MOTION IN A STRAIGHT LINE 21

EBD_7418
22 PHYSICS

Exercise 1 : Topic-wise MCQs

(c) Both P and Q move with uniform speeds but the speed
Topic 1: Distance, Displacement & Uniform Motion
of P is more than the speed of Q
1. A body is moving along a straight line path with constant (d) Both P and Q move with uniform speeds but the speed
velocity. At an instant of time the distance travelled by it of Q is more than the speed of P.
is S and its displacement is D, then 11. The distance travelled by a body is directly proportional to
(a) D < S (b) D > S (c) D = S (d) D £ S the time taken. Its speed
2. The location of a particle has changed. What can we say (a) increases (b) decreases
about the displacement and the distance covered by the (c) becomes zero (d) remains constant
particle? 12. The slope of velocity-time graph for motion with uniform
(a) Neither can be zero (b) One may be zero velocity is equal to
(c) Both may be zero (d) One is +ve, other is –ve (a) final velocity (b) initial velocity
3. The displacement of a body is zero. The distance covered (c) zero (d) none of these
(a) is zero 13. The ratio of the numerical values of the average velocity
(b) is not zero and average speed of a body is
(c) may or may not be zero (a) unity (b) unity or less
(d) depends upon the acceleration (c) unity or more (d) less than unity
4. In 1.0 s, a particle goes from point A to point B, moving in a 14. The slope of the tangent drawn on position-time graph at
semicircle of radius 1.0 m (see Figure). The magnitude of the any instant is equal to the instantaneous
average velocity is A (a) acceleration (b) force
(c) velocity (d) momentum
(a) 3.14 m/s 15. The displacement-time graphs of two particles A and B are
1.0m
straight lines making angles of 30º and 60º respectively
(b) 2.0 m/s with the time axis. If the velocity of A is vA and that of B is
vB, the value of vA/vB is
(c) 1.0 m/s
(a) 1/2 (b) 1 / 3 (c) 3 (d) 1/3
(d) Zero 16. What is the rate of change of velocity of an object in uniform
B motion ?
5. The numerical ratio of displacement to distance for a moving (a) Always equal to zero
object is (b) Always less than one
(a) always less than 1 (b) always equal to 1 (c) Always greater than one
(c) always more than 1 (d) equal to or less than 1 (d) Either less than or equal to one.
6. Which of the following can be zero, when a particle is in 17. Choose the wrong statement from the following.
motion for some time? (a) The motion of an object along a straight line is a
(a) Distance (b) Displacement rectilinear motion.
(c) Speed (d) None of these (b) The speed in general is less than the magnitude of the
7. If distance covered by a particle is zero, what can you say velocity.
about its displacement? (c) The slope of the displacement-time graph gives the
(a) It may or may not be zero (b) It cannot be zero velocity of the body.
(c) It is negative (d) It must be zero (d) The area under the velocity-time graph gives the
8. Which of the following is a one dimensional motion ? displacement of the body.
(a) Motion of snake 18. An athlete completes one round of a circular track of radius
(b) Motion of air particle R in 40 sec. What will be his displacement at the end of
(c) Motion of satellite 3 min. 20 sec ?
(d) Motion of train running on a straight track (a) Zero (b) 2 R (c) 2 pR (d) 7 pR
9. A man of height h walks in a straight path towards a lamp 19. Which of the following graph cannot possibly represent
post of height H with velocity v. Then velocity of the edge one dimensional motion of a particle?
of the shadow on the ground will be x x
hv hv H+h (H – h )
(a) (b) (c) (d)
H+h H–h Hv Hh (a) t (b)
10. The fig given shows the x P t
Q
time-displacement curve of
two particles P and Q. speed
Which of the following O t
statement is correct? (c) (d) All of these
(a) Both P and Q move with uniform equal speed t
(b) P is accelerated Q is retarded
MOTION IN A STRAIGHT LINE 23

