‭XI SMA | K13 | Pengenalan UTBK | Subtopik: Detailed Information | Pertemuan 05‬

‭Quiz - 1‬
‭Choose the best answer!‬

‭T he text below is for question number 1–2.‬

‭Text - 1‬

‭ hether‬‭it’s‬‭a‬‭Mozart‬‭prelude‬‭or‬‭a‬‭Black‬‭Sabbath‬‭screamer,‬‭music‬‭can‬‭have‬‭a‬‭profound‬‭effect‬‭on‬
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‭our‬‭mental‬‭health.‬‭Studies‬‭have‬‭shown‬‭that‬‭listening‬‭to‬‭music‬‭releases‬‭dopamine,‬‭the‬‭chemical‬‭in‬
‭the‬‭brain‬‭that‬‭has‬‭a‬‭key‬‭role‬‭in‬‭creating‬‭good‬‭moods.‬‭Music,‬‭while‬‭not‬‭a‬‭magic‬‭key‬‭to‬‭good‬‭mental‬
‭health‬ ‭or‬ ‭a‬ ‭cure‬ ‭for‬ ‭depression‬ ‭by‬ ‭any‬ ‭means,‬ ‭can‬ ‭be‬ ‭used‬ ‭to‬ ‭regulate‬ ‭mood‬ ‭or‬ ‭reduce‬ ‭some‬
‭symptoms of anxiety or depression.‬

‭ usic‬ ‭can‬ ‭be‬‭used‬‭to‬‭calm‬‭hospital‬‭patients‬‭undergoing‬‭medical‬‭procedures‬‭such‬‭as‬‭brain‬‭scans.‬

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‭There‬ ‭is‬ ‭good‬ ‭research‬ ‭evidence‬ ‭that‬ ‭shows‬ ‭that‬‭music‬‭is‬‭more‬‭than‬‭just‬‭a‬‭pleasurable‬‭pastime.‬
‭There‬ ‭are‬ ‭songs‬ ‭that‬ ‭produce‬ ‭a‬ ‭greater‬ ‭state‬‭of‬‭relaxation‬‭than‬‭any‬‭other‬‭music.‬‭Music‬‭listening‬
‭stimulates‬‭a‬‭number‬‭of‬‭regions‬‭in‬‭the‬‭brain.‬‭(5)‬‭This‬‭explains‬‭why‬‭it‬‭has‬‭such‬‭a‬‭strong‬‭impact‬‭and‬
‭why it can be good for our wellbeing.‬

‭ usic‬ ‭can‬ ‭be‬ ‭confessional‬ ‭and‬ ‭cathartic,‬ ‭too.‬ ‭You‬ ‭only‬ ‭have‬ ‭to‬ ‭look‬ ‭at‬ ‭how‬ ‭many‬ ‭songs‬ ‭about‬
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‭breakups,‬ ‭mental‬ ‭distress‬ ‭or‬‭addiction‬‭there‬‭are‬‭to‬‭see‬‭how‬‭listening‬‭to‬‭songs‬‭about‬‭such‬‭things‬
‭can‬ ‭be‬‭helpful.‬‭This‬‭can‬‭be‬‭therapeutic‬‭for‬‭the‬‭songwriter‬‭or‬‭composer‬‭and‬‭also‬‭the‬‭listener‬‭who‬
‭identifies with similar experiences.‬

‭ ‬ ‭study‬ ‭from‬ ‭2011‬ ‭in‬ ‭Finland‬ ‭shows‬ ‭that‬ ‭music‬ ‭therapy‬ ‭can‬ ‭be‬ ‭used‬ ‭to‬ ‭improve‬ ‭treatment‬ ‭of‬
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‭depression,‬ ‭at‬ ‭least‬ ‭in‬ ‭the‬ ‭short‬ ‭term.‬ ‭The‬ ‭technique‬ ‭used‬ ‭non-verbal‬ ‭communication‬ ‭to‬ ‭help‬
‭patients‬‭express‬‭their‬‭emotions.‬‭The‬‭study,‬‭published‬‭in‬‭the‬‭British‬‭Journal‬‭of‬‭Psychiatry,‬‭showed‬‭a‬
‭greater‬ ‭improvement‬ ‭than‬ ‭in‬ ‭patients‬ ‭receiving‬ ‭standard‬ ‭therapy.‬ ‭What’s‬‭clear‬‭is‬‭that‬‭music‬‭can‬
‭often engage people in ways words can’t.‬

‭Delgado, Kasia. 2021. “Music can help our mental health and reduce symptoms of anxiety”.‬‭INews‬‭. Accessed‬‭and adapted‬
‭on September 17, 2021.‬
‭https://inews.co.uk/inews-lifestyle/wellbeing/music-can-help-our-mental-health-and-reduce-symptoms-of-anxiety-10696‬
‭74‬

‭1.‬ A‭ ccording‬ ‭to‬ ‭the‬ ‭text,‬ ‭music‬ ‭can‬ ‭be‬ ‭an‬ ‭____‬ ‭tool‬ ‭for‬ ‭managing‬ ‭the‬ ‭symptoms‬ ‭of‬ ‭numerous‬
‭conditions although it is not a cure for any of them.‬
‭A.‬ ‭appropriate‬
‭B.‬ ‭accessible‬
‭C.‬ ‭enjoyable‬
‭D.‬ ‭excellent‬
‭E.‬ ‭absolute‬

‭2.‬ ‭The author emphasizes that music can relieve our strong emotions in paragraph(s) ….‬
‭A.‬ ‭1‬
‭B.‬ ‭2‬
‭C.‬ ‭3‬
‭D.‬ ‭2 and 3‬
‭E.‬ ‭2 and 4‬
‭T he text below is for question number 3–4.‬

