1, INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGRAUND
Because of the varieties, different shapes, different packaging of
the goods, loading and unloading has always been a heavy process
during transportation. Forklifts were naturally invented and became the
solutionto this problem; they save time and space. If cargos are being
organized properly, the use of forklifts with the right attachments would
be the best way to load and unload, which would make the whole
process less time consuming and less labor intensive. In addition,
forklifts optimize the use of storage space by eliminating the need for
many people to handle the loading and unloading operations and
enabling the stack-up of goods. The stacking height of goods can be up
to 4~5m, some even can be as high as 10m, which brings up the
utilization of warehouse by least 40%. Now, most of the
transportation operations are using forklifts. Forklifts fall under the
category of lifting and transport machinery. A forklift has a lifting
system for loading packages and a mobile system for moving around,
like a truck. A forklift is also called a forklift truck. It is mainly used
for loading and unloading common packaged goods. With some
special attachments, it can also be used for non-packaged goods or
untraditional shaped good. A forklift truck is a powered industrial
truck used to lift and transport materials. The earliest forklift truck
was invented between 1914 and 1915 and put on the market since
1930s. After that, the increasing need of transporting military
material during the World War II spurred the development of the
Forklifts [1]. Following the war, more efficient methods for storing
products in warehouses were being implemented. Warehouses needed
more maneuverable forklift trucks that could reach greater heights.
More new forklift models were made that filled this need. Since then,
forklift trucks have become indispensable equipment in
manufacturing and warehousing operations. In 2011, the size of
the forklift manufacturing industry was nearly $27 billion [2].

1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

The problem that we are observed in MIE is, the goods that are having
less and large weight are transported from one shop to other shop by
forklift car. This is having high cost, such as cost of space , cost of fuel
etc .This problem is initiated as to design hand operated fork lift that is
use full for lowering or rising of less weight materials and transporting
of less weight goods from one place to other place.

1.3 OBJECTIVE
1.3.1 GENERAL OBJECTIVE
The main objective is to design hand operated forklift for lowering or
rising of less weight and for transport.

1.3.2 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE

 To design wheal.
 To design wire rope.
 To design plough plow.
 To design vertical support beam.

1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

 The periphery of design and analysis of hand operated forklift is
started from data gathering, formulating problem statement ,material
selection ,analyzing of cost ,and others up to formulating of modeling
using AUTOCAD software.

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This project has a great significance for MIE company and for the
workers of company. For company it helps to increase profit by
avoiding the consumption of fuel by the forklift because our design is
operated by manually. It reduces time consumption. For the workers
also have a great advantage because it does not need a profusion labor
to operate it, Since it is operated by manual. All peoples who works at
the company can operate it easily. This project also has advantage for
us because it helps us to know how we can solve a problem in a
company.

2 LITERATURE REVIEW
3 METHODOLOGY (MATERIALS AND METHODS)
3.1 METHEDOLOGY
To achieve the objective of the study the following methodologies are
used:

 Fully Observing the existing situation

 Distributing of questionnaires among employees and
concerning body
 Reading books, the company’s present and past manuals.
 Design the parts Using software design
  Specify which material will be appropriate for the designing
of hand operated forklift.


3.2 MATERIALS
Selection of a proper material for the machine component is one of the
most important steps in the process of machine design the factor which
should be considered while selecting the material for a machine
component is as follows:

 Availability of the material _the material should be readily

available in the market, in large enough quantity to meet the
requirement.
 Cost of the material _ for every application there is alimenting
cost beyond which the designer cannot go.
 Mechanical property _ mechanical properties are the most
important technical factor governing the selection of materials.
They include strength, elasticity, plasticity, stiffness, resilience,
toughness, ductility, malleability, brittles and hardness.
 Environmental properties, corrosion resistance, toxic effects.
 Factor of safety, etc.