02212020/CAPE/KMS 2021

C A R I B B E A N E X A M I N A T I O N S C O U N C I L

CARIBBEAN ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION®

CHEMISTRY

UNIT 2 – PAPER 02

KEY AND MARK SCHEME

MAY/JUNE 2021
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02212020/CAPE/KMS 2021
CHEMISTRY
UNIT 2 – PAPER 02
KEY AND MARK SCHEME

MODULE 2

ANALYTICAL METHODS AND SEPARATION TECHNIQUES

Question 2.

Specific Objectives: Module 2. 1.1, 2.1-2.6, 3.4

KC UK XS
(a) (i) Accuracy is the degree with which a measurement/data
value/measured value/experimental value [1 mark]
is close to the
2
true/correct/theoretical/accepted/actual/real value
[1 mark]

(ii) Precision is the degree with which

measurements/results/measured values/experimental
values/data values[1 mark]are consistent/close to each
other/in agreement with each other.[1 mark]
OR
Precision refers to the agreement between two or more 2
measurements [1 mark] that have been carried out
exactly the same way.[1 mark]
OR
Precision is the ability to retain the constant same
results[1 mark] under unchanged conditions.[1 mark]

(b) (i) Sodium hydrogen carbonate is a primary standard because:

 It is readily soluble in water/has a high solubility
 It is stable in air/not hygroscopic/does not react with
oxygen/not deliquescent
 It can be obtained in high purity 3
 It gives reproducible titration results
 Absence of water of crystallization/hydrate
[Any Three – 1 mark each]

(ii)  Sodium hydroxide is not a primary standard because it

is unstable in air/reacts with carbon dioxide in the
air.
 NaOH is deliquescent 1
 It absorbs water from the atmosphere/it is hygroscopic

ANY ONE point [1 mark]

(c) (i) 2NaHCO3 (aq) + H2SO4 (aq) → Na2SO4 (aq) + 2H2O (l) + 2CO2 (g) 2

1 mark for formula and balancing

1 mark for physical states
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02212020/CAPE/KMS 2021
CHEMISTRY
UNIT 2 – PAPER 02
KEY AND MARK SCHEME

(ii) 1000 cm3 H2SO4 contains 5 moles

23.5 cm3 H2SO4 contains 5 × 23.5/1000 moles = 0.1175/0.12
moles [1 mark]

2 moles NaHCO3 reacts with 1 mole H2SO4 [1 mark]

4
Moles NaHCO3 = 2 × 0.1175 = 0.235 moles (0.24)[1 mark]

Mass NaHCO3 = 0.235 mol × 84 g mol-1 =19.74g (20.16)

[1 mark]

(d) (i) The mean volume is the average of the numbers taken from
data in a number of identical experiments/is calculated
by dividing the sum of the accepted titration volumes by
the number of titration volumes OR written as a 1
mathematical expression where x1 = volume/the average of
all the volumes in a set. [1 mark]

(ii) mean titre = 25.25 + 25.35 + 25.30 = 25.30 cm3

3
1 mark for selected titre values, 1 mark for answer to 2
two d.p.

(iii) Standard deviation is a measure of how the numbers are

spread out from the mean. [1 mark] 1
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02212020/CAPE/KMS 2021
CHEMISTRY
UNIT 2 – PAPER 02
KEY AND MARK SCHEME

Question 2. (continued)

KC UK XS
(iv) standard deviation =
( 25.25-25.30)2 + ( 25.35-25.30)2 +(25.30-25.30)2
= 0.052 +0.052 = 0.005/2 = 0.0025 [1 mark]

∑
S = √ = 0.05 (value calculated using the
three volumes above) 3

The standard deviation value is very low (1) and this

suggests that the individual titre values are near to
the mean titre value OR the individual titre values are
showing a high level of precision (1). [2 marks]

Alternative answer if student uses four or more titre

values to calculate the mean:

The SD is not very low (1) and this suggests that the
individual titre values are NOT near to the mean titre
value OR the individual tire values are NOT showing a high
level of precision (1). [2marks]

(e) Loss of water =0.612 – 0.522 =0.09 g

Moles of water = 0.09 g/18 g mol-1 =0.005 moles [1 mark]

Moles of barium chloride (residue) =

0.522 g/208.3 g mol-1 = 0.0025 moles [1 mark]

BaCl2 : H2O = 0.0025: 0.005 = 1:2 [1 mark]

Formula = BaCl2 . 2H2O [1 mark] 4

(f) • 25.0 cm3 of the given brand of vinegar is transferred into a

250 cm3 volumetric flask and made up to the mark and shaken.
[1 mark]
• 20.0 cm3 / 25.0 cm3 of the diluted vinegar is pipetted into a
titration/conical flask. [1 mark]
5
• phenolphthalein is added to the titration/conical flask.
[1 mark]
• The mixture is titrated to the first permanent pink end-
point/pink end-point.
[1 mark]
• Repeat to consistent values/until titre values do not differ
by more than 0.1cm3 [1 mark]
Total 30 marks 10 15 5