‭Text - 2‬

‭ urricane‬ ‭Irma‬ ‭was‬ ‭an‬ ‭extremely‬ ‭powerful‬ ‭Cape‬ ‭Verde‬ ‭hurricane‬ ‭that‬ ‭caused‬ ‭widespread‬
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‭destruction‬‭across‬‭its‬‭path‬‭in‬‭September‬‭2017.‬‭Irma‬‭was‬‭the‬‭first‬‭Category‬‭5‬‭hurricane‬‭to‬‭strike‬‭the‬
‭Leeward‬ ‭Islands‬ ‭on‬‭record,‬‭followed‬‭by‬‭Maria‬‭two‬‭weeks‬‭later.‬‭At‬‭the‬‭time,‬‭it‬‭was‬‭considered‬‭as‬
‭the‬ ‭most‬ ‭powerful‬ ‭hurricane‬ ‭on‬ ‭record‬‭in‬‭the‬‭open‬‭Atlantic‬‭region,‬‭outside‬‭of‬‭the‬‭Caribbean‬‭Sea‬
‭and‬ ‭Gulf‬ ‭of‬ ‭Mexico‬ ‭until‬ ‭it‬ ‭was‬ ‭surpassed‬ ‭by‬ ‭Hurricane‬ ‭Dorian‬ ‭just‬ ‭two‬ ‭years‬ ‭later.‬ ‭The‬ ‭ninth‬
‭named‬‭storm,‬‭fourth‬‭hurricane,‬‭second‬‭major‬‭hurricane,‬‭and‬‭first‬‭Category‬‭5‬‭hurricane‬‭of‬‭the‬‭2017‬
‭season,‬‭Irma‬‭caused‬‭widespread‬‭and‬‭catastrophic‬‭damage‬‭throughout‬‭its‬‭long‬‭lifetime,‬‭particularly‬
‭in‬‭the‬‭northeastern‬‭Caribbean‬‭and‬‭the‬‭Florida‬‭Keys.‬‭It‬‭was‬‭also‬‭the‬‭most‬‭intense‬‭hurricane‬‭to‬‭strike‬
‭the‬ ‭continental‬ ‭United‬ ‭States‬ ‭since‬ ‭Katrina‬ ‭in‬ ‭2005,‬ ‭the‬‭first‬‭major‬‭hurricane‬‭to‬‭make‬‭landfall‬‭in‬
‭Florida‬ ‭since‬ ‭Wilma‬ ‭in‬ ‭the‬‭same‬‭year,‬‭and‬‭the‬‭first‬‭Category‬‭4‬‭hurricane‬‭to‬‭strike‬‭the‬‭state‬‭since‬
‭Charley‬ ‭in‬ ‭2004.‬ ‭The‬ ‭word‬ ‭Irmageddon‬ ‭was‬ ‭coined‬ ‭soon‬ ‭after‬ ‭the‬ ‭hurricane‬ ‭to‬ ‭describe‬ ‭the‬
‭damage caused by the hurricane.‬

I‭rma‬ ‭developed‬ ‭from‬ ‭a‬ ‭tropical‬ ‭wave‬ ‭near‬ ‭the‬ ‭Cape‬ ‭Verde‬ ‭Islands‬ ‭on‬ ‭August‬ ‭30.‬ ‭Favorable‬
‭conditions‬‭allowed‬‭Irma‬‭to‬‭rapidly‬‭intensify‬‭into‬‭a‬‭Category‬‭3‬‭hurricane‬‭on‬‭the‬‭Saffir–Simpson‬‭wind‬
‭scale‬‭by‬‭late‬‭on‬‭August‬‭31.‬‭However,‬‭the‬‭storm's‬‭intensity‬‭fluctuated‬‭between‬‭Categories‬‭2‬‭and‬‭3‬
‭for‬ ‭the‬ ‭next‬ ‭several‬ ‭days‬ ‭due‬ ‭to‬ ‭a‬ ‭series‬ ‭of‬ ‭eyewall‬ ‭replacement‬ ‭cycles.‬ ‭On‬ ‭September‬ ‭4,‬‭Irma‬
‭resumed‬ ‭intensifying,‬ ‭becoming‬ ‭a‬ ‭Category‬ ‭5‬ ‭hurricane‬ ‭by‬ ‭early‬ ‭on‬ ‭the‬ ‭next‬ ‭day.‬ ‭Early‬ ‭on‬
‭September‬‭6,‬‭Irma‬‭peaked‬‭with‬‭1-minute‬‭sustained‬‭winds‬‭of‬‭180‬‭mph‬‭(285‬‭km/h)‬‭and‬‭a‬‭minimum‬
‭pressure‬‭of‬‭914‬‭hPa‬‭(27.0‬‭inHg).‬‭Irma‬‭was‬‭the‬‭second-most‬‭intense‬‭tropical‬‭cyclone‬‭worldwide‬‭in‬
‭2017‬ ‭in‬ ‭terms‬ ‭of‬ ‭barometric‬ ‭pressure‬ ‭and‬ ‭the‬ ‭strongest‬ ‭worldwide‬ ‭in‬ ‭2017‬ ‭in‬ ‭terms‬ ‭of‬ ‭wind‬
‭speed.‬

