GROUP 5

REGULATION OF
ESTROGEN AND
PROGESTERONE IN
THE MENSTURAL
CYCLE
SUBMITTED TO: MS. RAMIREZ
 MENSTRUAL CYCLE
The menstrual cycle is a term to
describe the sequence of events
that occur in your body as it
prepares for the possibility of
pregnancy each month.Every
person’s cycle is slightly different,
but the process is the same.
HOW LONG IS A NORMAL
MENSTRUAL CYCLE?
The average length of a
menstrual cycle is 28 days.
However, a cycle can range in
length from 21 days to about 35
days and still be normal.
 REGULATION OF ESTROGEN
AND PROGESTERONE IN
MENTRUAL CYCLE
At the start of the menstrual cycle,
the follicles start to produce estrogen.
The estrogen stimulates the
hypothalamus to produce GnRH
(gonadotrophin- releasing hormone)
to enable the anterior pituitary to
release FSH (follicie stimulating
hormone) and LH (luteinizing
hormone).
The FSH stimulates the growth of the
follicle. When the follicle matures,
more estrogen (specifically estradiol)
is release. The anterior pituitary
detects the high level of estrogen
thus, inhibits the FSH and starts
making more LH. The shift of LH causes
the ovary to release an egg cell. When
the egg cell is released after ovulation,
the follicle turns into corpus luteum,
thus the start of the luteal phase.
The corpus luteum releases progesterone
during the luteal phase. The progesterone
makes the endometrium in uterus to
thicken and prepares it for upcoming
pregnancy. If fertilization occurs,
progesterone from the corpus luteum
supports the early pregnancy, which
usually occurs between 7 and 9 weeks of
pregnancy. If no fertilization occurs, the
corpus luteum will start to break down. This
results in a decrease in estrogen and
progesterone levels, which causes the
uterine wall to shed, an event known as
menstruation.
 ROLE OF HORMONES IN
MENSTRUAL CYCLE
The chemical messengers in our
body called hormones, released by
various endocrine glands are
responsible for many changes in a
human body. Menstruation is a slave
to certain hormones. Every phase of
the menstrual cycle is influenced by
a female hormones.
 ROLE OF HORMONES IN
MENSTRUAL CYCLE
Every phase of the menstrual
cycle is influenced by a female
hormones namely estrogen,
progesterone, FSH and LH. The
variation in the level of each of
these hormones decides the
phase which a girl undergoes.
THE LEVELS OF THE HORMONES IN
EVERY PHASE OF MENSTRUAL CYCLE
AND THE EFFECTS OF THE HORMONES
IN THE FOLLICLE AND THE
ENDOMETRIUM
REFERENCES:
HTTPS://BYJUS.COM/BIOLOGY/MENSTRUAL-CYCLE/?
FBCLID=IWAR3MC_6SPKHRTOD4VZAEAQQ9AXZTJGC8V406SLEGTEN-
UAOEVI7AZOJFU3E
HTTPS://MY.CLEVELANDCLINIC.ORG/HEALTH/ARTICLES/10132-MENSTRUAL-
CYCLE?
FBCLID=IWAR34UWLZHEEIIOWF4ITGJUELW_IILGFZ6WFRRJ7CQ8CHMJ8SER2M
6J83HYS
THANK YOU
VERY MUCH!