20. Consider the following statements and select the incorrect (a) zero (b) 2 km h–1
statements. 1
I. The magnitude of instantaneous velocity of a particle (c) 10 km s–1 (d) km s -1
2
is equal to its instantaneous speed. 30. A point traversed half of the distance with a velocity v0.
II. The magnitude of the average velocity in an interval The half of remaining part of the distance was covered with
is equal to its average speed in that interval. velocity v1 & second half of remaining part by v2 velocity.
III. It is possible to have a situation in which the speed of
The mean velocity of the point, averaged over the whole
the particle is never zero but the average speed in an
interval is zero. time of motion is
IV. It is possible to have a situation in which the speed of v 0 + v1 + v 2 2 v 0 + v1 + v 2
(a) (b)
particle is zero but the average speed is not zero. 3 3
(a) II, III and IV (b) I and II v 0 + .2 v1 + 2 v 2 2 v 0 (v1 + v 2 )
(c) II and III (d) IV only (c) (d)
3 (2v 0 + v1 + v 2 )
21. The total distance travelled by the body in the given time
is equal to Topic 2: Non-Uniform Motion
(a) the area which v– t graph encloses with displacement axis
(b) the area which x – t graph encloses with time axis 31. What determines the nature of the path followed by the
(c) the area which v – t graph encloses with time axis particle?
(d) the area which a – t graph encloses with axis (a) Speed (b) Velocity
22. Choose the correct equation to determine distance in a (c) Acceleration (d) Both (b) and (c)
straight line for a body with uniform motion. 32. The graph between displacement and time for a particle
v moving with uniform acceleration is a/an
(a) s = (b) s = v2t (a) straight line with a positive slope
t
1 2 (b) parabola
(c) s = ut + at (d) s = v × t2 (c) ellipse
2 (d) straight line parallel to time axis
23. A particle moves 2m east then 4m north then 5 m west. 33. The acceleration of a moving body can be found from
The distance is (a) area under velocity - time graph
(a) 11 m (b) 10 m (c) –11 m (d) 5 m (b) area under distance -time graph
24. A body moves in straight line with velocity v1 for 1/3rd (c) slope of the velocity- time graph
time and for remaining time with v2. Find average (d) slope of distance-time graph
velocity. 34. Acceleration of a particle changes when
v1 2v 2 v1 v 2 2v1 v 2 2v 2 (a) direction of velocity changes
(a) + (b) + (c) + (d) v1 + (b) magnitude of velocity changes
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 (c) speed changes
25. Select the incorrect statements from the following. (d) Both (a) and (b)
I. Average velocity is path length divided by time interval. 35. The area under acceleration time graph gives
II. In general, speed is greater than the magnitude of (a) distance travelled (b) change in acceleration
the velocity. (c) force acting (d) change in velocity
III. A particle moving in a given direction with a non- 36. The incorrect statement(s) from the following is/are
zero velocity can have zero speed. I. A body having zero velocity will not necessarily
IV. The magnitude of average velocity is equal to the have zero acceleration.
average speed. II. A body having zero velocity will necessarily have
(a) II and III (b) I and IV zero acceleration.
(c) I, III and IV (d) I, II, III and IV III. A body having uniform speed can have only
26. A particle moves in straight line with velocity 6 m/s and uniform acceleration.
3 m/s for time intervals which are in ratio 1: 2 . Find IV. A body having non-uniform velocity will have zero
average velocity. acceleration.
(a) 2 m/s (b) 3 m/s (c) 4 m/s (d) 5 m/s
27. A particle moves from (2,3) m to (4,1) m. The magnitude (a) II, III and IV (b) I and II
(c) II and III (d) IV only
of displacement is 37. Which of the following is the correct expression of
(a) 2 m (b) 2 3 m (c) 2 2 m (d) 3 2 m instantaneous acceleration?
28. Which of the following is not possible for a body in
Dv dv
uniform motion? (a) a = 2
(b) a =
( Dt) dt
Displacement
Displacement

2
d2 v æ Dv ö
(c) a = 2 (d) a = ç ÷
dt è Dt ø
(a) (b) 38. If a body travels with constant acceleration, which of the
following quantities remains constant ?
Time Time (a) Displacement (b) Velocity
(c) Both (a) & (b) (d) None of these (c) Time (d) None of these
29. A man leaves his house for a cycle ride. He comes back to 39. Velocity time curve for a body projected vertically upwards is
his house after half-an-hour after covering a distance of (a) parabola (b) ellipse
one km. What is his average velocity for the ride ? (c) hyperbola (d) straight line
 EBD_7418
24 PHYSICS

40. A bus starts moving with acceleration 2 m/s2. A cyclist 96 48. The velocity-time graph of a body is shown in fig. The ratio
m behind the bus starts simultaneously towards the bus at of average acceleration during the intervals OA and AB is
20 m/s. After what time will he be able to overtake the bus? (a) 1 v (m/s)
(a) 4 sec (b) 8 sec (c) 18 sec (d) 16 sec
41. The velocity time graph of the motion of the body is as 1 D C
40
shown below (b)
2
A B 1
u
(c)
v(m/s)

3 30º 60º
C O E
D E
o (d) 3 A B t (s)
t1 t2 t3 t (s)
49. A bullet fired into a wooden block loses half of its velocity
The total distance travelled by the body during the
after penetrating 40 cm. It comes to rest after penetrating a
motion is equal to ____.
further distance of
1 1 22 40 20 22
(a) (AD + BE) × OC (b) (OA + BC) × OC (a) cm (b) cm (c) cm (d) cm
2 2 3 3 3 5
1 1 50. A body covers 26, 28, 30, 32 meters in 10 , 11 , 12th and
th th
(c) (OC + AB) × AD (d) (OA + AB) × BC
2 2 13th seconds respectively. The body starts
42. Stopping distance of a moving vehicle is directly proportional (a) from rest and moves with uniform velocity
to (b) from rest and moves with uniform acceleration
(a) square of the initial velocity (c) with an initial velocity and moves with uniform
(b) square of the initial acceleration acceleration
(c) the initial velocity (d) with an initial velocity and moves with uniform velocity
(d) the initial acceleration 51. The displacement x of a particle at the instant when its
43. Which of the following graphs gives the equation velocity is v is given by v = 3x + 16 . Its acceleration and
1 2 initial velocity are
x = vot + at (a) 1.5 units, 4 units (b) 3 units, 4 units
2
(c) 16 units, 1.6 units (d) 16 units, 3 units
52. The distance time graph of a particle at time t makes angles
v0 45° with the time axis. After one second, it makes angle 60°
x with the time axis. What is the acceleration of the particle?
(a) (b) v (a) 3 - 1 (b) 3 + 1 (c) 3 (d) 1
t 53. A particle experiences constant acceleration for 20 seconds
t after starting from rest. If it travels a distance s1 in the first
10 seconds and distance s2 in the next 10 seconds, then
v0 (a) s2 = s1 (b) s2 = 2 s1 (c) s2 = 3 s1 (d) s2 = 4 s1
(c) v (d) None of these 54. The distance travelled by a particle starting from rest and
4
t moving with an acceleration ms-2 , in the third second is:
44. The displacement of a particle is represented by the 3
following equation: S = 3t 3 + 7t 2 + 5t + 8 where 5 is in 10 19
(a) 6 m (b) 4 m (c) m (d) m
meter and t in second. The acceleration of the particle at 3 3
t = 15 is 55. If a car at rest accelerates uniformly to a speed of 144 km/h
(a) 14 m/s2 (b) 18 m/s2 (c) 32 m/s2 (d) zero in 20 s, it covers a distance of
45. If a train travelling at 20 m/s is to be brought to rest in (a) 2880 m (b) 1440 m (c) 400 m (d) 20 m
a distance of 200 m, then its retardation should be 56. The displacement x of a particle along a straight line at time
(a) 1 m/s2 (b) 2 m/s2 a1t a 2 2
(c) 10 m/s2 (d) 20 m/s2 t is given by : x = a0 + + t . The acceleration of the
46. Assertion : A body may be accelerated even when it is 2 3
particle is
moving uniformly.
a2 2a 2 a1 a
Reason : When direction of motion of the body is changing, (a) (b) (c) (d) a0 + 2
the body must have acceleration. 3 3 2 3
(a) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is a 57. The dependence of velocity of a body with time is given by
correct explanation for assertion. the equation v = 20 + 0.1t 2 . The body is in
(b) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is not (a) uniform retardation
a correct explanation for assertion (b) uniform acceleration
(c) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect (c) non-uniform acceleration
(d) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct. (d) zero acceleration.
47. A body starts from rest and travels ‘s’ m in 2nd second, 58. A car accelerates from rest at a constant rate a for some
then acceleration is time, after which it decelerates at a constant rate b and
2 3 comes to rest. If the total time elapsed is t, then the maximum
(a) 2s m/s2 (b) 3s m/s2 (c) s m/s2 (d) s m/s2 velocity acquired by the car is
3 2
MOTION IN A STRAIGHT LINE 25

