ŲϕŒԔʸ͵ƒ ĚҨȕ Nov 21, 2023

ҨɇIJǍ 120 Œҙ뼷ʛϝਲĦƨ˘ࡩ뼷դƁѭ뼷͝Œ 110 Œ뼶Ħॹылŀ‫ڰڋ‬뼷ăӚ‫̹ڰ‬ů໼

‫ݒ‬ǟ٫뼷ҌѴ̹ů໼‫ݒ‬뼷‫פ‬Œ̻Ȁɻǹࡂʋ뼷ߴăɩȗŪೇƑϐ뼶ǨĈʛϝĀ٫ޯĝɐ֘ʛ̶
؊ۖ֘ۖϴć٫ޯਲĘ뼷ƦĄοȇฒ֥ʛκ‫ݯ‬ϴćljĂѭ뼶٫ޯਲӨκϴƒ̶뼵ౄǩ뼷ʛϝਲ
ăκᒝƫ뼶Ҩɇŧ˧ 30 ŒҙŷăīɌɀ뼷ŧ˧ 40 Œҙʮăī͹ɀ뼶ҨɇʿǍ૚ٜ̹ůϹ۬뼵
̟Κƭ뼵΀̜ʘ࣋،ࠒթɐ୫ĢDŽಲɬ΀̜ࡩ˘뼷ധ͠ŪೇŗতŒ̟Κ뼷ટɇĉ˳ăīƫ٫΀
̜ȯǏɇʛĀࡢɜ뼶Questions are to be answered on the answer sheet provided.

Ąοʛ True or False (20 points)뼷ɐ٫ T (True) ͱ F (False) 뼶Ʋʛ 2 Œ뼶( ằ‫ރ‬ԉļԘ뼷ɐ֘ʛ
̶؊ۖ֘ۖϴć٫ޯਲljĂѭĘ뼶)

1. Suppose f is differentiable on [−1, 3] and f ′ (x) ̸= 0 for all x ∈ (−1, 3) and f (−1) = 2, it is possible
to have f (3) = 2.
Ans. False.
Solution. Since f is differentiable on [−1, 3], f is also continuous on [−1, 3]. If f (3) = 2, then by
Mean Value Theorem,

f (3) − f (−1)
0= = f ′ (c) for some c in (−1, 3).
3 − (−1)

But f ′ (x) ̸= 0 for all x ∈ (−1, 3). We get a contradiction. Therefore, f (3) can not be 2.

2. There exists a function having a point of inflection where neither the first nor the second derivative
exists.
Ans. True.
1 2 2 5
Example. Let f (x) = x 3 . Then f ′ (x) = x− 3 and f ′′ (x) = − x− 3 . Since f ′′ (x) > 0 on (−∞, 0),
1

3 9
′′
f (x) < 0 on (0, ∞), and there is a vertical tangent at x = 0. The graph of y = f (x) has a point of
inflection at x = 0. However, both f ′ (x) and f ′′ (x) fail to exist at x = 0.

1
3. Let f : (−5, 5) → R be a differentiable function. Then f is increasing on (-5, 5) if and only if
f ′ (x) > 0 for all x ∈ (−5, 5).
Ans. False.
Example. Let f (x) = x3 , then f is increasing on R and f ′ (0) = 0.

4. Let f : (−1, 3) → R be a differentiable function. Then the following limit exists.

f ( n2 ) + 2f ( n4 ) + 3f ( n6 ) + · · · + nf ( 2n
n
)
lim .
n→∞ n2

Ans. True.
Solution. Since f is differentiable on (−1, 3), then f is continuous on [0, 2]. It follows that the
function xf (x) is continuous on [0, 2], thus the function xf (x) is integrable over [0, 2], therefore, its
Riemann sum
∑
n
2k 2k 2
SP = f( )
k=1
n n n
is convergent. Hence the limit

f ( n2 ) + 2f ( n4 ) + 3f ( n6 ) + · · · + nf ( 2n
n
) 1
lim 2
= lim SP
n→∞ n 4 n→∞

exists.
∫ 1 ∫ 1 ∫ 1
5. Suppose f, g : [0, 1] → R. Then we have f (x) + g(x) dx = f (x) dx + g(x) dx.
0 0 0
Ans. False. 
 1, x ∈ [0, 1] ∩ Q
Example. Let f (x) = and g(x) = −f (x).
 −1, x ∈ [0, 1] ∩ Q c
∫ 1
Then f (x) + g(x) dx = 0, but f (x) and g(x) are not integrable over [0, 1].
0
∫ x
6. Let f be a continuous function over R. Suppose F (x) = f (t − x) dt. Then F ′ (x) = f (−x).
0
Ans. True.
Proof.
∫ x
F (x) = f (t − x) dt
0
∫ 0
= f (u) du, u = t − x, du = dt
−x
∫ −x
=− f (u) du.
0

