M O D E R N I S M

ORIGIN
philosophical, religious, and arts
movement that arose from broad
transformations in Western society
during the late 19th and early 20th
centuries.

LED TO MODERNISM
● Industrialization
● Population increase
● Urbanization
● Massive building exercise
● World War I (1914-18) & World War II
(1939-45) and End of Colonialism

MODERNISM & ARCHITECTURE

● Rejection of ornamentation
● Minimalism
● New materials;
glass,steel,rcc,etc
● New forms & style
● Maintenance, cost high.
● External & Internal spaces
connection
● Better & healthy life

PARALLEL MOVEMENT
● Art Nouveau
● Cubism
● Purism
● Expressionism
● Futurism
 V I L L A S A V O Y E
-Ar. Le Corbusier
1. Use pilotis to lift the buildings-
Using columns to elevate the building
P R I N C I P L E S

from the ground level.

2. Free floor plans- Designs devoid of
structural load-bearing walls allow
floor layout flexibility.
Year: 1929
3. Free facades- The façade of the
Location: Poissy,France
building will be separate from the
building’s structural components.
4. Ribbon windows- Horizontal
window that runs along the entire
length of the façade to improvise
lighting
5. The roof garden- The buildings
should revert the built-up space it uses
5

back to nature by incorporating

gardens in their terraces.

CONCEPT
A paradigm of the “Machine as a
Home”, so that the functions of everyday
life inside become critical to its design.

Villa Savoye draws much inspiration from

machinery in relation to its circulation.
Le Corbusier was fascinated with cars, and
cast many similarities between villa savoye,s
circulation and movement of cars in the
respective era.
 SEAGRAM BUILDING
-Ar. Ludwig Mies Van Der Rohe
& Ar.Philip Johnson
1. Structure
built using a combination of a steel
moment frame and a steel and
reinforced concrete core for lateral
stiffness, one of the first buildings of its
kind to do so.
F E A T U R E S

2. Window blinds
A characteristic of the International style
is the building’s uniform appearance. To
avoid the undesirable, disordered
irregularity of window blinds being drawn
to different lengths, Mies specified blinds
which were operationally limited to three
Year: 1954-1958
positions – fully open, halfway open, or Location: New York,USA.
fully closed. It stands as one of the finest examples of the
functionalist aesthetic and a masterpiece of
3. Interior corporate modernism.
S P E C I A L

The building used 1,500 tons of bronze, in

addition to travertine and marble. This
was intended to provide cohesion with
the sleek, yet minimalist, external
aesthetic.

4. Plaza
Another pioneering feature of the design
was Mies’ decision to set the building
back 100 ft from the edge of the street,
creating an open plaza. This was part of
his response to the dense environment of
Manhattan, and was a rebuke to the
conventional economics of skyscraper
design and urban planning.

The Seagram
Building, like virtually
all large buildings of
the time, was built of
a steel frame, from
which non-structural
glass walls were
hung.
BARCELONA PAVILION
-Ar. Ludwig mies van der rohe
1. Open plan spaces- Features one
or more common spaces resulting in
connected areas.
CHARACTERISTICS

2. Contrasting materials- The glass,

steel frames, various large marble
blocks covering the walls.
3. Minimalist design- Achieving pure
form of elegance through priotorizing
its core function, using limited
materials, neutral colors, simple forms.
4. recise proportions- Using natural
shaped occured in nature with
appropriate ratios forming visual
harmony.
5. Symmetry- A strict grid pattern is
followed throughout the structure. Also
maerial asymmetry is used to achieve
optical symmetry.

CONCEPT- The pavilion was supposed to

represent the new Weimar Germany as
democratic, culturally progressive,
prospering, and thoroughly pacifist, a
self-portrait through architecture.