from NCERT Lab Manual

Questions
platinum wire for performingthe flametest. Explain
your answer.
Q. 1. Can we use glass rod instead of This is
lead pencil to perform
flame test. because
glass (or graphite
Ans. Yes. We can even use lead' of a not react with conc. HClused in the flame test
does
present in 'lead' of lead pencil) which isformed at the
junction of two
Q. 2. What is the composition of dark brown ring, layers
in the ring
test for nitrates.
Ans. The dark brown ring consists of
[Fe( NO)] SO4
Nitrosoferrous sulphate
starch solution ?
Q. 3. Why does iodine give a blue colour with
Ans. Due to formation of blue coloured starch - I, complex.
Q. 4. What is Nessler's reagent.
Ans. Nessler's reagent is an aqueous solution of KalHgla.
Q.5. Why is original solution not prepared in conc. HNO, or H,SO,?
Ans. Nitric acid, if present, in original solution can oxidise the H,S in group Il to colloidal sulphur.
Sulphuric acid, if used for making original solution, will lead to the formation of insoluble salts of
Pb2+. Ca2+ Ba?t.s2+
a. 6. What is aquaregia ?
Ans. Amixture of 1 part conc. HNO, and 3 parts conc. HCI.
Q.7. Name a cation,which is not obtained froma metal ?
Ans. Ammonium, NH.
Q. 8.
Why are theGroup-V radicals tested in order Ba, s t and Cat?
Ans. Because the confirmatory test given by Ca" ions (white ppt. with amm. Oxalate) is also given byBa?
and S ions. Similarty confimatory test given by Sr ions (white ppt. with amm. sulphate) is also gjven
by Ba ions. As such the three cations in group V has to be tested in proper order i.e., Ba
,1ooe
s and then Ca. This group is also called'BSC group. It helps in learning the correct sequence of
these three catiorns.
Q.9. Can we use ammonium sulphate instead of ammonlumchloride in
Group-ll?
Ans. No. Ammonium sulphate will precipitate out group-V radicals
o. 10. Why should the solution be (Ba,sr and Ca*) in group-ll.
concentrated before proceeding to Group-V ?
Ans. In dilute solution, (NH2C03 9group reagent for
group-V, hydrolyse to give carbonic acid, whichis a
weak electrolyte. Its ionisation does not produce sufficient Co ions to d Ca
as carbonates.
precipitate Ba,Sr and
 Questions from NCERT Lab Manual
Q.1. What specific name is given to the permanganate titrations ?
Ans. Redox titrations.
Q. 2. Why is a burette with pinch-cock regulator not used for the permanganate titrations ?
Ans. Potassium permanganate is a strongoxidising agent and as such can attack rubber tubing in the pinch
cock regulator.
Why is sulphuric acid added while preparing a standard solution of ferrous ammoniur
Ans. To prevent salt hydrolysis and thus making solution clear or transparent.
Q. 4. How will youprepare 100 mL of 0-1 Mstandard solution of ferrous ammonium sulphate ?
Ans. Mole of solute
Molarity = Vol. of solution (L)

Moles of solute = Molarity x Vol. of solution (L)

= 0.1mol L x 0.1 L = 0-01 mol
Molar mass
Mass of ferrous amm. sulphate = Moles of solute x
= 0-01 mol x 392 gmol =3-92 g
of0.1 M standard solution of ferrous ammonium sulphate can be prepared by dissolving
Thus 100 mL some drops of dil. H2SO4
g of the pure salt in sufficient water to make 100 mL of solution : Add
3-92
mark in measuring flask.
before makingup the volume to the
as a primary standard ?
Q. 5. Why is KMnO4 not regarded state, free from traces of MnO2. Further a
solution of KMnO4 in
obtain it in pure
Ans. Because it is difficult to
molarity decreases with time.
water is not very stable. Its
name redox titrations ? Name some other redox titrations.
are given the titrations are
Q. 6. What type of titrations are called redox titrations. Another type of redox
redox reactions
Ans. Titrations which involve K2Cr207 is used as an oxidising agent.
dichromate titrations in which