‭ he‬‭storm‬‭caused‬‭catastrophic‬‭damage‬‭in‬‭Barbuda,‬‭Saint‬‭Barthélemy,‬‭Saint‬‭Martin,‬‭Anguilla,‬‭and‬
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‭the‬ ‭Virgin‬ ‭Islands‬ ‭as‬ ‭a‬ ‭Category‬ ‭5‬ ‭hurricane.‬ ‭The‬ ‭hurricane‬ ‭caused‬ ‭at‬ ‭least‬ ‭134‬ ‭deaths:‬ ‭one‬ ‭in‬
‭Anguilla;‬‭one‬‭in‬‭Barbados;‬‭three‬‭in‬‭Barbuda;‬‭four‬‭in‬‭the‬‭British‬‭Virgin‬‭Islands;‬‭10‬‭in‬‭Cuba;‬‭11‬‭in‬‭the‬
‭French‬‭West‬‭Indies;‬‭one‬‭in‬‭Haiti;‬‭three‬‭in‬‭Puerto‬‭Rico;‬‭four‬‭on‬‭the‬‭Dutch‬‭side‬‭of‬‭Sint‬‭Maarten;‬‭92‬‭in‬
‭the contiguous United States, and four in the U.S. Virgin Islands.‬

‭Wikipedia. n.d. Entry "Hurricane Irma". Accessed and adapted on August 19, 2021.‬
‭https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane_Irma‬

‭3.‬ ‭Irma was well-known as the mightiest hurricane, for ....‬

‭A.‬ ‭it is developed from a tropical wave‬
‭B.‬ ‭it was the Category 5 hurricane‬
‭C.‬ ‭it damaged the Leeward Islands‬
‭D.‬ ‭it was followed by Hurricane Maria‬
‭E.‬ ‭it was the deadliest natural disaster in U.S. history‬

‭4.‬ ‭Based on the text, the term "‬‭Irmageddon‬‭" on paragraph‬‭1 appeared due to ….‬
‭A.‬ ‭the destruction of Florida‬
‭B.‬ ‭the total number of deaths‬
‭C.‬ ‭the category of Hurricane Irma‬
‭D.‬ ‭a number of areas that the hurricane hit‬
‭E.‬ ‭extraordinary devastation caused by Hurricane Irma‬
‭T he text below is for question number 5–6.‬

‭Text - 3‬

‭ esearchers‬ ‭from‬‭different‬‭countries‬‭frequently‬‭collaborate‬‭with‬‭each‬‭other,‬‭a‬‭process‬‭made‬‭ever‬
R
‭easier‬‭by‬‭the‬‭rise‬‭of‬‭electronic‬‭communications.‬‭But‬‭scientists‬‭do‬‭not‬‭like‬‭to‬‭work‬‭on‬‭presumption,‬
‭so two studies published in Nature have tested the idea.‬

‭ assidy‬‭Sugimoto‬‭of‬‭Indiana‬‭University,‬‭in‬‭Bloomington,‬‭and‬‭her‬‭colleagues‬‭looked‬‭at‬‭papers‬‭listed‬
C
‭in‬‭Web‬‭of‬‭Science,‬‭a‬‭database‬‭that‬‭tracks‬‭how‬‭often‬‭an‬‭article‬‭is‬‭cited‬‭by‬‭another.‬‭That‬‭narrowed‬
‭the‬‭field‬‭to‬‭around‬‭14m‬‭papers,‬‭on‬‭one‬‭or‬‭more‬‭of‬‭which‬‭some‬‭16m‬‭different‬‭researchers‬‭had‬‭been‬
‭listed‬ ‭as‬ ‭an‬ ‭author.‬ ‭Dr‬ ‭Sugimoto‬ ‭classified‬ ‭researchers‬ ‭whose‬ ‭country‬ ‭of‬ ‭affiliation‬ ‭remained‬
‭unchanged‬ ‭during‬ ‭the‬ ‭period‬ ‭studied‬ ‭as‬ ‭non-mobile.‬ ‭She‬‭then‬‭looked‬‭at‬‭the‬‭number‬‭of‬‭citations‬
‭each‬ ‭scholar’s‬ ‭published‬ ‭papers‬ ‭had‬ ‭received.‬ ‭Thus‬ ‭researchers’‬ ‭citation‬ ‭records‬ ‭are‬ ‭commonly‬
‭regarded as proxy measurements for the quality of the science they produce.‬

‭ he‬‭and‬‭her‬‭colleagues‬‭found‬‭that,‬‭whatever‬‭their‬‭country‬‭of‬‭origin,‬‭mobile‬‭researchers‬‭produced‬
S
‭more‬‭highly‬‭cited‬‭works‬‭than‬‭did‬‭their‬‭non-mobile‬‭peers.‬‭The‬‭boost‬‭in‬‭citations‬‭ranged‬‭from‬‭10.8%‬
‭for‬ ‭North‬ ‭American‬ ‭scholars‬ ‭up‬ ‭to‬ ‭172.8%‬ ‭for‬ ‭scientists‬ ‭from‬ ‭eastern‬ ‭Europe.‬ ‭But‬ ‭the‬ ‭second‬
‭paper,‬ ‭by‬ ‭Caroline‬ ‭Wagner‬ ‭of‬ ‭Ohio‬ ‭State‬ ‭University,‬ ‭in‬ ‭Columbus,‬ ‭and‬ ‭Koen‬ ‭Jonkers‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬
‭European‬ ‭Commission’s‬ ‭Joint‬ ‭Research‬ ‭Centre,‬ ‭in‬ ‭Brussels,‬ ‭suggests‬ ‭that‬ ‭these‬ ‭peripatetic‬
‭individuals certainly do benefit the countries that host them.‬