1 -2
æ a 2 + b2 ö æ a 2 - b2 ö
ç ÷ (a + b)t abt (a) ms towards north
(a)ç ÷ t (b) ç ÷ (c) (d) 2
è ab ø è ab ø ab a +b 1
59. The deceleration experienced by a moving motorboat after
(b) ms - 2 towards north - east
2
dv 1
its engine is cut off, is given by = -KV3 where K is (c) ms - 2 towards north - west
dt 2
constant. If V0 is the magnitude of the velocity at cut-off, (d) zero
the magnitude of the velocity at a time t after the cut-off is 66. It is given that t = px2 + qx, where x is displacement and t is
V0 time. The acceleration of particle at origin is
(a) (b) V0e–Kt 2p 2q 2p 2q
(2V02Kt + 1) (a) - (b) - (c) (d)
q3 p3 q3 p3
(c) V0/2 (d) V0
60. Assertion : A particle starting from rest and moving with 67. An object, moving with a speed of 6.25 m/s, is decelerated
uniform acceleration travels' a length of x and 3x in first two dv
at a rate given by: = -2.5 v where v is the instantaneous
and next two-seconds. dt
Reason : Displacement is directly proportional to velocity. speed. The time taken by the object, to come to rest, would be
(a) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is a (a) 2 s (b) 4 s (c) 8 s (d) 1 s
correct explanation for assertion. 68. The position of a particle along the x-axis at certain times is
(b) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is not
given below
a correct explanation for assertion t(s) 0 1 2 3
(c) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect
(d) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct. x(m) –2 0 6 16
61. The displacement of a particle as a function of time is shown Which of the following describes the motion correctly?
in figure. It indicates that (a) uniform acceleration
(b) uniform retardation
Displacement in m

(c) non-uniform acceleration

30 (d) there is not enough data for generalization
69. A bike accelerates from rest at a constant rate 5 m/s2 for
20 some time after which it decelerates at a constant rate 3 m/s2
10 to come to rest. If the total time elapsed is 8 second, the
maximum velocity acquired by the bike is given by
20 30 40 50 10 (a) 5 m/s (b) 10 m/s (c) 12 m/s (d) 15 m/s
Time in sec 70. A metro train starts from rest and in 5 s achieves 108 km/h.
(a) the velocity of the particle is constant throughout After that it moves with constant velocity and comes to
(b) the acceleration of the particle is constant throughout rest after travelling 45 m with uniform retardation. If total
(c) the particle starts with a constant velocity and is distance travelled is 395 m, find total time of travelling.
accelerated (a) 12.2 s (b) 15.3 s (c) 9 s (d) 17.2 s
(d) the motion is retarded and finally the particle stops 71. A car, starting from rest, accelerates at the rate f through a
62. Assertion : The equation of motion can be applied only distance S, then continues at constant speed for time t and
if acceleration is along the direction of velocity and is
constant. f
then decelerates at the rate to come to rest. If the total
Reason : If the acceleration of a body is zero then its 2
motion is known as uniform motion. distance traversed is 15 S , then
(a) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is a 1 1 1 2
correct explanation for assertion. (a) S = ft 2 (b) S = f t (c) S = ft 2 (d) S = ft
(b) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is not 6 4 72
a correct explanation for assertion 72. A particle starting with certain initial velocity and uniform
(c) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect acceleration covers a distance of 12 m in first 3 seconds
(d) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct. and a distance of 30 m in next 3 seconds. The initial velocity
63. A particle moves along a straight line OX. At a time t (in of the particle is
second) the distance x (in metre) of the particle from O is (a) 3 ms–1 (b) 2.5 ms–1 (c) 2 ms–1 (d) 1 ms–1
given by x = 40 + 12t – t3. How long would the particle
travel before coming to rest? Topic 3: Ralative Motion in One Dimension
(a) 24 m (b) 40 m (c) 56 m (d) 16 m 73. Two trains, each 40 m long are travelling in opposite
64. A particle moves a distance x in time t according to equation
direction with equal velocity 20 m/s. The time of crossing is
x = (t + 5)–1. The acceleration of particle is proportional to
(a) 1s (b) 2s (c) 3s (d) Zero
(a) (velocity) 3/2 (b) (distance)2
74. The relative velocity VAB or VBA of two bodies A and B
(c) (distance)–2 (d) (velocity)2/3
may be
65. A particle is moving eastwards with a velocity of 5 ms–1. In
I. greater than velocity of body A
10 seconds the velocity changes to 5 ms–1 northwards.
II. greater than velocity of body B
The average acceleration in this time is III. less than the velocity of body A
 EBD_7418
26 PHYSICS

