UNIT 4: MUSIC AND ART

A - TRỌNG TÂM KIẾN THỨC

I. Từ vựng
MUSIC
Music genre Artist Instrument Musician
- classical - composer - piano - pianist
- opera - conductor - cello - cellist
- rock & pop - songwriter - guitar - guitarist
- jazz - singer - violin - violinist
- folk music - performer - flute - flautist

ART
Work of art Artist Exhibition
- portrait - painter - art gallery
- landscape - sculptor - display
- abstract painting - photography - exhibit
- sculpture - performer - theater
- photography
- puppetry
II. Ngữ âm
1. Âm /ʃ/ & /ʒ/
Âm Cách phát âm Độ rung Minh họa
/ʃ/ Đầu lưỡi hướng lên trên vòm họng, Không có độ rung ở
nâng phần trước của lưỡi lên. thanh quản.
 /ʒ/ Đầu lưỡi hướng lên trên vòm họng, Có độ rung ở thanh
nâng phần trước của lưỡi lên quản.

• Âm /ʃ/ chủ yếu được nhận diện trong từ có chứa các nhóm chữ cái sh, tuy nhiên một số nhóm chữ
cái khác cũng có thể được phát âm /ʃ/ như sau:
- sh shop fashion cash mushroom
- ch machine champagne chauffeur
- ti national education patience
- ci delicious special
-s sugar sure
- ss pressure mission
-c ocean
• Không có quá nhiều từ chứa âm /ʒ/, nó chủ yếu được nhận diện trong từ có chứa các nhóm chữ cái
si và s:
- si television Asia conclusion confusion
-s usually visual exposure pleasure
2. Trọng âm
 Ta có thể xác định trọng âm của từ bằng cách nhận biết các hậu tố (thành phần được thêm vào cuối
của từ và có những chức năng ngữ pháp nhất định).
 Từ có ba âm tiết trở lên, kết thúc bằng đuôi -al, -ate, -gy, -cy, -ity, -phy, -ous, - tude, -ize/-ise thường
có trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 3 từ dưới lên.
Ví dụ
industrial /ɪnˈdʌstriəl/ concentrate /ˈkɑːnsntreɪt/
apology /əˈpɒlədʒi/ consistency /kənˈsɪstənsi/
electricity /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ biography /baɪˈɒɡrəfi/
illustrious /ɪˈlʌstriəs/ attitude /ˈætɪtjuːd/
recognize /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ realize /ˈriːəlaɪz/
III. Ngữ pháp
1. So sánh ngang bằng với tính từ và trạng từ
• Cấu trúc câu so sánh ngang bằng được dùng để so sánh 2 đối tượng có tính chất gì đó tương đương
nhau.
Cấu trúc S + V + as + adj/adv + as + noun/ pronoun/clause.
Lưu ý - Trong câu phủ định, ta có thể dùng so + adj/adv + as.
E.g. Peter isn’t so humorous as his father.
- Nếu động từ chính của câu là be hoặc các động từ nối (linking verb) như
become, seem, look, appear, … thì ta dùng so sánh ngang bằng với tính từ.
E.g. Jane is as talented as her mother.
- Nếu động từ chính của câu là động từ thường, ta dùng so sánh ngang bằng với
trạng từ.
E.g. Nam speaks English as fluently as a native speaker.
Trường hợp - Nếu ta đặt một danh từ đếm được số ít sau tính từ trong cấu trúc so sánh
đặc biệt ngang bằng, ta cần dùng a/an trước danh từ đó.
E.g. This isn ’t as crowded a town as it used to be.
2. So sánh với the same ...as, different from
Ngoài các cấu trúc so sánh hơn, so sánh nhất và so sánh ngang bằng, ta có thể dùng các cấu trúc sau
để so sánh hai đối tượng:
- So sánh giống nhau: S + V + the same + noun + as + noun/pronoun.
E.g. This car has the same color as my car.