Thus
d
F ′ (x) = −f (−x) (−x) = f (−x).
dx

2
 ∫ 3
1
7. Let f (x) = |x − 1|, then there exists a number c ∈ [−1, 3] so that f (c) =
2
f (x) dx.
4 −1
Ans. True.
Proof. f (x) = |x2 − 1| is continuous on [−1, 3]. By the Mean Value Theorem for definite integral,
there exists some point c ∈ [−1, 3] such that
∫ 3 ∫
1 1 3
f (c) = f (x) dx = f (x) dx.
3 − (−1) −1 4 −1

∫ 1
8. x sin(x3 − x) dx = 0.
−1
Ans. False.
Solution. x, x3 − x, and sin(x3 − x) are odd functions of x, so x sin(x3 − x) is an even function
of x. −1 ≤ x3 − x ≤ 0 on [0, 1] and −1 < x3 − x < 0 on (0, 1) ⇒ sin(x3 − x) < 0 if x ∈ (0, 1) and
sin(x3 − x) = 0 at x = 0, 1. So
∫ 1 ∫ 1 ∫ 1
x sin(x − x) dx = 2
3
x sin(x − x) dx < 2
3
x · 0 dx = 0.
−1 0 0

Hence
∫ 1
x sin(x3 − x) dx ̸= 0.
−1

9. Let f and g be differentiable functions defined on the closed interval [0, 1]. If f (0) = g(0), and
f ′ (x) < g ′ (x) for every 0 < x < 1, then f (x) < g(x) for every 0 < x < 1.
Ans. True.
Proof. Define h(x) := g(x) − f (x). Then h(x) is differentiable on the closed interval [0, 1]. In
particular, h(x) is continuous on [0, 1]. Since h′ (x) = g ′ (x) − f ′ (x) > 0 for every 0 < x < 1, one has
that h(x) is increasing on [0, 1] (refer to Corollary 3 in Section 4.3). Now h(0) = g(0) − f (0) = 0.
Hence g(x) − f (x) = h(x) > h(0) = 0 for every 0 < x < 1.
∫ 2
10. The integral (2x − 1) dx is the area of the region bounded by the graph of f (x) = 2x − 1 and the
0
x-axis for 0 ≤ x ≤ 2.
Ans. False.
[ ] [ ]
1 1
Solution. Note that f (x) ≤ 0 on the interval 0, and f (x) ≥ 0 on the interval , 2 . The area
2 2
of the indicated region is
∫ 2 ∫ 1 ∫ 2
2 5
|f (x)|dx = −(2x − 1)dx + (2x − 1)dx = ,
0 0 1
2
2
while
∫ 2 ∫ 2
f (x)dx = (2x − 1)dx = 2.
0 0

3
ฒ֥ʛ Short answer questions (40 points)뼷Ʋʛ 5 Œ뼶(ằ‫ރ‬ԉļԘ뼷ِț٫ޯ֘ʛ̶؊ۖ֘ۖ
ϴć٫ޯਲljĂѭĘ̢Ļ뼶)

(x3 + 1)2
1. Find the absolute maximum value of the function f (x) = if exists.
1 + x6
Answer: 2 .
6x2 (1+x3 )(1−x3 )
Solution. Let f ′ (x) = (1+x6 )2
= 0, then x = −1, 0, 1 are the critical points. Since f ′ > 0 on
(−1, 1) and f ′ < 0 on (−∞, −1) ∪ (1, ∞), f is increasing on (−1, 1) and decreasing on (−∞, −1) ∪
(1, ∞). By the first derivative test for local extrema, f has a relative minimum at x = −1 and a
relative maximum at x = 1. f (x) → 1− as x → −∞ and f (x) → 1+ as x → ∞. Thus, the line y = 1
is a horizontal asymptote. Therefore, f has an absolute maximum value f (1) = 2 at x = 1.