‭ r‬‭Wagner‬‭and‬‭Dr‬‭Jonkers‬‭used‬‭regression‬‭analysis,‬‭a‬‭statistical‬‭technique,‬‭to‬‭look‬‭for‬‭correlations‬
D
‭between‬‭a‬‭country’s‬‭spending‬‭on‬‭research‬‭and‬‭development,‬‭the‬‭flow‬‭of‬‭scientists‬‭in‬‭and‬‭out‬‭of‬‭it,‬
‭and‬ ‭the‬ ‭quality‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭science‬ ‭produced‬ ‭by‬ ‭its‬ ‭researchers.‬ ‭The‬‭pair‬‭discovered‬‭that‬‭places‬‭with‬
‭large‬ ‭numbers‬ ‭of‬ ‭scientists‬ ‭coming‬ ‭and‬ ‭going‬ ‭did‬ ‭indeed‬‭produce‬‭papers‬‭that‬‭were‬‭more‬‭highly‬
‭cited.‬ ‭High-spending‬ ‭countries‬ ‭produced‬ ‭more‬‭papers,‬‭but‬‭proportionately‬‭no‬‭more‬‭of‬‭the‬‭highly‬
‭cited ones than countries which spent less.‬

s‭ ource:https:www.economist.com/news/science-andtechnology/21729977-governments-should-t‬
‭ake-note‬

‭5.‬ ‭Based on the passage, what is the criterion of the research to be considered as influential?‬
‭A.‬ ‭How often the researcher being cited.‬
‭B.‬ ‭The budget for the research.‬
‭C.‬ ‭The number of results being produced.‬
‭D.‬ ‭The number of scientists worked on the research.‬
‭E.‬ ‭The number of scientists who change countries.‬

‭6.‬ ‭What is a mobile researcher?‬

‭A.‬ ‭A researcher that studied by Dr Sugimoto‬
‭B.‬ ‭A researcher that changed their subject of research‬
‭C.‬ ‭A researcher that move from one country to another‬
‭D.‬ ‭A researcher that changed their affiliation of country during the studies period‬
‭E.‬ ‭A researcher that changed their subject and change their country during the studies period‬
‭Quiz - 2‬
‭Choose the best answer!‬

‭1.‬ ‭T he text below is for the following question.‬

‭Text - 4‬

‭ hikkha‬ ‭Tori,‬ ‭which‬ ‭literally‬ ‭means‬ ‭“the‬ ‭boat‬ ‭of‬ ‭education”,‬ ‭is‬ ‭an‬ ‭innovative‬ ‭program‬ ‭by‬
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‭non-government‬ ‭organisation‬ ‭BRAC‬ ‭that‬ ‭allows‬ ‭children‬ ‭living‬ ‭in‬ ‭some‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭most‬
‭flood-prone and low-lying regions in Bangladesh to attend boat schools.‬

‭ ne-third‬‭of‬‭Bangladesh,‬‭especially‬‭its‬‭northeastern‬‭areas,‬‭is‬‭only‬‭one‬‭metre‬‭above‬‭sea‬‭level.‬
O
‭These‬‭wetlands,‬‭locally‬‭known‬‭as‬‭Haor,‬‭become‬‭vast‬‭stretches‬‭of‬‭water‬‭during‬‭the‬‭monsoon‬
‭season‬ ‭and‬ ‭remain‬ ‭flooded‬ ‭for‬ ‭around‬ ‭7‬ ‭to‬ ‭8‬ ‭months‬ ‭a‬ ‭year.‬ ‭During‬‭this‬‭season,‬‭roads‬‭are‬
‭submerged leaving students from poor families without access to traditional schools.‬

‭ ortunately,‬ ‭non-profits,‬ ‭such‬ ‭as‬ ‭Shidhulai‬ ‭Swanirvar‬ ‭Sangstha‬ ‭and‬ ‭later‬ ‭BRAC,‬ ‭began‬
F
‭introducing‬ ‭boat‬ ‭schools‬ ‭as‬ ‭a‬ ‭way‬ ‭to‬ ‭bring‬ ‭the‬ ‭classroom‬‭to‬‭the‬‭children.‬‭These‬‭boats‬‭also‬
‭serve‬ ‭a‬ ‭water‬ ‭bus‬ ‭that‬ ‭picks‬ ‭up‬ ‭students‬ ‭directly‬ ‭from‬ ‭their‬ ‭homes.‬ ‭The‬ ‭idea‬ ‭for‬ ‭the‬ ‭boat‬
‭school‬ ‭came‬ ‭to‬ ‭Mohammed‬ ‭Rezwan,‬ ‭founder‬ ‭and‬ ‭executive‬ ‭director‬‭of‬‭Shidhulai‬‭Swanirvar‬
‭Sangstha,‬‭because‬‭of‬‭a‬‭childhood‬‭memory.‬‭He‬‭grew‬‭up‬‭in‬‭a‬‭region‬‭prone‬‭to‬‭flooding‬‭and‬‭was‬
‭only‬‭able‬‭to‬‭get‬‭to‬‭school‬‭during‬‭the‬‭monsoon‬‭season‬‭on‬‭a‬‭boat‬‭his‬‭family-owned.‬‭However,‬
‭many of his childhood friends were not as fortunate.‬

‭ ith‬ ‭the‬ ‭aid‬ ‭from‬ ‭organizations,‬ ‭such‬‭as‬‭Global‬‭Fund‬‭for‬‭Children‬‭and‬‭the‬‭Bill‬‭and‬‭Melinda‬