So sánh khác nhau: S + to be + different from + noun/ pronoun.
E.g. His taste of music is totally different from mine.
Câu đồng tình với too/ either, so/neither.
Cách sử dụng Diễn tả sự đồng tình với một điều Diễn tả sự đồng tình với một điều
khẳng đinh trước đó. phủ định trước đó.
Đứng cuối câu TOO EITHER
S + trđt, too. S + trđt + not, either.
Đứng ở đầu câu SO NEITHER
So + trđt + S. Neither + trđt + S.
Ví dụ - My parents love classical music - James didn’t attend that meeting
and I do, too. and I didn’t, either.
- My parents love classical music - James didn’t attend that meeting
 and so do I. and neither did I.

B - BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG

I. Từ vựng
Exercise 1: Fill in the blank with the given words to complete the sentences.
potter architect still life composer
abstract portrait sculptor writer
1. A person who creates works of art by carving or shaping such materials as wood, clay, metal, or
stone is called a ________________.
2. Students are usually required to draw a ________________, which composes of a set of objects
that do not move, such as fruits.
3. ________________ are those designing a building with extreme accuracy.
4. The new phones allow people to blur out the background, in a mode called ________________.
5. Movie ________________ typically have 3-4 meetings to decide on a coherent script.
6. While a sculptor and a ________________ have similar jobs, the difference comes from the fact
that sculptors work with stones and potter work with ceramic.
7. ________________ art is a genre of art that uses unusual shapes and colors instead of people.
8. While their names aren’t credited in the video title, ________________ are as equally important to
the song as the singers.
Exercise 2: Choose the correct answer to complete the following sentence.
1. The authorship of folk/ pop/ rock music is typically unknown and it is transmitted orally from
generation to generation.
2. A sculptor/ An architect/ A potter is a person who designs new buildings and takes responsibility for
the construction.
3. The two ballet artists have never played/ acted/performed together before.
4. Some historic artifacts will be on display/ exhibition/ performance in the local museum.
5. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, with his numerous symphonies, concertos and revolutionary Italian
operas, is one of the greatest conductors/ composers/ singer-songwriters of all time.
6. Mona Lisa was one of the most famous portraits/ abstract paintings/ still life which was painted by
Leonardo da Vinci at the start of the 16th century.
7. As a singer-songwriter/a performer/ an actor, he has learned to express himself by writing and
performing his original songs.
8. The brass/saxophone/ cello belongs to the family of string instruments.
Exercise 3: Fill in the blank with the correct form of the word given.
1. His parents hope that Jim can fulfil his (ART) ________________ talent.
2. He is one of the greatest opera (SING) ________________ of all time.
3. Mr. Brown, a (FLUTE) ________________, is very popular amongst teenagers.
4. James dreams of becoming the (CONDUCT) ________________ of an orchestra.
5. Various individuals choose music as a means of self-(EXPRESS) ________________.
6. This museum displays some of the most famous (PAINT) ________________.
7. The (EXHIBIT) ________________ is on view from 11 June to 29 August.
8. The country’s (PUPPET) ________________ has flourished and attracted many foreign visitors to
the show.
II. Ngữ âm
Exercise 1: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from others.
1. A. shoulder B. measure C. vision D. usually
2. A. conclusion B. conversion C. creation D. patient
3. A. erosion B. imagination C. adhesion D. explosion
4. A. pressure B. fashion C. delicious D. lesion
5. A. occasion B. collision C. subversion D. erosion
6. A. national B. establish C. vision D. trash
7. A. distinguish B. corrosion C. should D. she
8. A. portion B. medication C. pressure D. aversion
9. A. she B. sure C. measure D. impression
10. A. backlash B. Asia C. Spanish D. sure
Exercise 3: Choose the word whose main stress is different from the others.