DINESH Practical Chemistry XII

 Questions from NCERT Lab Manual
Q.1. Why do alkenes and alkynes decolourise bromine water and akaline KMnO4 ?
Ans. Because alkenes and alkynes are unsaturated compounds with alkenes having carbon-carbon doubi
bonds and alkynes having carbon--carbon triple bonds.
Q.2. Explain why for the confirmation of unsaturation in a compound both the tests namely test with
bromine water and test with Bayers reagent should be performed ?
Ans.Certain compounds like aniline, phenol etc. which otherwise behave as saturated compounds, also
decolourise bromine water. This is because these compounds undergo bromination under the reaction
conditions. On the other hand, easily oxidisable compounds like aldehydes, which otherwise behave as
saturated compounds, also decolourise Bayers reagent. This is because aldehydes are easily oxidised to
theircorresponding carboxylic acids thus decolourising alkaline KMnO4 solution [Bayers reagent).
Thus both the tests for unsaturation should be performed to confirm its presence in the given organic
compound.
Q.s. Why does phenol decolourise bromine water ?
Ans. Because phenol undergoes electrophilic substitution reaction with bromine water,as follows:
OH OH
Br Br
+3 Br, (aq) +3HBr
Phenol
Br
2, 4, 6-Tribromophenol
As bromine is used up in the reaction, the reddish orange colour of bromine water disappears.
Q4. How will you distinguish between phenol and benzoic acid ?
Ans. Oniy benzoic acid gives effervescence with sodium hydrogencarbonate solution.
Q.5. Why does benzene not decolourise bromine water although it is highly unsaturated ?
Ans. Due to resonance, benzene with three carbon-carbon double bonds behaves as a saturated
cornpounds.
Q.6. Why does formic acid give a positive test with Tollen'sreagent ?
Ans. Because formic acid is easily oxidised to carbon dioxide and water.
HOOOH +
’CO, + H,0
Formic acid (From Tollen's reagent)
Q.7.Outine the principle of testing glucose in a sample of urine in a pathological
Ans. Presence of giucose in a sample of urine is tested either with Fehling's solution or laboratory ?
with Benedict's reage
Both these reagents contain Cu* ion complexed either with tartarate ions (Fehling's solution) or
ions (Benedict's reagent). When any of these reagent is warmed wth urine in ciraie
which some giucose
present, Cuf ions are reduced to brick red coloured Cu20. This is due to the presence
in giucose, whicth is oxidised to COOH group during the reaction. of-CHO grouy
Formation of brick red coloured pp
indicales the
presence of giucose in the urine sample.
Q.8. Why is Benedicts reagent more stable than Fehiing's
reagent ?
Ans. Because Cu -citrate complex present in
Benedicts reagent is more stable than Cu* - tarl
complex present in Fehing's reagent.
Q.9. How would youseparate a mixture of phenol and benzoic
method of separation ?
acid in the laboratory by using cheni
Ans. Shake the mixture with an aqueous solution of sodium
dissolve. t is due to the formation oft its sodium salt. hydrogencarbonate when only benzoic ac
X
DINESN Practical Chemistry
 CeH;000H+ NaHCO,-CgH,COONa + CO, + H,0
Use aseparating funnel to separate phenol and sodium benzoate solution. Add any acid (say diltice) to
agueous layer, when benzoic acid precipitates out.
CgHsC00Na( aq) + HCI (aq) CgH;COOH(s) + Na Cl (aq)
10. How can youdistinguish between hexylamine (CeH13NH2) and aniline
Ans. By azo dye test. Only aniline - an aromatic 1' amine will give positive azo dye test after diazotisation and
coupling with alkaline B-naphthol.
youdistinguish between ethylamine and diethylamine ?
Ans. By carbylamine test. Only 1' amines like ethylamine give this test. Diethylamine (a 2' amine) will not give
this test.
Howcan CHsOH and CzHs0H be distinguished chemically ?
Ans. By iodoform test. Only CH3CH20H willgive positive iodoform test (yellow ppt. with l2+ NaOH). It is due
OH

to the presence of CH3-CH- group in CHCH20H.

Q.13. Why is solutionof iodine prepared in potassium iodide (aq) and not in pure water ?
ion.
Ans. Solid iodine is more soluble in Kl(ag) than in pure water. It is due to the formation of l3
KI (ag) + b (s)K*; (aq)

by simple chemical
Q.14. How can youdistinguish the compounds CH3- C- C2H5 and CzH5-C-CzHs
test ?

ppt. with l2 + NaOH (ag)]. It

Ans. By iodoform test. Only CH3-C-CzH5 will give positive iodoform test [yellow

is due to the presence of CH3-C- group in CH3-C-C2H5.