As a process, the use of noncoercive

influence to shape the group’s or

organization’s goals, motivate behavior
toward the achievement of those goals, and
help define group or organizational culture
The meaning of Leadership

As a property, the set of characteristics

attributed to individuals who are perceived
to be leaders

Distinctions between Management and

The Nature of Leadership Leadership

Legitimate power - authority

Power: The ability to affect the behavior of

Reward power
others

Coercive power
Leadership and Power

Referent power
Power: The ability to affect the behavior of
others
Expert power

Leadership Traits

Generic Approaches to Job-centered leader behavior

Michigan Studies (Rensis Likert)
Leadership (universal Employee-centered leader behavior
perspective)
Initiating-structure behavior
Leadership Behaviors Ohio State Studies
Consideration behavior

Concern for production

Managerial Grid
Concern for people

Leader-member relations

Least preferred coworker Theory (LPC

Task structure
Theory)

Position power

Directive

Supportive
Path-Goal Theory Leader behavior
Participative
The Nature of Situational Approaches to
Achievement-oriented
Leadership
Leadership Decision significance

Decision timeliness

Decide

Consult (individually)

Vroom’s Decision Tree Approach

Decision-making styles Consult (group)

Facilitate

Delegate

out-group
The Leader-member exchange Approach
in-group

Substitutes for leadership

Related Approaches to
Charismatic Leadership
Leadership
Transformational Leadership

Strategic Leadership
Emerging Approaches to
Cross-Cultural Leadership
Leadership
Ethical Leadership

Inducement

Common Political Behaviors Persuasion

Political Behavior in Coercion

Organizations Impression management

Managing Political Behavior