LIVE IN LAB – II END SEMESTER EXAMINATION

DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF AUTOMATIC

WASTE SORTING AND RECYCLING SYSTEM

PROJECT ID: SEC26METE401A05

SUBJECT CODE: 20METE401 SUBJECT NAME: LIVE IN LAB II

PROGRAM GUIDE : MR. V. RANJITH KUMAR PROJECT COORDINATOR: DR. N. VASUDEVAN

TEAM MEMBERS:

1. NIVASH A (412522114064)
2. PRIYADARSHAN PV (412522114069)
3. SANGEETH V (412522114076)
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF AUTOMATIC
WASTE SORTING AND RECYCLING SYSTEM
 JUSTIFICATION FOR SDG & SAP No.
➢ Goal 13: CLIMATE ACTION
➢ Objective : Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impact .
➢ Project relation: Implement the un framework convention on climate action.
➢ SAP number : SAP130A02
 JUSTIFICATION FOR SDG & SAP No.
➢ Goal 12: RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION
➢ Objective : Reducing the manpower and increasing the productivity by automation.
➢ Project relation: Promoting efficient resource use and reducing waste generation,
contributing to sustainable consumption and production patterns.
➢ SAP number : SAP120501

➢ Goal 11: SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES

➢ Objective : Make cities inclusive, safe resilient and sustainable.
➢ Project relation: Reduce the environmental impact of cities.
➢ SAP number : SAP110601
 PROBLEM STATEMENT
• In light of escalating global waste production and the pressing need for sustainable
waste management solutions, there is an urgent demand for an Automated Waste
Sorting and Recycling System.

• The current manual sorting processes are inefficient, prone to errors, and fail to achieve
optimal recycling rates. The challenge is to design and implement an automated system
capable of accurately and efficiently sorting various waste materials, such as plastics,
metals, glass, and organic waste, into their respective categories.

• This system must ensure minimal cross-contamination, handle diverse waste

compositions, and operate at a speed and scale that aligns with the demands of modern
waste management facilities.

• The ultimate goal is to enhance recycling efficiency, reduce landfill waste, and promote a
circular economy while adhering to safety standards and environmental considerations.
 CORE OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
• The objective for an automatic waste sorting and recycling system lies in the growing
volume of mixed waste generated by modern societies, leading to increased
environmental concerns, inefficient manual sorting processes, and the need for
sustainable solutions to manage and recycle diverse waste streams effectively.

• Additionally, the rapid urbanization and population growth contribute to a surge in waste
generation, straining traditional waste management methods. Manual sorting is labor-
intensive, prone to errors, and often fails to meet recycling targets.

• The demand for automated waste sorting systems arises from the necessity to optimize
resource recovery, minimize environmental impact, and create a more sustainable
approach to waste management in the face of escalating global waste challenges.
 LITERATURE REVIEW
Year of
Title of the Journal
S.No. Authors Publicati Problem Defined Drawback
Article
on
Sathish A crucial prerequisite for recycling misidentification or
Automated sorting of source-
Paulraj; Atul forming an integral part of municipal contamination,
separated municipal solid
1 Thakur 2017 solid waste (MSW) management is leading to lower-
waste for recycling
sorting of useful materials from quality recycled
source-separated MSW. materials.
The initial
Theoretical bases of management of
Development of automated investment
the waste sorting conveyor have
control system for waste T G Sereda; S required for
2 2019 been developed taking into account
sorting N Kostarev research,
failures such as uneven loading and
development, and
uneven sorting of waste.
implementation.
 LITERATURE REVIEW
Year of
Title of the Journal
S.No. Authors Publicati Problem Defined Drawback
Article
on
The authors proposed a sustainable
prohibitive for small
Ahsan Kabir solution to remedy this using an
A Microcontroller based and medium
Nuhel; Arduino-driven device that would be
3 Automated Waste Recycling 2023 enterprises (SMEs)
Priyadarshini able to properly sort waste and
Management System for SMEs with limited
Hriddhi Roy. garbage by using the sensor that we
budgets
incorporated into our device
The fabrics waste is collected as
V. G.
bundle and moved further to
Design And Fabrication Of Pratheep; N. Maintenance and
recycling process or sometimes ends
4 Waste Fabric Segregation Prithivi 2023 operational
up as landfill. The bundle consist of
System Rajan; M. K. challenges
various materials, colors and
Suganesh
patterns of textile fabrics
EXISTING SYSTEM DESIGN
 DESIGN OF THE PROPOSED SOLUTION
• A proposed solution for an automatic waste sorting and recycling system could include:
Designing a portable input system , sensing technology , sorting mechanism,
storage units ,data processing and analysis, recycling and disposal process

• Design the system to be scaleable to accommodate varying volumes of wastes and adaptable
to handle different types of waste materials as recycling technologies evolve.