√
2. Find a function F (x) such that F ′ (x) = x3 x2 + 1, F (0) = 0.
1( 2 )5/2 1 ( 2 )3/2 2
Answer: x +1 − x +1 + .
5 3 15
1
Solution. Let u = x2 + 1, then du = 2xdx. ⇒ xdx = du, x2 = u − 1. ⇒
2
∫ √ ∫ √
x3 x2 + 1 dx = x2 x2 + 1 xdx
∫
1 1
= (u − 1)u 2 · du
2
∫ ( )
1 3 1
= u 2 − u 2 du
2
1 5 1 3
= u2 − u2 + C
5 3
1( 2 )5 1 ( 2 )3
= x +1 2 − x + 1 2 + C.
5 3
So
1( 2 )5 1 ( 2 )3
F (x) = x +1 2 − x +1 2 +C for some C ∈ R.
5 3
Also
1 1 2
F (0) = 0 ⇒ − +C =0⇒C = .
5 3 15
Hence
1( 2 )5/2 1 ( 2 )3/2 2
F (x) = x +1 − x +1 + .
5 3 15

4
3. Find the area of the region enclosed by the curves x + y 2 = 0 and x + 3y 2 = 2.
8
Answer: .
3

Solution. Limits of integration:

x = −y 2 and x = 2 − 3y 2 ⇒ −y 2 = 2 − 3y 2 ⇒ y 2 − 1 = 0 ⇒ y = −1 and y = 1.
Hence, the area is
∫ 1 ( ) ( )
A= 2 − 3y 2 − −y 2 dy
−1
∫ 1 ( )
= 2 − 2y 2 dy
−1
[ ]1
2y 3
= 2y −
3
( ) −1 ( )
2 2
= 2− − −2 +
3 3
8
= .
3

∫ 3 sin 2x
dy dt π
4. Find if y = √ , |x| < . (Simplify your answer to a number.)
dx 0 9 − t2 4
Answer: 2 .

Solution.

dy 1 d
=√ (3 sin 2x)
dx 2 dx
9 − (3 sin 2x)
1
=√ (6 cos 2x)
9 cos2 2x
6 cos 2x
=
|3 cos 2x|
6 cos 2x π
= , since |x| < .
3 cos 2x 4
= 2.

5
 √
5. Find the antiderivative F (x) of the function f (x) = sin(2x) √2 + cos x with F (π/2) = 0.
8 4 32 2
Answer: F (x) = (2 + cos x)3/2 − (2 + cos x)5/2 − .
3 5 15

Solution.
∫ ∫
√ √
sin(2x) 2 + cos x dx = 2 cos x sin x 2 + cos x dx (let u = 2 + cos x, du = − sin xdx)
∫ ∫
√ ( 3/2 ) 4 8
= −2(u − 2) u du = −2 u − 2u1/2 du = − u5/2 + u3/2 + C
5 3
8 4
= (2 + cos x)3/2 − (2 + cos x)5/2 + C.
3 5

Since √
8 3/2 4 5/2 16 √ 16 √ 32 2
0= 2 − 2 +C = 2− 2+C = + C.
3 5 3 5 15
√
32 2
Hence C = − .
15

6. Find the average value√of f (x) = sin5 x − 2|1 − 4 sin2 x| on [−π/2, π/2].
2 4 3
Answer: − − .
3 π

∫ π/2
Solution. Note that sin x is odd, and |1 − 4 sin x| is even. Thus
5 2
sin5 xdx = 0 and
−π/2

∫ ∫
1 π/2
−4 π/2
f (x) dx = 1 − 4 sin2 x dx
π −π/2 π 0
(∫ ∫ π/2 )
π/6 ( ) ( )
−4
= 1 − 4 sin2 x dx + 4 sin2 x − 1 dx
π 0 π/6
(∫ ∫ π/2 )
−4 π/6
= (2 cos(2x) − 1) dx + (1 − 2 cos(2x)) dx
π 0 π/6
(( √ ) ( √ ))
−4 ( π/2
) −4 3 π π π 3
= [sin(2x) − x]π/6 0 + [x − sin(2x)]π/6 = − + − +
π π 2 6 2 6 2
√
−4 (√ π) 2 4 3
= 3+ =− − .
π 6 3 π

6
 ∫ 1/2 ∫ 2
1
7. Let f be a continuous function over [0, 2]. Suppose f (2x) dx = − and f (x) dx = 1.
∫ 2 0 2 1

Find f (x) dx.

