Life Science Chapter 10.

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. What type of bacteria breaks down dead plant and animal matter?
a. pathogenic bacteria c. decomposer bacteria
b. producer bacteria d. scavenger bacteria

____ 2. What kind of bacteria cause harm to grain, fruit, and vegetable crops?
a. bioremedial bacteria c. nitrogen-fixing bacteria
b. insulin-producing bacteria d. pathogenic bacteria

____ 3. When bacteria reproduce by binary fission,

a. two cells produce a third cell. c. one cell produces two cells.
b. two cells produce two more cells. d. one cell produces three or more cells.

____ 4. A way to prevent viral infections is through

a. genetic engineering. c. antibiotics.
b. bioremediation. d. vaccinations.

____ 5. Which of the following is NOT true of bacteria?

a. Bacteria change nitrogen into a form plants can use.
b. Bacteria change oxygen into nitrogen.
c. Bacteria change the sugar in milk to lactic acid.
d. Bacteria change harmful chemicals into harmless ones.

____ 6. What organisms can live where nothing else lives?

a. viruses c. cyanobacteria
b. bacteria d. archaea

____ 7. All bacteria have

a. one cell. c. three cells.
b. two cells. d. four or more cells.

____ 8. Which of the following is NOT a shape of bacteria?

a. crystal c. cocci
b. spirilla d. bacilli

____ 9. Which of the following is NOT a shape of viruses?

a. crystal c. sphere
b. spirilla d. cylinder

____ 10. What is one function that viruses share with living things?
a. They eat. c. They reproduce.
b. They move. d. They grow.
____ 11. Viruses reproduce by
a. nitrogen fixation. c. the lytic cycle only.
b. the lysogenic cycle and the lytic cycle. d. binary fission.

____ 12. What is one way bacteria help the environment?

a. They change oxygen to a form plants can use.
b. They change nitrogen to a form plants can use.
c. They change oxygen into nitrogen.
d. They change nitrogen into oxygen.

____ 13. What type of medicine is used to kill bacteria?

a. antiviral c. vaccine
b. insulin d. antibiotic

____ 14. Which of the following is an example of bioremediation?

a. using microorganisms to clean up an oil spill
b. using bacteria to make yogurt
c. creating plants that are resistant to bacteria
d. adding nitrogen-fixing bacteria to the soil before planting crops

____ 15. Which of the following is an example of genetic engineering?

a. using microorganisms to clean up an oil spill
b. using bacteria to make yogurt
c. creating plants that are resistant to bacteria
d. adding nitrogen-fixing bacteria to the soil before planting crops

Completion
Complete each statement.

16. Bacteria can be used to change chemicals that have leached into the soil into harmless substances through
_______________________.

17. One process in which bacteria play a crucial role in the lives of plants is _______________________.

18. AIDS is caused by a(n) _______________________.

19. Colds and flu are caused by _______________________.

20. A scientist who genetically engineered bacteria would need to understand _______________________, or
how bacteria reproduce.

Use the following terms to complete the sentences below.

binary fission endospores
nitrogen fixation lytic cycle
 21. Viruses enter a living cell and use it to make more viruses in the _____________________.

22. Bacteria reproduce by _____________________.

23. Genetic material from millions of years ago can survive in _____________________.

24. Bacteria change nitrogen into a form plants can use by _____________________.

Short Answer

25. Explain how the lysogenic cycle differs from the lytic cycle.
.
Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2

OBJ: 1
2. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2
OBJ: 3
3. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1
OBJ: 2
4. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 3
OBJ: 3
5. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2
OBJ: 1
6. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1
OBJ: 3
7. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1
OBJ: 1
8. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1
OBJ: 1
9. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 3
OBJ: 2
10. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 3
OBJ: 1
11. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 3
OBJ: 3
12. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2
OBJ: 1
13. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2
OBJ: 3
14. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2
OBJ: 1
15. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2
OBJ: 2

COMPLETION

16. ANS: bioremediation

PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 OBJ: 1

17. ANS: nitrogen fixation

PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 OBJ: 1

18. ANS: virus
 PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 3 OBJ: 2
19. ANS: viruses

PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 3 OBJ: 1

20. ANS: binary fission

PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 | 2 OBJ: 2 | 2

21. ANS: lytic cycle

PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 3 OBJ: 3

22. ANS: binary fission

PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 OBJ: 2

23. ANS: endospores

PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1 OBJ: 3

24. ANS: nitrogen fixation

PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 2 OBJ: 1

SHORT ANSWER

25. ANS:
Answers may vary. Sample answer: In the lytic cycle, the virus enters a cell and injects it with its genetic
material. The virus’s genes reproduce and break out of the cell, killing it. In the lysogenic cycle, the virus puts
its genes in a cell, but the genes don’t reproduce right away. They stay inactive. Once they reproduce, they
begin the lytic cycle.

PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 3 OBJ: 3