IV. less than the velocity of body B 83. A ship A is moving Westwards with a speed of 10 km h–1
(a) I and II only (b) III and IV only and a ship B 100 km South of A, is moving Northwards with
(c) I, II and III only (d) I, II, III and IV a speed of 10 km h–1. The time after which the distance
75. The graph shown below represent between them becomes shortest, is
object B (a) 5 h (b) 5 2 h (c) 10 2 h (d) 0 h
x02 84. A bus is moving with a velocity of 10 ms–1 on a straight
Position

object A
road. A scootorist wishes to overtake the bus in one minute.
x01
If the bus is at a distance of 1.2 km ahead, then the velocity
with which he has to chase the bus is
Time (a) 20 ms–1 (b) 25 ms–1 (c) 60 ms–1 (d) 30 ms–1
(a) A and B are moving with same velocity in opposite Topic 4: Motion Under Gravity
directions
(b) velocity of B is more than A in same direction 85. A body is thrown vertically upwards. If air resistance is
(c) velocity of A is more than B in same direction to be taken into account, then the time during which the
(d) velocity of A and B is equal in same direction body rises is
(a) equal to the time of fall
76. Two cars A and B approach each other at the same (b) less than the time of fall
speed, then what will be the velocity of A if velocity of (c) greater than the time of fall
B is 8 m/s? (d) twice the time of fall
(a) 16 m/s (b) 8 m/s 86. A body is thrown upwards and reaches half of its maximum
(c) – 8 m/s (d) Can’t be determined. height. At that position
77. A train of 150 m length is going towards north direction at (a) its acceleration is minimum
a speed of 10 ms–1. A parrot flies at a speed of 5 ms–1 (b) its velocity is maximum
towards south direction parallel to the railway track. The (c) its velocity is zero
time taken by the parrot to cross the train is equal to (d) its acceleration is constant
87. Velocity-time curve for a body projected vertically
(a) 12 s (b) 8 s (c) 15 s (d) 10 s upwards is
78. A boat takes 2 hours to travel 8 km and back in still water (a) parabola (b) ellipse
lake. With water velocity of 4 km h–1, the time taken for (c) hyperbola (d) straight line
going upstream of 8 km and coming back is 88. An object accelerated downward under the influence of
(a) 160 minutes (b) 80 minutes force of gravity. The motion of object is said to be
(c) 100 minutes (d) 120 minutes (a) uniform motion
79. A car is moving on a road and rain is falling vertically. (b) free fall
Select the correct answer. (c) non uniformly accelerated motion
(a) The rain will strike the back screen only (d) None of these
(b) The rain will strike the front screen only 89. Free fall of an object (in vacuum) is a case of motion with
(c) The rain will strike both the screens (a) uniform velocity
(d) The rain will not strike any of the screens (b) uniform acceleration
80. If a boat can travel with a speed of v in still water, which of (c) variable acceleration
the following trips will take the least amount of time ? (d) constant momentum
(a) travelling a distance of 2d in still water 90. A ball thrown vertically upwards after reaching a maximum
(b) travelling a distance of 2d across (perpendicular to) height h, returns to the starting point after a time of l0 s. Its
the current in a stream displacement is
(c) travelling a distance d downstream and returning a (a) h (b) 2 h (c) 10 h (d) zero
distance d upstream 91. The ball is projected up from ground with speed 30 m/sec.
(d) travelling a distance d upstream and returning a What is the average velocity for time 0 to 4 sec?
(a) 10 m/sec (b) 20 m/sec
distance d downstream
r (c) 15 m/sec (d) zero
81. An object has velocity v1 relative to the ground. 92. A body is thrown vertically upwards with a velocity u.
r
An observer moving with a constant velocity v0 relative Select the incorrect statements from the following.
r
to the ground measures the velocity of the object to be v 2 I. Both velocity and acceleration are zero at its highest
(relative to the observer). The magnitudes of these point.
velocities are related by II. Velocity is maximum and acceleration is zero at the
(a) v0 £ v1 + v 2 (b) v1 £ v 2 + v0 highest point.
III. Velocity is maximum and acceleration is g downwards
(c) v2 £ v0 + v1 (d) All of these at its highest point.
82. Two trains are each 50 m long moving parallel towards each (a) I and II (b) II and III
other at speeds 10 m/s and 15 m/s respectively. After what (c) I and III (d) I, II and III
time will they pass each other? 93. Column I Column II
(A) Distance travelled (1) zero acceleration
2
(a) 5 sec (b) 4 sec (c) 2 sec (d) 6 sec by a body
3
MOTION IN A STRAIGHT LINE 27

