The Forests

in Pakistan

By Ma’am Laley Erum

Types of Forest
➢ Alpine Forest
➢ Coniferous forests
➢ Tropical thorn forests
➢ Sub-tropical dry forests
➢ Irrigated forest
➢ Riverine forests
➢ Mangrove forest

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 Alpine Forest

➢ Trees with stunted growth,

due to low temperature and
less sunlight.
➢ Normally upward branches to
attain maximum sunlight.
➢ Essential to obtain fuel wood

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only.
➢ Not economically important
 Coniferous forest ➢ Evergreen forests.
➢ Conical in shape, sloping
branches which prevent
snow accumulation, small
thick leathery, needle like
leaves to prevent loss of
water.

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 Tropical thorn Forest
➢ Low heighted (6-10 meters)
➢ Thorny hardwood
➢ Deep roots
➢ Scanty vegetation
➢ Trees used for firewood.
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 Sub-Tropical Scrub Forest ➢ These Sub Tropical trees and
broad leafed and are tropical
thorny species.
➢ Uses consist of, as a watershed
protection, supplying firewood
and grazing purposes.

Broad leaves

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 Irrigated Forest ➢ Changa Manga, Wan Bachran in
the Thal Area, Chicha Watni in
the Sahiwal district and Guddu
barrages and Ghulam
Muhammad district
➢ Economically important species
are planted in large blocks.
Shisham, Babul and Eucalyptus
are normally preferred.
➢ Important sources of timber,
firewood. When planted in linear
form they provide shade.
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 Riverine or Bela Forest ➢ Located near River Indus and its
tributaries
➢ Linear plantation along the banks of
rivers, normally high yielding
commercial hardwood species.
➢ They provide Shisham and Babul,
two valuable species, which are
used for making furniture and are
also for agricultural implements.
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 Mangrove Forests ➢ Broad leaves with drip tips,
leathery textures to minimize
transpiration, low trees
(general height is 3 meters)
and shrubs grown on the tidal
mud flats.
➢ Mangrove roots spread into
sea water and survive in salty
water. Stunted growth of trees
in Indus and the Hub delta.
Importance of Mangrove Forests
➢ Supply firewood
➢ Coastal Communities use these
forests for timber.
➢ Breeding grounds for fish and
shrimps. Livestock feed on the
leaves too
➢ Protect coastline from erosion
and other damage
➢ Act as barrier against intensity

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of Earthquakes and tsunamis

by absorbing shock waves
 TREE COVER IN PAKISTAN
Deforestation As of 2010, Pakistan had 525000
hectares of tree cover, representing
Removal of trees to convert 0.6% of the total land area.
land into farms, ranches, or
Cities
Area in Hectares
Tree Cover 525000
Non-Forests 86900000

Non-Forest Tree Cover

➢ Forests still cover about 30% of
World’s land but half the size of
England is lost each year.
➢ Since 1990s Pakistan lost 14.7%
of its forests and woodland
habitat.

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➢ According to Pakistan Today the

deforestation rate in Pakistan is
highest in the world.
 Location of tree cover loss in Causes of Deforestation
Pakistan
55% of all tree cover loss between Logging &
Agriculture
2001 and 2016 Illegal Loggers
Region Area in Areas in
Hectares Hectares
KPK 4200
64% Land is needed to
Deforestation assist growing
FATA 4100 occur due to population
PUNJAB 430 farming
AZAD KASHMIR 390
NORTHERN AREAS 110 Urbanization Fuel wood

Rising wood Pakistan is ranked

and paper 15th among the
based world for fuel wood

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products’ consumption
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KPK Fata demand

Punjab Azad Jammu kashmir
Northern Areas
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Global Warming
Harm to Nature
Climate Change
After Effects

Loss of Habitat
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 Opportunities and challenges of
Pakistan’s afforestation drive
Afforestation is planting of trees
to create a forest in areas that
have never been forested.
Afforestation and reforestation
are two useful ways to combat
climate change and
Environmental threats.
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INIATIVES TO PROTECT FORESTS
➢ REDD+ UN – REDD
PROGRAMME
➢ It is a United Nation
program that rewards
governments, companies,
and forest owners in the
global south for keeping
their forests alive and
healthy.
➢ By 2020 it is introducing
result-based payments to
forest communities for
their efforts in protecting
trees.
➢ Pakistan won a grant of
US $ 3.8 million from
Forest Carbon
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Partnership Facility for
forest protection.
 GREEN PAKISTAN PROGRAME
➢ Ex-prime minister Nawaz Sharif
announced this program worth Rs.
3.7 billion on February 9, 2017 that
aim to plant 100 million trees all
over the country.
➢ This will help improve forest cover
as well as contribute to meet
domestic demand for wood
sustainability.
➢ Government is further
implementing the Sustainable
Forest Management and
Sustainable Land Management
projects to contribute to the cause.
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Compartment No.32,
Changa Manga Plantation
SOUTH PUNJAB FOREST COMPANY
➢ Government of Punjab
established the company to
reduce dependence on natural
forests for fuel wood and other
purposes.
➢ The aim is to promote forestry
investment across 6 districts of
Punjab.
➢ Company will lease forest land
for 15 years to raise plantations
that can fulfil the needs of wood-
based industry, creating jobs,
reduce import bills and halt
logging pressure on natural
forests.
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SOUTH PUNJAB FOREST COMPANY
 BILLION TREE TSUNAMI PROJECT
➢ KPK Government initiated this
program to increase forest cover in
province and plant 1 billion trees by
this year’s end.
➢ So far planted around 750 million
trees.
➢ It is recognized as 4th biggest
initiative in the world of
afforestation
➢ The projected new-tree cover area
tends to 2% of KPK’s total area.
➢ It also increased job opportunities
to 5lac people.
➢ It will help to adapt extreme climate
changes as well.
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Bare rooted nursery sapling
for plantation in KPK.
It is reported that Prophet
(PBUH) said, “Planting a tree
is (an act of) continuous
charity.”
[Derived from Sahih Muslim,
Hadith: 1552]

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