Unsafe Things in the Picture:

A student dashes through the lab:

 Hazard: Accidents can occur due to collisions with equipment or
other individuals.
 Improvement: Walk calmly and deliberately to avoid tripping or
bumping into others.
2. No Lab Coat:
 Hazard: Exposure to chemicals and other hazardous materials can
cause skin irritation, burns, or other health problems.
 Improvement: Wear a lab coat to protect your clothing and skin
from spills and splashes.
3. Mixing Chemicals Without Gloves:
 Hazard: Direct contact with chemicals can cause skin burns, irritation,
or allergic reactions.
 Improvement: Wear appropriate gloves to protect your hands from
chemical exposure.
4. Improper Heating:
 Hazard: Using an open flame or an unsuitable heat source can lead
to fires, explosions, or burns.
 Improvement: Use a designated heating mantle or hot plate with
appropriate temperature control.
5. A wandering mind drifts away:
 Hazard: Distractions can lead to mistakes, spills, or accidents.
 Improvement: Focus on the task at hand and avoid distractions such
as cell phones or conversations.
6. Heating Chemicals in Glass:
 Hazard: Glass can shatter when heated, causing injury from broken
glass or hot chemicals.
 Improvement: Use heat-resistant glassware specifically designed for
laboratory use.
7. An electric kettle rests precariously in the wash basin and the tap
gushes forth:
 Hazard: This creates a risk of electrical shock, especially if the kettle is
plugged in.
 Improvement: Unplug the kettle and move it away from the wash
basin before turning on the tap.
Ode to Laboratory Safety
In the lab, where knowledge thrives,
Safety reigns, it truly survives.
Goggles donned, a shield so bright,
Protecting eyes from harmful light.
Lab coat worn, a barrier true,
From chemicals, it guards you.
Gloves on hands, a second skin,
Protecting flesh from burns within.
Mixing chemicals, a cautious task,
Read instructions, and avoid a mishap.
Fire and heat, with the care we wield,
Preventing flames that could be sealed.
Focus sharp, attention keen,
No distractions on the scene.
Glassware heated, with caution hold,
Shattered pieces, a story told.
Electric sparks, a hidden threat,
Water nearby, a dangerous duet.
Equipment checked, in working state,
Ensuring safety, sealing fate.
Safety first, a constant guide,
In the lab, where knowledge resides.
With every step, we take great care,
To ensure a safe and fruitful affair.

3. Hazard warning symbols

Symbo
Name Meaning
l

the deterioration of a material or its properties because

Corrosive
of a reaction with its environment

flammable capable of being easily ignited and of burning quickly.

This symbol indicates that the substance is an

Irritant
irritant.
4. Report on Corrosion
Corrosion
Corrosion is the process by which metals react with their environment to
form oxides or other compounds. This process is often accompanied by the
formation of rust, a reddish-brown substance that is composed of wash
basin oxide. Corrosion can cause metals to lose their strength and
durability, and it can also lead to the failure of structures made of metal.
Conditions for Corrosion to Occur
Three main conditions must be present for corrosion to occur:
 Exposure to Oxygen: Oxygen, a highly reactive element, readily
combines with metals, forming oxides that weaken their structure.
 Exposure to Moisture: Water acts as a medium for the
electrochemical reactions that drive corrosion. The presence of
moisture facilitates the movement of ions, accelerating the
deterioration process.
 Contact with an Electrolyte: An electrolyte, a substance that
conducts electricity, provides a pathway for the flow of electrons
between the metal and oxygen, further promoting corrosion.