1 (a) TA > TB
(B) Uniform velocity (2) ut + at2 (b) TA = TB
2
(C) Speedometer (3) instantaneous speed (c) TA < TB
u2 (d) their time of flights depend on their masses.
(D) Height of a vertically (4) 102. A ball is released from the top of tower of height h metre. It
2g
thrown body takes T second to reach the ground. What is the position
in (m) from the ground of the ball in T/3 second ?
(a) (A)®(2, 3); (B)®(2); C®(3, 4); (D)®(1, 5)
(b) (A)®(1, 2); (B)®(3); C®(5); (D)®(4) h 7h 8h 17h
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(c) (A)®(1, 5); (B)®(1); C®(3); (D)®(4, 5) 9 9 9 18
103. A ball is dropped vertically from a height d above the ground.
(d) (A)®(2); (B)®(4); C®(1); (D)®(3)
It hits the ground and bounces up vertically to a height d/
94. The equation represented by the graph below is :
2. Neglecting subsequent motion and air resistance, its
1 velocity v varies with the height h above the ground as
(a) y = gt
2
-1
(b) y = gt t(s)
2 O d
(a) h (b)
1 2 y h
(c) y = gt d
2 (m)
-1 2
(d) y = gt
2
95. A body is projected vertically upwards. If t1 and t2 be the
times at which it is at height h above the projection while
ascending and descending respectively, then h is d d h
(c) h (d)
1
(a) gt1t2 (b) gt1t2 (c) 2gt1t2 (d) 2hg
2
96. Two balls A and B of same mass are thrown from the top of 104. A stone is dropped into a well in which the level of water is
the building. A thrown upward with velocity v and B,
h below the top of the well. If v is velocity of sound, the
thrown down with velocity v, then
(a) velocity A is more than B at the ground time T after which the splash is heard is given by
(b) velocity of B is more than A at the ground æ 2hö h
(c) both A &B strike the ground with same velocity (a) T = 2h/v (b) T= ç ÷ +
(d) None of these è g ø v
97. A rocket is fired upward from the earth’s surface such that
æ 2h ö h æ h ö 2h
it creates an acceleration of 19.6 m s - 2 . If after 5 s, its (c) T= ç ÷+ (d) T = çç ÷÷ +
engine is switched off, the maximum height of the rocket è v ø g è 2g ø v
from earth’s surface would be 105. A ball is thrown vertically upwards. It was observed, at a
(a) 980 m (b) 735 m (c) 490 m (d) 245 m height h twice with a time interval Dt. The initial velocity of
98. A man throws balls with same speed vertically upwards one the ball is-
after the other at an interval of 2 sec. What should be the speed 2
of throw so that more than two balls are in air at any time ? æ gDt ö
(a) 8gh + g 2 (Dt)2 (b) 8gh + ç
(a) Only with speed 19.6 m/s è 2 ø÷
(b) More than 19.6 m/s 1
(c) At least 9.8 m/s (c) 8gh + g 2 ( Dt) 2 (d) 8gh + 4g 2 ( Dt)2
(d) Any speed less then 19.6 m/s. 2
99. A ball is dropped from a high rise platform at t = 0 starting 106. The balls are released from the top of a tower of height H at
from rest. After 6 seconds another ball is thrown downwards regular interval of time. When first ball reaches at the
th
from the same platform with a speed v. The two balls meet æ n + 1ö
at t = 18s. What is the value of v? (take g = 10 m/s2) ground, the n th ball is to be just released and ç ÷ ball
è 2 ø
(a) 75 m/s (b) 55 m/s (c) 40 m/s (d) 60 m/s is at same distance ‘h’ from top of the tower. The value of h is.
100. A stone falls freely under gravity. It covers distances h1, 2 3 4 5H
h2 and h3 in the first 5 seconds, the next 5 seconds and the (a) H (b) H (c) H (d)
next 5 seconds respectively. The relation between h 1, h2 3 4 5 6
and h3 is 107. A stone is dropped from a rising balloon at a height of 76 m
h h above the ground and reaches the ground in 6s. What was
(a) h1 = 2 = 3 (b) h2 = 3h 1 and h3 = 3h2 the velocity of the balloon when the stone was dropped?
3 5
(c) h1 = h2 = h3 (d) h1 = 2h 2 = 3h 3 Take g = 10 m/s2.
101. From a building two balls A and B are thrown such that A is æ 52 ö æ 52 ö
thrown upwards and B downwards (both vertically). If TA (a) ç ÷ m/s upward (b) ç ÷ m/s downward
è 3 ø è 3 ø
and TB are their respective time of flights then (c) 3 m/s (d) 9.8 m/s
 EBD_7418
28 PHYSICS

