HEMICAL BONDING

C
Elements & Compounds
GENERAL CHEMISTRY INFOGRAPHICS
VALENCE ELECTRONS are the outermost electrons in an
atom's shell and are crucial for chemical bonding as
Why do elements react to form compounds ? they are the electrons involved in forming bonds.
Elements react to form compounds because they
seek to achieve a stable electron configuration by Lewis Dot Symbols for the Representative Elements &
either gaining, losing, or sharing electrons, which Noble Gases
results in a lower energy state and increased
stability.
Electron configuration predict reactivity
Element Electron Configuration
Mg (12e-) 1S^2 2S^2 2P^6 3S^2 Reactive
Mg^2+ [Ne] Stable

Chemical Bonds
Single Bonds - Example: H2 (Hydrogen gas)
Double Bonds - Example: O2 (Oxygen gas)
Triple Bonds - Example: N2 (Nitrogen gas)

3 types of Chemical Bonds

A LEWIS STRUCTURE is a simplified way to ELECTRONEGATIVITY
(With Lewis Structure examples) represent the arrangement of valence Electronegativity refers to the tendency
IONIC BONDS electrons in an atom or molecule using of an atom to attract electrons in a

.. . -
dots or lines to show bonds between chemical bond. It's a measure of how

.
Sodium Chloride (NaCl)
+
[Na] [. Cl. ]
atoms. strongly an atom pulls shared electrons

.. THE OCTET RULE is a simplified way to

represent the arrangement of valence
toward itself when forming a bond with
another atom.
POLAR COVALENT BONDS electrons in an atom or molecule using

...
dots or lines to show bonds between
Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)

...
atoms.
H --- F
COVALENT BONDS

.. ..
----C..
..C ----
Carbon gas (C2)