W
‭Gates‬ ‭Foundation,‬ ‭the‬ ‭first‬ ‭boat‬ ‭school‬ ‭set‬ ‭sail‬ ‭in‬ ‭2002.‬ ‭Then,‬ ‭BRAC,‬ ‭the‬ ‭largest‬ ‭NGO‬ ‭in‬
‭Bangladesh,‬ ‭also‬ ‭began‬ ‭running‬ ‭boat‬ ‭schools‬ ‭in‬ ‭2012‬ ‭as‬ ‭a‬ ‭part‬ ‭of‬ ‭their‬ ‭project.‬ ‭Floating‬
‭schools‬‭by‬‭Shidhulai‬‭Swanirvar‬‭Sangstha‬‭have‬‭reached‬‭over‬‭80‬‭thousand‬‭students‬‭since‬‭the‬
‭program’s‬ ‭inception,‬ ‭and‬ ‭BRAC’s‬ ‭boats‬ ‭have‬ ‭reached‬ ‭12‬ ‭thousands‬ ‭more.‬ ‭Both‬ ‭of‬ ‭these‬
‭initiatives played a role in bringing up the level of school attendance.‬

‭ hile‬‭these‬‭schools‬‭may‬‭not‬‭take‬‭place‬‭behind‬‭the‬‭four‬‭walls‬‭of‬‭a‬‭traditional‬‭school,‬‭students‬
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‭from‬‭these‬‭programs‬‭have‬‭proven‬‭to‬‭be‬‭as‬‭competitive‬‭as‬‭other‬‭students‬‭in‬‭the‬‭country.‬‭Some‬
‭BRAC‬ ‭boats‬ ‭house‬ ‭mini-libraries,‬ ‭science‬ ‭corners,‬ ‭and‬ ‭feature‬ ‭laptops‬ ‭with‬ ‭internet‬
‭connection,‬ ‭while‬ ‭some‬ ‭Shidhulai‬ ‭Swanirvar‬ ‭Sangstha‬ ‭boats‬ ‭have‬‭rooftop‬‭solar‬‭panels‬‭that‬
‭power the boat at night and allow working students to attend class.‬

‭ eachers‬ ‭are‬ ‭recruited‬ ‭from‬ ‭the‬ ‭local‬ ‭community‬ ‭and‬‭trained‬‭to‬‭talk‬‭to‬‭students‬‭about‬‭their‬

T
‭mental‬‭and‬‭physical‬‭growth,‬‭the‬‭effects‬‭of‬‭climate‬‭change,‬‭and‬‭different‬‭ways‬‭to‬‭protect‬‭the‬
‭environment.‬ ‭The‬ ‭concept‬ ‭of‬ ‭boat‬ ‭schools‬ ‭has‬ ‭now‬ ‭been‬ ‭taken‬ ‭up‬ ‭by‬ ‭other‬ ‭developing‬
‭countries, such as the Philippines, Cambodia, Nigeria, Vietnam, and Zambia.‬

‭Anjum, S. (2020). Floating classrooms bring education to flooded communities in Bangladesh. Global Voices. Taken‬
‭on November 30, 2021 from‬
‭https://globalvoices.org/2020/02/14/floating-classrooms-bring-education-to-flooded-communities-in-bangladesh/.‬

‭Which information about Bangladesh in paragraph 2 is correct?‬

‭A.‬ ‭Poor people in Bangladesh cannot go to school during the monsoon season.‬
‭B.‬ ‭Many of its people live in flood-prone areas.‬
‭C.‬ ‭It is one meter above sea level.‬
‭D.‬ ‭The country is well-known for its floods.‬
‭E.‬ ‭The north east of Bangladesh is always flooded every year.‬
‭T he text below is for question number 2–3.‬

‭Text - 5‬

‭ hen‬ ‭Rich‬ ‭Mason‬ ‭quit‬ ‭his‬ ‭job‬ ‭as‬ ‭a‬ ‭theater‬ ‭manager‬ ‭to‬‭deliver‬‭meals‬‭on‬‭his‬‭bicycle‬‭in‬‭2017,‬‭he‬
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‭figured‬ ‭it‬ ‭would‬ ‭be‬ ‭a‬ ‭good‬ ‭way‬ ‭of‬‭earning‬‭some‬‭cash‬‭while‬‭exploring‬‭a‬‭career‬‭change.‬‭But‬‭as‬‭a‬
‭rider‬ ‭for‬ ‭a‬ ‭big‬ ‭delivery‬ ‭app,‬ ‭he‬ ‭says,‬ ‭he‬ ‭could‬ ‭barely‬ ‭cover‬ ‭his‬ ‭rent,‬ ‭bringing‬ ‭in‬ ‭as‬ ‭little‬ ‭as‬ ‭£10‬
‭($13.24)‬‭on‬‭some‬‭days.‬‭“It’s‬‭a‬‭really‬‭dehumanizing‬‭and‬‭horrible‬‭experience,”‬‭says‬‭Mason,‬‭33.‬‭“You‬
‭have‬‭no‬‭human‬‭manager‬‭you‬‭can‬‭talk‬‭to.‬‭You‬‭either‬‭get‬‭orders‬‭through‬‭your‬‭phone‬‭screen‬‭or‬‭you‬
‭don’t.”‬

‭ hat‬‭spurred‬‭Mason‬‭to‬‭seek‬‭a‬‭better‬‭way‬‭to‬‭get‬‭meals‬‭to‬‭hungry‬‭folks‬‭at‬‭home.‬‭In‬‭July‬‭he‬‭started‬
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‭Wings,‬‭a‬‭cooperative‬‭in‬‭the‬‭North‬‭London‬‭neighborhood‬‭of‬‭Finsbury‬‭Park‬‭that‬‭delivers‬‭meals‬‭from‬
‭local‬ ‭restaurants.‬ ‭With‬ ‭£20,000‬ ‭in‬‭government‬‭funding‬‭and‬‭grants‬‭from‬‭foundations,‬‭Wings‬‭has‬
‭hired‬‭a‬‭half-dozen‬‭riders‬‭who‬‭work‬‭five-hour‬‭shifts‬‭for‬‭a‬‭guaranteed‬‭wage‬‭of‬‭£11.05‬‭an‬‭hour,‬‭the‬
‭minimum needed to get by in London, according to the nonprofit Living Wage Foundation.‬