1. A. family B. operate C. evaluate D. fortunate
2. A. magnitude B. corporate C. cultivate D. revolutionize
3. A. responsibility B. respectively C. eradicate D. cooperate
4. A. translate B. doctorate C. evaporate D. ultimate
5. A. dedicate B. capitalize C. continuous D. magnitude
6. A. orient B. abbreviate C. solicitude D. technology
7. A. aggregate B. immediate C. investigate D. unfortunate
8. A. legitimate B. assimilate C. difficulty D. illuminate
9. A. suspicious B. meticulous C. fraternity D. literate
10. A. designate B. doctorate C. illiterate D. family
11. A. concentrate B. calligraphy C. eradicate D. originate
12. A. contagious B. cartography C. competency D. revitalize
13. A. jeopardize B. cookery C. surrogate D. advantage
14. A. evaluate B. disastrous C. cryptography D. populate
15. A. renovate B. animate C. irritate D. cooperate
III. Ngữ pháp
Exercise 1: Choose the best answer.
1. Though Billy grows older, he appears _______________ when he was a kid.
A. more childishly than B. as childish as C. the most childish
2. Peter seems _______________ to work as a volunteer than their peers.
A. as willing B. more willing C. more willingly
3. The students are working _______________ ever to prepare for the upcoming test.
A. as hard as B. harder than C. more hardly than
4. My job is a bit boring sometimes. I hope to find something _______________.
A. more interesting B. the same interest C. most interesting
5. The river was _______________ I first thought so I didn’t swim there.
A. as deep as B. deeper than C. the same depth
6. The price for petrol is getting _______________.
A. higher and higher B. as high as ever C. the highest
7. Your work isn’t very good. I believe you can do _______________.
A. as well B. better C. the best
8. Jim said that he didn’t do _______________ he expected in the last exam.
A. more well B. as good as C. so well as
9. Peter’s tie is _______________ than it should be.
A. as colorful B. more colorful C. more colorfully
10. I think now he behaves _______________ he did when he was small.
A. more polite than B. more politely than C. as polite as
Exercise 2: Complete using the comparative, superlative forms or comparison with as...as of the
word in brackets.
1. Your music taste is much _______________ (good) than mine.
2. These artists performed _______________ (impressive) than they used to.
3. This singer’s newest song is _______________ (bad) than his previous attempts.
4. Why don’t you try and find a _______________ (cheap) instrument and leave it at that.
5. It was the _______________ (boring) play I’ve ever seen.
6. Who do you think is the _______________ (disappointing) film to win an Oscar?
7. This group of students didn’t perform as _______________ (good) as the others.
8. Pixar latest offering, Luca, doesn’t provide moviegoers with the _______________ (deep) lessons,
but make up for it with interesting characters.
9. Should you work _______________ (hard), you should be able to achieve more things.
10. She slept _______________ (sound) than before. I wonder what had happened to her?
11. Peter speaks Japanese _______________ (fluent)as a native Japanese.
12. In the family, my mom organizes the stuff _______________ (often) than everyone else.
13. He ran _______________ (fast) than even our P.E teacher, and that’s something!
14. Owing to his hard work, he does the test _______________ (easy) than any other.
15. You shouldn’t treat your work as a joke, thus you must work _______________ (serious).
Exercise 3: Complete each sentence with the given word, do not change it and write TWO to FIVE
words in each gap.
1. I don’t think there has been a better movie than this one. EVER
 This is the _________________________________________________________________ seen.
2. Nobody in the school has gone this far into this competition before. FIRST
 This is the ________________________________ school has gone this far into this competition.
3. She is the only runner to keep up with Pedro. FAST
 She runs _________________________________________________________________ Pedro.
4. This musical is worse than everything you can imagine. THAN
 You can’t imagine _______________________________________________________________.
5. This movie has the same length as the other one. AS
 This movie is _________________________________________________________ the other one.
6. His brother is shorter than him. SO
 His brother is ____________________________________________________________________.
7. This movie is rarer than anything in my collection. RARE
 Everything else in my collection _______________________________________________ this one.