• The overall goal is to create a system that efficiently sorts and recycles waste, reduces the amount
of waste sent to landfills, and promotes sustainable waste management practices.
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
 BUSINESS MODEL CANVAS
• Customer Segments: Municipalities, Waste Management Companies, Recycling Facilities,
Industrial and Commercial Entities
• Channels: Direct Sales to Municipalities and Waste Management Companies, Partnerships with
Environmental Agencies, Online Marketing and Outreach, Collaborations with Technology
Distributors
• Customer Relationships: Long-Term Partnerships with Municipalities and Waste Management
Companies, Continuous Support and Maintenance Services, Training Programs for Efficient System
Utilization, Regular Updates on Technological Advancements
• Key Resources: Advanced Sensor Technologies, Robotics and Automation Equipment, Data
Analytics and Artificial Intelligence Software, Skilled Technicians and Support Staff, Research and
Development Team
 BUSINESS MODEL CANVAS
• Key Activities: System Development and Manufacturing, Installation and Integration Services,
Continuous Research and Technological Upgrades, Collaboration with Recycling Facilities for
Process Optimization
• Key Partnerships: Municipalities and Government Bodies, Waste Management Companies
Recycling Facilities, Environmental Regulatory Agencies, Technology Providers and Researchers
• Cost Structure: Research and Development Costs, Manufacturing and Production Expenses ,
Installation and Integration Costs ,Maintenance and Support Services, Marketing and Sales Cost
 PROPOSED BUDJET
s.no Components cost
1. MOTORS 3000
2. ARDUINO UNO 1500
3. CONVEYOR BELT 1500
4. INDUCTIVE SENSOR 750
5. CAPACTIVE SENSOR 800
6. STEP DOWN CONVERTER 2000
7. SHAFT FOR MOTORS 1500
8. BATTERY SYSTEM 2000
9. OTHERS 2500
TOTAL 15550
 FUTURE ENHANCEMENT
• One potential enhancement could be implementing advanced AI algorithms to improve sorting
accuracy and efficiency. Additionally, integrating robotics for physical sorting tasks could further
streamline the process and reduce manual labor. Advanced AI algorithms could include machine
learning models trained on vast datasets to recognize and categorize different types of waste more
accurately. This could involve deep learning techniques such as convolutional neural networks
(CNNs) for image recognition or natural language processing (NLP) for text-based categorization.
These algorithms could continually learn and improve over time, leading to more precise sorting
results. Implementing robotics in the waste sorting and recycling system can automate manual
sorting tasks, improving efficiency and reducing labor costs. Robotic arms equipped with sensors
and cameras can identify and pick up different types of waste with precision, sorting them into
appropriate bins or containers. Collaborative robots (cobots) can work alongside human operators,
enhancing overall productivity and safety in the recycling facility. Additionally, autonomous mobile
robots can transport sorted materials to their designated processing areas, further
optimizing the workflow.
 OPPORTUNITY
• Environmental Impact: Reduce landfill usage, conserve resources, and minimize pollution through
accurate waste sorting and recycling.
• Resource Conservation: Efficiently recover and recycle materials to promote a circular economy
and conserve valuable resources.
• Efficiency Improvement: Streamline waste processing operations, reduce manual labor, and
improve overall system performance.
• Technological Innovation: Leverage advanced technologies such as sensors and robotics to
innovate in waste management solutions.
• Economic Benefits: Optimize resource utilization, lower operational costs, and increase revenue
from recycled materials
• Community Engagement: Raise awareness about waste reduction and recycling, fostering
environmental responsibility and community participation.
 SUSTAINABLE
• Resource Conservation: By efficiently sorting and recycling waste materials, the project conserves
valuable resources and reduces the need for virgin raw materials extraction.
• Waste Reduction: By diverting recyclable materials from landfills, the project helps reduce the
volume of waste sent for disposal, minimizing environmental pollution and habitat degradation.
• Energy Savings: Recycling materials typically requires less energy than producing new materials
from scratch. By promoting recycling, the project contributes to energy savings and reduces carbon
emissions.
• Circular Economy: The project promotes a circular economy by reintroducing recycled materials
into the production cycle, reducing dependency on finite resources and minimizing waste
generation.
• Innovation and Adaptability: The project leverages innovative technologies and adaptable design
principles to address evolving waste management challenges and contribute to continuous
improvement in sustainability practices.
 INFORMATION
• Technology Utilized: Motors, Arduino Uno, Conveyor Belt, Inductive Sensor, Capacitive Sensor,
Step-Down Converter, Shaft for Motors, Battery System.
• Key Features: Automated waste sorting and recycling process. Accurate detection and sorting of
different waste materials. Reduced manual intervention and labor costs. Improved recycling rates