0
Answer: 0 .

Solution.
∫ 1 ∫ ∫ 1
1 2 1 1
− = f (2x) dx = f (u) du. ⇒ f (x) dx = −1
2∫ 0 ∫ 2 0 ∫ 0
2 1 2
⇒ f (x) dx = f (x) dx + f (x) dx = −1 + 1 = 0.
0 0 1

√
8. Find the volume of the solid generated by revolving the region bounded by y = x and the lines
y = 2 and x = 0 about the line x = 4.
224
Answer: π .
15

Shell Method:

  
∫ ∫
b shell shell 4 √
V = 2π    dx = 2π(4 − x)(2 − x) dx
a radius height 0

∫ 4 [ ]4
1 3 8 3 2 5 224
= 2π 8 − 4x − 2x + x dx = 2π 8x − x 2 − x2 + x 2
2 2 = π.
0 3 5 0 15

Washer Method:

∫ d ∫ 2
V = π([R(y)] − [r(y)] ) dy =
2
π(42 − (4 − y 2 )2 ) dy
2
c 0
∫ 2 [ ]2
8 3 1 5 224
=π 8y − y dy = π y − y
2 4
= π.
0 3 5 0 15

7
̟Κɜ٫սdžʛ Show all your work (50 points)뼷Ʋʛ 10 Œ뼷ɐ֘ʛ̶؊ۖ֘ۖϴć٫ޯਲĘ뼷Ļ
ŗůġNJͱӅNJǟ٫뼶‫ރ‬ԉ̟ΚļԘ뼷ۚ‫צ‬ăୟ̟Œ뼶̀Ԇdžʛ̶Țăκဖʛ뼶

1. (10 points) Suppose the polynomial f (x) = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d has a local extrema 27 at x = 1, and
f (x)
lim = 9.
x→−2 x + 2

Find (a, b, c, d).

Ans. (−1, −3, 9, 22).

Solution. Note that f ′ (x) = 3ax2 +2bx+c. Since f has a local extrema 27 at x = 1, hence f ′ (1) = 0
and f (1) = 27. These imply that

27 = f (1) = a + b + c + d (1)

and
0 = f ′ (1) = 3a + 2b + c. (2)

On the other hand, we have

( f (x) ) f (x)
f (−2) = lim f (x) = lim (x + 2) · = lim (x + 2) · lim = 0 · 9 = 0.
x→−2 x→−2 x+2 x→−2 x→−2 x + 2

It follows that
f (x) f (x) − f (−2)
9 = lim = lim = f ′ (−2).
x→−2 x + 2 x→−2 x − (−2)
These imply that
0 = f (−2) = −8a + 4b − 2c + d (3)

and
9 = f ′ (−2) = 12a − 4b + c. (4)

Now,
(1) − (3) ⇒ 27 = 9a − 3b + 3c ⇒ 9 = 3a − b + c. (5)

(5) − (2) ⇒ 9 = −3b ⇒ b = −3.

(4) − (5) ⇒ 0 = 9a − 3b = 9a + 9 ⇒ a = −1.

By (2), we have
c = −3a − 2b = 3 + 6 = 9.

Finally, by (3), we obtain

d = 8a − 4b + 2c = −8 + 12 + 18 = 22

as desired.

8
2. (10 points) Use the definite integral to compute the limit.
∑
n
1
lim √ .
n→∞
k=1
n2 + nk

√
Ans. 2( 2 − 1).
1
Solution. Let f (x) = √ . Then
1+x
∑
n
1 ∑ n
1 1
lim √ = lim √
n→∞
k=1
2
n + nk n→∞
k=1
n 1+ k
n
∑1n ( )
k
= lim f
n→∞
k=1
n n
∫ 1
= f (x) dx
0
∫ 1
1
= √ dx
0 1+x
∫ 2
1
= √ du (Let u = 1 + x, du = dx.)
1 u
√
= 2( 2 − 1).

9
3. (10 points)
a. (5 points) Find the volume of the solid generated by revolving the region in the first quadrant
√
bounded above by the line y = 2, below by the curve y = sec x tan x, and on the left by the y-axis,
√
about the line y = 2. (Hint : 0 ≤ x ≤ π/4 for the enclosed region.)
b. (5 points) Let R denote the region in the first quadrant enclosed by the curves
9x
y=√ , y = 0, x = 3.
x3 + 9
Find the volume of the solid generated by revolving the region R about the y-axis.