8. For students, last days before the school ends are the only relaxing days at school. AS
 For students, there aren’t many ___________________________________ before the school ends.
Exercise 4: Fill in the blank with neither, either, so or too to complete the following sentences.
1. Kim has told a funny joke and _____________ has Sarah.
2. Jane’s bag wasn’t where she left it, _____________ was it anywhere else in the house.
3. That’s a coincidence! My father works at the same place _____________.
4. Stop laughing at me! You can’t solve the puzzle _____________.
5. _____________ my grandmother nor grandfather receives any education, but their love and care
for me more than make up for it.
6. I don’t know any French - _____________ do I.
7. Victor can't play the cello and his best friend can’t _____________.
8. My sister and I decided to wear bandanas and go for the road to celebrate the new victory, and
_____________ did everyone else.
9. As with the rules, he has to take a few days off due to him being diagnosed with COVID-19, and
everyone else does _____________.
10. While it is common to believe that teenagers spend a lot of time with computers, adults do so
_____________.
Exercise 5: Write short responses of agreement in two ways.
Example
0. A: Lan lives in Hanoi.
B: Nam does, too./ B: So does Nam. (Nam)
1. A: Many people admire Mozart for his exceptional musical legacy.
B: ________________ / B: ________________ (I)
2. A. I couldn’t talk to the manager yesterday.
B: ________________ / B: ________________ (My co-worker)
3. A: The conductor is training hard for the coming performance.
B: ________________ /B: ________________ (The musicians)
4. A: The local bakery is going to reopen tomorrow.
B: ________________ / B: ________________ (The cafe)
5. A: Janes hasn’t finished her assignment yet.
B: ________________ / B: ________________ (Her friends)
6. A: Maria didn’t attend the music fest last week.
B: ________________ /B: ________________ (Pete)
7. A: I adore listening to classical music.
B: ________________ /B: ________________ (I)
8. A: This sculpture wasn’t created by a local artist.
B: ________________ /B: ________________ (Those paintings)

C - BÀI TẬP LUYỆN TẬP

Exercise 1: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from others.
1. A. exhibition B. enhance C. highlight D. humble
2. A. measure B. ensure C. vision D. pleasure
3. A. portrait B. popular C. concern D. comment
4. A. musician B. ocean C. cello D. delicious
5. A. theater B. north C. thoughtful D. though
Exercise 2: Choose the word whose stress is different from the others.
1. A. display B. perform C. answer D. assist
2. A. exhibit B. puppetry C. gallery D. legacy
3. A. landscape B. portrait C. painter D. admire
4. A. talent B. inspire C. expense D. allow
5. A. curriculum B. compulsory C. academic D. prevention
Exercise 3: Complete using the comparative, superlative forms or comparison with as...as of the
word in brackets.
1. I find the paintings of this artist ________________ than those by other painters. (impressive)
2. Jim doesn’t work so ________________ before as he is getting older and weaker. (hard)
3. Jane’s essay on contemporary arts is ________________ amongst the students in our class.
(persuasive)
4. What I don’t expect is that this musical is by far ________________ I have ever seen. (good)
5. Of the two paintings displayed here, I think the abstract one is ________________. (beautiful)
6. As an art critic, Mr. Wilson often gives ________________ comments than any other collegues of
his. (critical)
7. The way Jane delivered her speech didn’t seem as ________________ it should have been.
(effective)
8. The water puppet show held in this museum was much ________________ than we expected.
(successful)
Exercise 4: Fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb given.
1. A large art exhibition is scheduled (take place) ________________ at 8 a.m. tomorrow.
2. So far, this musician (compose) ________________ no less than one hundred songs.
3. At the moment, a group of ballet dancers (perform) ________________ Swan Lake on stage.
4. According to the timetable, the art gallery (open) ________________ on Sunday every week from
June 9 to July 9.