‭ ings‬ ‭is‬ ‭one‬ ‭of‬ ‭scores‬ ‭of‬ ‭cooperatives‬ ‭sprouting‬ ‭up‬ ‭to‬ ‭battle‬ ‭the‬ ‭inequity‬ ‭of‬ ‭part‬‭time‬‭jobs,‬‭an‬
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‭issue‬ ‭that‬ ‭was‬ ‭made‬ ‭excruciatingly‬ ‭clear‬ ‭as‬ ‭the‬ ‭pandemic‬ ‭fueled‬ ‭soaring‬ ‭demand‬ ‭for‬ ‭delivery‬
‭services.‬ ‭Technology‬ ‭companies‬ ‭behind‬ ‭delivery‬ ‭apps‬ ‭are‬ ‭under‬ ‭pressure‬ ‭from‬ ‭investors‬ ‭and‬
‭governments‬ ‭to‬ ‭offer‬‭better‬‭conditions‬‭for‬‭workers,‬‭who‬‭are‬‭often‬‭classed‬‭as‬‭self-employed‬‭with‬
‭no benefits or any guarantee of a minimum wage.‬

‭ he‬ ‭big‬ ‭apps‬ ‭have‬ ‭dominated‬ ‭the‬ ‭industry‬ ‭so‬ ‭far,‬ ‭because‬ ‭they‬ ‭have‬ ‭vast‬ ‭pools‬ ‭of‬ ‭money‬ ‭that‬
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‭allow‬‭them‬‭to‬‭build‬‭brand‬‭awareness‬‭and‬‭create‬‭the‬‭complex‬‭systems‬‭needed‬‭to‬‭ensure‬‭reliability,‬
‭says‬ ‭George‬‭Maier,‬‭a‬‭fellow‬‭at‬‭London‬‭School‬‭of‬‭Economics.‬‭But‬‭all‬‭that‬‭spending‬‭hasn’t‬‭yielded‬
‭consistent‬ ‭earnings.‬ ‭Deliveroo‬ ‭and‬ ‭Uber‬ ‭Eats‬ ‭have‬ ‭yet‬ ‭to‬ ‭turn‬ ‭a‬ ‭profit,‬ ‭and‬ ‭DoorDash‬ ‭was‬‭only‬
‭briefly‬ ‭profitable‬ ‭during‬ ‭the‬ ‭second‬ ‭quarter‬ ‭of‬ ‭2020‬ ‭as‬ ‭stay-at-home‬ ‭orders‬ ‭across‬ ‭the‬ ‭U.S.‬
‭boosted demand for takeout.‬

‭ ings‬ ‭uses‬ ‭a‬ ‭service‬ ‭called‬ ‭CoopCycle,‬ ‭provided‬ ‭by‬ ‭a‬ ‭Paris‬‭company‬‭that‬‭charges‬‭about‬‭2%‬‭of‬
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‭revenue‬ ‭for‬‭software‬‭that‬‭can‬‭track‬‭couriers‬‭and‬‭manage‬‭orders‬‭from‬‭shops‬‭and‬‭restaurants.‬‭The‬
‭company‬‭has‬‭licensed‬‭the‬‭program‬‭to‬‭roughly‬‭75‬‭groups‬‭across‬‭Europe,‬‭most‬‭of‬‭them‬‭less‬‭than‬‭a‬
‭year‬‭old‬‭and‬‭about‬‭half‬‭of‬‭which‬‭are‬‭supported‬‭by‬‭some‬‭form‬‭of‬‭government‬‭funding,‬‭says‬‭Adrien‬
‭Claude,‬‭who‬‭helps‬‭CoopCycle‬‭members‬‭gain‬‭traction.‬‭“Every‬‭co-op‬‭is‬‭running‬‭its‬‭own‬‭business,‬‭it’s‬
‭usually‬ ‭cheaper‬ ‭for‬ ‭restaurants,‬ ‭it’s‬ ‭bike-only,”‬ ‭Claude‬ ‭says.‬ ‭“And‬‭couriers‬‭are‬‭members,‬‭so‬‭they‬
‭want to take care of customers and restaurants.”‬

‭Quinn, A. (2021). A Food Delivery App That Guarantees a Living Wage. Taken on September 28, 2022 from‬
‭https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-12-21/london-food-delivery-cooperative-wings-guarantees-workers-a-liv‬
‭ing-wage.‬

‭2.‬ ‭Which of these is correct about the war in DoorDash?‬

‭A.‬ ‭One such food delivery service operating profitably in the epidemic period.‬
‭B.‬ ‭Wings, Deliveroo, and Uber Eats are used by businesses in a variety of industries.‬
‭C.‬ ‭Largest food delivery business in the United states of America.‬
‭D.‬ ‭A competitor of Wings that pays its couriers a livable salary.‬
‭E.‬ ‭One of the biggest delivery firms still affected by the pandemic.‬

‭3.‬ ‭These statements are correct about the Wings, EXCEPT ...‬
‭A.‬ ‭Wings is a cooperative-style business.‬
‭B.‬ ‭Wings is against providing workers insufficient wages.‬
‭C.‬ ‭Workers at Wings who deliver food are also CoopCyle members.‬
‭D.‬ ‭Wings has thousands of employees in Paris.‬
‭E.‬ ‭Being a Wings courier pays better than working for a major delivery app firm.‬
‭4.‬ ‭T he text below is for the following question.‬