108. Let A, B, C, D be points on a vertical line such that AB = BC (a) 4 s (b) 3.26 s (c) 3.48 s (d) 2.828 s
= CD. If a body is released from position A, the times of 118. Two bodies of masses m1 and m2 fall from heights h1 and
h2 respectively. The ratio of their velocities, when they hit
descent through AB, BC and CD are in the ratio.
the ground is
(a) 1 : 3 - 2 : 3 + 2 (b) 1 : 2 - 1 : 3 - 2
(c) 1 : 2 - 1 : 3 (d) 1 : 2 : 3 - 1 h1 h1 m1h1 h12
(a) (b) (c) (d)
109. Water drops fall at regular intervals from a tab which is h2 h2 m1h 2 h 22
hm above the ground. After how many seconds does the
first drop reach the ground? 119. A stone falls from a balloon that is descending at a uniform
h 2h rate of 12 m/s. The displacement of the stone from the point
2h h
(a) (b) (c) 2g (d) g of release after 10 sec is
g 2g
(a) 490 m (b) 510 m (c) 610 m (d) 725 m
110. If two balls of masses m1 and m2(m1= 2m2) are dropped 120. A body thrown vertically so as to reach its maximum
from the same height, then the ratio of the time taken by height in t second. The total time from the time of
them to reach the ground will be projection to reach a point at half of its maximum height
(a) m1 : m2 (b) 2m2 : m1 (c) 1 : 1 (d) 1 : 2 while returning (in sec) is
111. A boy standing at the top of a tower of 20m height drops a æ 1 ö 3t t
stone. Assuming g = 10 ms–2, the velocity with which it hits (a) 2t (b) ç1 + ÷ t (c) (d)
è 2ø 2 2
the ground is
121. The ratio of distances traversed in successive intervals of
(a) 10.0 m/s (b) 20.0 m/s (c) 40.0 m/s (d) 5.0 m/s
time when a body falls freely under gravity from certain
112. What will be the ratio of the distances moved by a freely height is
falling body from rest on 4th and 5th seconds of journey ?
(a) 4 : 5 (b) 7 : 9 (c) 16 : 25 (d) 1 : 1 (a) l : 2 : 3 (b) l : 5 : 9
113. A ball released from a height falls 5 m in one second. In 4 (c) 1 : 3 : 5 (d) 1: 2 : 3
seconds it falls through 122. A body dropped from top of a tower fall through 40 m
(a) 20 m (b) 1.25 m (c) 40 m (d) 80 m during the last two seconds of its fall. The height of tower
114. From a balloon moving upwards with a velocity of 12 ms -1, is (g = 10 m/s2)
a packet is released when it is at a height of 65 m from the (a) 60 m (b) 45 m (c) 80 m (d) 50 m
ground. The time taken by it to reach the ground is 123. A stone thrown upward with a speed u from the top of the
(g = 10 ms–2) tower reaches the ground with a velocity 3u. The height of
(a) 5 s (b) 8 s (c) 4 s (d) 7 s the tower is
115. A ball dropped from a point A falls down vertically to C, (a) 3u2/g (b) 4u2/g (c) 6u2/g (d) 9u2/g
through the midpoint B. The descending time from A to B 124. A stone thrown vertically upwards with a speed of 5 m/sec
and that from A to C are in the ratio attains a height H1. Another stone thrown upwards from
(a) 1 : 1 (b) 1 : 2 (c) 1 : 3 (d) 1: 2 the same point with a speed of 10 m/sec attains a height H2.
116. A ball is dropped from the top of a tower of height 100 m The correct relation between H1 and H2 is
and at the same time another ball is projected vertically (a) H2 = 4H1(b) H2 = 3H1(c) H1 =2H2 (d) H1 = H2
upwards from ground with a velocity 25 ms–1. Then the 125. From a pole of height 10 m, a stone is thrown vertically
distance from the top of the tower, at which the two balls upwards with a speed 5 m/s. The time taken by the stone,
meet is to hit the ground, is n times that taken by it to reach the
(a) 68.4 m (b) 48.4 m (c) 18.4 m (d) 78.4 m
117. A body released from the top of a tower falls through half highest point of its path. The value of n is
the height of the tower in 2 s. In what time shall the body [take g = 10 m/s2]
fall through the height of the tower ? (a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5

Exercise 2 : Exemplar & Past Year MCQs

NCERT Exemplar MCQs x x
1. Among the four graph shown in the figure there is only
one graph for which average velocity over the time interval (c) (d)
(O, T) can vanish for a suitably chosen T. Which one is it?
x x t t
2. A lift is coming from 8th floor and is just about to reach 4th
floor. Taking ground floor as origin and positive direction
(a) t (b) upwards for all quantities, which one of the following is correct?
(a) x < 0, v < 0, a > 0 (b) x > 0, v < 0, a < 0
t (c) x > 0, v < 0, a > 0 (d) x > 0, v > 0, a < 0
MOTION IN A STRAIGHT LINE 29

3. In one dimensional motion, instantaneous speed v satisfies 10. Two stones are thrown up simultaneously from the edge of
0 £ v < v0. a cliff 240 m high with initial speed of 10 m/s and 40 m/s
(a) The displacement in time T must always take non- respectively. Which of the following graph best represents
negative values the time variation of relative position of the second stone
with respect to the first?
(b) The displacement x in time T satisfies – v0T < x < v0T (Assume stones do not rebound after hitting the ground
(c) The acceleration is always a non-negative number and neglect air resistance, take g = 10 m/ s2)
(d) The motion has no turning points (The figures are schematic and not drawn to scale)
4. A vehicle travels half the distance l with speed v1 and the [JEE Main 2015, C]
other half with speed v2, then its average speed is
(y2 – y1) m (y2 – y1) m
v1 + v2 2v1 + v2 2v1v2 L(v1 + v2 ) 240 240
(a) (b) (c) (d) (a) (b)
2 v1 + v2 v1 + v2 v1v2
5. The displacement of a particle is given by x = (t – 2)2 where t(s)
8 12 t(s)
x is in metre and t in second. The distance covered by the 8 12
particle in first 4 seconds is (y2 – y1) m (y2 – y1 ) m
(a) 4 m (b) 8 m (c) 12 m (d) 16 m 240 240
(c) (d)
Past Year MCQs
t(s) t(s)
6. From a tower of height H, a particle is thrown vertically t® 8 12 12
upwards with a speed u. The time taken by the particle, to 11. A body is thrown vertically upwards from A, the top of the
hit the ground, is n times that taken by it to reach the highest tower, reaches the ground in time t1. If it is thrown vertically
point of its path. The relation between H, u and n is: downwards from A with the same speed, it reaches the ground
[AIPMT 2014, S] in time t2. If it is allowed to fall freely from A, then the time it
(a) 2gH = n u 2 2 (b) gH = (n – 2)2u2d takes to reach the ground is given by [BITSAT 2015, A]
2
(c) 2gH = nu (n – 2) (d) gH = (n – 2)u2 t1 + t 2 t1 - t 2
7. A body starts from rest at time t = 0, the acceleration time (a) t= (b) t=
2 2
graph is shown in the figure. The maximum velocity attained
by the body will be [AIIMS 2014, C] t1
(c) t = t1t 2 (d) t=
Acceleration t2
2
(m/s ) 10 12. If the velocity of a particle is v = At + Bt2, where A and B are
constants, then the distance travelled by it between 1s and
2s is : [NEET 2016, C]
3 3 7 A B
11 Time (a) A + 4B (b) 3A + 7B (c) A + B (d) +
2 2 3 2 3
(sec.) 13. Two bodies begin a free fall from the same height at a time
(a) 110 m/s (b) 55 m/s (c) 650 m/s (d) 550 m/s interval of N s. If vertical separation between the two bodies
8. A particle of unit mass undergoes one-dimensional motion is 1 after n second from the start of the first body, then n is
such that its velocity varies according to v(x) = bx–2n equal to [AIIMS 2016, S]
where b and n are constants and x is the position of the
1 1 N 1 N
particle. The acceleration of the particle as d function of x, (a) nN (b) (c) + (d) -
is given by: [AIPMT 2015, S, BN] gN gN 2 gN 4
(a) –2nb2x–4n–1 (b) –2b2 x–2n+1 14. Preeti reached the metro station and found that the escalator
was not working. She walked up the stationary escalator in
(c) –2nb2 e–4n+1 (d) –2nb2x–2n–1 time t1. On other days, if she remains stationary on the
9. Assertion : Velocity-time graph for an object in uniform moving escalator, then the escalator takes her up in time t2.
motion along a straight path is a straight line parallel to the The time taken by her to walk up on the moving escalator
time axis. will be: [NEET 2017, Exemplar, S]
Reason : In uniform motion of an object velocity increases as t1t 2 t t
1 2 t +t
the square of time elapsed. [AIIMS 2015, C] (a) (b) (c) t1 – t2 (d) 1 2
t 2 - t1 t 2 + t1 2
(a) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is a
correct explanation for assertion. 15. From a balloon moving upwards with a velocity of 12 ms–1,
(b) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is not a packet is released when it is at a height of 65 m from the
a correct explanation for assertion ground. The time taken by it to reach the ground is (g = 10
(c) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect ms–2) [AIIMS 2017, A]
(d) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct. (a) 5 s (b) 8 s (c) 4 s (d) 7 s
 EBD_7418
30 PHYSICS