5. I have learned (play) ________________ the piano since I was a kid.
6. This is the most stunning performance they (ever see) ________________.
7. The last time my family (go) ________________ to an opera show was six months ago.
8. This young artist makes every attempt (improve) ________________ his skills.
Exercise 5: Provide the correct form of the word given at the end of each sentence.
1. The (CELLO) ________________ have had an amazing performance.
2. The news is all raving about that brand new (EXHIBIT) ________________ in the city.
3. Art and geometry skills of an (ARCHITECT) ________________ student have to be extremely high.
4. Although young people gravitates toward pop music, there’s been an interest in (CLASSIC)
________________ music.
5. With the help of modem technology, (ART) ________________ are able to express their creativity in
more uncommon ways.
6. It took them 2 years to finish this impressive (SCULPTOR) ________________.
7. You need to undergo rigorous training to become a professional (DANCE) ________________.
8. It is hoped that they will (PERFORMANCE) ________________ that famous musical soon.
Exercise 6: Choose the best answer.
1. It is imperative that you do it right away, ________________ do other groups.
A. so B. neither C. either D. too
2. Owing to the increasing need in computer literacy, many young people are aiming to be
________________.
A. programmers B. architects C. potteries D. composers
3. Some might argue that musicians of today are ________________ talented as those from centuries
ago.
A. as B.so C. same D. both A and B
4. ________________ paintings are used to record nature in ways that are not possible in
photographs.
A. Abstract B. Still-life C. Self-Portrait D. Landscape
5. There’s no way for a human to run ________________ fast as cheetah, which is commonly
perceived the fastest animal alive.
A. such B. from C. as D. more
6. Out of all groups, the first group did the work most ________________ here, and deserved the gold
medal.
A. impressive B. terribly C. impressively D. astonishing
7. One theory is that humans in the past used gestures and sounds as means of communication, which
is not different________________ that of the present.
A. to B. as C. in D. from
8. ________________ David ________________ his classmates did well in the test.
A. Neither/nor B. Neither/or C. Either/nor D. Either/or
9. Do you know where folk music ________________?
A. originated B. origin C. original D. originally
10. Vietnam water ________________ is a unique form of art, performed in a pool of water, with the
water’s surface as a stage.
A. performance B. sculpture C. architecture D. puppetry
Exercise 7: Choose the best answer to complete the following passage.
How The Beatles get together and became the best-selling band of all time
In the late 1950s and early 1960s, it was (1) ________________ to imagine a band hailing from
the relatively poor northwest port city of Liverpool, England, could get a (2) ________________ in the
thriving London music scene of the south, let alone (3) ________________ their eventual homegrown
success to a world eagerly opening up to the counter-culture movement of the ’60s and the
burgeoning phenomenon that (4) ________________ rock ’n’ roll.
A fateful meeting (5) ________________ two music-loving teenagers in 1957 is where it all began.
Sixteen-year-old rhythm-guitarist Lennon, the son of a merchant seaman, was performing with the
Quarrymen, a skiffle (folk music blended with jazz or blues) band booked to perform at events at a
church fete in Woolton, Liverpool. While setting up their (6) ________________ for the evening
performance, the band’s bass player introduced Lennon (7) ________________ a classmate, 15-year-
old McCartney, who would join in on a couple of numbers that night and soon would be offered a (8)
________________ spot in the Quarrymen.
1. A. challenging B. difficult C. boring D. exhausting
2. A. play B. hand C. career D. work
3. A. import B. share C. open D. export
4. A. called B. is called C. was called D. was calling
5. A. among B. for C. between D. with
6. A. instruments B. tools C. guitar D. strings
7. A. for B. about C. to D. at
8. A. forever B. permanent C. regular D. often
Exercise 8: Reading the following passage about four musicians talking about the instruments they
play, and what those instruments mean to them; then do the task that follows.
A. Brittany Howard, Alabama Shakes - Gibson SG Custom in Inverness Green
A special instrument feels like an extra limb. Once you find that one instrument, a replacement is
really hard to come by, and you have to introduce yourself to a whole new limb and get used to it all
over again.