‭Text - 6‬

‭ r.‬ ‭Kriss,‬ ‭a‬ ‭German‬ ‭expat,‬ ‭lives‬ ‭high‬ ‭on‬ ‭a‬ ‭cliff‬ ‭overlooking‬ ‭Jimbaran,‬ ‭a‬ ‭popular‬ ‭tourist‬
M
‭destination‬‭in‬‭Bali.‬‭From‬‭his‬‭house,‬‭he‬‭can‬‭see‬‭the‬‭airport‬‭perfectly‬‭and‬‭unobstructed.‬‭At‬‭the‬
‭height‬‭of‬‭the‬‭pre-pandemic,‬‭Mr.‬‭Kriss‬‭observed,‬‭he‬‭handled‬‭around‬‭700‬‭planes‬‭daily,‬‭bringing‬
‭more‬ ‭than‬ ‭6.3‬ ‭million‬ ‭foreign‬ ‭visitors‬ ‭to‬‭the‬‭Indonesian‬‭island‬‭each‬‭year.‬‭In‬‭2020‬‭the‬‭island‬
‭received‬‭just‬‭one‬‭million‬‭foreign‬‭visitors,‬‭almost‬‭all‬‭before‬‭Bali‬‭and‬‭the‬‭rest‬‭of‬‭the‬‭world‬‭went‬
‭into‬‭lockdown‬‭in‬‭March‬‭of‬‭that‬‭year.‬‭Then‬‭in‬‭2021‬‭the‬‭island‬‭reportedly‬‭saw‬‭just‬‭45‬‭overseas‬
‭tourists.‬

‭ r.‬‭Kriss‬‭believes‬‭that‬‭foreign‬‭travelers‬‭are‬‭reluctant‬‭to‬‭visit‬‭more‬‭remote‬‭destinations‬‭like‬‭Bali‬
M
‭due‬ ‭to‬ ‭a‬ ‭perfect‬ ‭storm‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭war‬ ‭in‬ ‭Ukraine,‬‭high‬‭inflation‬‭around‬‭the‬‭world,‬‭and‬‭lingering‬
‭concerns‬ ‭about‬ ‭Covid-19.‬ ‭Dozens‬ ‭of‬ ‭tourism‬ ‭businesses,‬ ‭from‬ ‭shops,‬ ‭to‬ ‭bars,‬ ‭restaurants,‬
‭nightclubs,‬ ‭and‬ ‭villas‬ ‭sit‬ ‭empty‬ ‭or‬ ‭abandoned,‬ ‭with‬ ‭some‬ ‭even‬ ‭reclaimed‬ ‭by‬ ‭the‬ ‭island's‬
‭pervasive‬ ‭and‬ ‭all-consuming‬ ‭jungle‬ ‭vegetation.‬ ‭And‬ ‭the‬ ‭streets‬ ‭once‬ ‭crowded‬ ‭with‬
‭Australian, Asian and European tourists are now still eerily quiet.‬

‭ any‬ ‭shops,‬ ‭bars‬ ‭and‬ ‭restaurants‬ ‭remain‬ ‭shut‬ ‭in‬ ‭tourist‬ ‭areas‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭island.‬ ‭Most‬ ‭of‬‭these‬
M
‭businesses‬ ‭are‬ ‭gone‬ ‭for‬ ‭good.‬ ‭Made‬‭Suryani‬‭reopened‬‭her‬‭small‬‭souvenir‬‭store‬‭close‬‭to‬‭the‬
‭Club‬ ‭Med‬ ‭Beach‬ ‭resort‬ ‭near‬ ‭Nusa‬ ‭Dua‬ ‭in‬ ‭April,‬ ‭even‬ ‭though‬ ‭most‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭other‬ ‭retail‬‭units‬
‭beside‬ ‭her‬ ‭remain‬ ‭shuttered.‬ ‭Before‬ ‭Covid,‬ ‭in‬ ‭a‬ ‭good‬‭month,‬‭she‬‭could‬‭earn‬‭more‬‭than‬‭two‬
‭million‬ ‭rupiah‬ ‭a‬ ‭month.‬ ‭That‬ ‭was‬ ‭slightly‬ ‭below‬ ‭the‬ ‭minimum‬ ‭wage‬ ‭for‬ ‭employees‬ ‭in‬‭Bali.‬
‭Now‬‭sometimes‬‭She‬‭make‬‭50,000‬‭rupiah‬‭in‬‭a‬‭week.‬‭She‬‭borrowed‬‭money‬‭from‬‭her‬‭family‬‭to‬
‭survive.‬ ‭However,‬ ‭Made‬ ‭Suryani‬ ‭remains‬ ‭cheerful‬ ‭despite‬ ‭her‬ ‭woes‬ ‭since‬ ‭the‬ ‭start‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬
‭pandemic.‬

J‭ ulia‬ ‭Lo‬ ‭Bue-Said‬ ‭is‬ ‭chief‬ ‭executive‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭Advantage‬ ‭Travel‬ ‭Partnership,‬ ‭an‬ ‭organization‬
‭representing‬‭the‬‭UK's‬‭independent‬‭travel‬‭agencies.‬‭He‬‭believes‬‭that‬‭despite‬‭the‬‭cost‬‭of‬‭living‬
‭crisis,‬‭people‬‭are‬‭still‬‭eager‬‭to‬‭explore,‬‭travel‬‭and‬‭have‬‭something‬‭to‬‭look‬‭forward‬‭to,‬‭keeping‬
‭long lasting memories.‬

