
k rbsb
rbsb kybfbk
kybfbk kylri
kylri clreu
clreucuk
cuk`bk
`bk mlk`bk
mlk`bk misn
misnhgbs
hgbsii
]uoubk ?Kylri mbpbt clrgurbk` btbu einbk`

Dritlrib ebsin ? Kylri clrgurbk`, Gnilk tbfpbg tlkbk`

b. Gbo
Gboi tik`
tik`gb
gbtt kylr
kylrii
Sbsihkbn ? \ktug flk`ltbeui sgbnb Kylri
c. Btur phsisi slkybfbk fuk`gik
Sbsihkbn ? Flkurukgbk tik`gbt gltl`bk`bk pbmb mblrbe kylri

d. Bo
Bobr
brgb
gbk
k tlgek
tlgekig
ig rln
rlnbgs
bgsbs
bsii
Sbsihkbn ? Flrlnbgsbsi htht-htht tucue
m. Ghnbch
Ghnbchrbs
rbsii p
plfc
lfclri
lribk
bk bkbn`lt
bkbn`ltig
ig
Sbsihkbn ? Flk`eibk`gbk rbsb kylri
3. @bk``ubk
@bk``ubk fhcinitbs
fhcinitbs jisig clreucuk`bk
clreucuk`bk mlk`bk kylri sbbt fhcinisbs
fhcinisbsii
]uoubk ? Gnilk mbpbt clr`lrbg clcbs
Dritlrib ebsin ? Gnilk mbpbt clr`lrbg clcbs
b. Gboi
Gboi tik`
tik`gbt
gbt fhcini
fhcinisbs
sbsii g
gni
nilk
lk
Sbsihkbn ? Flk`imlktijigbsi nik`gup fbsbnbe sldbrb miki, slcb`bi plmhfbk

tikmbgbk slnbkoutkyb
c. Clri nbtiebk SHF
Sbsihkbn ? Flfuniegbk btbu flkik`gbtgbk juk`si slkmi mbk glgubtbk htht
ybk` clrgurbk` gbrlkb prhsls plkybgit btbu gldlnbgbbk
d. Bkourg
Bkourgbk
bk bnbt
bnbt cbktu
cbktu oigb
oigb micu
micutue
tuegbk
gbk
Sbsihkbn ? flfcbktu mbnbf flnbgugbk subtu ebn .
4. @bk``ubk
@bk``ubk chmy ifb`l clreucuk`bk
clreucuk`bk mlk
mlk`bk
`bk plrucbebk
plrucbebk clktug tucue
tucue
tuoubk ? Fbsbnbe gnilk tlrbtbsi
Dritlrib ebsin ? Gnilk mbpbt flkuk`gbpgbk fbsbnbekyb
b. Gboi gh
ghk
kslp mi
miri
Sbsihkbn ? Flk`imlktijigbsi nik`gup fbsbnbe sldbrb miki, slcb`bi plmhfbk
tikmbgbk slnbkoutkyb
c. Cbktu gnilk flk`uk`gbpgbk fbsbnbekyb
Sbsihkbn
Sbsihkbn ? Flfclrigbk
Flfclrigbk fikbt mbk plrebtibk
plrebtibk slrtb
slrtb flfplrcbigi
flfplrcbigi glsbnbebk
ghkslp

d. Clri
Clrigbk
gbk mug
muguk`
uk`bk
bk spir
spirit
itubn
ubn glp
glpbmb
bmb gni
gnilk
lk
Sbsihk
Sbsihkbn
bn ? B`br gnilk tltbp
tltbp clrslf
clrslfbk`
bk`bt
bt mbk timbg
timbg clrput
clrputus
us bsb tlr
tlrebmb
ebmbp
p
plrucbebk stbtus glslebtbkkyb

3.9. Qlrbwbtbk Qbmb Bkbg MME

2. Qbvnig Ebrklss

Qbvnig Ebrklss bmbnbe slcube bnbt ybk` mipbsbk` pbmb cbyi mi cbwbe usib :
cunbk. Qlrbk`gbt iki bgbk flkufpu gbgi cbyi mlk`bk phsisi pik``un ybk`
flfcuk`gug sleik``b nbfb glnbfbbk pik``un bgbk mbpbt flfplrhnle phsisi
khrfbnkyb.

3. Tpidb dbst

Tpidb
Tpidb dbst
dbst bmbnbe
bmbnbe bnbt
bnbt uktug
uktug flkyli
flkylifcb
fcbk`g
k`gbk
bk phsisi
phsisi pik``bk`,
pik``bk`, gbg
gbgi,
i, mbk
pbk``un. Cbebk ybk` mi`ukbgbk bnbt iki bmbnbe pnbstig btbupuk jiclr `nbss mbk
mbpbt mi`ukbgbk mbnbf wbgtu 3-4 cunbk.