Prevention of Corrosion
 Protection from Oxygen and Moisture: By shielding metals from
exposure to oxygen and moisture, we significantly reduce the
likelihood of corrosion. This can be achieved through various
methods, such as applying protective coatings, storing metals in dry
environments, and using desiccants to absorb moisture.
 Application of Protective Coatings: Applying a protective coating
to metal surfaces creates a barrier between the metal and the
corrosive environment. These coatings can be paints, polymers, or
metallic films, each offering varying degrees of protection depending
on the specific application.
 Use of Sacrificial Anodes: Sacrificial anodes are made of a more
reactive metal than the metal they protect. When connected to the
protected metal, the sacrificial anode corrodes instead, effectively
shielding the protected metal from corrosion. This method is
commonly used in pipelines and marine structures.
Experiment
Observations
After 24 hours, the iron nail that was coated with ketchup was still
corroded. However, the iron nail not coated with ketchup was completely
rusted. This shows that ketchup can be used to prevent corrosion from
occurring.
The ingredient in ketchup that is responsible for preventing corrosion is
acetic acid. Acetic acid is a weak acid that helps to dissolve the rust that
forms on iron. It also helps to create a protective barrier on the surface of
the iron that prevents oxygen and moisture from reaching the metal.
Other Examples of Corrosion Prevention
In addition to ketchup, several other things can be used to prevent
corrosion from occurring. These include:
 Vinegar
 Lemon juice
 Baking soda
 WD-40
 Rust-Oleum
These products can protect metal surfaces from corrosion by creating a
barrier between the metal and the oxygen and moisture in the air. They can
also be used to remove rust from metal surfaces.
Conclusion
Corrosion is a serious problem that can cause metals to lose their strength
and durability. However, several things can be done to prevent corrosion
from occurring. By taking these steps, you can help protect your metal
surfaces from the damaging effects of corrosion.

To effectively prevent corrosion, it is crucial to understand the conditions

contributing to its occurrence. Three key factors play a vital role:
1. Exposure to Oxygen: Oxygen, a highly reactive element, readily
combines with metals, forming oxides that weaken their structure.
2. Exposure to Moisture: Water acts as a medium for the electrochemical
reactions that drive corrosion. The presence of moisture facilitates the
movement of ions, accelerating the deterioration process.
3. Contact with an Electrolyte: An electrolyte, a substance that conducts
electricity, provides a pathway for the flow of electrons between the
metal and oxygen, further promoting corrosion.
Implementing Effective Prevention Strategies:
Armed with this knowledge, we can implement various strategies to prevent
corrosion:
 Protection from Oxygen and Moisture: By shielding metals from
exposure to oxygen and moisture, we significantly reduce the
likelihood of corrosion. This can be achieved through various
methods, such as applying protective coatings, storing metals in dry
environments, and using desiccants to absorb moisture.
 Application of Protective Coatings: Applying a protective coating
to metal surfaces creates a barrier between the metal and the
corrosive environment. These coatings can be paints, polymers, or
metallic films, each offering varying degrees of protection depending
on the specific application.
 Use of Sacrificial Anodes: Sacrificial anodes are made of a more
reactive metal than the metal they protect. When connected to the
protected metal, the sacrificial anode corrodes instead, effectively
shielding the protected metal from corrosion. This method is
commonly used in pipelines and marine structures.
Corrosion Prevention in Everyday Life:
Beyond these general strategies, several everyday practices can help
prevent corrosion:
 Regular Cleaning and Maintenance: Regularly cleaning metal
surfaces removes dirt, debris, and other contaminants that can
accelerate corrosion. Additionally, inspecting and maintaining metal
objects can help identify and address potential corrosion issues early
on.
 Proper Storage: Storing metals in dry, well-ventilated areas
minimizes their exposure to moisture and reduces the risk of
corrosion.
 Use of Corrosion Inhibitors: Corrosion inhibitors are chemicals that
slow down the rate of corrosion. They can be added to paints,
coatings, or directly to the environment surrounding the metal to
provide additional protection.
Conclusion:
Corrosion, while a formidable threat to metal structures and objects, can be
effectively prevented through a combination of understanding the
underlying mechanisms, implementing appropriate strategies, and
adopting preventative practices in everyday life. By taking these steps, we
can safeguard the integrity and longevity of our metal possessions,
ensuring their continued functionality and aesthetic appeal.