Understanding the

Behavior of Gases
What Are Gases?

● Gases have particles that are

far apart and move freely.

● They are highly compressible

due to the space between
particles.
 Properties of Gases

● Volume (V): The space occupied by a gas.

● Pressure (P): The force exerted by gas particles per unit area.
● Temperature (T): Relates to the kinetic energy of gas particles.
● Number of Moles (n): The amount of gas present.
 Volume of Gases
● Volume is measured in
liters (L), milliliters (mL), or
cubic meters (m^3).

● It changes with pressure

and temperature.
Pressure of Gases

● Pressure is the result of gas

particles colliding with
container walls.

● Measured in units like

pascals (Pa) or atmospheres
(atm).
 Temperature and Gases
● Temperature is measured in Kelvin (K) when dealing with
gases.

● Higher temperatures mean faster-moving gas particles.

 Amount of Gas (Moles)
● The mole is a unit that
measures the amount of gas.

● It's related to the mass and

molar mass of the gas.
Kinetic Molecular Theory

Explains gas behavior in terms of

particle motion.

● Gas particles move in constant,

random motion.
● Collisions between particles are
perfectly elastic.
 Boyle's Law
● Describes the inverse relationship between pressure and volume.

● At constant temperature, as pressure increases, volume

decreases.
 Charles's Law

● Shows the direct

relationship between
volume and temperature.

● At constant pressure, as
temperature increases,
volume increases.
Gay-Lussac's Law

● Relates pressure and

temperature at constant
volume.

● Pressure increases with

temperature.
 Combined Gas Law

● Combines Boyle's Law and Charles's Law.

● Describes the relationship between pressure, volume, and

temperature.
 Avogadro's Law
● States that volume is
directly proportional to the
number of moles.

● At constant temperature
and pressure, more moles
mean more volume.
Ideal Gas Law
● A single equation that combines
all individual gas laws.

● Relates pressure, volume,

temperature, and the number of
moles.

● The equation is PV = nRT,

where R is the gas constant.
Understanding Gas Behavior
● Gas laws help us predict how gases will act under different
conditions.

● They are essential for many scientific and industrial

processes.