and environmental sustainability.
• Current Stage: Design and component procurement phase. Initial testing and integration of key
components. Prototype development and optimization in progress.
• Future Plans: Complete fabrication and assembly of the system. Conduct extensive testing and
performance evaluation. Refine algorithms and optimize system efficiency. Explore potential
scalability and deployment options.
 TECHNOLOGY
• Motors: Drive conveyor belts for waste transportation and sorting.
• Arduino Uno: Controls and coordinates system components, such as sensors and motors.
• Conveyor Belt: Moves waste materials through the sorting system automatically.
• Inductive Sensor: Detects metallic objects for sorting ferrous materials.
• Capacitive Sensor: Identifies non-metallic objects for accurate sorting.
• Step-Down Converter: Adapts power from the battery system for efficient operation.
• Shaft for Motors: Connects motors to conveyor belts for controlled movement.
• Battery System: Powers the entire system for mobility and flexibility.
 INTELLECTUAL
• Innovative Design: Creatively designing an automatic waste sorting and recycling system
showcases intellectual ingenuity in waste management technology.
• Problem-Solving: Addressing challenges in waste sorting processes demonstrates intellectual
rigor and optimization skills.
• Interdisciplinary Approach: Integrating knowledge from engineering, robotics, environmental
science, and computer science showcases intellectual versatility and adaptability.
• Research and Development: Conducting research into advanced technologies like sensors and
machine learning demonstrates intellectual curiosity and exploration.
• Prototyping and Testing: Developing and testing prototypes requires intellectual rigor in
experimental design and iterative improvement.
• Continuous Learning: Staying updated on advancements in waste management technology
demonstrates intellectual humility and a commitment to ongoing learning.
 VIABILITY
• Market Demand: There is a growing demand for sustainable waste management solutions globally,
making the project relevant and marketable.
• Cost-Effectiveness: The project aims to optimize waste management processes, potentially
reducing operational costs and increasing efficiency over time.
• Scalability: The design and fabrication of an automatic waste sorting and recycling system can be
scalable to various settings, allowing for broader implementation and impact.
• Technology Readiness: With advancements in sensor technology, robotics, and automation, the
project is technologically feasible and can leverage existing innovations.
• Regulatory Compliance: The project aligns with waste management regulations and sustainability
goals, ensuring compliance and support from regulatory bodies.
• Partnerships and Collaboration: Collaboration with stakeholders such as municipalities, waste
management companies, and recycling facilities can enhance project viability by fostering support
and investment.
 ETHICS
• Environmental Responsibility: Promote responsible stewardship of the environment through
sustainable waste management practices.
• Social Equity: Ensure equitable access to waste sorting and recycling solutions, contributing to
social fairness and justice.
• Health and Safety: Prioritize worker and community safety by minimizing exposure to hazardous
materials.
• Transparency and Accountability: Maintain transparency in project development and
communicate environmental impact and performance openly.
• Respect for Human Rights: Consider potential social and economic impacts on affected
communities, respecting their rights and livelihoods.
• Ethical Use of Technology: Design and implement technology ethically, avoiding bias,
discrimination, and unintended consequences.
 REFERENCE
1. Ayanshola, A. M., Aremu, A. S., Jacob, S. O., Bilewu, S. O. and Salami, A. W. “Evaluation of Municipal Solid
Waste Management System and Willingness-to-Pay for Its Improvements in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria”,
Nigerian Journal of Technology (NIJOTECH), 34(4), 2015, pp. 868 – 874.
2. Ubachukwu, O. A., Okafor, F. O., Nwokoukwu, K. B., Esochaghi, K. P. “Performance of Sand-Crushed Oyster
Shells Blended Fine Aggregates in Concrete: Waste Management Perspective in Nigeria”, Nigerian Journal of
Technology, 40(1), 2021, pp. 13–18.
3. Guitta, S. and Jihad, R. “Sorting and Miniaturization of Household Waste”, European Journal of Scientific
Research, 153(3), 2019, pp. 283-298.
4. Katsuhiko Ogata, “Modern control engineering”, 4th Edition ,Pearson Educationa Pte, Ltd.
5. Josep E. Shigley and Charles R.Mischke (2008), Mechanical Engineering Design (In SI Units), Eighth Edition,
Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi.
6. Md.Imran Hasan Pathan and Dr.Md.Tazul,”Light Sensitive Switch for Street Lamp Using LDR and Relay”,
Under Graduate Project Report, Department Of Mechanical Engineering, Cuet, 2009.
7. Mihai Pruna, Pavel Khazron, Jennifer S. Haghpanah,” The Smart Trash Cans” Term Project Report,
Polytechnic Institute of New York University, 2009.
“We must be the change that we wish to see in the world”

- Mahatma Gandhi

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