Bnbt iki mi`ukbgbk uktug cbyi ybk` usibkyb nlcie mbri : cunbk. ]lrmbpbt spbsi
pbmb glmub gbgi b`br mbpbt flfplrgubt phsisi gbgi bkbg tlrslcut.

Qlrbwbtbk plkukobk`?

2. Gbwbt `i`i btbu spnikts

Mbpbtt mi`ukb
Mbpb mi`ukbgbk
gbk slcb`bi
slcb`bi plk``bk
plk``bkti
ti ebrkls
ebrklsss Qbvnig
Qbvnig btbu
btbu Tpidb
Tpidb dhr.
dhr. Btbu
Btbu
flrlgb mbpbt mi`ukbgbk sltlnbe hplrbsi.

3. Hplrbsi

Iki fuk`gik miplrnugbk uktug flfplrcbigi dbdbt tunbk` pbeb btbu pik``un.
Tlhrbk` bkbg ybk` flfinigi hplrbsi fuk`gik bgbk plrnu flfbgbi Tpidb ybk`
minlfpbrgbk gl phsisi slkmi pbk``un sbfpbi slfcue.

4. ]lrbpi jisig

Tlhrbk` bkbg ybk` tlnbe mi dhr spidb fuk`gik plrnu flnbgugbk nbtiebk uktug
flkmbpbtgbk glfcbni `lrbgbk mbk flfcbk`uk glgubtbk htht pbmb gbgi.
 CBC III

QLK\]\Q

4.2 Glsifpunbk

Mlvln
Mlvlnhp
hpfl
flkt
ktbn
bn misp
mispnb
nbsi
sibb hj tel
tel ei
eip
p (M
(MME
ME)) flru
flrupbg
pbgbk
bk glnbi
glnbikbk
kbk yb
ybk`
k`
slrik`gbni
slrik`gbni flkylcbcgbk fbsbnbe
fbsbnbe clrglpbkobk`
clrglpbkobk`bk
bk tlrebmbp
tlrebmbp pbsilk.
pbsilk. Pbnbupuk
Pbnbupuk
glwbspbmbbk
glwbspbmbbk tlrebmbp MME pbmb cbyi cbru nbeir sumbe funbi flkik`gbt kbfuk

slrik`gbni glnbikbk iki nuput mbri plflrigsbbk mbk tlrmltlgsi sbbt pbsilk sumbe
funbi clrobnbk.
clrobnbk. Qbmb glbmbbk slplrti
slplrti iki, ufufkyb tlnbe tlrobmi
tlrobmi ghktrbgtur pbmb
obrik`bk slgitbr pbk``un ybk` bgbk flfplk`bruei ebsin tlrbpi.
4.3 Tbrbk

Tlcb`bi plkunis, gbfi flkybmbri cbewb fbgbnbe iki cbkybg slgbni glsbnbebk
mbk sbk`bt obue mbri glslfpurkbbk.

]lktukyb, plkunis bgbk tlrus flfplrcbigi fbgbnbe mlk`bk flk`bdu pbmb

sufclr ybk` miplrtbk``uk`obwbcgbk kbktikyb.

Hnle
Hnle gbrlkb
gbrlkb itu,
itu, plkuni
plkuniss sbk`bt
sbk`bt flk`ebr
flk`ebrbpgb
bpgbk
k gritig
gritig mbk sbrbk
sbrbk mbri
mbri pbrb
pbrb
plfcbdb ybk` clrsijbt flfcbk`uk.

Mbjtbr Qustbgb

(Gurkibwbk & Jbuzi, 312<)Gurkibwbk, B., & Jbuzi, B. (312<). Bppnidbtihk hj Qbvnig
Ebrklss ik Mlvlnhpflktbn Myspnbsib hj tel Eip ( Mme ). Ourkbn Ougl,
Ougl , =(5), 319—
320.

Mlribkh, C. (3129). Mib`khsis Miki Mispnbsib

Mispnbsib Qbk``un. =:(22), :=0—:<2.

Gurkibwbk, B., & Jbuzi, B. (312<). Bppnidbtihk hj Qbvnig Ebrklss ik Mlvlnhpflktbn

Myspnbsib hj tel Eip ( Mme ). Ourkbn Ougl,
Ougl, =(5), 319—320.

Qurwbti K. Elky MGG. 3129. Tik`bphrl. ]IK

IKO
OB\BK LNTLZIL
ILS
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GLQLSB
GLQLSBPB]
PB]BK
BK BKBG LMITI 2. Cbc 29 plrbwbtbk bkbg mlk`bk
BKBG LMITI
misjuk`si fusdunhsglnltbn mbk brtidunbr Ebn 399 ITCK? 905-952-=:::-4=-4