This SG is one I was instantly comfortable with, and it just stuck. If I break a string halfway through the
set and they pass me a different guitar, it just plays different. It’s hard to describe if you’re not a guitar
player - it fits perfectly in your hand, and your hands know what you’re doing, because you’ve worked
with the instrument for so long. That way, you are comfortable expressing yourself, and of course the
easier an instrument it is to play, the easier it is to express yourself.
B. Paul Hartnoll, Orbital - Roland Jupiter 6 synthesiser
I went into Sevenoaks Guitars, a secondhand shop, one day in 1991 or 1992, and they had this big old
analogue synth blunderbluss for £200. It was my first proper analogue poly synth, and the thing I
learned on; it was so integral to the music of the first three or four albums that I can’t do without it.
I’ve tried to replace it, but nothing else will do. About a year ago it started playing up and I got
another one that cost something like £4,200, but it’s not the same. So I’m going back to my old one,
which has been serviced and repaired. Old synthesisers are like old cars - they work best if you use
them all the time, so even if I’m not using them, I’ll tweak a few knobs to keep them happy.
C. Theon Cross, Sons of Kemet and solo player - Besson Sovereign 982 and Yamaha Neo Maestro 632
double E-flat tubas
I have a tracking device in my flight case. If something happens to my tuba, I can’t work. There have
been times when it hasn’t shown up on the conveyor belt at the airport and the baggage staff have
said, “It’s not here.” And I have known for a fact that it is and can tell them to look again. I try not to
stress about my instruments too much, but the tracking device has put things a bit more in my power.
Tubas come in different keys. 1 like E-flats because they are quite versatile; they have the weight and
the lower power in them, but I’m also able to create in a soloistic way. Musicians want to feel like
when we speak, our musical intention is coming out as clear as possible.
D. Natalie Clein - “Simpson” Guadagnini cello, 1777
When I play a string instrument that hasn’t been played at all, or played badly, it’s like a horse that has
been ridden badly for a long time and has lots of bad habits. And while I think my own musical voice is
within myself, it’s impossible at this stage to know what is my voice and what is the voice that came
from my Guadagnini. It has coloured my whole life.
I met this cello in Vienna. I fell in love with it on second or third sight. It’s like the best people: they
take a little bit of time to start unravelling some of their layers. The first time I thought, “I dearly hope
this is my cello for life” was when I played a concert with it. I had the feeling that whatever I had in my
mind, in my soul, it would come out in the sound.
(Source: https://www.theguardian.com/)
Which musician(s):
1. stated musical instrument was a means to express oneself. __________
2. compared how a musical instrument works with something else. __________
3. had the feeling that an instrument is like another body part. __________
4. said it took some time to understand the instrument. __________
5. lost his/her instrument in a public place. __________
6. tried a new instrument of the same kind but then got back to the old one. __________
Exercise 9: Identify the mistake in each of the following sentence and correct it.
1. My best friend and I share the same interesting in arts.
 ________________________________________________________________________________
2. Peter’s taste in music is totally different of his parents.
 ________________________________________________________________________________
3. The actors and actresses really enjoyed the performance and so do the audience.
 ________________________________________________________________________________
4. I didn’t realize that we went the wrong way and my companion didn’t, neither.
 ________________________________________________________________________________
5. This year’s exhibition is of the same quality with last year.
 ________________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 10: Rewrite the following sentences so that the meaning does not change.
1. My best friend and I don’t have the same favorite music genre. DIFFERENT
 ________________________________________________________________________________
2. James is the most intelligent student in the class. AS
 ________________________________________________________________________________
3. Both Jane and Peter are not a fan of classical music. NEITHER
 ________________________________________________________________________________
4. This is by far the most expensive painting in his collection. MORE
 ________________________________________________________________________________
5. Jane’s performance was more impressive than other dancers. IMPRESSIVELY
 ________________________________________________________________________________