‭Baimbridge, R. (2022). Paradise reopened - Bali hopes for tourists to return. Taken on September 23, 2022 from‬
‭https://www.bbc.com/news/business-61992300.‬

‭What is NOT TRUE about the condition of Bali's tourism areas due to the pandemic?‬
‭A.‬ ‭All shops, bars, and restaurants are permanently closed.‬
‭B.‬ ‭Many businesses, including stores, bars, and restaurants, have been shuttered.‬
‭C.‬ ‭Certain sellers are still cheerful and enthusiastic to sell their products.‬
‭D.‬ ‭Sellers' income has drastically decreased.‬
‭E.‬ ‭Certain individuals are in debt in order to survive.‬
‭5.‬ ‭T he text below is for the following question.‬

‭Text - 7‬

‭ espite‬ ‭the‬ ‭fact‬ ‭that‬ ‭parrots‬ ‭are‬ ‭well‬ ‭known‬ ‭for‬ ‭their‬ ‭long‬ ‭lives‬ ‭and‬ ‭complex‬ ‭cognition,‬ ‭it‬
D
‭remains‬‭unknown‬‭whether‬‭the‬‭two‬‭traits‬‭have‬‭influenced‬‭each‬‭other.‬‭"The‬‭problem‬‭has‬‭been‬
‭sourcing‬ ‭good‬ ‭quality‬ ‭data,"‬ ‭says‬ ‭Simeon‬ ‭Smeele,‬ ‭a‬ ‭doctoral‬ ‭student‬ ‭at‬ ‭the‬ ‭Max‬ ‭Planck‬
‭Institute‬‭of‬‭Animal‬‭Behavior‬‭(MPI-AB).‬‭Understanding‬‭what‬‭has‬‭driven‬‭parrot‬‭longevity‬‭is‬‭only‬
‭possible‬ ‭by‬ ‭comparing‬ ‭living‬ ‭parrots.‬ ‭"Comparative‬ ‭life-history‬ ‭studies‬‭require‬‭large‬‭sample‬
‭sizes‬‭to‬‭provide‬‭certainty,‬‭because‬‭many‬‭processes‬‭are‬‭a‬‭play‬‭at‬‭once‬‭and‬‭this‬‭creates‬‭a‬‭lot‬‭of‬
‭variation," says Smeele.‬

‭ o‬ ‭generate‬ ‭an‬‭adequate‬‭sample‬‭size,‬‭scientists‬‭compiled‬‭data‬‭from‬‭over‬‭130,000‬‭individual‬
T
‭parrots.‬‭This‬‭database‬‭allowed‬‭the‬‭team‬‭to‬‭gain‬‭the‬‭first‬‭reliable‬‭estimates‬‭of‬‭average‬‭lifespan‬
‭of‬ ‭217‬ ‭parrot‬ ‭species.‬ ‭The‬ ‭analysis‬ ‭revealed‬ ‭a‬ ‭diversity‬ ‭in‬ ‭life‬ ‭expectancy,‬ ‭ranging‬ ‭from‬‭an‬
‭average of two years for the fig parrot up to an average of 30 years for the scarlet macaw.‬

‭ ext,‬ ‭the‬ ‭team‬ ‭employed‬ ‭a‬ ‭large-scale‬ ‭comparative‬ ‭analysis‬ ‭to‬ ‭determine‬ ‭whether‬ ‭or‬ ‭not‬
N
‭parrots'‬‭renowned‬‭cognitive‬‭abilities‬‭had‬‭any‬‭influence‬‭on‬‭their‬‭longevity.‬‭They‬‭examined‬‭two‬
‭hypotheses:‬ ‭First,‬ ‭that‬ ‭having‬ ‭relatively‬ ‭larger‬ ‭brains‬ ‭enable‬ ‭longer‬ ‭lifespans.‬ ‭Second,‬ ‭that‬
‭relatively larger brains take longer to grow, and therefore require longer lifespans.‬

‭ hese‬ ‭scientists‬ ‭then‬ ‭combined‬ ‭the‬ ‭data‬ ‭and‬ ‭ran‬ ‭models‬ ‭for‬ ‭each‬ ‭hypothesis.‬‭Their‬‭results‬
T
‭provide‬‭the‬‭first‬‭support‬‭that‬‭increased‬‭brain‬‭size‬‭has‬‭enabled‬‭longer‬‭lifespans‬‭in‬‭parrots.‬‭The‬
‭findings‬ ‭suggest‬ ‭that‬ ‭the‬ ‭parrots‬ ‭with‬ ‭relatively‬ ‭large‬ ‭brains‬ ‭had‬ ‭cognitive‬‭capabilities‬‭that‬
‭allowed‬ ‭them‬ ‭to‬ ‭solve‬ ‭problems‬ ‭in‬ ‭the‬ ‭wild‬ ‭that‬ ‭could‬ ‭otherwise‬ ‭kill‬ ‭them,‬ ‭and‬ ‭this‬
‭intelligence enabled them to live longer lives.‬

‭Max-Planck-Gesellschaft. (2022). Unravelling the mystery of parrot longevity: Bigger brains have led some species of‬
‭parrot to live surprisingly long lives, new research shows. Taken on April 14, 2022 from‬
‭www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/03/220329152826.htm..‬

‭Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?‬

‭A.‬ ‭Parrots are compared in order to determine why they live so long.‬
‭B.‬ ‭Parrots have a wide range of life expectancy.‬
‭C.‬ ‭Researchers came up with theories about parrots' brains and their longevity.‬
‭D.‬ ‭Large-brained parrots may have longer life spans.‬
‭E.‬ ‭Hundreds of thousands of parrots with different brain sizes are collected by scientists.‬