( )
π √ 11
Ans. a. π +2 2− . b. 36π.
2 3
Solution.
√ √ sin x sin x √ √
a. Let sec x tan x = 2. Then 2 = = ⇒ 2 sin2
x + sin x − 2=0
√ cos2 x 1 − sin2 x
2 π
⇒ sin x = in the first quadrant. Hence, 0 ≤ x ≤ for the enclosed region.
2 4
Use disk method, we have
∫ π/4
V = π [R(x)]2 dx
0
∫ π/4 (√ )2
=π 2 − sec x tan x dx
0
∫ π/4 ( √ )
=π 2 − 2 2 sec x tan x + sec2 x tan2 x dx
(0∫ )
π/4 √ ∫ π/4 ∫ π/4
=π 2 dx − 2 2 sec x tan x dx + (tan x)2 sec2 x dx
0 0 0
( )
π/4 √ π/4 3
tan x π/4
= π 2x − 2 2 sec x +
0 0 3 0
[( ) ( ) ]
π √ √ 1( 3 )
=π −0 −2 2 2−1 + 1 −0
2 3
( )
π √ 11
=π +2 2− .
2 3

b. Use shell method, we have

∫ 3
9x
V = 2πx · √ dx.
0 x3 + 9
Let u = x3 + 9, then du = 3x2 dx, x = 0 ⇒ u = 9, x = 3 ⇒ u = 36. Then
∫ 3
6π
V = √ 3x2 dx
x 3+9
0
∫ 36
6π
= √ du
9 u
√ u=36
= 6π · 2 u
u=9

= 6π(12 − 6) = 36π.

10
4. (10 points) Find the volume of the largest right circular cone that can be inscribed in a sphere of
radius 3.

32π
Ans:
3
Solution.
Let x and y be as the indicated picture.

1
The volume of the right circular cone is V = πr2 h where h = 3 + y is the height and r = x is the
3√ √
radius of the disc satisfying the condition x = 32 − y 2 = 9 − y 2 .

1 1 27 + 9y − 3y 2 − y 3
Then the volume V = πr2 h = π(9 − y 2 )(3 + y) = π is a function of y and do-
3 3 3
main of V is (−3, 3).

dV 9 − 6y − 3y 2
Note that = π = (1 − y)(3 + y)π. The only critical point is y = 1 (since y = −3 ̸∈
dy 3
domain of V ).

dV dV
Now = (1 − y)(3 + y)π is positive when y ∈ (−3, 1) and is negative when y > 1. By First
dy dy
27 + 9 − 3 − 1 32
Derivative Test, the volume V has the maximum value V (1) = π = π at y = 1 and
√ 3 3
x = 2 2.

11
 x3 − x2
5. (10 points) Let f (x) = 2 . Find a. its domain, b. critical points, c. intervals of increasing/
x −1
decreasing, d. local(relative) maximum/minimum values, e. intervals of concavity, f. inflection
points, g. slant(oblique), horizontal and vertical asymptotes. h. Then sketch the graph of f (x).
Solution.

a. 0 = x2 − 1 = (x + 1)(x − 1) ⇒ x = −1, 1. Hence the domain is (−∞, −1) ∪ (−1, 1) ∪ (1, ∞).
x2 (x−1) x2
g. f (x) = (x+1)(x−1)
= x+1
= x − 1 + x1 , for all x ̸= −1, 1
Hence y = x − 1 is an oblique asymptote, and x = −1 is a vertical asymptote.

b. f ′ (x) = 1 − 1
(x+1)2
= x2 +2x
(x+1)2
, thus f ′ (x) = 0 ⇒ x = −2, 0 are the critical points.

c. Since f ′ > 0 on (−∞, −2)∪(0, 1)∪(1, ∞) and f ′ < 0 on (−2, −1)∪(−1, 0), hence f is increasing
on (−∞, −2)∪(0, 1)∪(1, ∞) (or (−∞, −2]∪[0, 1)∪(1, ∞)) and decreasing on (−2, −1)∪(−1, 0)
(or [−2, −1) ∪ (−1, 0]).

e. f ′′ (x) = 2
(x+1)3
. Since f ′′ < 0 on (−∞, −1), and f ′′ > 0 on (−1, 1) ∪ (1, ∞), hence f is concave
down on (−∞, −1) and concave up on (−1, 1) ∪ (1, ∞).

d. Since f ′ (−2) = 0 and f ′′ (−2) < 0, hence f (−2) = −4 is a local maximum and since f ′ (0) = 0
and f ′′ (0) > 0, hence f (0) = 0 is a local minimum.

f. Since f ′′ (x) = 2
(x+1)3
̸= 0 for all x in the domain, f has no inflection point.

h.

(ɇʛʨ޿)

12