TS JUNIOR INTER

SUB: BOTANY IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

I VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS:
QUESTION NO-1
1. What does ICBN stand for
2. Define metabolism. What is the difference between anabolism and catabolism?
3. Define the terms couplet and lead in taxonomic key
4. What is the basic unit of classification? Define it.
5. Give the scientific name of Mango. Identify the generic name and specific epithet
QUESTION NO-2
1. How are Viroids different from Viruses
2. What do the terms phycobiont and mycobiont signify ?
3. What do the terms ‘algal bloom’ and ‘red tides’ signify ?
4. Who proposed five kingdom classification ? How many kingdoms of this classification contain eukaryotes
5. Name two diseases caused by Mycoplasmas
QUESTION NO-3
1. Name the books written by Parasara and mention the important aspects discussed in those books
2. Who is popularly known as father of Botany ? What was the book written by him ?
3. Who discovered the cell and what was the book written by him ?
4. What is Palaeobotany ? What is its use?
5.Which group of Plants is called amphibians of plant kingdom? Name the branch of Botany which deals
with Them
QUESTION NO-4
1. Differentiate fibrous roots from adventitious roots.
2. What type of specialized roots are found in epiphytic plants ? what is their function?
3. What is meant by pulvinus leaf base ? in members of which angiospermic family do you find them
4. Define venation. How do dicots differ from monocots with respect to venation?
5. Which organ is modified to trap insects in insectivorous plants? Give two examples .
6. What is the morphology of cup like structure in Cyathium? In which family it is Found
QUESTION NO-5
1. Differentiate actinomorhic from zygomorphic flower
2. What is meant by epipetalous condition? Give an example.
3. Differentiate between apocarppous and sycarpous ovary.
a.What is meant by parthenocarpic fruit? How is it useful?
4. Define mericarp. In which plant you find it?
5. What are aggregate fruits ? Give two examples
QUESTION NO-6
1. What is ‘Omega Taxonomy’?
2. What is geocarpy? Name the plant which exhibits this phenomenon.
3. Name the type of pollination mechanism found in members of Fabaceae.
4. Write the floral formula of solanum plant.
5. Give the technical description of anthers of Allium cepa
QUESTION NO-7
1. What is the significance of vacuole in a plant cell?
2. What does ‘S’ refer in a 70S & and 80S ribosome?
3. What are gas vacuoles? State their functions?
4. What is the feature of a metacentric chromosome?
5. What is referred to as satellite chromosome?
6. What is middle lamella made of? What is its functional significance?
7. What is osmosis?
8. Which part of the bacterial cell is targeted in gram staining?
QUESTION NO-8
1. Medicines are either man made (i.e., synthetic) or obtained from living organisms like plants, bacteria,
animals etc. and hence the latter are called natural products. Sometimes natural products are chemically
altered by man to reduce toxicity or side effects. Write against each of the following whether they were
initially obtained as a natural product or as a synthetic chemical
a) Penicillin____________ b) Sulfonamide___________________
c) Vitaman C_____________ d) Growth Hormone________________ .
2. Give one example for each of aminoacids, sugars, nucleotides and fatty acids.
3. Explain the Zwitterionic form of an amino acid. 05. What constituents of DNA are linked by glylosidic
bond?
4. Glycine and Alanine are different with respect to one substituent on the α-carbon. What are the other
common substituent groups? (
5. Starch, Cellulose, Glycogen, Chitin are polysaccharides found among the following. Choose the
appropriate and write against each
a) Cotton fibre___________ b) Exoskeleton of cockroach_________
c) Liver______________ d) Peeled potato___________________
QUESTION NO-9
1. Which of the phases of cell cycle is of longest duration?
2. Given that the average duplication time of E.Coli is 20 minutes. How much time will E.Coli cells take to
become 32 cells.
3. Which of the four chromatids of a bivalent at prophase-I of meiosis can involve in cross over?
4. If a tissue has at a given time 1024 cells. How many cycles of mitosis had the original parental single cell
undergone?
5. An anther has 1200 pollen grains. How many pollen mother cells must have been there to produce them?
6. At what stage of cell cycle does DNA synthesis occur?
7. Name the stage of meiosis in which actual reduction in chromosome number occurs
QUESTION NO-10
1. If one debarks a tree, what parts of the plant are removed?
2. Climax stage is achieved quickly in secondary succession as compared to primary succession. Why?
3. Among bryophytes, lichens and ferns which one is a pioneer species in a xeric succession?
4. Give any two examples of xerarch succession.
5. Name the type of land plants that can tolerate the salinities of the sea.
6. Define heliophytes and sciophytes. Name a plant from your locality that is either heliophyte or sciophyte.
7. Define population and community.
8. Define communities? Who classified plant communities into hydrophytes, mesophytes and xerophytes?
9. Hydrophytes show reduced xylem. Why?
II. SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS:
QUESTION NO-11
1. What are the characteristic features of Euglenoids?
2. Give the salient features and importance of Chrysophytes .
3. Give a brief account of Dinoflagellates. .
4. Write the role of Fungi in our daily life
QUESTION NO-12
1. Differentiate between red algae and brown algae .
2. Differentiate between liverworts and mosses.
3. What is meant by homosporous and heterosporous pteridophytes? Give two examples
4. Give a brief account of prothallus. .