16. A body is thrown vertically upwards. Which one of the 19. The water drops fall at regular intervals from a tap 5 m
following graphs correctly represent the velocity vs time? above the ground. The third drop is leaving the tap at an
[JEE Main 2017, C] instant when the first drop touches the ground. How far
above the ground is the second drop at that instant ? (Take
g = 10 m/s2) [AIIMS 2018, S]
(a) 1.25 m (b) 2.50 m (c) 3.75 m (d) 5.00 m
(a) (b) 20. All the graphs below are intended to represent the same
motion. One of them does it incorrectly. Pick it up.
[JEE Main 2018, C]
distance
velocity
(c) (d)
(a) position (b) time

17. A toy car with charge q moves on a frictionless horizontal

position velocity
r
plane r
surface under the influence of a uniform electric field
E . Due to the force q E , its velocity increases from 0 to
6 m/s in one second duration. At that instant the direction time time
of the field is reversed. The car continues to move for two (c) (d)
more seconds under the influence of this field. The average
velocity and the average speed of the toy car between 0 to 21. A boy running on a horizontal road at 8 km/h finds the rain
3 seconds are respectively [NEET 2018, A] falling vertically. He increases his speed to 12 km/h and
(a) 2 m/s, 4 m/s (b) 1 m/s, 3 m/s finds that the drops makes 30° with the vertical. The speed
(c) 1.5 m/s, 3 m/s (d) 1 m/s, 3.5 m/s of rain with respect to the road is [BITSAT 2018, S]
18. The motion of a particle along a straight line is described (a) 4 7 km/h (b) 9 7 km/h
by equation :
x = 8 + 12t – t3 (c) 12 7 km/h (d) 15 7 km/h
where x is in metre and t in second. The retardation of the 22. A juggler keeps on moving four balls in the air throwing the
particle when its velocity becomes zero, is : balls after intervals. When one ball leaves his hand (speed
[AIIMS 2018, A] = 20 ms–1) the position of other balls (height in m) will be
(a) 24 ms–2 (b) zero (c) 6 ms–2 (d) 12 ms–2 (Take g = 10 ms–2) [BITSAT 2018, S]
(a) 10, 20, 10(b) 15, 20, 15(c) 5, 15, 20 (d) 5, 10, 20

Exercise 3 : Try If You Can

1. A particle when thrown, moves such that it passes from g ( H 2 + L2 ) gH 2
same height at 2 and 10 seconds, then this height h is : (a) (b)
(a) 5g (b) g (c) 8g (d) 10g 2H H 2 + L2
2. A particle moving along x-axis has acceleration f, at time t,
g H 2 + L2 2gH 2
(c) (d)
given by f = f0 æç 1 - t ö÷ , where f0 and T are constants. H H 2 + L2
è Tø
4. Which graph corresponds to an object moving with a
The particle at t = 0 has zero velocity. In the time interval
constant negative acceleration and a positive velocity ?
between t = 0 and the instant when f = 0, the particle’s
velocity (vx) is (a) (b)
1 1
(a) f T 2 (b) f0 T 2 (c) f T (d) f0T Velocity
2 0 2 0 Velocity
3. A hunter tries to hunt a monkey with a small, very poisonous
arrow, blown from a pipe with initial speed v0. The monkey is Time
Time
hanging on a branch of a tree at height H above the ground.
The hunter is at a distance L from the bottom of the tree. The (c) (d)
monkey sees the arrow leaving the blow pipe and immediately
loses the grip on the tree, falling freely down with zero initial Velocity Velocity
velocity. The minimum initial speed v0 of the arrow for hunter
to succeed while monkey is in air is
Distance Distance
MOTION IN A STRAIGHT LINE 31

5. A particle starts sliding down a frictionless inclined plane. 10. A ball is dropped from a height of 5 m onto a sandy floor and
If Sn is the distance travelled by it from time t = n – 1 sec to penetrates the sand upto 10 cm before coming to rest. Find
t = n sec, the ratio Sn/Sn+1 is the retardation of the ball in sand assuming it to be uniform.
(a) 490 m/s2 (b) 610 m/s2 (c) 720 m/s2 (d) 810 m/s2
2n - 1 2n + 1 2n
(a) (b) (c) (d) 2n + 1 11. A bird flies with a speed of 10 km/h and a car moves
2n + 1 2n 2n + 1 2n - 1 with uniform speed of 8 km/h. Both start from B towards
6. Starting from rest a particle moves in a straight line with A (BA = 40km) at the same instant. The bird having reached
acceleration a = (25 – t2)1/2 m/s2 for 0 £ t £ 5s, A, flies back immediately to meet the approaching car. As
3p soon as it reaches the car, it flies back to A. The bird repeats
a= m/s2 for t > 5s. The velocity of particle at t = 7s is: this till both the car and the bird reach A simultaneously.
8
(a) 11 m/s (b) 22 m/s (c) 33 m/s (d) 44 m/s The total distance flown by the bird is
7. The acceleration of a particle, starting from rest, varies with (a) 80 km (b) 40 km (c) 50 km (d) 30 k m
12. The displacement of a particle is given by
time according to the relation a = -s w2 sin w t . The y = a + b t + c t2 – d t4
displacement of this particle at a time t will be The initial velocity and acceleration are respectively
(a) s sin w t (b) s w cos w t (a) b, – 4 d (b) – b, 2 c (c) b, 2 c (d) 2 c, – 4 d
13. The displacement x of a particle varies with time t as x =
1 2 2
(c) s w sin w t (d) - (s w sin wt ) t ae-at + bebt, where a, b, a and b are positive constants.
2 The velocity of the particle will
8. The displacement ‘x’ (in meter) of a particle of mass ‘m’ (in
(a) be independent of a and b
kg) moving in one dimension under the action of a force, is
related to time ‘t’ (in sec) by t = x + 3 . The displacement (b) drop to zero when a = b
of the particle when its velocity is zero, will be (c) go on decreasing with time
(a) 2 m (b) 4 m (c) 0 m (d) 6 m (d) go on increasing with time
9. The distance travelled by a body moving along a line in 14. A point moves with uniform acceleration and V1, V2, V3
time t is proportional to t3. The acceleration-time (a, t) graph denote the average velocities in three successive intervals
for the motion of the body will be of time t1, t2, t3. Which of the following relations is correct?
(a) V1 – V2 : V2 – V3 = t1 – t2 : t2 + t3
a (b) V1 – V2 : V2 – V3 = t1 + t2 : t2 + t3
a
(c) V1 – V2 : V2 – V3 = t1 – t2 : t2 – t3
(a) (b) (d) V1 – V2 : V2 – V3 = t1 – t2 : t1 – t3
t t 15. Two fixed points A and B are 20 metres apart. At time t = 0,
the distance between a third point C and A is 20 meters and
the distance between C and B is 10 metres. The component
a a of velocity of point C along both CA and CB at any instant
(c) (d) is 5m/s. Then the distance between A and C at the instant
all the three points are collinear will be
t t (a) 5 m (b) 15 m (c) 10 m (d) 25 m
 EBD_7418
32 PHYSICS

ANSWER KEYS
Exercise 1 : Topic-wise MCQs
1 (c) 14 (c) 27 (c) 40 (b) 53 (c) 66 (a) 79 (b) 92 (d) 105 (c) 118 (b)
2 (a) 15 (d) 28 (c) 41 (c) 54 (c) 67 (a) 80 (a) 93 (c) 106 (b) 119 (c)
3 (c) 16 (a) 29 (a) 42 (a) 55 (c) 68 (a) 81 (d) 94 (d) 107 (a) 120 (b)
4 (b) 17 (b) 30 (d) 43 (c) 56 (b) 69 (d) 82 (b) 95 (a) 108 (b) 121 (c)
5 (d) 18 (a) 31 (d) 44 (c) 57 (c) 70 (d) 83 (a) 96 (c) 109 (a) 122 (b)
6 (b) 19 (d) 32 (b) 45 (a) 58 (d) 71 (d) 84 (d) 97 (b) 110 (c) 123 (b)
7 (d) 20 (a) 33 (c) 46 (a) 59 (d) 72 (d) 85 (b) 98 (b) 111 (b) 124 (a)
8 (d) 21 (c) 34 (c) 47 (c) 60 (c) 73 (a) 86 (d) 99 (a) 112 (b) 125 (c)
9 ( b) 22 (c) 35 (d) 48 (c) 61 (d) 74 (d) 87 (d) 100 (a) 113 (d)
10 (c) 23 (a) 36 (a) 49 (b) 62 (d) 75 (d) 88 (b) 101 (a) 114 (a)
11 (d) 24 (a) 37 (b) 50 (c) 63 (c) 76 (c) 89 (b) 102 (c) 115 (d)
12 (c) 25 (c) 38 (d) 51 (a) 64 (a) 77 (d) 90 (d) 103 (a) 116 (d)
13 (b) 26 (c) 39 (d) 52 (a) 65 (c) 78 (a) 91 (a) 104 (b) 117 (d)
Exercise 2 : Exemplar & Past Year MCQs
1 (b) 4 (c) 7 (b) 10 (b) 13 (c) 16 (a) 19 (c) 22 (b)
2 (a) 5 (b) 8 (a) 11 (c) 14 (b) 17 (b) 20 (b)
3 (b) 6 (c) 9 (c) 12 (c) 15 (a) 18 (d) 21 (b)
Exercise 3 : Try If You Can
1 (d) 3 (a) 5 (a) 7 (a) 9 (b) 11 (c) 13 (d) 15 (b)
2 (c) 4 (c) 6 (b) 8 (c) 10 (a) 12 (c) 14 (b)