QUESTION NO-13
1. “Fertilisation is not an obligatory event for fruit production in certain plants”. Explain the statement.
2. List the changes observed in angiosperm flower subsequent to pollination and fertilization
3. Distinguish between asexual and sexual reproduction. Why is vegetative reproduction also considered as a
type of asexual reproduction?
4. Give a brief account on the phases of the life cycle of an angiosperm plant .
QUESTION NO-14
1. Describe the non-essential floral parts of plants belonging to Fabaceae
2. Describe the essential floral parts of plants belonging to Liliaceae.
3. Describe the essential organs of solanaceae.
4. Give economic importance of plants belonging to Fabaceae.
QUESTION NO-15
1. Describe the cell organelle which contain chlorophyll pigments
2. Describe the structure and function of power houses of cell
3. Briefly describe the cell theory
4. Describe the structure of nucleus
5. Give a brief account of the types of chromosomes based on the position of centromere
6. What are nucleosomes? What are they made of?
7. Name two cell-organelles that are double membrane bound. What are the characteristics of these two
organelles? State their functions and draw labeled diagrams of both.
QUESTION NO-16
1. Explain prophase 1 of meiosis
2. Which division is necessary to maintain constant chromosome number in all body cells of multicellular
organism and why?
3. Though redundantly described as a resting phase, interphase does not really involve rest. Comment
4. Write a brief account of polysaccharides
QUESTION NO-17
1. What are hydrophytes? Briefly discuss the different kinds of hydrophytes with examples.
2. Enumerate the morphological adaptations of hydrophytes
3. List out the anatomical adaptations of hydrophytes.
4. Write a brief account on classification of xerophytes.
5. Enumerate the morphological adaptations of xerophytes
6. Define Plant succession. Differentiate primary & secondary successions
QUESTION NO-18
1. Schematically represent primary, secondary and tertiary structures of a hypothetical polymer using protein
as an example.
2. Nucleic acid exhibits secondary structure, justify with example.
3. A transverse section of the trunk of a tree shows concentric rings which are known as annual rings. How
are these rings formed? What is the significance of these rings?
III. LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS:
QUESTION NO-19
1. Define root modification. Explain how root is modified to perform different functions.
2. Explain how stem is modified variously to perform different functions.
3. Explain different types of racemose inflorescences.
QUESTION NO-20
1. With a neat, labeled diagram, describe the parts of a mature angiosperm embryosac. Mention the role of
synergids.
2. Draw the diagram of a microsporangium and label its wall layers. Write briefly about the wall layers .
3. Describe the process of fertilization in angiosperms.
QUESTION NO-21
1. Describe the T.S. of a dicot stem
2. Describe the T.S. of monocot stem
3. Describe the internal structure of a dicot root
4. Describe the internal structure of a monocot root.